JPH02106192A - Reluctance motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To suppress the occurrence of mechanical vibration due to a magnetic attraction between a radial pole and a salient pole without relation to an output torque by a composition wherein a rotor always receives a unidirectional magnetic attraction without cancelling magnetic attraction. CONSTITUTION:An isolating distance between a pole and an adjacent pole becomes 1.5 times as long as the width of a salient pole. When exciting coils 17a, 17b are conducted, salient poles 1b, 1c are attracted and rotated in a direction of an arrow A. When it is rotated at 90 degrees, the conduction of the coil 17b is stopped and the coil 17d is conducted. Thus, a torque due to a salient pole 1d is generated. Each time a rotor 1 is rotated at 90 degrees, the exciting polarity of the pole is altered cyclically through a pole 16b (S-pole), 16c (N- pole) 16c (N-pole), 16d (S-pole) 16d (S-pole), 16a (N-pole) 16a (N-pole), 16b (S-pole) to rotate as a 2-phase motor. Since the excited two poles are always different in the polarities, leakage magnetic fluxes passing nonexciting poles becomes opposite to prevent a reaction torque from generating.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Field of Application] This motor is used in place of a general DC motor or induction motor. This is a particularly effective technique when used in cases where high speed and high torque are required.

[Conventional technology]

Although there are examples of reluctance type electric motors being used as stepping motors, there are few examples of them being used as drive sources for general equipment like DC motors and induction motors.

In addition, although reluctance type motors have high output, the number of magnetic poles increases and there is no field magnet, so the magnetic energy stored in the magnetic poles is extremely large (it takes time for the energy to enter and exit, and the well-known It is impossible to achieve high speeds like lap-wound multiphase DC motors, and therefore only high-torque, low-speed motors are currently available.

If a rare earth magnet is used as the field magnetic pole in a high-speed, high-torque semiconductor motor that achieves the same purpose, the output torque will be large, but it will be expensive and impractical.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The first problem is that reluctance type electric motors generate a large amount of mechanical vibration and noise due to the mechanical vibration. The details will be described later.

In particular, when the load is high, the above-mentioned drawbacks become correspondingly more pronounced.

The second problem is that reluctance type motors cannot have a large number of phases like general commutator motors.

This is because the semiconductor circuits for each phase are expensive, making them impractical.

Therefore, the magnetic energy stored in each magnetic pole becomes large, and it takes time to release and store it, resulting in high torque but not high speed.

In particular, in the case of a motor with a large output torque or a roughtance type motor, the number of magnetic poles in the armature is large, and the gap in the magnetic path is small, so the stored magnetic energy is large (the above-mentioned disadvantages are exacerbated). .

This problem becomes more difficult to solve as the torque increases.

The third problem is that since the current is applied to each phase at an electrical angle of 0 degrees, the output torque is ineffectively energized at the beginning and end of energization, which degrades efficiency. In particular, losses in the final stage are significant. Therefore, there is a disadvantage that the efficiency is about 10% compared to a three-phase Y-connection electric motor. Further, due to the discharge of the stored magnetic energy, a counter torque is generated, resulting in a disadvantage that the output and efficiency are reduced.

As issue V, 2. In order to solve the third problem, a special excitation current control circuit is required, so there is a problem that the control circuit is expensive. [Means for solving the problem] By having a configuration of poles and magnetic poles,
In the case of a two-phase electric motor, the first problem is solved.

In addition, by making the structure shown in the developed view of Figure (e),
In the case of a three-phase electric motor, the first problem is solved.

In the case of a λ-phase motor, the width of the position detection signal is 9 electrical degrees.
By adopting a position detection means that can be obtained cyclically and continuously without overlapping,
It has good efficiency and can simplify the excitation coil control circuit.

In addition, in the case of a three-phase motor, the position detection signal is expressed as i in electrical angle.
The same effect can be obtained by setting the width to xo degrees and using the same configuration as in the two-phase case.

In both cases, high speed and high torque can be achieved by using the Chiyo 3 circuit and means for setting the excitation current to a set value, so the second and t problems are solved.

In both 2-phase and 3-phase motors, the magnetic pole peak should be about 30 degrees wider in electrical angle than the middle of the salient pole (and the energizing angle should be 1gQ degrees, and the energization should be started from the point where the salient pole begins to enter the magnetic pole). By starting, a highly efficient electric motor can be obtained even if the width of the position detection signal is 180 degrees in electrical angle.

Furthermore, the second and second problems can be solved by using the Teyot/ξ circuit in combination with a means for specifying the excitation current.

Using a high DC power supply that corresponds to the output torque and rotation speed,
By making the excitation current rise steeply and allowing the stored magnetic energy to flow back into the power source, the discharge current is rapidly extinguished. Therefore, the excitation coil can be energized in accordance with the width of the position detection signal curve, and the chopper circuit allows the excitation current to correspond to the reference voltage.
This solves the third problem.

Generally, since the output is 10 watts or more, it is difficult to use a Hall element as a position sensing element. Temperature rise (during operation)
It is for the sake of In order to solve this.

It uses a small coil.

[Effect]

The first effect of the device of the present invention is that, as shown in FIG. 1(a), the occurrence of mechanical vibration due to the magnetic attraction between the radial magnetic poles and the salient poles, which is unrelated to the output torque, is suppressed.

According to a general method, as shown in FIG. 1(b), magnetic poles of the same phase are disposed at symmetrical positions with respect to the rotation axis to cancel the above-mentioned magnetic attraction force.

However, the air gap length between the magnetic pole and the salient pole is 0. / ~ 00.2 mm IJ meters, so during mass production, the gap length becomes an ζ lance and the occurrence of mechanical vibration is unavoidable.

In the device of FIG. 1(a) according to the present invention, the rotor is configured so that the rotor always receives the magnetic attraction force in one direction without canceling the magnetic attraction force, thereby reducing mechanical vibration. At the same time, by such means, the magnetic poles and the number of salient poles can be
Since the number of motors is , it is possible to construct a small electric motor with low output.

The second function of the device of the present invention is as follows. The magnitude of the excitation current for specifying the output torque is independently processed by controlling the magnitude of the excitation current using an inductance without energy loss. Therefore, the large inductance of the magnetic pole is effectively utilized for output torque. The energizing angle of the excitation coil is 90 degrees in electrical angle (in the case of 2 phases) and 1
20 degrees (in the case of 3 phases), so the stored magnetic energy when the excitation coil is de-energized is used to store the magnetic energy of the excitation coil that should be energized next in the next stage. The generation of reduced torque and counter-torque is prevented, and a high-speed, high-torque electric motor can be obtained.

Furthermore, since the energization section of each exciting coil is the section where the maximum torque is generated, efficiency is increased and the energization control circuit for the excitation coil is simplified.

It has a wide air angle of about 30 degrees.

Since energization is started at the point where the salient pole enters the magnetic pole, there is little generation of counter-torque, and efficiency is not degraded (and a high-speed, high-torque electric motor can be obtained).

The third effect of the device of the present invention is that the above-mentioned position detection signal is generated, so the position detection device can have a simple configuration with two or three coils, and is more heat resistant than a Hall element. You get something.

The first advantage of the device of the present invention is that since the rotor is composed only of a laminate of silicon steel plates, it will not be damaged by centrifugal force, unlike sintered magnets, even during high-speed rotation.

