JPH079128Y2 - Binocular optics - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Purpose of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention is a binocular observation optical device for stereoscopically observing an object to be observed such as a binocular inversion mirror, a binocular stereomicroscope, or a surgical microscope. Regarding

More specifically, it relates to a mechanism for changing the luminous flux interval or the baseline length of the left and right luminous fluxes guided to the left and right eyepiece optical paths in the binocular observation optical device.

(Prior Art) As an example of this type of binocular observation optical device, for example,
A binocular inversion mirror I as shown in the figure is known. In FIG. 7, the fundus R of the eye E to be inspected, which is an object to be observed, is once imaged as an inversion image R ′ by the aspherical lens L that is separate from the binocular inversion mirror I. The binocular inversion mirror I is used to observe this inversion image R '. In this binocular inversion mirror I, the light flux fr from the inversion image R ′ reflected by the first mirror 1 (first reflecting member) is reflected by the second mirror 2 (second reflecting member) and the right eyepiece lens 5 On the other hand, the light flux from the inversion image R'reflected by the third mirror 3 (third reflecting member) is guided to
fl is reflected by the fourth mirror 4 (fourth reflecting member) and guided to the left eyepiece lens 6. Therefore, the examiner can stereoscopically observe the fundus R by observing the inverted image R'via the two eyepieces 5 and 6.

In such a binocular image mirror I, if the arrangement of the first to fourth mirrors 1 to 4 is fixed, the interval (or base line length) D of the light beams fr and fl is fixed, so that the eye E to be inspected is fixed. It is necessary to dilate the pupil P with a mydriatic agent accordingly. However, instillation of the mydriatic drug has a harmful effect of increasing the intraocular pressure.

Further, even if the pupil of the eye to be inspected is dilated by using a mydriatic agent, there is individual difference in the diameter of the pupil of the eye to be inspected, so that the pupil of the eye to be inspected may not always be satisfactory. Sometimes you can't. Therefore, a binocular observation optical device has been conventionally considered so that the fundus can be observed even with a small pupil diameter, that is, even if the interval (or base line length) of the light beams fr and fl is small (interval d> D). There is.

A first example of this binocular inversion mirror is a first mirror 1 and a third mirror.
A mirror is integrally provided so as to be movable back and forth with respect to the inverted image R'as shown by an arrow A, and the first mirror 1 and the third mirror 3 are moved to positions 1 ', 3'shown by broken lines. Light fluxes fr ', fl' are reflected by the first and third mirrors 1, 3 moved to the positions 1 ', 3'and reflected by the first and third mirrors 1, 3 in the solid line positions. It is considered to be configured to match fl. As a second example, the first and third mirrors 1 and 3 are fixed, and the second and fourth mirrors 2 and 4 are separated from the first and third mirrors 1 and 3 in the direction of arrow B. By moving the second and fourth mirrors 2 and 4 to positions 2 ′ and 4 ′ outside the solid line position, the small-interval light fluxes fr ′ and fl ′ are configured to match the light fluxes fr and fl. Things are being considered.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, in the above-described first example in which the first and third mirrors 1 and 3 are moved in the direction of arrow A, the binocular image mirror I is enlarged in the front-rear direction. There was a drawback to do. Also, the second,
In the second example of moving the fourth mirrors 2 and 4 in the direction of arrow B,
The binocular mirror I has a drawback that it becomes large in the left-right direction.

Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, an object of the present invention is to provide a binocular observation optical device capable of changing an interval (or base line length) of observation light beams by a reflection movement mechanism which is completely different from the conventional one. The purpose is.

Configuration of the Invention (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a first reflecting member that reflects light from an object to be observed, and a reflected light from the first reflecting member. A second reflecting member for guiding the light to the right eye eyepiece optical path, and a third reflecting member for reflecting light from the object to be observed,
In the binocular observation optical device having a fourth reflecting member for reflecting the reflected light from the third reflecting member and guiding it to the eyepiece optical path for the left eye, the first and second reflecting members are connected to the first parallel link mechanism. The third and fourth reflecting members are held by the pair of parallel swing arms, respectively, and the third and fourth reflecting members are held by the pair of parallel swing arms of the second parallel link mechanism. It is characterized in that the binocular observation optical device is provided with an operation mechanism for simultaneously turning the turning arm of the second link mechanism in opposite directions and at the same angle.

(Operation) According to such a configuration, by operating the operating mechanism, the first and second parallel link mechanisms are simultaneously operated, and the swivel arm pairs of the first and second parallel link mechanisms move in opposite directions. Can be turned to the same angle. As a result, the first and second reflecting members held by the one turning arm pair and the third and fourth reflecting members held by the other turning arm pair are turned in opposite directions. As a result, it is possible to change the distance between the left and right light beams (or the baseline length) observed through the left and right eyepieces. Since each reflecting member only makes a turning motion, it does not require the space required for the front-back movement or the lateral movement as in the conventional example, and therefore the binocular observing optical device does not become large.

