JPH08103096A - Three-phase reluctance linear motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To increase the moving speed and distance of a three-phase reluctance linear motor, by making the static energy stored in its capacitor of a small capacitance flow into its armature coils simultaneously with the start of its energization, and by making the buildup of its energization sharp. CONSTITUTION: Coils 10a, 10b, 10c of a three-phase reluctance linear motor are fixed on its main body while they are opposed respectively to the side surfaces of its salient poles 1a, 1b via very small air-gaps, and are used as positional sensors for sensing the positions of the salient poles. When a soft-steel or steel plate whose partial shapes are the same as the salient poles is rotated synchronously with the motor and the coils 10a, 10b, 10c are opposed to this plate, the sensing outputs are made large. When its first-phase armature coils 9a, 9b are energized, the salient poles 1a, 1b are attracted magnetically by magnetic poles 16a, 16b, and are moved in the direction of an arrow A. When they are rotated by the width of the magnetic pole, the energization is stopped, and subsequently, when armature coils 9c, 9d (its second-phase armature coils) are energized, they are further moved right, and when they are moved by the width of the magnetic pole, the energization is stopped, and moreover, when its third-phase armature coils 9e, 9f are energized, they are further moved right.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Industrial field of application] Since it has a large output and little thrust ripple, it has a wide range of uses as a power source. For example, it is used to move an object by a set distance when moving the object to be machined.

2. Description of the Related Art There is a device in which a screw is rotated by an electric motor and an object screwed with the screw is moved to linearly move a load. There is a device that rotates a lever and moves a load by moving a free end of the lever.

[0002]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

First Problem In the conventional technology, there are problems that the speed is slow and it is difficult to make a long moving distance. Second problem A device for developing a magnet type brushless DC motor linearly and converting the rotation into a linear motion has been developed, but the number of magnets increases and the cost becomes high.
Further, since the moving force is small, there is a problem in implementation.

[0003]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

First Means First and second salient poles of a magnetic body, which are laterally projecting from both sides of the elongated flat plate and are arranged in the longitudinal direction with equal widths and spaced from each other by the width, and the flat plate. 3n pieces (n is a positive integer) arranged at a distance of ⅔ of the salient pole width on the elongated first fixed armature so as to linearly slide in the longitudinal direction Slot and 3n first, second, and third mounted in each of two adjacent slots
A third phase armature coil, and a second fixed armature in which the first , second and third phase armature coils are mounted in the slots in exactly the same configuration as the first fixed armature, The magnetic pole faces of the first and second fixed armatures are opposed to the salient pole faces with a slight gap, and the relative positions of the slots of the first and second fixed armatures are shifted to correspond to the corresponding first and second The relative positions of the armature coils of the second and third phases and the armature coils of the first , second and third phases are arranged so as to be shifted by 1/3 of the salient pole width, or these are in-phase. Means for fixing the first and second fixed armatures to the main body by shifting the positions of the first and second salient poles facing each other by 1/3 of the salient pole width, and detecting the moving position of the first salient pole Then, the position detection signal of the first phase separated by 2/3 of the salient pole width and 4/3 of the salient pole width from each other, and the phase of the first phase detection signal is 2 times the salient pole width. / 3 to detect the position detection signal of the second phase and the position detection signal of the third phase lagging the phase by 2/3 of the salient pole width, and the moving position of the second salient pole. 1, the corresponding second, third position detection signal
1, a position detecting device in which the second, to obtain a position detecting signal of the third phase, the first, second, third, first, second, serially connected to the respective armature coils of the third phase A semiconductor switching element, a direct current power source for supplying a series connection of the armature coil and the semiconductor switching, first, second, third and third
Position the semiconductor switching elements connected in series to the armature coils of the first, second, third, first , second , and third phases via the position detection signals of the first , second , and third phases, respectively. An energization control circuit that conducts only the width of the detection signal to energize the armature coil, and when the semiconductor switching element is converted to non-conduction at the end of the position detection signal, from the connection point of the semiconductor switching element and the armature coil. , An electric circuit that rapidly reduces the current flowing through the armature coil by charging and holding the magnetic energy accumulated by the armature coil through a diode into a small-capacity capacitor, When the pole moves and the armature coil to be energized next is energized by the width by the position detection signal, the energization is started and at the same time, the static electricity accumulated in the small-capacity capacitor described above is stored. It is configured by an electric circuit that causes electric energy to flow into the armature coil to make the rise of the energization current rapid. Second Means: A salient pole of a magnetic material, which projects laterally on one side of an elongated flat plate and is arranged in the longitudinal direction with an equal width and is separated from each other by the width, and the flat plate is linear in the longitudinal direction. A supporting device that slidably supports, 3n slots (n is a positive integer) arranged at a distance of 2/3 of the salient pole width on the elongated fixed armature, and two adjacent Holds the 3n first, second, and third phase armature coils installed in each of the slots and the salient poles with the magnetic pole faces of the fixed armature facing each other with a slight gap therebetween. Means for detecting the moving position of the salient pole and detecting the moving position of the salient pole by a position detection signal of the first phase separated by a width of 2/3 of the salient pole width and 4/3 of the salient pole width. The position detection signal of the second phase, which is 2/3 of the width, and the phase of which is 2/3 of the salient pole width.
A position detection device that obtains a delayed third-phase position detection signal, a semiconductor switching element that is serially connected to each of the armature coils and excitation coils of the first, second, and third phases, and an armature coil , A DC power supply for supplying power to the series connection body of the semiconductor switching element and the exciting coil, and electric machines of the first, second, and third phases via the position detection signals of the first, second, and third phases, respectively. The semiconductor switching element connected in series to the slave coil is connected to the salient pole by the conduction control circuit that conducts the armature coil by conducting the width of the position detection signal and the position detection signal obtained by detecting the salient pole position. An electric circuit is energized from the point where the salient pole enters the magnetic pole, and the energization coil is turned off at the point where the salient pole and the semiconductor switching element are turned off at the end of the position detection signal. From the connection point between the arming coil and the armature coil, the magnetic energy accumulated by the armature coil is charged into and held by a small-capacity capacitor via the diode, and the current flowing through the armature coil is rapidly reduced. When the salient pole is moved by a set distance and the armature coil to be energized next time is energized by the width by the position detection signal, the energization is started at the same time as the small capacity mentioned above. Of the electric circuit that causes the electrostatic energy accumulated in the capacitor to flow into the armature coil to make the rise of the energization current rapid.

