JPH0790429A - Electrode material for resistant welding and its manufacture - Google Patents
Electrode material for resistant welding and its manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0790429A JPH0790429A JP24749293A JP24749293A JPH0790429A JP H0790429 A JPH0790429 A JP H0790429A JP 24749293 A JP24749293 A JP 24749293A JP 24749293 A JP24749293 A JP 24749293A JP H0790429 A JPH0790429 A JP H0790429A
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- electrode
- electrode material
- welded
- crystallized
- longitudinal direction
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、自動車産業等で使用さ
れるメッキ鋼板、アルミニウムおよびアルミニウム合金
板をスポット溶接する際の長寿命の抵抗スポット溶接用
電極材料およびその製造方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a long-life resistance spot welding electrode material for spot welding of plated steel sheets, aluminum and aluminum alloy sheets used in the automobile industry and the like and a method for producing the same.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】Ｚｎメ
ッキ鋼板、アルミ合金板の点溶接における電極の寿命低
下は、自動車生産において大きな問題であり、長寿命の
点溶接電極が要望されている。この点溶接電極の寿命を
改善する手段として、電極材の導電率、熱伝導率、耐熱
性等の特性向上が必要と考えられる。例えば、Ｃｕ中に
0.8wt％（以下wt％を単に％と略記）程度のＣｒを含有
させ、析出硬化を利用して強化させたＣｕ−Ｃｒ合金、
或いは、Ｃｕ中にＡｌ2 Ｏ3 やＴｉＯ2 等の酸化物粒子
を約１％程度添加し、分散させた粒子分散型Ｃｕ合金が
使用されている。2. Description of the Related Art The reduction of electrode life in spot welding of Zn-plated steel sheets and aluminum alloy sheets is a serious problem in automobile production, and there is a demand for long-life spot welding electrodes. In order to improve the life of the spot welding electrode, it is considered necessary to improve the characteristics of the electrode material such as electric conductivity, thermal conductivity and heat resistance. For example, in Cu
A Cu-Cr alloy containing about 0.8 wt% (hereinafter wt% is simply referred to as%) of Cr and strengthened by utilizing precipitation hardening,
Alternatively, a particle-dispersed Cu alloy in which about 1% of oxide particles such as Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2 are added and dispersed in Cu is used.
【０００３】しかしながらこれら電極材料では、上記要
請を十分満足するまでには至っていない。殊に、アルミ
合金板の点溶接においてはＡｌと電極のＣｕが反応し
て、脆い合金層が形成され、この合金層が剥離していく
現象が生じる為、電極の寿命が短くなるという問題がク
ローズアップされている。However, these electrode materials have not yet sufficiently satisfied the above requirements. In particular, in spot welding of an aluminum alloy plate, Al reacts with Cu of the electrode to form a brittle alloy layer, and the phenomenon of the alloy layer peeling occurs, which shortens the life of the electrode. It has been closed up.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明はこれに鑑み検討
の結果、溶接電極として要求される熱伝導性、導電性が
良好で高温強度、高温耐熱性に優れた長寿命の、メッキ
鋼板、アルミニウムおよびアルミニウム合金の抵抗スポ
ット溶接用電極材料とその製造方法を開発したものであ
る。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been studied in view of the above, and as a result, a plated steel sheet having a long life, which is required for a welding electrode, has good thermal conductivity, good electrical conductivity, high temperature strength, and high temperature heat resistance, This is an electrode material for resistance spot welding of aluminum and aluminum alloys and a method for manufacturing the same.
【０００５】即ち本発明の電極材料は、被溶接板材に当
接して通電することにより該板材をスポット溶接する電
極材料において、Ｃｒ： 1.5〜20wt％を含み、またはさ
らにＳｉ，Ｐ，Ｍｇ，Ｃｏ，Ａｇ，Ｎｉ，Ｂｅ，Ａｌ，
Ｓｎ，Ｚｒのうち１種又は２種以上をそれぞれ１％以下
含有し、残部Ｃｕと不可避的不純物からなり、かつ晶出
Ｃｒ粒子の長手方向が該電極を被溶接板材に当接した際
に該板材の板面方向とほぼ平行であり、ビッカース硬度
が 140以上であることを特徴とするものである。That is, the electrode material of the present invention is an electrode material for spot welding a plate material to be welded by abutting on the plate material to be welded and containing Cr: 1.5 to 20 wt%, or further Si, P, Mg, Co. , Ag, Ni, Be, Al,
One or two or more of Sn and Zr are contained in an amount of 1% or less, respectively, and the balance consists of Cu and inevitable impurities, and the longitudinal direction of the crystallized Cr particles are It is characterized by being substantially parallel to the plate surface direction of the plate material and having a Vickers hardness of 140 or more.
