JPH0797161B2 - Light transmission control film or sheet - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a light transmission control film or sheet used in buildings, automobiles, and the like, and more specifically, only incident light within a predetermined angle range is used. The present invention relates to a light transmission control film or sheet which selectively scatters but transmits incident light at other angles and has heat ray reflection characteristics.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, curtains, blinds, frosted glass, colored glass, light-reflecting glass, and the like have been used as a method of controlling light entering a room such as a building or an automobile. Also,
In recent years, a method of bonding a heat ray reflective film having high heat insulation (heat ray obliqueness) has been proposed and implemented from the viewpoint of energy saving for windows of buildings with air conditioning and heating equipment, and from the viewpoint of summer comfort of vehicles such as automobiles. ing.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in the conventional method of controlling light, when a person inside the window looks out, the visual field is obstructed, and in the method of bonding the heat ray reflective film, visible rays are appropriately transmitted and the heat rays are reflected, so that the heat insulating property is achieved. However, it does not have a function of controlling the transmission of visible light, which is disadvantageous depending on the time and case.

The present invention focuses on the above-mentioned problems in the conventional method of controlling light, reflects heat rays, and selectively scatters only incident light whose visible light transmittance is within a predetermined angle range. The present invention provides a film or sheet having a light transmission control function of transmitting incident light of other angles.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention irradiates a resin raw material composition composed of a plurality of compounds having one or more polymerizable carbon-carbon double bonds in a molecule having different refractive indices with ultraviolet rays from a specific direction to cure the composition. A light transmission control layer that selectively scatters only incident light within a predetermined angle range that is a light control film or sheet obtained by the above, and transmits incident light at other angles.
And a light transmission control film or sheet comprising a heat ray reflection layer having a transparency and a heat ray reflection property, which is a thin film of a metal and / or a metal compound.

The compound having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond used for forming the light transmission control layer used in the present invention means a polymerizable group such as an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, a vinyl group or an allyl group in the molecule. A monomer or oligomer containing one or more of For example, polyfunctional acrylates such as polyester acrylate, polyol polyacrylate, modified polyol polyacrylate, isocyanuric acid skeleton polyacrylate, melamine acrylate, hydantoin skeleton polyacrylate, polybutadiene acrylate, epoxy acrylate, urethane acrylate, and these acrylates Corresponding methacrylate, also tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate,
Ethyl carbitol acrylate, dicyclopentenyloxyethyl acrylate, phenylcarbitol acrylate, nonylphenoxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl acrylate, ω-
Hydroxyhexanoyloxyethyl acrylate, acryloyloxyethyl succinate, acryloyloxyethyl phthalate, tribromophenoxyethyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, 2,2,3,3
-Tetrafluoropropyl acrylate and the methacrylates corresponding to these monofunctional acrylates,
And N-vinylpyrrolidone, triallyl isocyanurate, diethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate,
Examples include diarylidene pentaerythritol.

The resin raw material composition used in the present invention is a mixture of two or more kinds of these compounds having different refractive indexes.

That is, the resin raw material composition of the present invention is characterized by the difference in the refractive index of the compounds used therein and the mutual solubility, and when the difference in the refractive index is large in a combination having poor compatibility, light is scattered. The degree increases and the angular range of scattered incident light also increases.

The present invention uses a light control film or sheet obtained by curing these resin raw material compositions by various methods, but it is preferable to use a photopolymerizable compound as each of the above-mentioned compounds, In that case, a method of coating the composition on a substrate or enclosing it in a cell and irradiating it with ultraviolet rays from a specific direction to cure the composition is preferable. With this method, a light control plate that selectively scatters incident light having a desired angle can be manufactured.

As the photopolymerization initiator used in this case, for example, benzophenone, benzyl, Michler's ketone, 2-chlorothioxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, benzoin ethyl ether, diethoxyacetophenone,
Benzyl dimethyl ketal, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl propiophenone, 1-hydroxy cyclohexyl phenyl ketone and the like can be mentioned.

These depend on the type and reactivity of the compound used, but in general, relative to 100 parts of the mixture of each of the above compounds.
It can be used in an amount within the range of 0.1 part to 10 parts, preferably 0.5 part to 8 parts.

The light transmission control layer used in the present invention is a mixture of the above compound and a photopolymerization initiator as a main component, which is applied onto a substrate or enclosed in a cell, and then irradiated with a linear irradiation light source to be cured. Manufactured. The substrate used here may be any as long as the surface smoothness of the coated film can be obtained. For example, a flat plate or template made of glass, plastic, metal or the like can be used. When a cell is used, at least one surface of the cell must transmit the ultraviolet rays necessary for initiating photopolymerization, and transparent glass, plastic, etc. are preferable.