[0004]

By providing the fixed armature of the reluctance type motor with a special structure as will be described later with reference to FIG. 2, there is an effect that linear expansion is facilitated, a large output is held, and thrust ripple is reduced. The action of the reluctance type electric motor, that is, a large thrust force can be retained, and since the only linearly moving actuator is iron material, it can be manufactured at low cost even as an elongated type. Since the small-capacity capacitor is used for switching the energization of the armature coil, the switching time is extremely short and therefore high-speed movement can be performed.

[0005]

EXAMPLES Next, details of the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to examples. Since the members with the same symbols in each drawing are the same members, duplicate description will be omitted. In FIG. 1, the guide wheels 4a, 4b, ..., 4a , 4b , ... Having V-shaped grooves are rotatably supported by a support shaft provided in the main body, and the metal flat plate 4 is supported by the V-shaped grooves on the outer periphery. Is held so that it can slide to the left and right. On the elongated flat plate 4, the flat plate-shaped actuator 1 is placed and fixed. The operator 1 uses a laminated body of silicon steel plates.

The guide wheels 5a, 5b, ... Are rotatably supported by a support shaft provided in the main body, and the outer circumference is in contact with the back surface of the flat plate 4. An object to be moved is placed on the operator 1. When the weight is large, the guide wheels 5a, 5b, ..., 5a , 5
b, ... it is not always necessary in what is used. The salient poles 1a, 1b, 1 having a predetermined width are provided on both sides of the operator 1.
, and salient poles 1a , 1b , 1c , ... are provided so as to project, and fixed armatures C, D are provided so as to be fixed to the main body so as to face each salient pole surface. Details of the fixed armature will be described with reference to FIG. The actuator 1 is driven in the direction of arrow A or B, and the driving force will be described below with reference to FIG.

