JPH07994B2 - Propulsion method and propulsion method device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a propulsion method and a propulsion method device, and more specifically, to a pre-conductor without excavating the ground in a buried hole or tunnel having a relatively small diameter for constructing water and sewerage. Excavating or consolidating a tunnel directly with a so-called propulsion method and a device for carrying out this propulsion method for propelling the front conductor and the tube row connected behind the front conductor in the formed tunnel. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The propulsion method does not excavate the ground, so it has the advantages that it does not occupy a large area on the ground surface, does not block traffic, and does not damage the surrounding environment. It is widely used as a suitable method for constructing sewers in and around the area.

In the propulsion method, a front conductor or a front conduit for forming a tunnel by excavating or consolidating the ground at the head and a row of pipes successively connected behind the front conductor or pipe are provided, and a starting shaft at the tail end of the pipe row. Propulsive force is applied by a source push jack installed inside to propel the front conductor and the tube row into the ground. With the propulsion method, the maximum length of the row of pipes to be simultaneously propulsed,
That is, the length of the tunnel constructed at one time depends on the distance from the starting shaft to the reaching shaft. As the length of the tunnel constructed at one time is longer, the number of vertical shafts is smaller and the labor for constructing the vertical shafts can be reduced. Therefore, the construction efficiency is increased and the construction cost can be reduced. Therefore, in recent years, the propulsion distance for one step in the propulsion method tends to increase.

In the propulsion method, when the front conductor and the tube array are propelled in the ground, a frictional resistance force from the ground acts. This frictional resistance is affected by the soil quality of the ground,
It is greatly affected by the length of the row of pipes propelling in the ground. Therefore, as the propulsion distance in one step increases, the frictional resistance force applied to the lead conductor and the tubular body row increases, and the required propulsion force also increases. In order to increase the propulsion force, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the source push jack, which leads to an increase in equipment size and an increase in equipment cost. Further, since a large propulsive force is applied to the pipe body, there arises a problem that the pipe body is deformed or damaged. Therefore, only a material having high mechanical strength can be used, and the usable material of the tube body is limited.

Therefore, it is possible to reduce the frictional resistance force applied to the tubular body row so that even if the propulsion distance in one step is extended, a large propulsive force is not required and the material of the tubular body can be freely selected. it was thought. Specifically, for example, there is a method described below. There is a method of making the outer diameter of the leading conductor larger than the outer diameter of the tubular body connected to the rear of the leading conductor. If a tunnel larger than the outer diameter of the pipe is formed, friction resistance from the ground does not act on the pipe and the pipe can be smoothly propelled.

There is a method of injecting a lubricant between the outer surface of the pipe and the ground. The lubricant improves the sliding between the pipe and the ground and reduces the frictional resistance. This method has a high effect of reducing the frictional resistance, if an appropriate lubricant is selected according to the soil quality of the ground.

[0007]

However, there is a problem that the above-mentioned conventional method of reducing the frictional resistance force cannot achieve a sufficient effect when the tube row becomes long. The cause is that the tunnel formed by the leading conductor has an effect of narrowing the diameter of the tunnel due to the pressure from the surrounding ground with the passage of time, and the ground tightens the outer surface of the tubular body. Since the tightening force of the ground increases with time, the frictional resistance from the ground becomes greater toward the rear of the tube row, and the conventional method described above cannot sufficiently cope with this.

This is shown in FIG. Leading conductor P
Has a larger outer diameter than the tube body p. When the front conductor P and the pipe body p are propelled in the ground E, there is a gap between the pipe body p and the ground E at the rear portion (point A) of the front conductor P. The frictional resistance does not act on the body p. However, as it moves backward from the leading conductor P, the surrounding ground E fills the gap due to the ground pressure and comes into close contact with the outer surface of the pipe p, and at the point B separated from the leading conductor P by a certain distance or more, The ground p tightens the body p, and a large friction resistance force is applied.