The linear irradiation light source used in the present invention emits ultraviolet rays or other light that contributes to photopolymerization, and the light source has a linear shape when viewed from the irradiation position (film surface). is there. The size of the light source viewed from the irradiated position is such that the viewing angle A in the long axis direction of the light source is at least 8 °, preferably at least 12 °, and the viewing angle B in the short axis direction of the light source is at most A /
4, more preferably at most A / 10. A rod-shaped UV lamp is one of the preferred linear irradiation light sources. For example, a rod-shaped ultraviolet lamp (8KW) with a length of about 40 cm and a thickness of about 2 cm was held horizontally, above the membrane of 10 cm x 10 cm 4
When the lamp is placed at 0 cm so that it is parallel to the film surface,
The viewing angle A is about 54 °, the viewing angle B is about 3 °,
It is a suitable linear light source in the present invention. In addition to such a linear light source, the light source is apparently linear when viewed from the irradiation position, for example, a large number of point light sources arranged in a line, or a laser beam. An apparatus configured to scan (irradiate from a plurality of different angles with respect to one point of an irradiation position) the light from the above using a rotating mirror and a concave mirror can also be used as the linear light source.

The thickness of the light control film or sheet used for the light transmission control layer thus obtained is not particularly limited, but is 20 μm.
The range of m to 2000 μm is a preferable range. When the thickness is less than 20 μm, the haze ratio (cloudiness value) is low, and when it is more than 2000 μm, it is not preferable in terms of productivity and economy.

Next, a method for forming the heat ray reflective layer used in the present invention will be described.

The method of forming the heat ray reflective layer varies depending on the raw material compound used and the thickness and is not necessarily limited, but a method of forming a thin film having a light transmitting and heat ray reflecting property on the surface of the above-mentioned light control film or sheet, or another light transmitting layer. A method of forming a thin film having transmissivity and heat ray reflection properties on a film or sheet and laminating it with the light control film or sheet can be used.

In any of the methods, as a method of forming a thin film having transparency and heat ray reflection properties, a metal and / or a metal compound such as Al, Zn, Sn, Ni, Cr, Au, Ag, Pt, Cu, Ti, In, etc., or alloys mainly containing these and TiO ₂ , TiO, I
n ₂ O ₃ , SiO ₂ , SiO, Zns, CuO, CuO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ or a mixture thereof can be formed by a physical vapor deposition method such as vacuum vapor deposition, sputtering or ion plating. In addition to these, a plating method, a thermal decomposition method or the like is useful as a method for forming a metal thin film, and a chemical vapor deposition method, a coating method or the like can be mentioned as a method for forming a metal compound thin film.

These metal and / or metal compound thin film layers can be laminated in a single layer or two or more layers, and the thickness of the thin film layer varies depending on the kind of the above metal and / or metal compound and the laminated structure, but usually 50 A range of up to 1000Å, more preferably 100 to 500Å is suitable. The other transparent film or sheet for forming a thin film having heat ray reflective properties is not particularly limited as long as it is a transparent film or sheet, and examples thereof include polyvinyl chloride, polymethylmethacrylate, polycarbonate, polystyrene polyester, di (or tri). ) Resins such as acetyl cellulose polyethylene and polypropylene, and glass. The method of forming a thin film having transparency and heat ray reflective properties on these films or sheets can be the same as that for the above-mentioned light control film or sheet.

Lamination of a film or sheet in which a thin film having transparency and heat ray reflection properties is formed on a light control film or sheet,
It can be performed by using an adhesive or an adhesive.

[Effect of the present invention]

As described above, the light transmission control film or sheet of the present invention (1) selectively scatters only incident light within a predetermined angle range, but transmits incident light at other angles.

(2) Since it has a heat ray reflection characteristic, it has an excellent heat insulating property.

The film or sheet of the present invention is suitable for use in windows such as glass windows and plastic windows of automobiles and buildings by taking advantage of its characteristics.
At that time, the film or sheet of the present invention may be used as it is, or if necessary, a surface hard coat, a transparent resin, a glass plate or the like may be further laminated and used.

The present invention will be described below with reference to examples.