〔Example〕

Next, details of an embodiment according to the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 1(a) and subsequent figures. Components with the same symbols in each drawing represent the same members, so duplicate explanations will be omitted.

FIG. 1(a) is a plan view of the salient poles of the rotor, the magnetic poles of the fixed armature, and the excitation coil of the co-phase reluctance type electric motor according to the present invention. All angles shown below are in electrical angles.

In Fig. 1(a), the symbol l is a rotor, and its salient pole l
The width of a, lb, . . . is 180 degrees, and they are arranged at equal pitches with a phase difference of 360 degrees.

The rotor 1 is made by known means of laminating silicon steel plates. The fixed armature /6 has a magnetic pole /Aa.

/Ab, /Ac, /Ad are arranged at equal separation angles with a width of 1 gO degree. The widths of the salient pole and the magnetic pole are equal at 180 degrees. The number of salient poles is 5, and the number of magnetic poles is ≠.

FIG. 5(a) is a developed view of the reluctance type co-phase motor of FIG. 1(a).

Coils Ia and gb in Fig. 1 (a) have salient poles /a, /b,
It is a position detection element for detecting the position of... It is fixed to the fixed armature side at the position shown in the figure, and the coil surface has a gap on the side of the salient poles /a, /b *... They are facing each other through.

Coils fa and b are in the (/♂0+deO) transformation state.

Coils ♂a and J'b are air-core with a diameter of about 100 turns in millimeters.

FIG. 2(b) shows a device for obtaining position detection signals from coils ra and rb. In FIG. 2(b), coils Ia, Ib, resistors 15a, /jb, /jC form a bridge circuit. Symbol 7 is an oscillation circuit whose output frequency is about 1-j megacycles.

Coils ♂a and J'b are air-core coils fixed to the fixed armature side, and when they face the salient poles /a, /b, etc. in Fig. 1(a), their impedance decreases due to eddy current loss. becomes small, and the voltage drop across the resistance /ja becomes large.

When the coil Ja faces the salient pole, an electrical signal smoothed by a low noise ξ filter made up of a diode rl/a and a capacitor 12a is input to the + terminal of the operational amplifier /Ja.

The positive voltage drop across the resistor 75 is also converted into a direct current by a low noise filter consisting of a diode //b and a capacitor /2b, and an electrical signal is input to one terminal of the operational amplifier /ja. Since the bridge circuit is adjusted to be balanced when the coil fa does not face the salient pole, there is no output from the operational amplifier /Ja at this time.

When the coil za faces the salient pole, the operational amplifier /, 7a
The output is a rectangular wave with a width of /0 degrees, and this signal is the curve Ja in the time chart of FIG.

Jb, . . .

The differentials and ξ ruses of the starting points of the curves 2ja, 2Sb, .

The output through the inverting circuit is dJ2Aa, 2A b
, . . . and the differentiation through the differentiation circuit 'xb is shown as a curve C9 .

Similarly, when the coil za b faces the salient pole, the resistance 15
The voltage drop of d is smoothed to DC, and the voltage drop of au pair 7-j'/3
Since it is input to the child terminal of b, the operational amplifier 13b
The high level outputs of curves 27a and 27b in FIG.
,..., and the output via the inverting circuit is curve 2
Zasu, 2zasu, etc. Differential circuit gc.

The differential pulse through l/ld is lis,... and lid
.

...becomes...

Frizzo flop circuit Otsua (hereinafter referred to as 2 circuits).

) is in the interval between the differential and ξ raster a and b, so the curve in FIG. 5≠/a.

! /b,...

The output of the Q terminal of the F circuit 6b is the differential pulse generator b in FIG.
Since it is the section between C and C, it is the curve u2a.

To radiate, to become...

The outputs of the Q terminals of the F circuits 4c and 4d are the differential nodal ξ raster c
Interval and differential between Tori d and Gurus! Since it is the section between Pd and e, each curve <t3a+≠3b,...
・And curved hoko a, hokosu, etc.

The outputs of the terminals 7a, 7b, 7c, and 7d are the outputs of the F circuits 4a+Ab, &c, and Aa, respectively.
There is also a method of obtaining the same output signal as b,... using an AND circuit, but according to such a method, the curve! A/a and lA
, 2a, a time gap occurs between the curves a and 'AJa, and the curve ≠ 3a and the curve a, which causes the inconvenience of uncertain startup.

Next, the electric circuit of FIG. 70(a) sends the position detection signals of +, . . . to the terminals 7a and 7 described above to
)'s excitation coils /7a, /7b, . . . will be explained below.

The outputs of the terminals 7a, 7b, -, 7d are input to the - terminals /za, /zasu, ... /zad in Figure 70. Coil/7a/7
b, /7c, /7d are shown.

Reluctance type electric motors have the following drawbacks.

First, as shown by the dotted line curve 3/ in the time chart of Fig. 7, the torque is extremely thick (at the beginning when the salient pole begins to oppose the magnetic pole) and becomes small (at the end). There are drawbacks including: The following methods are effective in eliminating such drawbacks.

FIG. 3 illustrates a state in which a magnetic attraction force is generated between the salient pole /a and the magnetic pole /Aa.

The width of the salient pole /a (width in the vertical direction of the drawing) is wider than the width of the magnetic pole /Aa.Since the other salient poles and magnetic poles have the same configuration, the salient pole /a and the magnetic pole 16a, its output torque will be explained.

The torque that drives the protrusion i/a in the direction of arrow A is the magnetic flux shown by arrow J and dotted line arrow. This size is large when the facing area of the salient pole /a and the magnetic pole /Aa is small, that is, at the beginning, and becomes small at the final stage. Therefore, the output torque becomes asymmetrical. For example, it becomes a curve 31 in FIG. However, the lines of magnetic force indicated by the arrows N and L are small in the initial stage and increase in the final stage, so that the torque increases more in the final stage than in the initial stage when the two face each other.

Therefore, the output torque curve becomes approximately symmetrical, and becomes the curve at point ffM30 in FIG.

Since the same means is adopted between the other salient poles and the magnetic poles, the output torque is also symmetrical. Second, there is a drawback that efficiency deteriorates.

The excitation current curve is as shown by curve 2C in FIG.

At the beginning of energization, the current value is small due to the inductance of the armature coil, and becomes even smaller in the center due to the back electromotive force. In the final stage, the back electromotive force is small, so it rises rapidly,
It will be like song 829. This final peak value is equal to the current value at startup. In this section, since there is no output torque, there is only a joule loss, which has the disadvantage of greatly reducing efficiency. Since the curve 29 has a width of 1 gO degree, the magnetic energy is discharged as at point 1J9a, and this becomes a counter-torque, further deteriorating the efficiency.

Thirdly, when the output torque is increased, that is, when the number of salient poles and magnetic poles is increased and the excitation current is increased, there is a drawback that the rotation speed becomes significantly smaller.

Generally, in a reluctance type electric motor, in order to increase the output torque, the number of magnetic poles and salient poles shown in Figure 1 fa) is increased,
It is also necessary to reduce the opposing gap between the two. At this time, if the rotational speed is maintained at the required value, the rising slope of the excitation current becomes relatively gentle due to the magnetic energy accumulated in the magnetic poles /Aa, /6b, etc. in Fig. 1(a), and Even if the current is cut off, the time for the discharge current due to the magnetic beam to disappear is relatively extended, and therefore a large counter torque is generated.

Due to these circumstances, the peak value of the excitation current value becomes small (and counter torque is also generated, so the rotational speed becomes a small value).

