JPH0792291B2 - Air conditioner hot water supply device - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a cooling / heating water heater capable of simultaneously obtaining cooling water for cooling, hot water for heating, and hot water supply.

[Conventional technology]

In a fuel cell power generator that generates direct current using hydrogen gas obtained by reforming natural gas and oxygen in the air, by cooling the heat generated by the compression of the air for the air electrode from the exhaust heat with cooling water. , 45 to 50 ℃ low temperature water is obtained, and the heat of reaction between hydrogen and oxygen is absorbed by a heat exchanger and then passed through a steam separator to obtain water vapor.

By passing this steam through the heating coil in the hot water storage tank, hot water of about 60 ° C. can be obtained, and cold water for cooling can be obtained by the absorption refrigerator.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in order to use low-temperature water of about 40 to 50 ° C as a heat source for hot water supply, it is necessary to further raise the temperature with a boiler or a heater. When a boiler is used, it is necessary to periodically replenish the fuel, smoke is emitted, and fire protection must be considered. Further, when a heater is used, the thermal efficiency is poor and the running cost becomes high.

Moreover, even if a boiler or a heater is used, cooling water for cooling cannot be obtained at the same time.

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a cooling and heating hot water supply device which is easy to handle, can reduce running cost, and can obtain not only hot water but also cold water for cooling and hot water for heating at the same time. It is in.

[Means for solving problems]

In the cooling and heating water heater according to the present invention, for the same temperature (absolute temperature) T, the first hydrogen storage alloys M1A and M1B whose dissociation pressure of hydrogen is the low pressure P _L and the dissociation pressure of the high pressure P _H (P _H > P _H ) The second hydrogen storage alloys M2A and M2B which are _L ) are inside the heating coils 18, 34, 24 and 42 and the cooling coils 20, 36, 26 and 44, respectively.
A refrigerator 12 provided with a plurality of hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchangers 14 and 16 accommodated in the first tanks 22 and 38 and the second tanks 30 and 46, which are connected to each other, Fuel cell power generator that discharges waste heat as steam and low-temperature water
50, in the forward direction operation in which hydrogen is desorbed from the second hydrogen storage alloys M2A and M2B and hydrogen is absorbed in the first hydrogen storage alloys M1A and M1B, the return cooling water for cooling is heated in the second tanks 30 and 46. Coils 24, 42
While passing the fluid through the cooling coils 20, 36 of the first hydrogen storage alloys M1A, M1B, desorbing hydrogen from the first hydrogen storage alloys M1A, M1B and storing hydrogen in the second hydrogen storage alloys M2A, M2B. In the reverse operation, the steam from the fuel cell power generator 50 is passed through the heating coils 18, 34 in the first tanks 22, 38, and the fluid is cooled by the cooling coils 26 in the second tanks 30, 46.
At least one of the plurality of hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchangers 14 and 16 is operated in the forward direction through 44, and at the same time, the remaining hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 14 or 16 is operated in the reverse direction and is operated in the forward direction. A first fluid connection circuit for alternately performing reverse operation, a heating coil 60 is provided in the hot water storage tank, and a hot water supply heat exchanger 62 for discharging hot water is provided, and heat exchange coils 122, 126 are provided in the tanks 125, 129. Is equipped with
Further, at least a pair of hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchangers 124, 128 in which a hydrogen storage alloy is contained in the tank are provided, and the paired hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchangers 124, 128 are communicated via a compressor 130. , The compressor 130 is started, and the inside of the one of the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchangers 124 or 128, which is in communication with each other, is made higher than the hydrogen dissociation pressure inside the other hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 128 or 124. Water heater whose pressure is lower than hydrogen dissociation pressure
120 and low-temperature water from the fuel cell power generator 50 are passed through the heat exchange coil 122 or 126 of the high-pressure side hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 124 or 128,
Then, it is passed through the heating coil 60 of the hot water supply heat exchanger 62, and then the heat exchange coil 12 of the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 128 or 124 on the low pressure side.
A second fluid connection circuit which is passed through 6 or 122 and then returned to the fuel cell power generation device 50 for circulation.

[Action]

 First, the operation of the refrigerator 12 will be described.