Therefore, even if the outer diameter of the leading conductor P is made larger than the outer diameter of the tube body p, the effect of reducing the frictional resistance is lost when the tube row becomes long. Even with the method of injecting a lubricant, when the row of pipes becomes long and the pressure or tightening force applied to the pipes from the ground becomes large, a large friction resistance force acts even if the lubricant is present. Will exceed the durability of the pipe body, and it will be necessary to use a source push jack with a large propulsive force. Moreover, in this method, it is necessary to continuously inject a large amount of the lubricant during the propulsion process, so that the cost of the lubricant is high.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to increase the required propulsion force without increasing the frictional resistance force applied to the pipe body row from the ground even if the length of the pipe body row, that is, the propulsion distance applied at one time increases. An object of the present invention is to provide a propulsion method that requires a small amount and is not limited by the material of the pipe that can be used, and a propulsion method device that implements this propulsion method.

[0011]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of researches aimed at solving the above problems, the inventors of the present invention have attached and fixed a disk-shaped oyster plate, which is larger than the outer diameter of the pipes, in the middle of the pipe row. Then, we devised a method to reduce the frictional resistance from the ground by pushing away the ground with this oyster board and creating a gap between the inner wall of the tunnel and the outer peripheral surface of the pipe. However, with this method, the resistance force when the ground is pushed away by the oyster plate is considerably large, so the propulsion force required to propel the tube row increases by this resistance force, and the original There was a drawback in that the target reduction of propulsive force could not be achieved sufficiently.

Therefore, the propulsion method according to the present invention, which solves the above-mentioned problems, is to form a tunnel in the ground by the leading conductor, and to form a row of tubular bodies sequentially connected behind the leading conductor in the tunnel together with the leading conductor. In the propulsion method of propelling the tunnel, the surrounding ground is compacted to the outer peripheral side by the diameter expanding means that moves outwards and outwards from the outer periphery of the tubular body in the middle of the tubular body row, and the tunnel is expanded.

The basic means, process, and equipment used in the propulsion method may be the same as those in the conventional ordinary propulsion method.
The conductor is equipped with a mechanism for excavating the ground such as earth auger or rock crushing bit, equipped with a conveyor that conveys the excavated soil to the rear, supplies muddy water and discharges the muddy water along with the muddy water. Ordinary conductors having various tunnel forming mechanisms that are also used in the conventional propulsion method, such as the above-described one, the one in which the ground is pushed away by a cone or the like to consolidate to form a tunnel, are used.
It is preferable to set the outer diameter of the leading conductor to be larger than the outer diameter of the tubular body connected to the rear side.

The pipe body may be a buried pipe that constitutes the final tunnel wall, or a temporary pipe that is used only when forming the tunnel and is eventually replaced with a buried pipe made of another material. . The present invention can be applied to any case, but is preferably applied to a propulsion method using a temporary pipe. As a material of the temporary pipe, a material suitable for repeated use such as a steel pipe is used. As the material of the buried pipe, various materials such as a steel pipe, a fume pipe, a vinyl chloride pipe and others are used according to the purpose of construction of the buried pipe.

The connecting structure between the lead conductor and the pipe or between the pipes may be the same as in the case of the ordinary propulsion method, and in addition to the linear connecting structure using flanges and bolts, it can be bent at the connecting portion. It is also possible to adopt the connection structure applied to the curved propulsion method. Cables and pipes for supplying power, hydraulic pressure, muddy water, etc. to the lead conductor should be inserted through the pipe. A holding mechanism that holds the pipe from the inside is provided in the middle of the shaft by applying a propulsion force with the original pushing jack to the shaft connected to the front conductor through the inside of the pipe to propel the front conductor. If the tubular body is held by the shaft body, it is possible to prevent excessive stress from being generated only in a part of the long tubular body row during propulsion.

In the present invention, a diameter expanding means is provided in the middle of the connected row of tubes to expand the tunnel by compacting the surrounding ground to the outer peripheral side. The diametrical expansion means includes a diametrical expansion member that can move in and out from the same position as the outer diameter of the pipe body or inside to the outside of the outer diameter of the pipe body, a drive source such as a motor or a hydraulic / pneumatic cylinder, A power transmission mechanism such as a gear mechanism, a crank mechanism, a cam mechanism, and a link mechanism connected to the drive source is operated.