Thirdly, each magnetic pole /Aa, /Ab, . . . is wound with an excitation coil /7a, /7b, . If the distance between adjacent magnetic poles is small, it becomes difficult to attach an excitation coil with a required ampere turn to the excitation coil, and copper loss increases.

In the device of the present invention, as shown in Figures 3 and 4 (a), the distance between the magnetic poles and the adjacent magnetic poles is /,j times the protrusion width, so the above-mentioned drawbacks are completely eliminated. It is something that will be done.

In FIG. 1(a) and its developed view, FIG. , which is fixed to an outer casing (not shown) and serves as an armature. The part with symbol /6 is the magnetic core which becomes the magnetic path.

Magnetic poles /Aa, /Ab, - have excitation coils /7
a, /7b, . . . are wrapped.

A rotating shaft ♂ is rotatably supported by a bearing provided in the outer casing, and a rotor is fixed to the rotating shaft ♂.

On the outer periphery of the rotor, there are salient poles /a, /b,...
are provided, and magnetic poles /6a, //lb, - and 0. /
They face each other with a gap of about 0.2 mm between them.

The rotor/is also made by the same means as the armature 16.

The number of salient poles is j, which is equal to 5, and has a separation angle equal to the width. The width of the magnets i3/Aa, /6b, . . . is equal to that of the salient poles, and j pieces are arranged at equal pitches.

First, the /10 degree width 0 position detection signal, that is, the curve of FIG.
! ja, 15b, -, 2Aa, 2Ab, -, 2
7a, 27b.

. . , 2 zas, 2 zas, . . . The well-known excitation coil energizing means will be explained.

When the excitation coils /7b, /7c are energized, the salient poles lb,
/c is attracted and rotates in the direction of arrow A.

When rotated by q0 degrees, the excitation coil /71) is de-energized and the excitation coil /7d is energized, so that a torque is generated by the salient pole ld.

Every time the rotor l rotates 10 degrees, the excitation polarity of the magnetic poles becomes magnetic pole 1xb (s pole), /AC (north pole) -+7b c (N
pole), 16a (s pole) - +1Aa (s pole), /Aa('
N pole) - +16a (N pole), /AI) (S pole) → and rotates as a λ-phase motor.

Since the two excited magnetic poles are always different in polarity, the leakage magnetic fluxes passing through the non-excited magnetic poles are in opposite directions, and the generation of counter torque is prevented.

Next, excitation coils /7a and /7b in this example
.

In FIG. 70(a), M indicates the exciting coils /7a and /7c in FIG. 1(,), respectively. In the excitation coil, transistors 4'6a, uAb, 'AAc, and 'AAd are inserted at both ends of M, respectively. Transistors IAAa, 'AAb, 116
c, Q-1, and d serve as switching elements, and may be other semiconductor elements having the same effect.

Excitation coils R and S indicate excitation coils /7b and /7d. Transistors '+'Ae, 4'Af, and <t(, g, 'AAh) are connected to both ends of the excitation coils R and S.

Power is supplied from the DC power supply positive and negative terminals 10a and 10b, as shown in the bottom row. ) is input, the transistor ψA
a and 'AAb conduct, and the excitation current increases as shown by the one-dot line/<4a. Since the excitation coil has a large inductance, the start-up is slow.

When the voltage rises to the set value, the voltage drop across the resistor 2o (input at the ten terminal of the operational amplifier n) exceeds the voltage at the reference voltage terminal 2μ, so the output of the operational amplifier becomes high level and the transistor 2/ becomes non-conductive.

When the output of the operational amplifier power energizes the NPN transistor and obtains the base current of the transistor 2/, the connection between the + and - terminals of the operational amplifier power is reversed.

Therefore, the excitation current flows and decreases due to the voltage of the capacitor n. When it decreases by a predetermined value, the output of the operational amplifier J changes to a low level due to the hysteresis characteristic of the operational amplifier J, and the transistor I becomes conductive again, so that the excitation current increases.

Such a cycle of increase and decrease is shown as point +1iJJ7a. When the input to terminal /za disappears, the magnetic energy stored in the excitation coil becomes diode r<'? b, 4A7a
The capacitor n is charged through the capacitor n, but at this time, the position detection signal a'A2a is input to the terminal /zab,
Since four transistors 4ZA0.4'Af are connected, they are used to store the magnetic energy of the excitation coil R.

Therefore, the current drop indicated by the dotted line /qa becomes rapid, and the point i14! The current b also increases rapidly.

When the dotted line /qa falls more than c degrees, counter torque is generated, and when the dotted line /qa rises slowly, torque decreases.

Therefore, the rotational speed decreases and the efficiency also deteriorates. If the torque is high, the inductance will be large and the speed will be low.

According to this embodiment, when the power supply voltage is increased, the excitation current rises and falls rapidly, so that a high-speed, high-torque electric motor can be obtained.

The dotted line 37b indicates the transistor 21. It shows the excitation current caused by a chopper circuit with a capacitor n and an operational amplifier n.

At the end of curve IA2a, transistors 1A6e and Hiro6f
becomes non-conductive, the exciting current drops as shown by the dotted line /q1), and due to the electric signal of the curve 4Lja input from the terminal /ZA, the transistor! Ac,←6d is conductive, and the rise of the current flowing through the exciting coil M is shown by the dotted line C.

At this time, an electric signal with one curve a is input to the terminal /gd, and the transistors /JAg and ψ6h become conductive.

Excitation coil S is energized. Currents of the excitation coils M and S are omitted and not shown.

The characteristics of the drop and rise of the current at the boundaries of each curve IA2a, ≠3a, . . . are exactly the same, so their explanation will be omitted.

Corresponding to the torque curve, the coil ♂ in Fig. 5(a)
By adjusting the positions of a and rb, efficiency and output torque can be increased.

The current-carrying section of the excitation coil is larger than 90 degrees, and the fifth
Arrows in the diagram 'As a, 'As b, 'As c
, 'As d.

Therefore, the magnetic attraction force in the radial direction of the salient pole and the magnetic pole is sequentially
Arrow vector koa-+21)-+lC→ in FIG. 1(a)
Therefore, the rotating shaft g rotates while being pressed against a bearing (a ball bearing, not shown) from the direction.

Therefore, vibration during rotation is suppressed, and one of the drawbacks of the reluctance motor described above is eliminated.

/Generally, a two-phase motor requires two circuits for each phase, but according to this embodiment, only one chopper circuit such as an operational amplifier 1.1 and a run raster 21 is required, and the control circuit is It has the characteristic of being simplified.

The output torque is controlled by the reference voltage, and the rotation speed is
Since it can be controlled by applied voltage, it can be a high-speed motor, eliminating the drawbacks of this type of motor mentioned above. A chopper circuit can also be configured by controlling the conduction of the transistors Ab, tAAf, 4'/, d, and 4'Ah by the output of the operational amplifier J, and the same purpose can be achieved. In this case, transistor 2/
is removed, and the capacitor n becomes unnecessary. Daio) 3
/ is not necessarily necessary.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 1(b) and its development diagram (c) will be described.

As mentioned above, the embodiment shown in Fig. 1(a) does not generate mechanical vibration during rotation, but when a large output is used, the pressing force between the rotating shaft and the bearing increases, causing damage to the ball bearing. There is an inconvenience that the service life is short and practicality is lost. In order to prevent this problem, generally the magnetic poles that are excited in the same phase are
A set of two is arranged at symmetrical positions with respect to the rotation axis to provide a radial magnetic attraction force. However, the air gap between the magnetic pole and the salient pole is 0. /~0.2 mm, so it is a difficult technique to rotate while maintaining this accuracy.