(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

<First Embodiment> FIGS. 1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 10 is a rectangular frame-shaped support member. Guide grooves 11, 11 are formed on the inner surfaces of the short sides 10a, 10a on both sides of the support member 10, and the guide grooves 11, 11 are formed.
Both ends of the movable support plate 12 are held therein so as to be slidable in the direction in which the short sides 10a, 10a extend. This movable support plate 12
As shown in FIG. 3, it is formed in a box shape having an opening at the bottom. The movable support plate 12 is a box-shaped body having a substantially C-shaped cross section, with its opening facing downward.
Both side edge portions 12 extending in the longitudinal direction of the movable support plate 12
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, guide grooves 13, 13 extending to both ends of the movable support plate are formed in a and 12a.

On the other hand, the upper surface 12b of the movable support plate 12 (see FIGS. 2 and 4)
Pins 14 and 14 are planted in the vicinity of both ends of the support member 10, and a portion near both ends of the upper surface of one of the two long sides of the support member 10 (in the pins 14 and 14). (Corresponding position)
Also pins 15 and 15 are planted. This each corresponding pin 1
A tension coil spring 16 is stretched between 4 and 15, and the tension coil spring 16 constantly urges the movable support plate 12 in the arrow 17 direction, that is, in the pins 15, 15. This movable support plate 1
A right-angled triangular block 18 having a bottom side facing the side opposite to the pins 15 and 15 is fixed to the central portion of the upper surface 12b of the second member 12.

The bearing 10 is integrally formed on one upper surface of the short side 10a, 10a of the support member 10 described above, and the bearing 19 is formed with a female screw 20 extending toward the sloped surface 18a of the block 18. A male screw 22 formed on a rod 21 is screwed onto the screw 20 so as to be movable back and forth. Moreover, the hemispherical tip portion 21a of the rod 21 contacts the slope 18a of the block 18 to prevent the movable support plate 12 from moving toward the pins 15 and 15 side due to the spring force of the tension coil spring 16. A handle 23 is attached to the base end of the rod 21, and the rod 21 can be moved back and forth with respect to the slope 18a of the block 18 by rotating the handle 23. Then, when the rod 21 is advanced to the block 18, the hemispherical tip of the rod 21
21a relatively slides on the slope 18a in the direction toward the apex side of the block 18, and the block 18 is displaced in the direction away from the pins 15 and 15 side (downward in FIG. 2). On the contrary, when the rod 21 is retracted from the block 18, the movable supporting plate 12 is moved by the spring force of the tension coil springs 16 and 16 in the arrow 17 direction, that is, toward the pins 15 and 15.

In the guide grooves 13, 13 of the movable support plate 12 described above, both side portions of the two movable plates 31, 32 are slidably held.

Pins 33 and 34 are planted at both ends of the one movable plate 31. A swivel arm 35 is attached to the pin 33 so as to be swivelable. Similarly, the swivel arm 36 is attached to the pin 34.
One end of is attached so as to be rotatable. Moreover, the other end of the revolving arm 35 is a pin that is planted on the lower surface of the support member 10.
It is pivotally mounted on 37 and likewise has a swivel arm
The other end of 36 is also pivotably attached to a pin 38 planted on the lower surface of the support member 10. With the above configuration, the movable plate 31 and the turning arms 35 and 36 constitute the first parallel link mechanism 7 having the pins 37 and 38 as turning points.

The second reflecting mirror 2 having the reflecting surface 2a is attached to the swivel arm 35 as a second reflecting member, and the first mirror 1 having the reflecting surface 1a is similarly attached to the swivel arm 36 as the first reflecting member. It is installed.

Further, pins 41 and 42 are planted at both ends of the other movable plate 32. One end of a turning arm 43 is turnably attached to the pin 41, and similarly, the turning arm 43 is attached to the pin 42.
One end of 44 is pivotally mounted. Moreover, the other end of the swivel arm 43 is rotatably attached to the pin 38 planted on the lower surface of the support member 10, and similarly, the other end of the swivel arm 44 is also planted on the lower surface of the support member 10. It is pivotally attached to the pin 45. With the above configuration, the movable plate 32 and the turning arms 43 and 44 constitute the second parallel link mechanism 8 having the pins 38 and 45 as turning points.

A third reflecting mirror 3 having a reflecting surface 3a is attached to the swivel arm 43 as a third reflecting member, and a fourth mirror 4 having a reflecting surface 4a is similarly attached to the swivel arm 44 as a fourth reflecting member. It is installed.

Moreover, the second parallel link mechanism 8 has a structure that is symmetrical with respect to the first parallel link mechanism 7 with respect to the axis 0 as the axis of symmetry.

Next, the operation of the binocular observation optical device having such a configuration will be described.

In order to stereoscopically observe the fundus of the eye to be inspected with a large pupil diameter by such a binocular observation optical device, turn the handle 23,
By retracting the rod 21 to a predetermined position, the first to fourth mirrors 1 to 4 are moved to the positions shown by solid lines in the schematic view of FIG.
Place 4 In this arrangement, the right-eye light flux fr is reflected in the order of the first mirror 1 and the second mirror 2 as shown by the solid line and guided to the right-eye eyepiece 5, while the left-eye light flux fl is shown by the solid line. The third mirror 3 and the fourth mirror 4 are reflected in this order and guided to the right eye ocular lens 6.