In FIG. 1, the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 14 is operated in the forward direction,
When the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 16 is operated in the reverse direction, the return cooling water for cooling is passed through the heating coil 24 to heat the second hydrogen storage alloy M2A, and the cold water as a fluid cooled by the cooling tower 70 ( For example, when the temperature of the first hydrogen storage alloy is T _L and the temperature of the second hydrogen storage alloy is T _H , a fluid having a temperature T _{M such that} T _H > T _M > T _L ) is passed through the cooling coil 20 to While cooling the hydrogen storage alloy M1A, the steam from the fuel cell power generator 50 is passed through the heating coil 34 to heat the first hydrogen storage alloy M1B, and the cold water cooled by the cooling tower 70 is passed through the cooling coil 44. Two
Cool the hydrogen storage alloy M2B.

As a result, the second hydrogen storage alloy M2A and the first hydrogen storage alloy M
Hydrogen is desorbed from 1B, and this hydrogen is the first hydrogen storage alloy M1.
A, stored in the second hydrogen storage alloy M2B. With this,
The second hydrogen storage alloy M2A and the first hydrogen storage alloy M1B absorb heat,
The first hydrogen storage alloy M1A and the second hydrogen storage alloy M2B radiate heat.

Therefore, the return cooling water for cooling that flows into the heating coil 24 is cooled and flows out as the forward cooling water for cooling.

When most of the hydrogen stored in the second hydrogen storage alloy M2A and the first hydrogen storage alloy M1B is desorbed, then the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 14 is operated in the reverse direction in the same manner as above, The hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 16 is operated in the forward direction.

As a result, the first hydrogen storage alloy M1A and the second hydrogen storage alloy M
Hydrogen is desorbed from 2B, and this hydrogen is the second hydrogen storage alloy M2.
A, stored in the first hydrogen storage alloy M1B. With this,
The first hydrogen storage alloy M1A and the second hydrogen storage alloy M2B absorb heat,
The second hydrogen storage alloy M2A and the first hydrogen storage alloy M1B generate heat.

Therefore, the return cooling water for cooling that flows into the heating coil 42 is cooled and flows out as the forward cooling water for cooling.

In this way, by performing the forward operation and the reverse operation alternately, it is possible to continuously obtain the cooling water for cooling.

Next, the operation of water heater 120 will be described.

When the compressor 130 is started and hydrogen is stored in the alloy, for example, the inside of the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 124 becomes lower than the hydrogen dissociation pressure and the inside of the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 128 becomes higher than the hydrogen dissociation pressure. To do.

As a result, the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy MC is desorbed, moves to the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 128 side, and is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy MD. Along with this, the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 12
In 8 the heat exchange coil 126 due to the exothermic reaction associated with hydrogen absorption.
Low temperature water of about 45 to 50 ° C. from the fuel cell power generation device 50 passing through is heated to become high temperature water (for example, 80 ° C.). The high-temperature water passes through the heating coil 60 to heat the water in the hot water storage tank to obtain hot water (for example, 60 ° C.), which is then cooled and then supplied to the heat exchange coil 122, thereby the hydrogen storage alloy MC After heating to accelerate the desorption of hydrogen, and after cooling by this,
It returns to the fuel cell power generator 50, and 45 to 50 again due to its exhaust heat.
℃ low temperature water is discharged from the fuel cell power plant 50,
The above operation is repeated.

When most of the hydrogen in the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 124 is desorbed, the pressure inside the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 124 is made higher than the hydrogen dissociation pressure by the compressor 130, contrary to the above case. The pressure inside the adsorption / desorption heat exchanger 128 is made lower than the hydrogen dissociation pressure.
As a result, the same operation as described above is performed.

In this way, hot water can be continuously supplied.

〔Example〕

 A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a cooling and heating hot water supply device 10 of the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows a refrigerator 12 having a valve which is omitted in FIG.

The refrigerator 12 comprises a hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 1 and a hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 16 having the same structure.

In this hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 14, the first hydrogen storage alloy M1A is contained in the first tank 22, the second hydrogen storage alloy M2A is contained in the second tank 30, and the first tank 22 and the second tank A pipe 32 communicates with 30. A heating coil 18 and a cooling coil 20 are provided in the first tank 22, and the second tank
A heating coil 24 and a cooling coil 26 are provided in 30.

Similarly, in the hydrogen adsorption / desorption heat exchanger 16, the first tank 38 contains the first hydrogen storage alloy M1B, the second tank 46 contains the second hydrogen storage alloy M2B, and the first tank 38 and the second tank A pipe 47 communicates with 46. A heating coil 34 and a cooling coil 36 are provided in the first tank 38, and a heating coil 42 and a cooling coil 44 are provided in the second tank 46.