Maintaining mechanical precision can reduce mechanical vibration to a practical level.

The above-mentioned means in which the present invention is implemented is shown in FIG. 1(b).
is shown.

In Fig. 1(b), the symbol / is the rotor, and its salient pole /
The width of a, /b*... is 710 degrees, and they are arranged at equal pitches with a phase difference of 31.0 degrees.

The rotor and stationary armature/6 are made by known means of laminating silicon steel plates. On the fixed armature /6, magnetic poles /Aa, /Ab, /6c, /Ad, -=, /Ah have a width of /♂θ degree and are arranged at a predetermined separation angle. The widths of the salient pole and the magnetic pole are made equal at 710 degrees.

The number of salient poles is 10, and the number of magnetic poles is ♂. The symbol ♂ is the rotation axis.

FIG. q (C) is a developed diagram based on the reluctance type phase shown in FIG. 1 (b).

The coils fa and fb in Fig. 1 (C) are ffl/a
l is a position detection element for detecting the position of /b, . . 1 It is fixed to the side of the fixed armature 16 at the position shown in the figure, and the coil surface is the side surface of the salient poles /a, /b, . are opposite to each other with a gap between them. Coil ta, J'b is (/♂0+9
0) I have a deformity.

Next, members with the same symbols in FIG. 1(b) and FIG. 1(C) will be explained. First, a well-known means for controlling energization of an excitation coil using co-phase position detection signals (electrical signals having a width of 120 degrees with a phase difference of 10 degrees) obtained from coils ♂a and ♂b will be described.

When the excitation coils /7b, /7f, /7c, /7g are energized, the salient poles /b, /g, /c, /h are attracted and rotate in the direction of arrow A.

When rotated by qo degrees, the excitation coils /7b and /7f are de-energized and the excitation coils /7tl and /7h are energized, so that torque is generated by the salient poles /d and /i.

The arrow 5-a indicates the excitation polarity which is rotated by qo degrees from the illustrated state, and the magnetic pole /Ab, /6c is the N pole, and the magnetic pole /Af.

16g becomes the south pole. The purpose of such polar magnetization is to reduce counter torque due to leakage of magnetic flux.

During the next 90 degree rotation, that is, during the arrow 5ttb, each magnetic pole becomes the N and S polarities shown. The symbol O indicates non-excitation.

The next 90 degree rotation, the next 90 degree rotation is outside the arrow c,
It is magnetized to a polarity between 54 cd.

Due to the above-mentioned excitation, the rotor / rotates in the direction of arrow A and becomes a λ-phase electric motor.

The width between each magnetic pole is 1.3 times that of the salient pole, so
The space in which the excitation coil is installed is larger than in the case of a general glue roughtance type indoor motor, and thick electric wires can be used, which has the effect of reducing copper loss and increasing efficiency.

Each magnetic pole is axially symmetrical and is energized at the same time, so
The magnetic attraction force in the radial direction against the opposing salient poles is undone and disappears, which has the characteristic of reducing the occurrence of mechanical vibrations. Since the number of magnetic poles that generate rotational torque is doubled compared to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1(a), the output torque is doubled.

In Figure 1O (a), M is the excitation coil /7a, /7e and /7c, /7g in Figure 1C.
The two sets of excitation coils are connected in series or in parallel.

In the excitation coil, a transistor ψ is installed at both ends of M.
Aa+IA6b and tA6c, 44Ad are inserted. Excitation coils R and S are excitation coils /'/b and /'If and excitation coils /7d and / of Fig. 1 (c), respectively.
7h are connected in series or in parallel, and energization is controlled by transistors 'fiAe, fl, f, HiroAg, and 4'Ah.

As in the previous embodiment, the position detection signal curve IA/a in FIG.
.

G/b, . . . and curve IA2a, hisu, . . . and curve uJa.

tA,? b,..., and curved hoko a, b,...
・are respectively entered.

Therefore, the energization control of each excitation coil is performed in exactly the same manner as in the previous embodiment, and the effects thereof are also the same, so a description thereof will be omitted.

As mentioned above, when the energization of the excitation coil is controlled using a position detection signal with a width of 180 degrees, when the energization is cut off, the stored magnetic energy is released, and all the energization caused by this becomes a counter-torque, resulting in a decrease in efficiency. However, there is an inconvenience that high speed cannot be achieved, which makes it impractical.

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages, if the current is started about 30 degrees before the point where the salient poles begin to oppose the magnetic poles, the above-mentioned counter torque becomes a positive torque and the disadvantages are eliminated, but the following disadvantages occur: do.

Figure 4 (for the case of al; i, 2d, l).

The excitation coil /7c is energized to a degree of tro. At this time, when the right end of the salient pole /C coincides with the dotted line B advanced by 70 degrees, energization of the exciting coil /7c is started, but almost no output torque is generated. At this time,
Since the left end of the protrusion is located at a point that coincides with the dotted line C, there is a problem in that a counter torque is generated, which causes vibration and reduced torque. Efficiency also deteriorates. In order to eliminate this inconvenience, in the device of the present invention, the width of the magnetic pole /Ac is set to (/♂o +3o).
The center of the magnetic pole is widened so that the position of the dotted line B is the left end of the magnetic pole /Ac. All other magnetic poles are also widened by 30 degrees to the left.

Therefore, the section where the right end of the salient pole /c rotates by 30 degrees from the point #iiB has a positive torque, which cancels out the counter torque caused by the salient pole /d described above, which has the effect of eliminating the inconvenience.

A developed view of the salient poles and magnetic poles by the above-mentioned means is shown in Fig.
is shown. Magnetic poles /Aa and /6b in Fig. v (a).

..., the magnetic poles with the same symbol in Fig. 1 (b) are wider by 30 degrees to the left (if it is a fixed value, it may be slightly changed from 30 degrees).

The developed view in Fig. ≠ (d) is a developed view in which the width of the magnetic pole in Fig. 1 (cl) is widened by 30 degrees to the left, and the same purpose can be achieved.

Next, Fig. ψ (b
) The current-carrying side of the motor will be explained.

Fig. 1O (bl) indicates the excitation coil, M indicates the excitation coils /7a and /7c of Fig. 5(b), respectively;
Transistors on both ends! Aa, 4'-6
b, transistors Q-bc, and HiroAd are inserted.

Power is supplied from DC power supply positive and negative terminals 10a and 10b.

The block circuit H includes excitation coils R and S, that is, an excitation coil/
This circuit has exactly the same configuration as the energization control circuit of M for the above-mentioned excitation coil for controlling energization of 7b and /7d.

Position detection signal curve 8a, Δ in FIG. 7, which is the same as the position detection signal with the same symbol in FIG. 5 (obtained by the same means)
b, . . . and curves 26a, 26a, . . . are shown in Fig. 10 (
Input from terminals /zaa and /zab of b), curve 27a
, 27b, --... and curves 2zaa, 2zab, --...
is terminal/gc.

/zad, respectively.

The position detection signal curve 2ja is applied to the terminal/za in Figure 10(b).
When inputted, the transistors Wabi a and '16 b become conductive, and the inductance increases as shown by the dotted line curve 31Aa in the time chart of FIG.