FIG. 2 shows salient poles 1a, 1b, ..., 1a , 1
b , ..., and the fixed armature 16 (shown as symbol C in FIG. 1) and the fixed armature 16 (shown as symbol D in FIG. 1) side by side in the same phase on the same plane. Is. The salient poles 1a, 1b, ... And the salient poles 1a , 1b ,.
In the figure, only the salient pole portion is shown separately. Salient poles 1a, 1
The salient poles 1a , 1b , ... Have a phase difference of only 1/3 of the salient pole width. The fixed armature 16 has six magnetic poles 16a, 1
6b are attached, and the magnetic pole width is 2 of salient poles 1a, 1b ,.
The width is / 3. Armature coils are mounted in the slots 17a, 17b, ... And armature coils 9a are wound and mounted in the magnetic poles 16a. Other magnetic poles 16b, 16
The armature coils 9c, 9e, ... Are also wound and mounted on c, ..., respectively, and a development view of these armature coils is shown at the bottom. Armature coils 9a and 9b, armature coil 9
c, 9d and armature coils 9e, 9f are connected in series, and their terminals are shown as symbols 8a, 8b, 8c, ....

The fixed armature 16 also has the same structure as the fixed armature 16. Although only one magnetic pole is shown, the other five magnetic poles have the same structure and are also shown by dotted lines. The coils 10a, 10b, 10c having a small diameter and about 30 turns are salient poles 1a, 1
It is fixed to the main body so as to face the side surface of b through a slight gap, and serves as a position detection element for detecting the position of the salient pole. It is used that the inductance changes when facing the salient pole. Synchronous rotation of mild steel plate or steel plate of the same shape as the salient pole,
When the coils 10a, 10b, 10c are opposed to this, the detection output becomes large. Next, the mode in which the actuator 1 moves in the direction of arrow A or B will be described. Armature coil 9a,
9b, armature coils 9c and 9d, armature coils 9e and 9
f is the armature coils of the first, second, and third phases, respectively. When the actuator 1 is moved to the left by the magnetic pole width to the left and stopped, when the first-phase armature coils 9a and 9b are energized, the salient poles 1a and 1b are magnetically attracted by the magnetic poles 16a and 16d. Then, it moves in the direction of arrow A. When the magnetic pole width is rotated, the energization is stopped and the armature coils 9c and 9d (second
When the armature coil of the phase is energized, it moves further to the right,
When the magnetic pole width is moved, the energization is stopped, and when the third-phase armature coils 9e and 9f are energized, the energization further moves to the right. As can be seen from the above description, when the armature coils of the first, second, and third phases are sequentially energized for the magnetic pole width section,
The actuator 1 moves in the direction of arrow A to become a reluctance type linear electric motor of three-phase one-wave current conduction.

[0009] can be obtained salient poles 1a of the operating element facing the magnetic poles of the fixed armature 16, 1b, 1c, ... and the moving thrust in the direction of arrow A by the fixed armature 16 on the same principle.
In this case, the phase of energization of the armature coil is 1/2 of the pole width.
It is energized later. The salient poles 1a, 1b of the actuator, ...
The present invention can be implemented even when the salient poles 1a 1 , 1b 2 , ... Have the same phase. Further, the present invention can be practiced by removing the actuator provided with the salient poles 1a , 1b , .... In the former case, the ripple of the moving force is large, and in the latter case, the moving force is small. The phases of the fixed armatures 16 and 16 are divided by 1/2 of the magnetic pole width,
The present invention can be implemented even when the salient poles of the actuators on both sides have the same phase. The salient poles of the actuator shown in FIG. 2 are driven by the fixed armature 16 facing each other, and the energization control means of the armature coil will be described. The armature coil 9 of FIG.
a and 9b are armature coils 39a and armature coils 9c and 9
d, armature coils 9e and 9f, respectively.
9b and 39c. Coils 10a, 10b, 10
c is a position detecting element for detecting the positions of the salient poles 1a, 1b, ..., Fixed to the fixed armature 16 side at the position shown, and the coil surface is on the side surface of the salient poles 1a, 1b ,. Opposed through a gap. The coils 10a, 10b, 10c are separated by the magnetic pole width. In FIG. 3, the coils 10a, 10
b and 10c, a device for obtaining a position detection signal is shown. In FIG. 3, coil 10a, resistors 15a, 1
5b and 15c form a bridge circuit, and are adjusted so as to be balanced when not facing the coil 10a or the salient poles 1a, 1b, .... Therefore, the diode 11a, the capacitor 12a and the diode 11b, the capacitor 1
The outputs of the low-pass filters composed of 2b are equal, and the output of the operational amplifier 13 is at a low level. Reference numeral 10 is an oscillator, which oscillates about 2 megacycles. Coil 1
When 0a faces salient poles 1a, 1b, ..., Impedance decreases due to copper loss, the voltage drop of the resistor 15a increases, and the output of the operational amplifier 13 becomes high level.