【０００６】また本発明の電極材料の製造方法は、Ｃ
ｒ： 1.5〜20wt％を含み、またはさらにＳｉ，Ｐ，Ｍ
ｇ，Ｃｏ，Ａｇ，Ｎｉ，Ｂｅ，Ａｌ，Ｓｎ，Ｚｒのうち
１種又は２種以上をそれぞれ１％以下含有するＣｕ合金
溶湯を鋳造時に温度勾配を設けるか、または溶製後塑性
加工により晶出Ｃｒ粒子の長手方向を一方向に揃え、そ
の後 800〜1050℃で溶体化処理を行った後、冷間加工を
行い、しかる後 400〜 550℃で時効処理を施すことを特
徴とするものである。The method for producing the electrode material of the present invention is C
r: 1.5 to 20 wt%, or further Si, P, M
A Cu alloy melt containing 1% or less of each of g, Co, Ag, Ni, Be, Al, Sn and Zr in an amount of 1% or less is provided with a temperature gradient during casting, or crystal is formed by plastic working after melting. It is characterized by aligning the longitudinal direction of the extruded Cr particles in one direction, then performing solution treatment at 800 to 1050 ° C, cold working, and then performing aging treatment at 400 to 550 ° C. is there.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】本来、Ｃｕ−Ｃｒ合金のＣｒ固溶限界量は 0.8
％であり、これ以上の添加量は硬化に寄与しない。従っ
て、本発明においては、マトリックスは通常のＣｒ 0.8
％−Ｃｕ合金と同様であり、これに固溶限以上のＣｒを
添加したことにより、マトリックス中にＣｒが晶出分散
した組織を得るものである。すなわちＣｕ−Ｃｒ析出硬
化型合金のマトリックス中にＣｒ晶出物が分散した複合
材料と見なすことができるものである。この分散した晶
出物が、被溶接板材と電極との反応を抑制する効果をも
つものである。[Function] Originally, the Cr solid solution limit amount of Cu-Cr alloy is 0.8
%, And addition amounts above this level do not contribute to curing. Therefore, in the present invention, the matrix is ordinary Cr 0.8.
% -Cu alloy, and by adding Cr to the solid solution limit or more, a structure in which Cr is crystallized and dispersed in the matrix is obtained. That is, it can be regarded as a composite material in which Cr crystallized substances are dispersed in the matrix of the Cu-Cr precipitation hardening type alloy. The dispersed crystallized substances have the effect of suppressing the reaction between the plate material to be welded and the electrode.
【０００８】第１の本発明電極材料において、主成分の
Ｃｒは過共晶組成とし、初晶Ｃｒを晶出させるために添
加するものであり、 1.5％未満では初晶Ｃｒの晶出量が
十分ではなく、電極寿命の改善の効果が見受けられな
い。また、20％を越えると鋳造性が悪く、健全な鋳塊を
得る事が難しくなってくる上に導電率の低下もかなり大
きくなってくる。また、冷間加工性、切削性といったこ
とに対しても悪影響を及ぼす。In the electrode material of the first aspect of the present invention, the main component Cr is a hypereutectic composition and is added to crystallize the primary crystal Cr. If it is less than 1.5%, the amount of the primary crystal Cr crystallized. It is not sufficient, and the effect of improving the electrode life cannot be seen. On the other hand, if it exceeds 20%, the castability will be poor, and it will be difficult to obtain a sound ingot, and the decrease in conductivity will be considerably large. In addition, it has an adverse effect on cold workability and machinability.
【０００９】即ち、Ｃｒ： 1.5〜20％を含むＣｕ基合金
で、ＣｒがＣｕマトリックス中に晶出して分散されてい
れば、熱伝導性及び電気伝導性を余り低下させずに高強
度と高温耐熱性を持つことが可能であり、電極寿命の改
善が図れることがわかった。That is, in a Cu-based alloy containing Cr: 1.5 to 20%, if Cr is crystallized and dispersed in a Cu matrix, the thermal conductivity and the electrical conductivity are not significantly deteriorated, and high strength and high temperature are obtained. It was found that it is possible to have heat resistance and the life of the electrode can be improved.