Therefore, the excitation current also increases, and the resistance Ja in Fig. 70 fb)
When the voltage drop is small and lower than the voltage at the reference positive voltage terminal 2t, the output of the operational amplifier 2ja is at a low level, and the transistor 2/a is conductive.

However, when the voltage at the reference positive voltage terminal 2t is exceeded, the input voltage at the child terminal of the operational amplifier la exceeds that at one terminal, so that the output of the operational amplifier Ja becomes a noise level, rendering the transistor 2/a non-conductive.

Therefore, the exciting current is supplied from the capacitor, 2Ja, and #
Extinct. When the voltage drop across the resistor 20a, which serves as the excitation current detection means, reaches a predetermined value determined by the hysteresis characteristics of the operational amplifier Ja, the output of the operational amplifier 23a becomes low level again, and the transistor 2/a becomes conductive, causing the excitation current to increase. increase Therefore, the voltage drop across resistor 20a also increases.

When the voltage drop across resistor 20a exceeds the voltage across terminal 2, transistor 2/a turns non-conducting.

By repeating this cycle, the exciting current 36a, 3
1°b is regulated by the voltage of terminal 2≠ and includes sol. That is, chopper control is performed.

The above-mentioned energization control section is shown as an arrow IA2a in FIG.

At the end of the curve 1a, the transistors Aa and 4'Ab become non-conductive, so the magnetic energy accumulated in the excitation coil K is transferred to the diode 1A7b, the resistor 20a, and the diode t.
Capacitor Ua is charged via 7a.

Since the capacitor Ua has the same voltage as the power supply positive voltage terminal /□a, the magnetic energy disappears rapidly, so that the q-n and the excitation current become as shown by the dotted line curve 33a in FIG.

The torque due to energization in song #113ja is generally a counter torque, and the song! If the rise of -74'a is delayed, the torque will be reduced.

For the above-mentioned reasons, reluctance-type electric motors have the advantage of large output torque, but have the aforementioned disadvantage of not being able to operate at high speeds, making them unpractical.9 According to the present embodiment,
The torque is higher than that of the well-known roughtance type electric motor, and by increasing the power supply voltage, the rise of the curve 31Aa becomes rapid and the width of the curve 33a can be made small. It has the characteristic that it can be used in combination to achieve high speed.

Since the output torque is determined only by the voltage at the reference positive voltage terminal J, high speed can be achieved by increasing the voltage at the power supply voltage terminal lOa.

Terminal lzab in Figure 1O(b) has curve 2Aa in Figure 7.
Since the electric signal is inputted, the excitation current is controlled in the same way as in the case described above. Transistor QAc,'
The excitation current of the excitation coil M due to the conduction of lAd rises like the dotted line gstzb, and curves lfM21. At the end of a, the excitation current decreases as at point 1WJ5b. The magnetic energy at this time charges the capacitor Ua via the diode care c and 97d.

The effect is exactly the same as in the case of energizing the excitation coil.

The thick line portions in FIG. 6 indicate the boundaries of each position signal curve.

The dashed dotted line 37 indicates energization for control by turning on and off the transistor 2/a, and the dashed dotted line 3g indicates
Chiyono ξ due to transistor 2/b and capacitor ub
Indicates control energization.

Dotted lines 3qa and 39b are position detection signals J, respectively.
? 3A shows the rise and fall curves of the excitation current when the excitation coil R (excitation coil 17b) is energized.

According to the well-known energization control means of a reluctance motor, the current in the descending part at the end of energization based on the valley position detection signal is 1y! after the magnetic pole and the salient pole completely oppose each other. There is an inconvenience that the current is turned on when it escapes from the Ii pole, resulting in a counter-torque.

In this embodiment, the coils ♂a and ♂b in Fig. 3(b) are fixed at the magnetic poles with a phase advance of about 30 degrees to the left from their conventional positions.9 Therefore, for example, the salient poles /C Exciting coil /7c is energized at dotted line B, which is the position where is moved 30 degrees to the left, and 18
The point where the 0 degree energization ends is the dotted line C.

Therefore, after the dotted line C, the dotted lines 33a, 35 in FIG.
Since the energization of b is performed, there is no generation of counter torque, which has the effect of eliminating the above-mentioned disadvantages.

The energization by the coil rb is performed in the same manner, and the effect is also the same.

The width of the arrow '/-2b in FIG. 6, that is, the width of the rise and fall portions of the excitation current, can be controlled by the voltages of the DC power supplies 10a and 1Ob, so that the phase of the position detection signal is advanced so that counter torque does not occur. It is necessary to increase the power supply voltage corresponding to the 30 degree angle.

Since the energization of M to the excitation coil is continuous energization when viewed from the power supply side, this is called energization of the A-phase excitation coil. The excitation coils R and S of other phases are connected to terminals/circles.
,/zad, the curve in Figure 7 which is the position detection signal! 7a
, 27b, exit and curved line a, 2 points.

... is input and executed. The circuit for controlling the energization of the excitation coils R and S is the same as the circuit for controlling the energization of the excitation coils M, so it is shown as a block circuit H, and its operation and effect are also the same.

Since the armature coils R and S are energized continuously, this is called the B-phase energization mode.

Songs 1j3-za, 3xb, ... in Figure 7 are A
The output torque curve due to energization of the excitation coil of the phase, and the output torque curve due to the excitation coil of the B phase are curve f7JJ a
, 33b.

...becomes... The properties of the A-phase and B-phase current flow pull current (pulsating current) are the capacitances of capacitors a and Ωb.

Since it changes depending on the excitation current and the inductance of the excitation coil, it needs to be changed depending on the characteristics of the motor.

As can be understood from the above description, when the power source is AC, when it is rectified by a diode bridge to obtain DC power, and smoothed by a capacitor to obtain positive and negative voltages at the terminals 10a, 10b, the terminals 10a, Since there is no problem even if the voltage of 10b is large or has a sol voltage, the smoothing capacitor of the power supply has a small capacity, and is characterized in that it can be made small and inexpensive.

The width of the torque curve in FIG. 7 is wider than the IGO degree, and since positive torque and counter torque occur at the same time, there is a slight delay in the rise as shown.

Operational amplifier in Fig. 10(b), ZJ a, :L3b
On the output side of , there is a differential circuit 2J c shown by a dotted line, 2. j
The same purpose can be achieved by inserting d and monostable circuit cut a, 4Jb.

When the excitation current in the excitation coil or M increases,
When the input voltage at the ten terminals of the operational amplifier 8a is lower than that at the one terminal, the output of the monostable circuit a is at a low level, so the transistor 2/a becomes conductive and the excitation current increases.

When the excitation current increases and the input voltage at the ten terminals of the operational amplifier 23a exceeds that at the single terminal, the output of the operational amplifier 2Ja becomes high level, and the differential and By energizing the monostable circuit Ua, a high-level output with a short duration can be obtained.

Therefore, the transistor 21a becomes non-conductive only during the output period, and the excitation current becomes the discharge current of the capacitor na.

When the excitation current decreases by the set value, the output of the monostable circuit /ma returns to low level, so the transistor 2
/a becomes conductive and the excitation current increases.

Next, when the output of the operational amplifier 2.3a becomes high level, the output of the monostable circuit 4Qa becomes an erase level for a set time, the transistor 2/a becomes non-conductive, and the excitation current decreases.

This becomes a Chokno ξ circuit that repeats this cycle.