The input of the block circuit 18 is the time chart curves 45a, 45b, ... Of FIG. 9, and the input through the inverting circuit 13a is the curve 45a, 45b ,. Block circuits 14a and 14b of FIG.
Shows the same configuration as the above-mentioned electric circuit including the coils 10b and 10c, respectively. The oscillator 10 can be commonly used. The output of the block circuit 14a and the output of the inverting circuit 13b are input to the block circuit 18, and their output signals are shown by the curve 46 in FIG.
a, 46b, ... And the curves 46a, 46b ,. The output of the block circuit 14b and the output of the inverting circuit 13c are input to the block circuit 18, and their output signals are shown by the curves 47a, 47b, ... In FIG.
And this is the reverse of this. Curves 45a, 45b,
, The phases of the curves 46a, 46b, ... Are delayed by the magnetic pole width, and the curves 47a, 46b ,.
The phases of a, 47b, ... Are delayed by the magnetic pole width. The block circuit 18 is a circuit commonly used in a control circuit of a three-phase Y-type semiconductor motor, and a rectangular wave electric signal having a magnetic pole width is obtained from the terminals 18a, 18b, ..., 18f by inputting the position detection signal described above. It is a logic circuit. Terminal 18a,
The outputs of 18b and 18c are the curves 48a, 48b, ..., Curves 49a, 49b ,.
It is shown as 0a, 50b, .... Terminals 18d, 1
The outputs of 8e and 18f are curves 51a, 51b, and
..., curves 52a, 52b, ..., curves 53a, 53b, ...
As shown. It is possible to obtain the signals of the lower six stages from the signals of the upper three stages of the time chart. For example curve 5
In order to obtain 1a, 51b, ..., The following means are adopted. The curves 45a, 45b, ... And the curves 47a, 47b ,.
The outputs of the AND circuit having the two inversion curves as the inputs become the curves 51a, 51b, ....

The energizing means of the armature coil will be described below with reference to FIG. Transistors 20a, 20b and 20 are provided at both ends of the armature coils 39a, 39b and 39c, respectively.
c, 20d and 20e, 20f are inserted. The transistors 20a, 20b, 20c, ... Are switching elements and may be other semiconductor elements having the same effect. Power is supplied from the DC power source positive / negative terminals 2a and 2b. When an input signal on the lower side of the AND circuit 41a is at high level and a high-level electric signal is input from the terminal 42a, the transistors 20a and 20b become conductive and the armature coil 39a is energized. Similarly, the terminals 42b, 42
When a high-level electric signal is input from c, the transistors 20c and 20d and the transistors 20e and 20f become conductive, and the armature coils 39b and 39c are energized.
Terminal 40 is a reference lightning pressure for designating the armature current.
By changing the voltage at terminal 40, the armature current can be changed. When a power switch (not shown) is turned on, the input of the negative terminal of the operational amplifier 40b is lower than that of the positive terminal, so the output of the operational amplifier 40b becomes high level, the transistors 20a and 20b become conductive, and the voltage is changed to the armature coil. 39a is applied to the energization control circuit. The resistor 22a is a resistor for detecting the armature current of the armature coil 39a. Symbol 30a is an absolute value circuit.

The input signal of the terminal 42a is the position detection signals 48a, 48b ... In FIG. 9, and the input signal of the terminals 42b, 42c is the position detection signals 49a, 49b ,.
b, ... One of the position detection signal curves described above is shown as a curve 48a in the first stage of the time chart of FIG. The width of this curve 48a is the armature coil 39
a is energized. The arrow 23a indicates the energization angle magnetic pole width. In the initial stage of energization, the rise is delayed due to the inductance of the armature coil, and when the energization is cut off, the accumulated magnetic energy causes the diodes 21a and 21b to turn on when the diode 49a-1 of FIG. 5 is removed. Since it is reflux-discharged to the power supply via the power source, it drops like the latter half of the curve 25 on the right side of the dotted line K-1. Since the section where the positive torque is generated is the section of the salient pole width shown by the arrow 23, the counter torque is generated and the output torque and the efficiency are reduced. At high speeds, this phenomenon becomes extremely large and unusable.