The diameter expanding member may move only in the radial direction of the tubular body, or may move in the radial direction and the circumferential direction of the tubular body. Further, the diametrical expansion member may be configured to move in a direction opposite to the propulsion direction in the axial direction of the tubular body, that is, obliquely rearward. As the diameter-expanding member, if the diameter-expanding member having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface is eccentrically rotated about a position eccentric from the central axis of the tubular body, the ground-removing action, that is, the tunnel-expanding action is achieved. It is done smoothly. The diameter-expanding member may be divided and formed in the circumferential direction or the axial direction, and each dividing member may move in a fixed order.

It is preferable that the diameter expanding means is provided with a space penetrating forward and backward so as not to block the internal space of the tubular body.
It is preferable to connect the diameter expanding means and the front and rear pipes in a sealed state so as to prevent intrusion of earth and sand and water at the connecting portion between the diameter expanding means and the front and rear pipes. A lubricant supply mechanism may be provided in the diameter expanding means. The diameter expanding means having the above structure may be arranged at a constant distance with respect to the tube row. The arrangement interval of the diameter expansion means may be set in consideration of construction conditions such as the diameter of the tunnel to be formed, the soil quality of the ground, and the material of the pipe body. When the pipe body is a temporary pipe, the expanding means may be removed at the same time as the removal of the temporary pipe. When the pipe is an embedded pipe, the expanding means may be left embedded, but the expanding means can be disassembled or the diameter can be reduced so that it can be removed to the outside through the internal space of the embedded pipe. Preferably.

[0019]

As described above, when the front conductor and the tube row connected to the former conductor are propelled into the ground, the frictional resistance received from the surrounding ground increases toward the rear side of the tube row. . Therefore, if the diameter expanding means as described above is provided in the middle of the tube body row and the surrounding ground is compacted to the outer peripheral side and the tunnel is expanded, if the tunnel is expanded from the position of the diameter expanding means, , The frictional resistance applied from the ground to the tube row is significantly reduced.

Since the diameter expanding means is not fixedly installed on the outer circumference of the tubular body, a large resistance force against the propulsion of the tubular body does not occur. That is, since the diameter expanding means moves in a direction at least orthogonal to the propelling direction and does not move against the propelling direction of the tubular body, a large resistance force against the propulsion of the tubular body is not generated. Absent. Also,
If the diameter-expanding means returns to the inside of the outer circumference of the pipe after the diameter-expanding means projects outward to push and expand the ground, the resistance force from the ground to the diameter-expanding means against the propulsion of the tube is not applied. That is,
By expanding and retracting the diameter expansion means from the outer circumference of the pipe,
The ground can be expanded without increasing the resistance to the propulsion of the pipe body.

Therefore, if the operating structure and the arrangement interval of the diameter expanding means are designed appropriately, the frictional resistance force reduced by the ground displacement of the diameter expanding means is more reduced than the resistance force associated with the operation of the diameter expanding means. Can be made big enough,
It is possible to reduce the propulsive force required to propel the tube row and reduce the stress applied to the tube body.

[0022]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show the structure of a portion of the propulsion method apparatus where the diameter expanding means is mounted. The expanded diameter cylindrical body 2 made of steel or the like is connected to the pipe bodies 10 and 10.
0 is inserted. The outer diameter of the expanded diameter cylindrical body 20 is equal to that of the tubular body 10.
Is formed to have almost the same diameter as the outer diameter. Expanding cylinder 20
Are supported by the drive cylinder 24 on the inner peripheral side via bearings 22. A crank shaft 26 is rotatably connected to a plurality of side surfaces of the drive cylinder 24, and a drive motor 28 is attached to each crank shaft 26. Drive motor 2
8 is a so-called geared motor in which a gear mechanism is incorporated to reduce the rotation of the motor.