The first hydrogen storage alloys M1A and M1B are, for example, Ca Ni MmAl (calcium nickel nickel metal alloy), and the second hydrogen storage alloys M2A and M2B are, for example, Mm N.
i CaAl (Missu metal, nickel, calcium, aluminum alloy). Where the first hydrogen storage alloy M1
The hydrogen dissociation pressure P _L of A and M1B is the second hydrogen storage alloy M2A and M2B.
Is lower than the dissociation pressure P _H of hydrogen (P _L <P _H ).

The fuel cell power generator 50 is supplied with a lithium hydrogen gas obtained by reforming the natural gas 48 with a reformer 49. The fuel cell power generator 50 uses this hydrogen gas and oxygen gas in the air to generate direct current, and as steam exhausts steam and low-temperature water at about 45 to 50 ° C. This water vapor is obtained by absorbing the reaction heat of hydrogen and oxygen in a heat exchanger and then passing it through a steam separator. In addition, low-temperature water is prepared from a mixed gas of H ₂ , H ₂ O, and CO ₂ as a pre-treatment for introducing the fuel gas into the fuel electrode.
Cooling water used to separate H ₂ O and air electrode exhaust gas (N ₂ , H
_{It is} obtained by mixing cooling water for separating and recovering H ₂ O from ₂ O, O ₂ ) and cooling water for hot air resulting from adiabatic compression by a low-temperature air compressor in the terpo compressor.

The boiler 52 burns the natural gas 48 to heat the hot water from the hot water tank 54 to generate water vapor, and to replenish the insufficient amount with only the water vapor from the fuel cell power generator 50. ing.

The hot water supply heat exchanger 62 includes heating coils 57, 5 inside the hot water storage tank.
Equipped with 8, 60, it is designed to heat the return hot water and makeup water that have returned without being used, and to discharge the hot water of about 60 ° C.

The water heater 120 has a hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 124 and a hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 128 having the same configuration. Hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 124
Is provided with a heat exchange coil 122 in a tank 125 and contains a hydrogen storage alloy MC. Similarly, a hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger
In the tank 128, the heat exchange coil 126 is provided in the tank 129, and the hydrogen storage alloy MD is accommodated therein. The tank 125 and the tank 129 are connected by a pipe having solenoid valves V40 and V41 interposed therein and a pipe having solenoid valves V42 and V43 interposed therein. These pipes are connected by a pipe in which a compressor 130 is interposed.

The fuel cell power generator 50 and the heating hot water heat exchanger 56 are connected by a pipe P1, the pipe P1 and one end of the heating coil 57 are connected by a pipe P2, and the pipe P1 and one end of the heating coils 18, 34 are connected by a pipe. It is connected by P3, the pipe P1 and the boiler 52 are connected by the pipe P4, and the steam from the fuel cell power generator 50 or the boiler 52 is supplied to the hot water heat exchanger 56 for heating and the heating coils 57, 18, 34. It has become so.

The other end of each of the heating coils 18 and 34 and one end of the heating coil 58 are connected by a pipe P7, and the pipe P7 and the hot water heat exchanger for heating are connected.
56 is connected via a heating coil 58 by a part of a pipe P8 and a pipe P5, the heating coil 58 is connected by a hot water tank 54, the fuel cell power generator 50 is connected by a part of a pipe P8 and a pipe P5, and a pipe P5. The heating coil 57 and the other end of the heating coil 57 are connected to each other by a pipe P6 so that condensed hot water generated by absorbing water vapor is returned to the fuel cell power generator 50 or the hot water tank 54 through these pipes. There is. The fuel cell power generator 50 heats the hot water with exhaust heat to generate steam again, and the steam is discharged to the pipe P1.

One end of the heating coil 24 is connected to the cold water return header 64 by a pipe P15, the pipe P15 and one end of the heating coil 42 are connected by a pipe P16, and the other end of the heating coil 24 is cooled by a pipe P17 through a cold water tank 66. Connected to the outgoing Hedsda 68, pipe P17 and heating coil 4
The other end of 2 is connected by a pipe P18, and the return cold water for cooling that has been circulated and warmed is the heating coil 24 or the heating coil 42.
It is cooled through the cold water tank 66 and the cold water outgoing header 68, and is discharged as cold water for cooling.

One end of the cooling coil 44 is connected to the outflow end of the cooling tower 70 by a pipe P19, and the pipe P19 and one ends of the cooling coils 36, 26, 20 are connected by a pipe P20, a pipe P21, and a pipe P22, respectively. The other end and the inflow end of the cooling tower 70 are connected by a pipe P23, and the pipe P23 and the other ends of the cooling coils 36, 26, 20 are connected by a pipe P24, a pipe P25, and a pipe P26, respectively. Storage alloy M1A, second hydrogen storage alloy M2A, first hydrogen storage alloy
M1B or the second hydrogen storage alloy M2B is cooled so that hydrogen can be stored therein.