This is because the time width of anti-torque generation does not change even at high speeds, but the time width of the positive torque generation section 23 decreases in proportion to the rotation speed. The above-mentioned circumstances are the same for the energization of the armature coils 39b, 39c by the other position detection signals 49a, 50a. Since the rising of the curve 25 is delayed, the output torque is reduced. That is, a reduction torque is generated. This is because the magnetic path is closed by the magnetic poles and the salient poles, and thus has a large inductance. The reluctance type linear motor has an advantage of generating a large thrust, but has the drawback of not being able to increase the speed because of the above-described anti-torque and reduction torque. A well-known means for eliminating such drawbacks is to advance the phase of the salient poles before entering the magnetic poles and start energizing the armature coil.

When the phase-advancing current is applied, the inductance of the magnetic pole is remarkably small, so that it rapidly rises. However, when the point where the output torque is generated, that is, the salient pole begins to enter the magnetic pole, the inductance rapidly increases and the current also rapidly increases. Descend to. Therefore, there is a drawback that the output torque is reduced. In the case of the forward and reverse operation, there is a drawback that the number of position detecting elements is doubled. The device of the present invention comprises diodes 49a-1, 49b-1, 49c-1 and a capacitor 47 for preventing backflow shown in FIG.
It is characterized in that the above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated by attaching a, 47b, 47c. Curve 48
When the energization is cut off at the end of a, the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil 39a is transferred to the backflow prevention diode 49a.
-1 prevents the diode 21 from flowing back to the DC power supply side.
The capacitor 47a is charged to the polarity shown in FIG. Therefore, the magnetic energy disappears rapidly and the current drops rapidly.

The time chart curves 26a, 26 of FIG.
b and 26c are current curves flowing through the armature coil 39a, and the magnetic pole width is between the dotted lines 26-1 and 26-2 on both sides thereof. The energizing current rapidly drops as shown by the curve 26b to prevent the generation of anti-torque, and the capacitor 47a is charged to a high voltage and held. Next, with the position signal curve 48b,
The transistors 20a and 20b are turned on and the armature coil 39a is turned on again, but the charging voltage of the capacitor 47a and the power supply voltage (voltages of the terminals 2a and 2b) are added to the armature coil 39a. The current of the coil 39a rises rapidly. This phenomenon causes a rapid rise as shown by the curve 26a. As described above, the generation of the reduced torque and the counter torque is eliminated, and the current is supplied in the shape of a rectangular wave, so that the output torque is increased.

Next, the chopper circuit will be described. When the current of the armature coil 39a increases and the voltage drop of the resistor 22a for detecting it increases and exceeds the voltage of the reference voltage terminal 40 (the input voltage of the + terminal of the operational amplifier 40b),
Since the input on the lower side of the AND circuit 41a becomes low level, the transistors 20a and 20b are turned off and the armature current is reduced. Due to the hysteresis characteristic of the operational amplifier 40b, the output of the operational amplifier 40b returns to the high level due to the decrease of the predetermined value, and the transistors 20a, 2
0b is conducted to increase the armature current. By repeating this cycle, the armature current is held at the set value. The section indicated by the curve 26c in FIG. 4 is the section where the chopper control is performed. The height of the curve 26c is regulated by the voltage of the reference voltage terminal 40. The armature coil 39b in FIG. 5 has position detection signal curves 49a, 49 input from the terminal 42b.
By b, ..., the transistors 20c, 20d corresponding to the width
Is energized by conduction of the operational amplifier 40c and the resistor 22.
b, the absolute value circuit 30b, and the AND circuit 41b perform chopper control. The effects of the diode 49b-1 and the capacitor 47b are similar to those of the armature coil 39a. The above-mentioned circumstances are exactly the same for the armature coil 39c, and the position detection signal curve 50 of FIG.
, 50b, ... Are input to control the energization of the armature coil 39c. Transistors 20e, 20f, AND circuit 41c, operational amplifier 40d, resistor 22c, absolute value circuit 30c, diode 49c-1, capacitor 47c.
The effect of the above is exactly the same as that described above.