When the drive motor 28 is rotated, the central axis of the drive cylinder 24 attached to the crankshaft 26 is rotationally moved around the central axis of the tubular body 10. However, the drive cylinder 2
The whole 4 does not rotate, but only the central axis moves in the same posture. Then, the drive cylinder 2
Similarly to the drive cylinder 24, the diameter-expanding cylinder 20 supported by 4 also performs rotational movement of the central axis, and a part of the outer peripheral surface of the diameter-increasing cylinder 20 is projected from the outer periphery of the tube body 10. Expanding cylinder 20
While another part of the outer peripheral surface of the tube body 10 is retracted into the outer periphery of the tube body 10, the projecting portion of the expanded diameter tube body 20 moves so as to circulate around the tube body 10. Expanding cylinder 20
Is rotatably supported with respect to the drive cylinder 24, and therefore, when the outer peripheral surface of the diameter-expanding cylinder 20 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the tunnel, the diameter-increasing cylinder is caused by frictional force with the ground. 20 rotates in a direction opposite to the rotational movement direction of its central axis. In this way, by rotating the diameter-expanding tubular body 20, it is possible to further absorb or reduce the resistance force applied from the ground when the ground is pushed and spread by the diameter-expanding tubular body 20.

The above-described movement of the expanded diameter cylindrical body 20 is generally referred to as "scribbing movement" or "missing movement". As seen in one radial direction of the tubular body 10, the outer periphery of the expanded diameter tubular body 20 repeats the movement of entering the inside of the tubular body 10 and protruding to the outside. Each actuating mechanism such as the diameter-expanding tubular body 20 and the drive motor 28 is housed in a housing body 30 having a housing space on the outer peripheral side, and the front and rear ends of the housing body 30 are connected and fixed to the pipe body 10. A cylindrical space 32 is provided on the center side of the container 30. Therefore, at the mounting portion of the diameter expanding means, the tubular body 10
Sediment and water are prevented from entering the inside from the outer peripheral side. Further, various pipes and cables, or a screw conveyor for discharging sand and the like can be inserted using the cylindrical space 32 of the container 30.

The propulsion method carried out by using the diameter expanding means having the above-mentioned structure is basically the same as the case of the conventional ordinary propulsion method. Specifically, with respect to a row of a large number of tubular bodies 10 sequentially connected to the rear of the leading conductor, at regular intervals,
Assembling the pipes 10 and 10 with the diameter expansion means inserted and attached to the connecting parts, and while forming a tunnel in the ground with the front conductor, apply a propulsion force from the rear end side of the front conductor and the pipe array with the original push jack. To promote the front conductor and the tube row. During this propulsion step, the expanded diameter cylindrical body 20 is moved outward and outward from the outer periphery of the tubular body 10.

When the expanding cylinder 20 operates, the expanding cylinder 20
By repeating the movement in and out of the tubular body 10 from the inner side to the outer side in the entire circumferential direction, the ground of the inner wall of the tunnel can be pushed away to the outer peripheral side, and the diameter of the tunnel is enlarged. As a result, at the rear of the portion where the expanded diameter tubular body 20 is attached, the frictional resistance force applied from the ground to the tube row is reduced, and smooth propulsion becomes possible. At this time, if the lubricant is supplied to the outer periphery of the leading conductor or the tube body row, smoother propulsion can be performed.

In the case of performing the propulsion method using a temporary pipe, first, a temporary pipe is used as the tubular body 10, and after performing the propulsion work as described above, the temporary pipe 10 remaining in the tunnel and the expanding means are tunneled. It can be removed from the above, and then a predetermined buried pipe can be inserted and laid. If a tunnel having a sufficiently large outer diameter is formed in the propulsion process using the temporary pipe, the embedded pipe can be smoothly inserted without using a diameter expanding means. In this method, it is not necessary to add a special structure to the buried pipe for connecting the diameter expanding means or to attach and detach the diameter expanding means to and from the buried pipe, which facilitates the construction.

Next, FIGS. 3 and 4 show an embodiment in which the structure of the diameter expanding means is different. In the middle of the tube 40,
An accommodating portion 42 that is recessed on the inner peripheral side is provided. This accommodation part 4
The diameter expansion means is installed in 2. A diametrical expansion cylinder 50 similar to that of the above-described embodiment is accommodated in the accommodating portion 42, and a lid 56 that covers the accommodating portion 42 is attached to the side of the diametrical expansion cylinder 50. Sealing materials 52, 52 such as metal seals are provided on both side ends of the expanded diameter tubular body 50, and are airtight between the inner wall of the housing portion 42 and the sealing materials 54, 54 provided on the side ends of the lid body 56. It is designed to slide in the state.