The hot water heat exchanger 56 for heating is connected to the hot water return header 72 and the hot water outgoing header 74 by pipes P27 and P28, respectively, and the return hot water for heating that is circulated and cooled is heated hot water heat exchanger 56.
It is designed to be heated to flow out hot water for heating.

The outflow end of the low temperature water of about 45 to 50 ° C. generated by the fuel cell power generation device 50 and the inflow end of the returned low temperature water that circulates and returns to the fuel cell power generation device 50 are connected by pipes P9 and P51, respectively. , One end of the heat exchange coil 126 and the pipe P9 and the pipe P51 are connected by a pipe P50 and a pipe P52, respectively.
The other end of the heating coil 60 and one end of the heating coil 60 are connected by a pipe P11, and the other end of the heating coil 60 and the other end of the heat exchange coil 126 are connected by a pipe P12. Cools the hydrogen storage alloy MC or the hydrogen storage alloy MD through the heat exchange coil 122 or the heat exchange coil 126, so that the high temperature water heated to about 80 ° C. passes through the heating coil 60 and the hot water heat exchanger 62. The hot water inside is heated to about 60 ° C., and after heating the hydrogen storage alloy MD or the hydrogen storage alloy MC through the heat exchange coil 126 or the heat exchange coil 122, returns to the fuel cell power generator 50 and is heated by its exhaust heat. , Low temperature water of about 45 to 50 ° C, and again flows out to the pipe P9.

Solenoid valves V44 to V47 are provided in the pipe P9, the pipe P50, the pipe P51, and the pipe P52, respectively.

Electric power is usually obtained from the fuel cell power generator 50, a part of this power is stored in the battery 76 when the load is low such as at night, and the battery 76 is used in an emergency such as when the fuel cell power generator 50 goes down. Furthermore, the generator 75 is designed to backup the battery 76. Fuel cell power generator
The direct current from the battery 50 and the battery 76 is converted into an alternating current by an inverter (not shown) for use.

As shown in FIG. 2, the heating coils 18, 34, the cooling coil 26,
Solenoid valves V1 to V are provided at both ends of the heating coil 24, the cooling coil 44, the heating coil 42, and the cooling coils 20 and 36, respectively.
6, V9-V12, V15-V20 are connected.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described.

In the initial state, most of the hydrogen in the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 14 is stored in the second hydrogen storage alloy M2A, and most of the hydrogen in the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 16 is stored in the first hydrogen storage alloy M1B. It is assumed that most of the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage / desorption heat exchanger 124 and the hydrogen storage / desorption heat exchanger 128 is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy MC. In addition, solenoid valves V1 to V20, V
40 to V47 are all closed.

In the following, the second tank 30, the second tank 46 or the tank
The movement of hydrogen from 125 to the first tank 22, the first tank 38, or the tank 129 is called forward motion, and
The case where hydrogen moves from the tank 22, the first tank 38, or the tank 129 to the second tank 30, the second tank 46, or the tank 125, respectively, is called reverse operation.

Solenoid valves V3, V4, V9, V10, V11, V12, V17, V1
8. Open V41, V42, V45 and V46.

As a result, in the refrigerator 12, the warmed-back cold water at about 12 ° C heats the second hydrogen storage alloy M2A through the pipe P15 and the heating coil 24, and is cooled at about 32 ° C by the cooling tower 70. Water passes through the pipes P19, P22, and the cooling coil 20 to cool the first hydrogen storage alloy M1A.

Then, hydrogen is desorbed from the second hydrogen storage alloy M2A,
It moves through the pipe 32 into the first tank 22, is stored in the first hydrogen storage alloy M1A, absorbs heat in the second hydrogen storage alloy M2A, and radiates heat in the first hydrogen storage alloy M1A.

Therefore, the return cold water passing through the heating coil 24 is cooled to about 7 ° C. and is used for cooling through the pipe P17, the cold water tank 66, and the cold water outgoing header 68. On the other hand, the cooling water passing through the cooling coil 20 is heated, returned to the cooling tower 70 through the pipes P26 and P23, and is cooled again 32
It is cooled to about ℃.