The excitation current has a value corresponding to the voltage at the terminal μ of the reference voltage source. The on/off operation of the transistor U/1) by the operational amplifier 2Jb, the differential circuit ud, and the monostable circuit mb is exactly the same, and the energization control of the excitation coils R and S is performed in the same manner. Operational amplifier n a , 2. By reducing the hysteresis characteristic of j b, the differentiator circuit 2. j c
, 23d can be removed.

As can be understood from the above explanation, the same purpose can be achieved as a chiyoso dual circuit.

This is an effective technique because the monostable circuits 39a and 3qb can be set to be in the output mode depending on the switching characteristics of the transistors J/a and 2/b.

When the rotor l in Fig. ≠ (b) rotates in the direction of arrow A, the output torque curves are curves 32a and 33a + in Fig. 7.
It changes as 3-Z b * 33 b * .

At this time, the area where the magnetic attraction force is present, which is unrelated to the output torque in the radial direction between the magnetic pole and the salient pole, is indicated by arrow 3a.

31b, Jlc, etc. Therefore, two sets of magnetic attraction forces are always generated in a superimposed manner, so that the rotating shaft g rotates while being pressed by the bearing in one direction. Therefore, since there is no point where the pressing force becomes zero, there is no vibration and the generation of mechanical noise is effectively suppressed.

Other functions and effects are the same as those in the previous embodiment. ・Figure io (bl
and M to the excitation coils /7a, /7e and /7c of FIG. μ, respectively.

/7g, and excitation coils R and S are excitation coils /71)
.

/7f and excitation coil l'ld, /')h, exactly the same energization control is performed, and the effect is also shown in Fig. μ(
Since this is the same as in case b), the explanation will be omitted. The disadvantage is that vibration increases a little, but the advantage is that the output torque increases.

Next, a case where the present invention is implemented in a three-phase electric motor will be explained.

Figure ≠(e) is a developed view of the salient poles and magnetic poles of a three-phase electric motor, and the excitation coil wound around them.

On the rotor /, salient poles /a, /b, . . . g are arranged with equal width and equal pitch.

The fixed armature /6 facing the salient pole has a magnetic pole /6a.

/Ab, . . . 6 are provided at equal separation angles.

The rotor/stationary armature 16 is made by the same means as in the previous embodiment. The magnetic pole peak is 30 degrees larger than the salient pole. The plan view is not shown because it is similar to FIG. 1 (at).

The coils ♂a, fb, and rc, which serve as position detection elements, are (60+
l♂O) The salient poles /a, /b, .

The electric circuit that obtains the position detection signal from the coil fa is the second electric circuit.
This is shown in Figure (a).

In FIG. 2(a), the coil fa and the resistance /! ;a
, /! ;b, /3c become a bridge circuit, and the coil f
2 of operational amplifier 13 when a is not facing the salient pole.
The two inputs are made equal. Nabi No. 7 is
/-3 megacycle oscillator. When coil ♂a faces the salient pole, impedance decreases due to eddy current loss,
Since the voltage drop across the resistor /Sa increases, the output at the terminal ja becomes high level, and as the rotor / rotates, a small wave with a width of /0 degrees is obtained. Symbol //a, /2a
, //b, /2b are low-pass filters.

The output of the terminal ja becomes a first phase position detection signal. The coils rb and Ic also have the same electrical circuit configuration,
Second phase and third phase position detection signals can be obtained.

1st. The 180 degree width position detection signals of the first and third phases overlap each other by 60 degrees.

In the time chart of Fig. 7, 1. Second. The third phase position detection signal is curve 3; Aa, ! ;Ab.

...and curves 57a, S7b, -- and curves!
;ga, 31b.

...It is shown closed. The energization control circuit based on the position detection signal is the one shown in FIG. 10(a) with the member surrounded by point iT removed.

In Figure 1O (,), terminals lzaa, /gb, /zaC
The position detection signal curves 5Aa, 5/:b, .
... and curve 57a, S7b, ... and curve 5zaa
, Mb, - are input.

In the excitation coils, R and M are excitation coils /7a, /7d and excitation coils /7b, /7e in FIG. 1(e), respectively.
and excitation coils /7c and /7f.

The seven excitation coils included in R and M are connected in series or in parallel, and the first... It constitutes the excitation coil of the second and third phases.

When there is an input to terminal 1ga, transistor 'AAa, ψ
6b is turned on, the excitation coil K is energized by the width of the curve S6a in the time chart of FIG. The chopper action by the transistor p2i and the capacitor U at this time is the same as in the case explained using the figure.

Position detection signal curve 57a at terminal /gb, /zaC,,! ;
, ra are input, transistors 'tAe, '14f and transistor Q-6c are connected by their widths.
, I/-Ad conduct, and the excitation coils R and M are energized as shown by the dotted lines.

The chopper action in this case is performed in the same way, but the resiliency current is omitted and not shown.

Due to the above-mentioned energization, the rotor l in Fig. ψ (e) moves in the direction of arrow A.
It is driven in the direction and rotates with a three-phase electric motor.

Since the arrows 3Ja and 53b in Figure 1 overlap, the currents from both flow through the resistor J in Figure 1A (a), and therefore the current curve for both does not form as shown. The added value corresponds to the voltage at the reference voltage terminal 2hiro. That is, the arrow j in Figure 2, ? a.

The current at the 3 Jb portion is % of the curve shown.

The above-mentioned situation means that the curve s? The same applies to the portion where a and the curve Sga overlap.

Therefore, there is an effect of reducing the output torque ripple during rotation. The torque curves due to R and MK in the excitation coil are shown in Figure 2, respectively, curves≠9a, 'A9b,
'A9c. Curve≠9a.

The reason why the rising part of ψ9b4qc is delayed is shown in Fig.
As explained in e), this is because the magnetic pole peak is 30 degrees wider than the inside of the salient pole, and by this means, as in the previous embodiment, counter torque is generated at the point where the salient pole begins to enter the magnetic pole. can be prevented.

Other effects are the same as in the previous embodiment.

Next, another embodiment of the three-phase motor will be explained.

The rotor l and its salient pole /a in this case.

/b,... are the same symbols as in Figure 1 (e),
Fixed armature magnetic poles /Aa, /6b, -, /6f
have the same symbols as in FIG. 7(e).

The width of each magnetic box is 180 degrees, and the excitation coil is 7a.

/7b, . . . , /7f are wound around each magnetic pole as shown.

The rotor B, which is made by pressing an aluminum plate that rotates synchronously with the rotor, has a protrusion Ra.

IAgb, ..., ψgh are provided, and the protruding portion a,
Hiro gb.

The width of ... is equal to /2 (7 degrees).

The coils fa, Irb, and fc are connected to the coils ra and .

It has the same configuration as ♂C, with the protruding part a at the position shown in the figure.
4. The impedance is reduced due to eddy current loss when facing the sides. Coils ffa, ♂b, and zaC are mutually (to 11♂O).

The means for obtaining position detection signals with a width of 12 c degrees from the coils Ia, rb, and ♂C can be obtained by the same circuit as shown in FIG. 2(a). In this case, replace coil ra with fills Ia, Ib, and Ic. ~1° With coils ξa, fb, and ♂C, position detection signals with a width of 120 degrees obtained from terminal ja are mutually Continuously, they are shown as tracks @30a, 5 (7b, 30c, -) in the second figure. The boundaries are shown with thick lines.