The energization of each armature coil may be performed either at the point where the salient pole enters the magnetic pole or at a point slightly before. Adjustment is performed in consideration of the rotation speed, efficiency, and thrust as output, and the positions of the coils 10a, 10b, 10c serving as position detection elements fixed to the fixed armature side are changed. As can be understood from the above description, a large thrust and high speed movement can be efficiently performed as a three-phase single-wave electric motor, so that one object of the present invention is achieved. However, since there are ripples in the output, problems remain depending on the purpose of use. The above-mentioned problems can be solved by using the three-phase dual-wave power supply.

FIG. 7 is an output curve in the case of three-phase energization, where the horizontal axis shows the movement distance of the actuator and the vertical axis shows the thrust.
Curves 27a, 27b and 27c have armature currents of 1 each
The cases of amperes, 1.5 amps and 2 amps are shown. The horizontal axis is shown by the distance traveled. 7 ripples
It will be about 0%. The concave portion of the thrust curve is the point where the end of the salient pole enters the slot. The output is small at the left end of the curve 27c. Therefore, when the salient pole is in the above position when the power is turned on, it becomes difficult to start. Although a large output can be obtained as described later with reference to FIG. 8, it has the above-mentioned drawbacks. Therefore, the above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated by adding a device capable of obtaining the output shown by the dotted curve 33 by means of the three-phase full-wave energization. This is one purpose of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an output curve, where the horizontal axis is the armature current and the vertical axis is the thrust. The curve 43 initially has a square curve, and thereafter has a square curve. In the case of a general magnet motor, the magnetic flux is saturated at the point of the dotted line 43a and the output torque becomes equal to or less than the dotted line 43a. Since the thrust of the device of the present invention increases linearly thereafter, there is a feature that an output torque that is about seven times that of another magnet electric motor of the same type can be obtained.

In order to add the torque indicated by the dotted line 33 in FIG. 7, a fixed armature or an actuator of three-phase single-wave conduction in which the phases of the salient poles or slots are shifted by ⅓ of the salient pole width may be used. This embodiment is apparent from what has been described above with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, the energization control is performed by the transistors provided at both ends of the armature coil, but the present invention can be implemented by using only one transistor on the negative voltage side of the armature coil. This will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 6, transistors 20a, 20b and 20c are inserted at the lower ends of the armature coils 39a, 39b and 39c, respectively. Transistors 20a, 20b, 20c
Is a switching element and may be another semiconductor element having the same effect. Power is supplied from the DC power source positive / negative terminals 2a and 2b. In this embodiment, since the transistors 20a, 20b, 20c are located at the lower end of the armature coil, that is, the power supply negative electrode side, the input circuit for conduction control thereof is characterized by being simplified.

Next, the details of the armature coil energization control circuit of the device of the present invention by the three-phase full-wave energization explained in FIG. 2 will be explained with reference to FIG. In FIG. 6, terminals 42a, 42b, 4
The position detection signals input from 2c are curves 48a, 48b, ..., Curves 49a, 49b ,.
0a, 50b, ... When there is an input from the terminal 42a, the transistor 20a becomes conductive through the AND circuit 41a and the energization of the armature coil 39a is started. After that, the resistor 22, the absolute value circuit 30a, and the operational amplifier 40b act as a chopper to operate the terminal 40. The energizing current value corresponding to the reference voltage is controlled. When the input to the terminal 42a disappears, the transistor 20a is turned off, and the magnetic energy of the armature coil 39a charges the capacitor 47a via the diodes 21a and 33a to a high voltage. Even when there is a chopper action as described above, the condenser 4
Since 7a is charged, its magnetic energy is added to raise the charging voltage of the capacitor 47a. This voltage must be adjusted according to the withstand voltage of the transistor used.