【００１０】しかし、検討の結果、このＣｒ晶出物は、
その分布が重要であることが判明した。すなわち、初晶
Ｃｒに方向性を持たせると、鋳造時にデンドライト状に
晶出した場合に比べて、同じ晶出量でも微細に分散した
場合よりも電極寿命の改善効果が高いことが判った。特
にＣｒ晶出物の長手方向を電極を被溶接板材に当接した
際に該板材の板面方向とほぼ平行となるようにしたもの
ほど電極寿命が長かった。この、メカニズムについては
詳細にはわかっていないが、分散したＣｒが被溶接材と
の反応を抑制する効果が有効に働くためであると考えら
れる。However, as a result of examination, this Cr crystallized substance was
The distribution turned out to be important. That is, it has been found that when the primary crystal Cr is made directional, the effect of improving the electrode life is higher than when finely dispersed even with the same amount of crystallization, as compared with the case of crystallization in a dendrite state during casting. In particular, the longer the electrode life was, the more the longitudinal direction of the Cr crystallized product was made substantially parallel to the plate surface direction of the plate material when the electrode was brought into contact with the plate material to be welded. Although the mechanism is not known in detail, it is considered that this is because the dispersed Cr effectively acts to suppress the reaction with the material to be welded.
【００１１】このような初晶Ｃｒに方向性を持たせる方
法としては、凝固時に温度勾配を設ける、いわゆる一方
向凝固や、通常の方法によりインゴットを作製したの
ち、熱間押出しすることによって比較的簡単に実現でき
る。この後の引き抜きなどの冷間加工も有効である。As a method for imparting directionality to such primary crystal Cr, a temperature gradient is provided during solidification, so-called unidirectional solidification, or an ingot is prepared by a usual method, and then hot extrusion is carried out to obtain a relatively high temperature. Easy to achieve. Cold working such as subsequent drawing is also effective.
【００１２】なお、晶出Ｃｒ粒子の長手方向に直角な断
面における粒径の平均が 0.1〜70μｍであり、かつ粒子
の長手方向と直角方向の比（アスペクト比）が 1.5〜50
である場合に電極の長寿命化の効果が顕著である。The average grain size of the crystallized Cr grains in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is 0.1 to 70 μm, and the ratio (aspect ratio) of the grains to the longitudinal direction is 1.5 to 50.
In this case, the effect of extending the life of the electrode is remarkable.
【００１３】次に第２の本発明電極材料であるＣｒ：
1.5〜20％、Ｓｉ，Ｐ，Ｍｇ，Ｃｏ，Ａｇ，Ｎｉ，Ｂ
ｅ，Ａｌ，Ｓｎ，Ｚｒの内１種ないし２種以上をそれぞ
れ１％以下含有したＣｕ基合金において成分組成範囲を
このように限定した理由を以下に説明する。Next, the second electrode material of the present invention, Cr:
1.5-20%, Si, P, Mg, Co, Ag, Ni, B
The reason why the component composition range is thus limited in the Cu-based alloy containing 1% or more of e, Al, Sn, and Zr in an amount of 1% or less is described below.
【００１４】・Ｃｒ：上記理由による。Cr: For the above reason.
【００１５】・Ｓｉ：強度向上に寄与する元素であり、
0.01％以上含有することが好ましいが、１％を越えると
導電率が低下すると共に熱間加工性が悪くなる。Si: an element that contributes to the improvement of strength,
It is preferable that the content is 0.01% or more, but if it exceeds 1%, the electrical conductivity decreases and the hot workability deteriorates.
【００１６】・Ｐ：焼き入れ処理を容易にする効果があ
り、0.01％以上含有することが好ましいが、１％を越え
ると粒界に偏析して耐食性を低下させると同時に導電率
が悪くなる。P: It has the effect of facilitating the quenching treatment, and it is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01% or more, but if it exceeds 1%, it segregates at the grain boundaries to lower the corrosion resistance and, at the same time, the electrical conductivity deteriorates.
【００１７】・Ｍｇ：不可避的に混入してくるＳを安定
したＭｇとの化合物ＭｇＳとして母相中に固定し熱間加
工性を向上させる元素である。そして0.01％以上含有す
ることが好ましいが、１％を越えると鋳塊中にＣｕ＋Ｍ
ｇＣｕ2 の共晶を生成し、 722℃以上の温度に加熱する
と割れを生じて熱間加工性が劣化する。Mg: An element which improves the hot workability by fixing S inevitably mixed in as a compound MgS with stable Mg in the mother phase. And it is preferable to contain 0.01% or more, but if it exceeds 1%, Cu + M is contained in the ingot.
When a eutectic of gCu 2 is formed and heated to a temperature of 722 ° C or higher, cracking occurs and hot workability deteriorates.
【００１８】・Ｃｏ：導電率の向上と温度上昇に伴う結
晶粒の粗大化を防止して耐熱性にも寄与する。そして0.