The excitation coil K is energized by the circuit shown in FIG. 10(a) with the dotted line T section removed.

R and M indicate exciting coils /7a, /7d, exciting coils /71), /7θ, and exciting coils /7c, /7f, respectively. Each of the seven excitation coils is connected in series or in parallel.

When the electric signal of the curve SOa is input to the terminal /ffa, the transistors '1-6a and Hiro6b are made conductive over a width of 120 degrees, and the exciting coil K is energized.

Therefore, when the current increases as shown by the dotted line 54a and exceeds the set value, a chopper action is performed by the transistor 2/ and the capacitor n, resulting in energization as shown by the dotted line S.

At the end of the curve SOa, transistor 4'Aa, <1-A
Since b becomes non-conducting, the stored magnetic energy charges the capacitor n charged to the power supply voltage via the diodes 7a and 4'7b, and at this time the curve of the terminal/zap b input is made by sob, and transistor 4'A
Since e and 'AAf are conductive, they are used to store magnetic energy in the excitation coil R.

Therefore, the current drop due to the release of the magnetic energy indicated by the dotted line 'Efs' becomes faster, and the energization of the excitation coil R shown by the dotted line 'Efs' rises faster. Subsequent energization is maintained at the set value by chopper action.

At the end of the curve sob, transistors I/6e, 41Af
becomes non-conducting, the current drops as shown by the dotted line, and the terminal l
Since the electric signal of the curve wsoc is input to ZA C, the transistors 'Arc,'And become conductive, and the excitation coil M becomes energized as shown by the dotted line.After that, due to the chopper action, the current flows as shown by the dotted line (ripple voltage is omitted). (It is a straight line.)
, the current is held at the set value.

The above-mentioned energization causes the motor to rotate as a three-phase electric motor. In this embodiment, since the curves 50a, 30b, - do not overlap, the torque ripple is small.

When each excitation coil is energized, mark it with an arrow! ja, Sub,
! Since the seven parts overlap as shown in jc, vibration during rotation is suppressed.

If the salient poles and magnetic poles on the right side of the dotted line Y in Fig. ψ (e) are removed, the number of salient poles becomes ψ and the number of magnetic poles becomes three, simplifying the structure, and as shown in Fig. 1 (a). As in the embodiment described above, since the rotating shaft rotates while being pressed by the bearing in one direction, vibrations during rotation can be significantly reduced.

Curve SOa in Fig. ri, ! If there is a gap at the boundary between Ob, . . . , it may not start. Therefore, Figure q (e
) by making the width of the protruding part Hiro Ja, 4'&b,... a little larger than 180 degrees, removing the above-mentioned void, and creating a curve! ;O
Activation can be ensured by making the boundaries of a, 30b, . . . slightly overlap.

As mentioned above, transistor 2/ of FIG. 10(a).

The same effect can be obtained by removing the capacitor n and the diode j/ and using a chopper circuit in which only the transistors 4'6b, 4CAf, and 44Ad are controlled to be turned on or off by the output of the transistor J. .

Other effects, such as the ability to obtain a high-speed, high-torque electric motor, are the same as in the previous embodiment.

〔effect〕

The first effect.

Machine vibration and noise generation during operation is prevented.

In the case of a small-output electric motor, the number of salient poles is μ~j, and the second effect is that a small-sized and small-diameter electric motor can be obtained.

As can be understood from the explanation of each example, the rotational speed can be controlled independently by the applied voltage and the output torque can be controlled independently by the excitation current, so you can freely design a high-speed, high-torque reluctance motor according to the purpose of use. can do. Therefore, it can be used as a DC motor to provide an effective means.

Furthermore, the same output torque can be obtained without using expensive rare earth magnets in the rotor.

Since the excitation current that is ineffective to the output torque is cut off, efficiency can be increased.

Since the rotation speed and output torque can be changed freely and independently,
Utilizing such characteristics, it is possible to improve the torque and rotational speed characteristics.

Third effect.

When it comes to high torque, especially in reluctance type electric motors,
The inductance of the excitation coil is large, which generates counter-torque, resulting in low speed. In order to prevent this and obtain high-speed, high-torque characteristics, the magnetic energy accumulated in the excitation coil is rapidly circulated to the power source. In this way, the excitation current curve is regulated to be within a width of 180 degrees, thereby achieving the objective C. Also, the accumulated magnetic energy of the excitation coil is transferred to the accumulated magnetic energy of the excitation coil to be energized next. It is used effectively to achieve the same purpose.

The effect of Hiromu.

Since a coil can be used as a position detection element, a heat-resistant and high-output electric motor can be obtained. Since the distance between the magnetic poles is about 45 times the distance between the magnetic poles, the coil position can be thrown with a phase advance of 30 degrees.

Therefore, in the case of a 1.2-phase electric motor, only two coils are required as position detection elements, which has the effect of simplifying the position device.

jth effect.

By adopting a means in which the position detection signals are not continuously superimposed, the output torque becomes flat, the energization control circuit is simplified, and the device becomes small and inexpensive.

Sixth effect.

Since the excitation current is controlled to the set value by the chopper circuit, there is no problem even if the power supply voltage is large.

Therefore, when using an AC power source, the capacity of the smoothing capacitor can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of the device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram for obtaining a position detection signal from a coil, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of means for flattening the output torque, and FIG. salient pole, magnetic pole,
The developed diagram of the exciting coil, Figures J, Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure G, and Figure 3 are time charts of the position detection signal, exciting current, and output torque, and Figure 10 is the energization control of the exciting coil. A circuit diagram is shown for each. / -・-rotor, /a, /b, /c, - salient pole, fa
, ff'b, J'a, rb --- coil, lAa, /
6b. lAa, /Ab, ...magnetic pole, /A, /A・
-・Fixed armature, /7a, /7b, /7c, /
7a, /7b, /7c, --・, K. M, R, S... Excitation coil, g... Rotating shaft, 7
... excavator, /J, /Ja, /Jb,
la, lb, 2J=- operational amplifier, ≠Aa,
HiroAb, Hiroru C1 side d...transistor, / to la
, 10b...DC power supply voltage negative pole, H...Block circuit for controlling energization of exciting coils R and S, lAa, 4t
b,! c, 4! d, Q? c, Q? d...Differential circuit, Aa, Ab, Jc, Jd...Flip-flop circuit, u/fa4,..., Rh...Protrusion of rotor pg. #a, 23-o, -,! a,! b,-,! 7
a, 27b.・ , 2zaa , 2zab , ・-, IA/a ,
Hiro/b, -, 1A2a, Hiro2b, --・,
'Aja,! ,? b, -,41a,4l-4Cb
,-,5Aa. 31,b,-,j7a,j7b,-,5Ja
,job,-,30a,SOb,30c,
50d, - position detection signal curve, 2ta, 29a
, 32 a , 32 b , -, 33 a , 33 b
,-,'19a,≠qb,Hiroqc...torque curve,
! 7a, squirrel, ... differential, olus, /4'a
,/4! b , ..., /qa , /9b , ---,
? 7a, J7b, -=, 3ua, 311b, =-
, 3Aa, J6b-33a, 3! ;b, -39
a,jdeb,-・-,,? 0.3/ , ・
・・! /a, 51b, ..., j2a, ...lS
l...Electrification curve, 2/. 2/a, 2/b...Transistor, J...Reference voltage terminal. 1AOa, subb...monostable circuit. $1 time (sub πe Fig. l (4-in potato 2 (a) 2nd Ko (1) and l θ" $3 Fig. $4 Fig. (α) 360"" c/yt bird horse) Chasu times certain figure The first sheep revolution map 3C 0cL famous map (Sakaki