By inputting the terminal 42b, the transistor 2
Even when 0b is turned on, energization control is performed by the chopper action, and when it is turned off, the magnetic energy of the armature coil 39b charges the capacitor 47b to a high voltage via the diodes 21b and 33b. Even when the transistor 20c is turned on by the input of the terminal 42c, energization control is performed by the chopper action, and when the transistor 20c is turned off, the magnetic energy of the armature coil 39c increases the capacitor 47c via the diodes 21c and 33c. Charge to voltage. At the beginning of the input of the terminal 42c, the block circuit 4
Since the transistors 34b, 34a and the SCR 19a are conducted through the output of (the circuit including the monostable circuit via the differential pulse), the high voltage of the capacitor 47a is applied to the armature coil 39c to make the rise of the current rapid. . The electric pulses obtained at the initial stage of the input of the terminals 42a and 42b are input to the terminals 19d and 19e by the same means. Therefore, the high voltage of the capacitors 47b and 47c is applied to the armature coils 39a and 39b, and the rise of energization is made rapid. As can be understood from the above description, it is possible to obtain a high-efficiency electric motor that is free from the occurrence of counter torque and torque reduction as in the previous embodiment.

The armature coils 39d, 39e, 39f are the armature coils of the first , second and third phases mounted on the fixed armature 16 of FIG. 3, and the block circuit 39 is the armature coil 3
The electric circuit has exactly the same configuration as 9a, 39b, 39c, and energization control is performed by the position detection input of terminals 42d, 42e, 42f. The inputs of the terminals 42d, 42e, 42f are the curves 51a, 51b, ..., The curves 52a, 52b, ..., The curves 53a, 53b ,. Is performed. The armature coils 39d, 39d, 39c,
Since the output due to energization of e and 39f is delayed in phase by 1/2 of the magnetic pole width, the effect of removing the ripple can be obtained as described above with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 9, curves 45a, 45b, ..., Curves 46a, 46b,
..., the position detection signal curves 54a, 54b, ..., 55a, 55b, ..., 56 indicated by dotted lines from the curves 47a, 47b, ...
a, 56b, ... Can be obtained. Curves 54a, 54
.. will be described as an example, the curves 45a, 45b ,.
Are inverted by an inverting circuit, and the curves 46a, 46b, ...
b, ... Can be obtained. The curves 54a, 54b, ...
The curves 55a, 55b, ..., The curves 56a, 56b, ... serve as position detection signals for the first, second, and third phases, respectively, and the energization of the armature coils for the first, second, and third phases is thereby performed. By performing the control, the actuator of the electric motor can be moved in the reverse direction.

[0023]

As compared with the magnet type linear DC motor, the thrust force is several times the same size and the thrust force is not saturated. Therefore, if it is temporary, the armature coil will not be damaged due to heat. A large thrust force proportional to the current can be obtained, and since there is no magnet, it can be manufactured at low cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a fixed armature and an actuator of a three-phase reluctance type linear electric motor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a development view of an actuator, a fixed armature, and an armature coil of a three-phase reluctance type linear electric motor according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an electric circuit diagram for obtaining a position detection signal of a three-phase reluctance type linear motor.

FIG. 4 is a graph of thrust corresponding to a position detection signal.

FIG. 5: Energization control circuit diagram of three-phase reluctance type linear motor

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the energization control circuit of the three-phase reluctance type linear motor.

FIG. 7 is a graph of an output curve of a three-phase reluctance type linear motor.

FIG. 8 is a graph of current and output of a reluctance type linear motor.

FIG. 9: Time chart of position detection signal curve of three-phase reluctance type linear motor

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 1a, 1b, ..., 1a , 1b , ... Actuator and salient poles 4a, 4b, ..., 5a, 5b, ... Guide wheels C, D, 16, 16 , Fixed armatures 16a, 16b, ... Magnetic poles 9a, 9b, ..., 39a, 39b, ... Armature coil 17a, 17b, ... Slot 10a, 10b, 10c Position detection coil 10 Oscillator 18, 14a, 14b Block circuit 30a, 30b, 30c Absolute value circuit 40 Reference voltage terminal