01％以上含有することが好ましいが、１％を越えると特
性的には大きな変化は無いが経時的に劣ってくる。Co: Improvement of conductivity and prevention of coarsening of crystal grains due to temperature rise, contributing to heat resistance. And 0.
It is preferable that the content is 01% or more, but if it exceeds 1%, there is no significant change in characteristics, but it deteriorates with time.
【００１９】・Ａｇ：スパーク発生を防止する効果があ
り、0.01％以上含有することが好ましいが、１％を越え
ると導電率の低下と融点の低下が生じる。Ag: It has an effect of preventing the generation of sparks, and it is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01% or more, but if it exceeds 1%, the conductivity and the melting point are lowered.
【００２０】・Ｎｉ：強度向上の効果があり、0.01％以
上含有することが好ましいが、１％を越えると導電率の
低下をもたらす。Ni: It has the effect of improving strength, and it is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01% or more, but if it exceeds 1%, the conductivity is lowered.
【００２１】・Ｂｅ：強度向上の効果があり、0.01％含
有することが好ましいが、１％を越えると強度向上に大
きな変化がなく、また導電率の低下をもたらし、経済的
に劣る。Be: There is an effect of improving the strength, and it is preferable to contain 0.01%, but if it exceeds 1%, there is no great change in the strength improvement and the conductivity is lowered, which is economically inferior.
【００２２】・Ａｌ：電極母材の酸化を抑制する効果が
あり、0.01％以上含有することが好ましいが、１％を越
えると導電率が低下して電極寿命が短くなる。Al: It has the effect of suppressing the oxidation of the electrode base material, and it is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01% or more, but if it exceeds 1%, the conductivity decreases and the electrode life shortens.
【００２３】・Ｓｎ：Ｃｕ−Ｃｒ合金基地中に固溶し、
高温強度を改善し電極の寿命を向上させる効果がある。
そして0.01％以上含有することが好ましいが、１％を越
えると上記効果に大きな変化はなく導電率が低下してし
まう。-Sn: Cu-Cr alloy dissolved in a matrix,
It has the effect of improving high temperature strength and extending the life of the electrode.
It is preferable that the content is 0.01% or more, but if it exceeds 1%, the above effect is not significantly changed and the conductivity is lowered.
【００２４】・Ｚｒ：Ｃｕ中に微細なＣｕ5 Ｚｒとして
析出し強度の向上に寄与し、耐熱性の向上にも寄与す
る。そして0.01％以上含有することが好ましいが、１％
を越えると強度向上に大きな変化はないにもかかわらず
導電率の低下を生じる。Zr: Precipitated as fine Cu 5 Zr in Cu and contributes to improvement of strength and heat resistance. And it is preferable to contain 0.01% or more, but 1%
If it exceeds, there is no significant change in the strength improvement, but the conductivity decreases.
【００２５】また本発明の製造方法において、溶体化処
理、冷間加工、時効処理はマトリックスの強度を上げる
ためで、微細な析出強化組織としておくことが必要であ
る。即ち、本発明においても、マクトリックスは通常の
Ｃｕ−Ｃｒ合金と同じであり、マトリックスを析出硬化
させておくことが重要で、これが不十分で、導電率が低
かったり、硬さが低かったりすると電極寿命の改善が図
れない。Further, in the production method of the present invention, the solution treatment, cold working and aging treatment are for increasing the strength of the matrix, and it is necessary to have a fine precipitation strengthening structure. That is, also in the present invention, since Mactrix is the same as a normal Cu-Cr alloy, it is important to precipitate and harden the matrix, and if it is insufficient, the conductivity is low or the hardness is low. The electrode life cannot be improved.
【００２６】このときの溶体化処理温度は 800℃未満で
は溶体化が十分に行えず、1050℃を越えると局所的に融
解する恐れがある。そして時効処理は 400℃未満では、
時効が極めて遅く、時効時間が長くなりすぎて工業的で
はなく、 550℃を越えると過時効となり、強度が不足す
る。If the solution treatment temperature at this time is less than 800 ° C., solution treatment cannot be sufficiently performed, and if it exceeds 1050 ° C., there is a risk of local melting. And the aging treatment is less than 400 ℃,
Aging is extremely slow and the aging time is too long to be industrial, and when it exceeds 550 ° C, it is overaged and the strength is insufficient.
【００２７】[0027]
【実施例】以下、本発明に係わる抵抗スポット溶接電極
の電極寿命（連続打点性）に関する実施例について具体
的に説明する。EXAMPLES Examples of the electrode life (continuous spotting property) of the resistance spot welding electrode according to the present invention will be specifically described below.