At the same time, the cooling water of about 32 ° C. from the cooling tower 70 cools the second hydrogen storage alloy M2B through the pipe P19 and the cooling coil 44, and the steam from the fuel cell power generator 50 and the boiler 52 if necessary is piped. The first hydrogen storage alloy M1B is heated through P1, the pipe P4, the pipe P3 and the heating coil 34.

Then, hydrogen is desorbed from the first hydrogen storage alloy M1B,
The second hydrogen storage alloy M2B moves through the pipe 47 into the second tank 46 and is absorbed by the second hydrogen storage alloy M2B. The first hydrogen storage alloy M1B absorbs heat and the second hydrogen storage alloy M2B generates heat.

Therefore, the cooling water passing through the cooling coil 44 is heated, and the pipe P2
It returns to the cooling tower 70 through 3 and is discharged again as low temperature water of about 32 ° C. On the other hand, the steam passing through the heating coil 34 is cooled to be condensed water, which heats the hot water in the storage tank 62 through the pipe P7 and the heating coil 58, and is cooled by this, and passes through the pipe P8 and the hot water tank as described above. Returned to 54 or returned to the fuel cell power generation device 50 and converted to steam again by its exhaust heat, and flowed out to the pipe P1.

The hydrogen pressure and temperature in the second tank 46 at this time are indicated by point S in FIG. 3 (A), and the hydrogen pressure and temperature in the first tank 38 are indicated by point R in FIG. 3 (A). . In FIG. 3 (A), the straight lines indicated by M1A, M1B and M2A, M2B are the hydrogen storage / dissociation straight lines of the hydrogen storage alloy indicated by the reference symbols. In fact, this straight line has a certain width, and at the same temperature, the pressure becomes higher during hydrogen storage and lower during hydrogen desorption.

Similar to the operation of the refrigerator 12, the water heater 120,
The inside of the tank 125 is made low in pressure by the compressor 130, and the inside of the tank 129 is made high in pressure.

As a result, hydrogen is desorbed from the hydrogen storage alloy MC, and the solenoid valve V42, the compressor 130, the solenoid valve
It moves into the tank 129 through V41 and is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy MD, and the hydrogen storage alloy MC absorbs heat and the hydrogen storage alloy MD generates heat.

On the other hand, low-temperature water of about 45 to 50 ° C. that has been warmed by the exhaust heat flows out from the fuel cell power generator 50, and the pipe P9 and the heat exchange coil 12
The hydrogen storage alloy MD is cooled to about 100 ° C through 6 and hot water of about 80 ° C heated by this is pipe P12, heating coil 6
Passing 0, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 62 is heated and maintained at about 60 ° C. As a result, the temperature of the high temperature water passing through the heating coil 60 becomes about 60 ° C, and the hydrogen storage alloy MC passes through the pipe P11 and the heat exchange coil 122.
To about 35 ℃. The low-temperature water thus cooled returns to the fuel cell power generation device 50 through the pipe P51, and is discharged to the pipe P9 again as low-temperature water of about 45 to 50 ° C. due to its exhaust heat.

The hydrogen pressure and temperature in the tank 129 at this time are shown by point T in FIG. 3 (B), and the hydrogen pressure and temperature in the tank 125 are shown by point U in FIG. 3 (B). In FIG. 3 (B), the straight lines indicated by MC and MD are the hydrogen storage / dissociation lines of the hydrogen storage alloy. In fact, this straight line has a certain width, and at the same temperature, the pressure becomes higher during hydrogen storage and lower during hydrogen desorption.

The hot water in the heating hot water heat exchanger 56 and the hot water in the hot water supply heat exchanger 62 are also heated by steam from the fuel cell power generator 50 and, if necessary, steam from the boiler 52.

Next, in the refrigerator 12, when most of the hydrogen stored in the second hydrogen storage alloy M2A and the first hydrogen storage alloy M1B is desorbed, the operation direction is reversed. That is, the solenoid valves V3, V4, V9, V10, V11, V12, V17 and V18 are closed, and the solenoid valves V1, V2, V5, V6, V15, V16, V1 are closed.
Open 9 and V20. As a result, a forward direction operation similar to the forward direction operation performed in the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 14 is performed on the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 16, and the reverse direction operation is performed on the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 16. A reverse operation similar to the operation is performed for the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger 14.