[Example 1] Tribromophenoxyethyl acrylate (refractive index 1.567) based on 100 parts by weight of polyether urethane acrylate (refractive index 1.481) obtained by the reaction of polypropylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 2000, toluene diisocyanate and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate. 60 cm with a resin material composition in which 100 parts by weight and 6 parts by weight of benzyl dimethyl ketal were added and mixed, with a 1 μm thick spacer interposed
Two high-pressure mercury lamps (80W / cm, 2KW, light emission diameter 2cm, light emission length 25c) were injected between the glass plates at the corners and at a distance of 50cm from the direction perpendicular to the glass surface at angles of 30 ° and 60 °.
m, manufactured by Ushio Denki Co., Ltd.) were placed parallel to the glass surface and parallel to each other and irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 1 minute to obtain a cured sheet. Then, after removing the obtained cured sheet from the glass plate, a bell jar type vacuum vapor deposition apparatus was used on one side of the sheet to form a TiO ₂ 150Å thin film in a vacuum of 1 × 10 ^-5 torr, and A 200 Å thin film of Ag and a 150 Å thin film of TiO ₂ were sequentially laminated on top. The obtained sheet has an incident angle of 10 under visible light.
Light rays were scattered when viewed from an angle range of ~ 90 °, and transparent when viewed from other angle ranges. Also, the thermal radiation reflectance in the near infrared to infrared region is 63% at a wavelength of 1 μm and at a wavelength of 2 μm.
A high heat ray blocking property was exhibited at 94%.

[Example 2] On the cured sheet obtained in Example 1, a TiO ₂ 200Å thin film was formed on a transparent polyester film having a thickness of 50 µm by the same vacuum deposition method as in Example 1, and a 150Å thin film of Ag was formed thereon. Films obtained by sequentially laminating 200Å thin films of TiO ₂ were adhered and laminated using a polyurethane adhesive. The obtained laminated sheet exhibited the same visible light transmission control effect and heat ray blocking property as in Example 1.

Example 3 100 parts by weight of polyether urethane acrylate (refractive index 1.490) obtained by the reaction of polytetramethylene ether glycol having an average molecular weight of 2000, toluene diisocyanate and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate was tripromophenoxyethyl acrylate (refractive index). Rate 1.56
7) A resin raw material composition prepared by adding 100 parts by weight and 6 parts by weight of benzyl dimethyl ketal to a transparent polymethylmethacrylate plate having a thickness of 2 mm and TiO _{2 in the same} manner as in Example 1 were used.
2mm with 250 Å / 180 Å / 250 Å vapor deposition layers of / Ag / TiO ₂ respectively
A thick polymethylmethacrylate plate was poured into a casting mold with a 200 μm thick spacer sandwiched between them, and the same high-pressure mercury lamp as that used in Example 1 was used, and the polymethylmethacrylate plate was perpendicular to the plate. It was cured by irradiating UV rays for 2 minutes from a distance of 30 cm in the direction.

The sheet thus obtained is a laminated sheet composed of a transparent polymethylmethacrylate plate / light control film layer / heat ray reflecting layer / transparent polymethylmethacrylate plate,
The sheet scattered light when viewed from the vertical direction under visible light, and was transparent when viewed from an angle of 40 degrees or more on both sides from the vertical direction.

The heat ray reflectance in the near infrared to infrared region is 60 at a wavelength of 1 μm.
%, 96% at a wavelength of 2 μm, a high heat ray blocking property was exhibited.

The light transmission control sheets obtained in Examples 1 to 3 are novel sheets having excellent heat ray reflection characteristics and having angle dependency in light transmission performance, and by utilizing these characteristics, for building windows and vehicles. It could be used for windows etc.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 3 exemplify sectional views of the light transmission control film or sheet of the present invention. 1 ... Light control film or sheet 2 ... Heat ray reflective layer 3 ... Transparent film or sheet 4 ... Adhesive or adhesive layer

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Kozo Kotani, 2-10-1, Tsukahara, Takatsuki City, Osaka Prefecture Sumitomo Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor, Motoaki Yoshida 4 Doshomachi, Higashi-ku, Osaka City, Osaka 8-chome Nihon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Koichi Maeda 4-chome Dosho-cho, Higashi-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture 8-chome, Nihon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. (72) Naoya Imamura 4-chome, Dosho-cho, Higashi-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Address Nihon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-51-74425 (JP, A) JP-A-57-81215 (JP, A) JP-A-59-131904 (JP, A) Actual development Sho-62- 43334 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A resin raw material composition comprising a plurality of compounds having at least one polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond in a molecule having different refractive indexes, is irradiated with ultraviolet rays from a specific direction, A light control film or sheet obtained by curing, which selectively scatters only incident light within a predetermined angle range and transmits incident light at other angles, and a light transmission control layer, and metal and / or metal A light transmission control film or sheet comprising a heat ray reflection layer having a transparency and a heat ray reflection property, which is a thin film of a compound.