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A first and a second salient poles of a magnetic material, which project laterally on both sides of an elongated flat plate and are arranged in the longitudinal direction with an equal width and spaced from each other by the width, A support device that supports the flat plate so as to linearly slide in the longitudinal direction, and 3n pieces (n is a positive integer) arranged at a distance of 2/3 of the salient pole width on the elongated first fixed armature. ) A slot and 3n first, second, and third mounted in each of two adjacent slots
A third phase armature coil, and a second fixed armature in which the first , second and third phase armature coils are mounted in the slots in exactly the same configuration as the first fixed armature, The magnetic pole faces of the first and second fixed armatures are opposed to the salient pole faces with a slight gap, and the relative positions of the slots of the first and second fixed armatures are shifted to correspond to the corresponding first and second The relative positions of the armature coils of the second and third phases and the armature coils of the first , second and third phases are arranged so as to be shifted by 1/3 of the salient pole width, or these are in-phase. Means for fixing the first and second fixed armatures to the main body by shifting the positions of the first and second salient poles facing each other by 1/3 of the salient pole width, and detecting the moving position of the first salient pole Then, the position detection signal of the first phase separated by 2/3 of the salient pole width and 4/3 of the salient pole width from each other, and the phase of the first phase detection signal is 2 times the salient pole width. / 3 to detect the position detection signal of the second phase and the position detection signal of the third phase lagging the phase by 2/3 of the salient pole width, and the moving position of the second salient pole. 1, the corresponding second, third position detection signal
1, a position detecting device in which the second, to obtain a position detecting signal of the third phase, the first, second, third, first, second, serially connected to the respective armature coils of the third phase A semiconductor switching element, a direct current power source for supplying a series connection of the armature coil and the semiconductor switching, first, second, third and third
Position the semiconductor switching elements connected in series to the armature coils of the first, second, third, first , second , and third phases via the position detection signals of the first , second , and third phases, respectively. An energization control circuit that conducts only the width of the detection signal to energize the armature coil, and when the semiconductor switching element is converted to non-conduction at the end of the position detection signal, from the connection point of the semiconductor switching element and the armature coil. , An electric circuit that rapidly reduces the current flowing through the armature coil by charging and holding the magnetic energy accumulated by the armature coil through a diode into a small-capacity capacitor, When the pole moves and the armature coil to be energized next is energized by the width by the position detection signal, the energization is started and at the same time, the static electricity accumulated in the small-capacity capacitor described above is stored. A three-phase reluctance type linear electric motor, which is configured by an electric circuit that causes electric energy to flow into the armature coil to make a rising of a conduction current rapid. 2. A salient pole of a magnetic body, which projects laterally on one side of an elongated flat plate and is arranged in the longitudinal direction with an equal width and spaced from each other by the width, and the flat plate in the longitudinal direction. Supporting device for slidingly sliding, 3n slots (n is a positive integer) arranged in the elongated fixed armature at a distance of 2/3 of the salient pole width, and two adjacent slots The 3n first, second, and third phase armature coils mounted in the respective slots, and the salient poles facing the magnetic pole faces of the fixed armature with slight gaps therebetween. The holding means and the position detection signal of the first phase which detects the moving position of the salient pole and is separated by 4/3 of the salient pole width from each other by a width of 2/3 of the salient pole width, and the phase from these signals. The position detection signal of the second phase, which is 2/3 of the pole width, and the phase of which is 2/3 of the salient pole width.
A position detection device that obtains a delayed third-phase position detection signal, a semiconductor switching element that is serially connected to each of the armature coils and excitation coils of the first, second, and third phases, and an armature coil , A DC power supply for supplying power to the series connection body of the semiconductor switching element and the exciting coil, and electric machines of the first, second, and third phases via the position detection signals of the first, second, and third phases, respectively. The semiconductor switching element connected in series to the slave coil is connected to the salient pole by the conduction control circuit that conducts the armature coil by conducting the width of the position detection signal and the position detection signal obtained by detecting the salient pole position. An electric circuit is energized from the point where the salient pole enters the magnetic pole, and the energization coil is turned off at the point where the salient pole and the semiconductor switching element are turned off at the end of the position detection signal. From the connection point between the arming coil and the armature coil, the magnetic energy accumulated by the armature coil is charged into and held by a small-capacity capacitor via the diode, and the current flowing through the armature coil is rapidly reduced. When the salient pole is moved by a set distance and the armature coil to be energized next time is energized by the width by the position detection signal, the energization is started at the same time as the small capacity mentioned above. A three-phase reluctance type linear electric motor comprising: an electric circuit for causing the electrostatic energy accumulated in the capacitor of (1) to flow into the armature coil to make the rise of the energization current rapid.