Further, in the water heater 120, when most of the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy MC is desorbed, the operating direction is reversed. That is, the solenoid valves V41, V42, V45 and V46 are closed, and the solenoid valves V40, V43, V44 and V4 are closed.
Open 7. As a result, the pressure inside the tank 129 is reduced,
The pressure inside the tank 125 is increased. Therefore, the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy MD is desorbed and the solenoid valve V4
3. Moves into the tank 125 through the compressor 130 and the solenoid valve V40 and is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy MC, and the hydrogen storage alloy MD absorbs heat and the hydrogen storage alloy MC generates heat.

On the other hand, the low-temperature water from the fuel cell power generator 50 is heated to about 80 ° C. through the pipe P9 and the heat exchange coil 122, then passes through the pipe P11 and the heating coil 60 to heat the hot water in the hot water storage tank to about 60 ° C., The low-temperature water thus cooled passes through the pipe P13 and the heat exchange coil 126 to heat the hydrogen storage alloy MD, and the low-temperature water further cooled thereby returns to the fuel cell power generator 50 through the pipes P52 and P51. It is heated again to about 45 to 50 ° C. by the exhaust heat and is discharged to the pipe P9.

Therefore, it is possible to obtain hot water supply of about 60 ° C. and hot water for heating or cold water for cooling simultaneously and continuously.

In the refrigerator, when switching between the forward direction operation and the reverse direction operation, the solenoid valves V9, V10 or the solenoid valves V15, V16 are closed, but since the cooling water is stored in the cold water tank 66, it is continuous. Therefore, cold water for cooling can be obtained.

Next, based on FIG. 4, the cooling / heating water heater 10 of the second embodiment.
Explain A.

In the cooling and heating hot water supply device 10 shown in FIG. 1, the fuel cell power generation device 50 cannot be operated when the natural gas 48 is exhausted or the refiner 49 is down. In order to eliminate such a point, in the second embodiment, the cooling / heating water heater shown in FIG. 1 is used.
10 has the following configuration.

Solenoid valves V34 and V21 are provided in a pipe connecting the refumaer 49 and the fuel cell power generator 50. Pipe connecting the solenoid valves V34 and V21 and hydrogen storage alloy MH
A solenoid valve V22 and a compressor 98 are provided in a pipe connecting to the tank 94 in which is stored. A solenoid valve V23 is interposed in a pipe connecting the solenoid valve V21 and the fuel cell power generation device 50 and a pipe connecting the tank 94. A heating coil 90 and a cooling coil 92 are provided in the tank 94. This heating coil 90 is a tube P30,
It communicates with the warm water tank 95 via a pipe P31. Tube P31
A solenoid valve V24 and a pump 96 are installed in this. A heating coil 99 is provided in the hot water tank 95, and the heating coil 99 is connected to the hot water supply heat exchanger 62 by the pipes P34 and P35. One end of the cooling coil 92 has a pipe P3.
2 is connected to the cold water return header 68, and the other end of the cooling coil 92 is connected to the cold water return header 64 via the pipe P33. A solenoid valve V25 is provided in the pipe P33.

Next, the operation of the device attached as described above will be described.

At the start of operation, open the solenoid valves V34 and V21,
Close the solenoid valves V22 to V25, and turn off the pump 96 and the compressor 98. In this state, the same operation as that of the first embodiment is performed.

When the electric power load is low, the solenoid valve V22 is opened and the solenoid valve V25 is opened.

As a result, a part of the cold water cooled by the refrigerator 12 is
The hydrogen storage alloy MH is cooled through the cold water flow header 68, the pipe P32, and the cooling coil 92. Therefore, the hydrogen from the refiner 49 is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy MH. However, when the amount of cold water is insufficient or the hydrogen absorption reaction is slow, the compressor 98 is turned on to forcibly fill the MH tank 94 with hydrogen. When the stored amount becomes sufficient or the electric power becomes a heavy load, the solenoid valves V22 and V25 are closed and the compressor 98 is also turned off.

If the natural gas 48 is shut off due to an accident or the lifter 49 goes down, close the solenoid valve V21,
The solenoid valves V23, 24 are opened and the pump 96 is turned on. As a result, the hot water in the hot water tank 95 passes through the pipe P31 and the heating coil 90, the hydrogen storage alloy MH is heated and the tank 94 is depressurized, and the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy MH is desorbed. It is supplied to the fuel cell power generator 50.

Therefore, even if the hydrogen supply from the reformer 49 is temporarily cut off in such an emergency, the fuel cell power generator 50
Can be operated continuously.