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) In a reluctance type two-phase electric motor, a magnetic rotor whose center portion is fixed to a rotating shaft rotatably supported by a bearing provided in an outer casing, and a rotating surface of the rotor, Multiple magnetic salient poles arranged with equal width and equal pitch, a fixed armature magnetic core made of annular magnetic material and fixed to the outer casing, and facing the salient poles with a slight air gap. At the same time, it is provided with a magnetic pole that protrudes from the armature magnetic core and has the same width as the salient pole, and is wound around each of the first phase magnetic pole and the second phase magnetic pole arranged at equal pitches. first phase and second phase excitation coils;
It is fixed to the armature magnetic core side and detects the position of the salient pole of the rotor, and sends a first position detection signal with a width of 180 degrees in electrical angle and a second position detection signal with the same width 180 degrees in electrical angle from this signal. 2
and third and fourth position detection signals with a width of 180 degrees separated by 90 degrees in electrical angle from the first and second position detection signals, respectively.
A position detection device including two position detection elements that can obtain position detection signals; 5, a logical calculation circuit from which the sixth, seventh, and eighth position detection signals are obtained cyclically, and a set of excitation coils of the first phase are connected to the first
, the third excitation coil, and the set of excitation coils of the second phase are called the second and fourth excitation coils, the first, second,
first, second, third, and fourth switching elements connected in series to each of the third and fourth excitation coils;
The second, third and fourth switching elements are connected to the fifth and fourth switching elements respectively.
The sixth, seventh, and eighth position detection signals cause conduction, and the energized section of each excitation coil is set as the section where the maximum torque is generated, and when the energization is stopped, the magnetic energy accumulated in the excitation coil should be energized next. A chopper circuit that effectively utilizes the magnetic energy storage of the excitation coil to generate an excitation current corresponding to the voltage of a high applied DC power source and reference voltage source that can suppress the occurrence of reduced torque at the initial stage of energization and counter-torque at the final stage of energization. What is claimed is: 1. A reluctance electric motor comprising: a current supply control circuit that generates a driving torque in one direction in a rotor; (2) In a reluctance type two-phase electric motor, a rotor made of a magnetic material whose center portion is fixed to a rotating shaft rotatably supported by a bearing provided on an outer casing, and a rotating surface of the rotor, Multiple magnetic salient poles arranged with equal width and equal pitch, a fixed armature magnetic core made of annular magnetic material and fixed to the outer casing, and facing the salient poles with a slight air gap. At the same time, it has a magnetic pole that protrudes from the armature magnetic core and is wider than the salient pole by about 30 degrees in electrical angle, and has first and second phase magnetic poles arranged at equal pitches, and each of the magnetic poles. The excitation coils of the first phase and the second phase are wound around the coils, and the excitation coils are fixed to the armature magnetic core side and detect the position of the salient poles of the rotor. 1
a second position detection signal of the same width separated by 180 degrees in electrical angle from the position detection signal; and a third position detection signal of 180 degrees in width separated by 90 degrees in electrical angle from the first and second position detection signals, respectively. A position detection device including two position detection elements from which a fourth position detection signal can be obtained; When the excitation coils are called the second and fourth excitation coils, the first
, first, second, third, and fourth switching elements connected in series to each of the second, third, and fourth excitation coils, and the first, second, third, and fourth switching elements. are made conductive by the first, second, third, and fourth position detection signals, respectively, the energization start point of each exciting coil is the point where the salient pole enters the corresponding magnetic pole, and the energization angle is the width of the position detection signal. , a high voltage applying DC power supply and a reference voltage source that can quickly dissipate the magnetic energy accumulated in the excitation coil with the DC power supply voltage when the current is stopped, and suppress the generation of counter torque due to the conduction current due to the release of magnetic energy. 1. A reluctance motor, comprising: a chopper circuit that generates an excitation current corresponding to the voltage of the reluctance motor; and an energization control circuit that generates a driving torque in one direction in a rotor. (3) In a reluctance type three-phase electric motor, a magnetic rotor whose central portion is fixed to a rotating shaft rotatably supported by a bearing provided in an outer casing, and a rotating surface of the rotor, Multiple magnetic salient poles arranged with equal width and equal pitch, a fixed armature magnetic core made of annular magnetic material and fixed to the outer casing, and facing the salient poles with a slight air gap. At the same time, a first phase magnetic pole, a second phase magnetic pole, a third phase magnetic pole that protrudes from the armature core and has a magnetic pole having the same width as the salient pole, and a magnetic pole wound around each of these. It is fixed to the first, second, and third phase excitation coils and the above-mentioned fixed armature side, and detects the position of the salient pole of the rotor,
A position sensing device including three position sensing elements that cyclically obtain first, second and third position sensing signals adjacent to each other with a width of 120 degrees in electrical angle; The first, second, and
The third switching element and the first, second, and third switching elements are made conductive by the first, second, and third position detection signals, respectively, and the energized section of each exciting coil is set as the section where the maximum torque is generated. When energization is stopped, the magnetic energy accumulated in the excitation coil is effectively used to accumulate magnetic energy in the excitation coil to be energized next, thereby suppressing the occurrence of reduced torque at the initial stage of energization and counter torque at the final stage. A reluctance system comprising a DC power source for applying a high voltage and a chopper circuit that generates an excitation current corresponding to the voltage of a reference voltage source, and an energization control circuit that generates a driving torque in one direction in the rotor. type electric motor. (4) In a reluctance type three-phase electric motor, a magnetic rotor whose center portion is fixed to a rotating shaft rotatably supported by a bearing provided in an outer casing, and a rotating surface of the rotor, Multiple magnetic salient poles arranged with equal width and equal pitch, a fixed armature magnetic core made of annular magnetic material and fixed to the outer casing, and facing the salient poles with a slight air gap. At the same time, the magnetic poles of the first phase, the second phase, and the third phase are provided with a magnetic pole that protrudes from the armature magnetic core and is wider than the salient pole by about 30 degrees in electrical angle, and are arranged at equal pitches; The excitation coils of the first, second, and third phases are wound around each of these, and the position of the salient pole of the rotor is detected, and the position of the salient pole of the rotor is detected.
A first position detection signal having a width of 80 degrees and spaced apart from each other by the same angle; a second position detection signal having the same width and 120 degrees in electrical angle from these; and 120 degrees in electrical angle from the second position detection signal. A position sensing device including three position sensing elements from which a third position sensing signal with a width of 180 degrees delayed is connected in series to each of the first, second, and third phase excitation coils. first, second and third switching elements;
The first, second, and third switching elements are connected to the first, second, and third switching elements, respectively.
The conduction is made by the second and third position detection signals, the energization start point of each exciting coil is set as the point where the salient pole enters the corresponding magnetic pole, the energization angle is set as the width of the position detection signal, and when the energization is stopped, the excitation coil A DC power supply with a high voltage that can quickly dissipate the magnetic energy stored in the DC power supply voltage by the DC power supply voltage and suppress the generation of counter torque due to the conduction current due to the release of magnetic energy, and an excitation current corresponding to the voltage of the reference voltage source. What is claimed is: 1. A reluctance type electric motor comprising: a chopper circuit for generating a rotor;