In addition, when measuring the fundus of the eye with a small pupil diameter, the handle
The rod 21 is advanced to the block 18 side by turning 23 in the opposite direction to the above. As a result, the hemispherical tip portion 18a of the rod 21
Tries to climb up the slope 18a of block 18,
The block 18 is in the direction of the arrow 24 in FIG.
Receives a force in the direction away from. Therefore, the movable support plate
12 is moved in the direction of arrow 24 against the tensile force of the tension coil springs 16, 16. By this movement of the movable support plate 12,
The movable plates 31, 32 held in the guide grooves 13, 13 of the movable support plate 12 are also moved by the same amount in the same direction.

However, since the movable plate 31 and the swivel arms 35 and 36 constitute the first parallel link mechanism 7, and the movable plate 32 and the swivel arms 43 and 44 constitute the second parallel link mechanism 8, the movable plate 31 , 3
The two are moved in the same direction as the movable support plate 12 by the same amount, and at the same time, are displaced in the directions in which they approach each other. As a result, the pair of swivel arms 35 and 36 of the first parallel link mechanism 7 and the pair of swivel arms 43 and 44 of the second parallel link mechanism 8 are swung inward (in opposite directions) by the same amount. It will be. At this time, since the swivel arms 35, 36 and 43, 44 swivel in parallel with each other, the first mirror 1 and the second mirror 2 held by the swivel arms 35, 36 are kept in parallel with each other and broken lines in FIG. 5 to the positions 1 ', 2', and the third and fourth mirrors 3, 4 held by the swivel arms 43, 44 are kept parallel to each other and swung to the positions 3 ', 4'in broken lines in FIG. Moving.

With such a new mirror arrangement, the right-eye light flux fr ′ having a narrow interval (or base line length) can generate the first and second mirrors at the positions 1 ′ and 2 ′ as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. It is reflected by 1, 2 and is guided to the right eyepiece lens 5 in the same optical path as the right eye light flux fr. Similarly, a right-eye flux with a narrow spacing (or baseline length)
fl ′ is reflected by the third and fourth mirrors 3 and 4 at the positions 3 ′ and 4 ′ as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 5, and the right eyepiece lens 6 has the same optical path as the right eye light flux fl. Guided by.

<Second Embodiment> FIG. 6 shows an example in which the above-described reflecting member moving mechanism is incorporated in a stereoscopic microscope 100 typified by a surgical microscope. In this embodiment, the first to fourth mirrors 1 to 4 as reflecting members are interposed between the single objective lens 101 and the left and right variable power optical systems 102 and 102. In the figure, 103 and 103 are erecting optical systems. Also in this embodiment, the mechanism for holding the first to fourth mirrors 1 to 4 is the same as that in the above embodiment, and by moving the first to fourth mirrors 1 to 4 to the positions 1'to 4 ', the right eye light is emitted. The distance (or baseline length) between the bundle fr and the left-eye luminous flux fl is fr ′, fl ′
And the stereoscopic viewing angle θ is changed to θ ′, so that the stereoscopic effect can be changed.

Effect of the Invention Since the present invention is configured as described above, the configuration for changing the interval (or the base line length) of the left and right observation light beams does not become large as in the conventional case.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a bottom view showing the structure of a reflecting member moving mechanism of a binocular observation optical device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the reflecting member moving mechanism of FIG. , FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an essential part taken along line III-III of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is of FIG.
IV-IV sectional view, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining the action of the reflecting member moving mechanism shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, and FIG. 6 is the reflection shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. FIG. 7 is an optical layout diagram showing an example in which the member moving mechanism is used in a binocular stereoscopic microscope, and FIG. 7 is an optical layout diagram of a binocular inversion mirror as an example of a conventional binocular observation optical device. 1 ... 1st mirror (1st reflecting member) 2 ... 2nd mirror (2nd reflecting member) 3 ... 3rd mirror (3rd reflecting member) 4 ... 4th mirror (4th reflecting member) 7 ... … First parallel link mechanism 8 …… Second parallel link mechanism 12 …… Movable support member (operating mechanism) 13 …… Guide groove (operating mechanism) 16 …… Tension coil spring (operating mechanism) 18 …… Block (operating mechanism) 20 …… Female screw (operating mechanism) 21 …… Rod (operating mechanism) 22 …… Feed screw (operating mechanism) 23 …… Handle (operating mechanism)

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A first reflecting member that reflects light from an object to be observed, a second reflecting member that reflects the reflected light from the first reflecting member and guides it to a right-eye eyepiece optical path, and A binocular observation optical device having a third reflecting member that reflects light from an observation object and a fourth reflecting member that reflects the reflected light from the third reflecting member and guides it to the left eyepiece optical path, The first and second reflecting members are respectively held by a pair of mutually parallel turning arms of the first parallel link mechanism, and the third and fourth
An operation of holding the reflecting member on a pair of revolving arms of the second parallel link mechanism which are parallel to each other, and simultaneously revolving the revolving arm of the first parallel link mechanism and the revolving arm of the second link mechanism in opposite directions at the same angle. A binocular observation optical device characterized by having a mechanism.