When restored, the solenoid valve V21 is opened, the solenoid valves V23 and V24 are closed, and the pump 96 is turned off.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In the heating / cooling water heater 10B shown in Fig. 1, there are cases where an auxiliary heat source such as a boiler is required from the viewpoint of the balance between the primary heat source capacity and the heating / cooling / hot water supply load, so fire management becomes difficult. There is also. In order to eliminate this point, in the third embodiment, the cooling and heating water heater 10 shown in FIG. 1 is provided with the following structure.

The electric power generated by the fuel cell power generation device 50 is also supplied to the heat recovery heat pump 104.

This heat recovery heat pump 104 includes a main heat exchanger 108 having a coil 106 and a sub heat exchanger 11 having a coil 110.
2 and the outside air heat exchanger 114, the main heat exchanger 108, the auxiliary heat exchanger 112 is configured by a refrigerator, the outside air heat exchanger 114 is the release of exhaust heat from the main heat exchanger 108 to the atmosphere, or Main heat exchanger 1
Get heat from the atmosphere to 08.

One end of the coil 106 and the hot water return header 72 are the hot and cold water pipe P40 and the pipe.
It is connected by P401, and pipe P40 and cold water return header 64 are pipe P41.
The other end of the coil 106 and the hot water outgoing header 74 are connected by a cold / hot water pipe P42 and a pipe P421, and the pipe P42 and a cold water tank are connected.
66 is connected by a pipe P42 and a pipe P422, one end of the coil 110 and the hot water return header 72 are connected by a cold / hot water pipe P44 and a pipe P441, the pipe P44 and a cold water return header 64 are connected by a pipe P45, and a coil The other end of 110 and the hot water flow header 74 are the hot and cold water pipes P46
Is connected by a pipe P461, and the pipe P46 and the cold water tank 66 are connected by a pipe P47. The pipes P41, P45, P47, P401, P421, P422, P441, P461 between the branch points of the pipes and the respective headers are provided with solenoid valves V26 to V33, respectively.

Next, the device attached as described above will be described.

At the start of operation, close the solenoid valves V26 to V33. When the cold water from the refrigerator 12 or the hot water from the hot water heat exchanger 56 is insufficient, the valve is operated as follows.

In the case of the cooling main operation, the return heat is cooled by the main heat exchanger 108,
When the return hot water is heated by the sub heat exchanger 112, the solenoid valves V27, V29, V30, V32 are opened. This allows
The returned cold water is cooled through the pipes P41, P40 and the coil 106 to become the incoming cold water, and the pipes P42, P422, the cold water tank 66, the cold water outgoing header 68.
And used as cold water for cooling. Return warm water pipe P44
1, heated through the pipe P44 and the coil 110 to become outgoing warm water, which passes through the pipe P46, the pipe P461, and the hot water outgoing header 74 and is used as hot water for heating.

Next, in the heating main operation, when the main heat exchanger 108 heats the return hot water and when the sub heat exchanger 112 cools the return cold water, the solenoid valves V26, V28, V31, V33 are opened. As a result, the return hot water is heated through the pipes P401, P40, and the coil 106 to become the outgoing hot water, and the pipes P42, P421, and the outgoing hot water header 74 are provided.
It is used as hot water for heating. Return cold water is pipe P4
5, the water is cooled through P44 and the coil 110 to become the incoming cold water, passes through the pipes P46 and P47, the cold water tank 66, the cold water outgoing header 68, and is used as the cold water for cooling.

Therefore, even if the cold water for cooling by the refrigerator 12 or the hot water by the hot water heat exchanger 56 is insufficient, by driving the heat recovery heat pump 104 with the power from the fuel cell power generator 50, sufficient cold water or Hot water can be obtained.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

This cooling / heating hot water supply device 10C has both the device attached to the cooling / heating water supply device 10 in the cooling / heating water supply device 10A and the device attached to the cooling / heating water supply device 10 in the cooling / heating water supply device 10B.

Therefore, in the fourth embodiment, the improvement effect of the second embodiment and the improvement effect of the third embodiment can be obtained.

〔The invention's effect〕

In the cooling and heating water heater according to the present invention, the steam obtained from the fuel cell power generator as exhaust heat is supplied to the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger of the refrigerator as a heat source for heating to obtain the cooling cold water for cooling, and at the same time. By supplying low temperature water of about 40 to 50 ° C. obtained from the fuel cell power generator as exhaust heat to the hydrogen absorption / desorption exchanger of the water heater as a heat source for cooling, there is an excellent effect that hot water can be obtained.

Moreover, there is also an excellent effect that the hot water supply and the cold water for cooling can be continuously obtained by alternately performing the forward direction operation and the reverse direction operation for the refrigerator and the hot water supply device.