A bearing 6 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the expanded cylindrical body 50.
The drive cylinder body 60 is provided via 2. Drive cylinder 6
No. 0 has a receiving portion 42 on its inner circumference through a bearing 64.
Supported on the bottom of the. The inner peripheral shape of the drive cylinder 60 is formed on a cylindrical surface concentric with the central axis of the tube 40, but the outer peripheral shape is a cylindrical surface eccentric from the central axis of the tube 40 by a distance e. .

A main gear 66 is provided at one end of the drive cylinder 60.
Is provided. Pinion gears 68 mesh with the main gear 66 at a plurality of locations. Each pinion gear 68
A drive motor 70 is connected to the. Drive motor 7
0 is fixed to the housing portion 42. When the drive motor 70 is rotated, the rotation is transmitted from the pinion gear 68 to the main gear 66, and the drive cylinder body 60 rotates. Drive cylinder 60
Since the outer peripheral shape of eccentric is eccentric, the enlarged diameter cylindrical body 50 provided on the outer periphery of the drive cylindrical body 60 performs eccentric rotation in accordance with the eccentricity of the drive cylindrical body 60. The movement itself of the diameter-expanding tubular body 50 is the same as that in the above-described embodiment. That is, when viewed in one radial direction of the expanded diameter tubular body 50, the outer peripheral surface goes in and out of the outer periphery of the tubular body 40. At this time, the distance in which the outer peripheral surface of the expanded cylinder 50 moves in and out in the radial direction is 2e with respect to the eccentric amount e of the drive cylinder 60.

Even when the expanding means of this embodiment is used, the propulsion method can be carried out in the same manner as in the above embodiment. In the above-described embodiment, the resistance force in the radial direction applied from the ground to the expanded diameter tubular body 50 is received by the fixing structure of the housing portion 42 via the drive tubular body 60, so the pinion gear mechanisms 66, 68 are provided.
It is excellent in that it can be operated smoothly without applying excessive resistance to the drive motor 70 and the like.

[0032]

As described above, the propulsion method and the propulsion method apparatus according to the present invention use the diameter expanding means in the middle of the tube row to consolidate the surrounding ground to the outer peripheral side and push the tunnel. Since it is expanded, the frictional resistance force applied from the ground to the row of pipes is greatly reduced. As a result, the thrust required to propel the tube array can be small, the equipment such as the pushing jack for propulsion can be downsized or downsized, and the propulsion speed can be increased. In addition, since the length of the tube row that can be propelled at once is extended, the installation interval of the vertical shaft can be shortened, the labor and cost required for construction of the vertical shaft can be reduced, and it is not possible with the conventional propulsion method. It also enables long-distance propulsion.

If the frictional resistance applied to the tubular body is reduced,
As a material of the pipe body, a material having poor rigidity and durability can be used, and it becomes possible to perform a propulsion construction of a buried pipe made of a material to which a conventional propulsion method cannot be applied.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a diameter expanding means according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing an operating state of the above.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the expanding means.

FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the state of the ground in the propulsion method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10, 40 Tubular body 20, 50 Expanded tubular body 22, 62, 64 Bearing 24, 60 Drive tubular body 26 Crankshaft 28, 70 Drive motor 66, 68 Pinion gear mechanism

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. In a propulsion method in which a row of pipes sequentially connected to the rear of the front conductor is propelled into the tunnel together with the front conductor while forming a tunnel in the ground with the front conductor, in the middle of the row of pipes. Then, the propulsion method characterized in that the tunnel is expanded by consolidating the surrounding ground to the outer peripheral side by the diameter expanding means that moves outward and outward from the outer periphery of the pipe body. 2. A propulsion method device comprising a front conductor forming a tunnel in the ground, a pipe body sequentially connected to the rear of the front conductor, and a propulsion means for propelling the front conductor and the pipe body row in the tunnel, Propulsion characterized by being equipped in the middle of the tube row, equipped with a diameter expansion means that operates outward from the outer circumference of the tube body and expands the tunnel by consolidating the surrounding ground to the outer peripheral side Construction method equipment.