In addition, the operation of the refrigerator and the water heater can be achieved by simply opening and closing the valve connected to the heat exchange coil and electrically driving the compressor, so the operation is extremely simple.
Further, there is also an excellent effect that it is not necessary to periodically replenish the fuel unlike a boiler, it is easy to handle, and there is no need to consider fire prevention because there is no fire source.

In addition, the heat efficiency is much higher than in the case of using the electric heater and the electric refrigerator to obtain the hot water and the cooling water for cooling, and there is also an excellent effect that the running cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a fluid circuit diagram showing the configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a fluid circuit diagram of the refrigerator 12, which also shows valves not shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 (A) and 3 (B) show the hydrogen dissociation line of the hydrogen storage alloy as the reciprocal of absolute temperature and that of hydrogen. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the pressure and the operating points of forward operation and reverse operation, FIG. 4 is a fluid circuit diagram showing the configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a fluid circuit diagram showing the configuration of the embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a fluid circuit diagram showing the configuration of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. 12 …… Refrigerator 14,16 …… Hydrogen adsorption / desorption heat exchanger 18,24,34,42,60 …… Heating coil 20,28,36,40 …… Cooling coil 22,38 …… First tank 30, 46 …… Second tank 50 …… Fuel cell generator 52 …… Boiler 62 …… Hot water heat exchanger 70 …… Cooling tower 94 …… Tank 98 …… Complexer 104 …… Heat recovery heat pump 120 …… Hot water heater 122 , 126 …… Heat exchange coil 124,128 …… Hydrogen adsorption / desorption heat exchanger 125,129 …… Tank 130 …… Complexer M1A, M1B …… First hydrogen storage alloy M2A, M2B …… Second hydrogen storage alloy MC, MD, MH ... Hydrogen storage alloy

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The hydrogen dissociation pressure is low pressure P _{L at the} same temperature.
The first hydrogen storage alloy (M1A, M1B) and the second hydrogen storage alloy (M2A, M2B) whose dissociation pressure is high pressure P _H (P _H > P _L ), respectively, have heating coils (18 , 34, 24, 42) and cooling coils (20, 36, 26, 44) are contained in a first tank (22, 38) and a second tank (30, 46), and the two tanks communicate with each other. Hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger (14, 16)
Refrigerator (12) with multiple units installed, a fuel cell power generator (50) that discharges exhaust heat as steam and low-temperature water, and a second hydrogen storage alloy (M2A, M2B) that desorbs hydrogen from the first In the forward direction operation in which hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy (M1A, M1B), the return cooling water for cooling is passed through the heating coil (24, 42) in the second tank (30, 46), and the fluid is passed through the first hydrogen. Pass through the cooling coil (20, 36) of the storage alloy (M1A, M1B) to desorb hydrogen from the first hydrogen storage alloy (M1A, M1B) and store hydrogen in the second hydrogen storage alloy (M2A, M2B). In the reverse operation, the steam from the fuel cell power generator (50) is passed through the heating coils (18, 34) in the first tank (22, 38) and the fluid is passed through the second tank (30, 46). Pass through the cooling coils (26, 44) inside, and a plurality of hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchangers (14, 1)
At least one unit of 6) is operated in the forward direction, and at the same time, the remaining hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger (14 or 16) is operated in the reverse direction, and the first fluid connection is performed by alternately performing the forward operation and the backward operation. A circuit and a heating coil (60) are provided in the hot water storage tank, a hot water heat exchanger (62) for discharging hot water and a heat exchange coil (122, 126) in the tank (125, 129), At least one pair of hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchangers (124, 128) containing a hydrogen storage alloy in the tank is provided, and the pair of hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchangers (124, 128) is used as a compressor (130). ) Through the compressor (1
30) is started, and the inside of one of the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchangers (124 or 128), which are communicated with each other, is made to have a pressure higher than the hydrogen dissociation pressure and the other hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger (128 or 24). ) The water heater (120) whose pressure is lower than the hydrogen dissociation pressure, and the low-temperature water from the fuel cell power generator (50) are fed to the heat exchange coil (124 or 128) of the high-pressure side hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger (124 or 128). 122 or 1
26), then the heating coil (60) of the hot water heat exchanger (62), and then the hydrogen absorption / desorption heat exchanger (128) on the low pressure side.
Or 124), and a second fluid connection circuit for passing through the heat exchange coil (126 or 122) and then returning to the fuel cell power generation device (50) for circulation.