【００２８】（実施例１）表１に示す組成の合金を用い
て、下記の方法により得た、φ16の棒材からφ16のキャ
ップチップタイプＤＲ型の点溶接用電極を作製した。Example 1 Using the alloys having the compositions shown in Table 1, a φ16 cap tip type DR type spot welding electrode was produced from a φ16 rod obtained by the following method.
【００２９】本発明例１〜５；高周波溶解炉を用いて
窒素雰囲気中で溶製したＣｕ− 1.5〜20％Ｃｒ合金の鋳
塊を、 900℃で熱間押出しすることによりφ20の棒材と
した後、1000℃の溶体化処理を行い、これをφ16まで加
工後、 450℃で時効処理を行った。この押出工程、冷間
加工工程により、Ｃｒ粒子を押出し方向に平行に配列さ
せることができる。そしてこの押出材から押出方向に対
して直角方向に電極材料を切り出すことにより、電極と
してＣｒ晶出物の長手方向が該電極が被溶接板材に当接
した際にその板面と平行となるものを得た。Inventive Examples 1 to 5: Ingots of Cu-1.5 to 20% Cr alloy melted in a nitrogen atmosphere using a high frequency melting furnace were hot extruded at 900 ° C. to obtain φ20 rods. After that, solution treatment was performed at 1000 ° C., this was processed to φ16, and then aging treatment was performed at 450 ° C. Through this extrusion step and cold working step, the Cr particles can be arranged in parallel to the extrusion direction. Then, by cutting the electrode material from this extruded material in a direction perpendicular to the extrusion direction, the longitudinal direction of the Cr crystallized material as an electrode becomes parallel to the plate surface when the electrode contacts the plate material to be welded. Got
【００３０】本発明例６；高周波溶解炉を用いて窒素
雰囲気中で溶製したＣｕ−10％Ｃｒ合金を鋳造時に温度
勾配を設ける一方向凝固によって、Ｃｒが長手方向に配
列したφ16mmの棒材を得た。その後1000℃の溶体化処理
を行い、次に 450℃で時効処理を行った。そしてこの棒
材の長手方向に対して直角方向に電極材料を切り出すこ
とにより、上記と同様Ｃｒ晶出物の長手方向が電極当接
板面と平行となる電極材料を得た。Inventive Example 6; A bar material of φ16 mm in which Cr is arranged in the longitudinal direction by unidirectional solidification in which a temperature gradient is provided during casting of a Cu-10% Cr alloy melted in a nitrogen atmosphere using a high frequency melting furnace. Got After that, solution treatment was performed at 1000 ° C, and then aging treatment was performed at 450 ° C. Then, the electrode material was cut out in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bar material, and thus an electrode material was obtained in which the longitudinal direction of the Cr crystallized product was parallel to the electrode contacting plate surface as in the above.
【００３１】これらの本発明例１〜６において得られた
Ｃｒ粒子の平均粒径は、５〜30μｍであり、アスペクト
比は２〜30であった。The Cr particles obtained in Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention had an average particle size of 5 to 30 μm and an aspect ratio of 2 to 30.
【００３２】比較例１、２は本発明例１〜５までと同
じ方法で製造したが、Ｃｒ量が 0.7％と25％のものであ
る。Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were produced by the same method as Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, but had Cr amounts of 0.7% and 25%.
【００３３】比較例３；高周波溶解炉を用いて窒素雰
囲気中で溶製したＣｕ−10％Ｃｒ合金の鋳塊を熱間押出
によりφ20の棒材とした後、1000℃の溶体化処理を行
い、これをφ16まで加工後、 450℃で時効処理を行うこ
とによってＣｒ晶出物の長手方向が電極当接板面と垂直
となる材料を得た。Comparative Example 3: A Cu-10% Cr alloy ingot produced by melting in a nitrogen atmosphere using a high frequency melting furnace was hot extruded into a bar of φ20, and then a solution treatment at 1000 ° C. was performed. After processing this to φ16, it was subjected to an aging treatment at 450 ° C to obtain a material in which the longitudinal direction of the Cr crystallized substance was perpendicular to the electrode contact plate surface.
【００３４】比較例４：高周波溶解炉を用いて窒素雰
囲気中で溶製したＣｕ−10％Ｃｒ合金を直接φ16の金型
に鋳造し、熱間押出しを行わずに棒材とした後、1000℃
の溶体化処理を行い、次に 450℃で時効処理を行ったも
ので、Ｃｒ粒子に方向性がないものである。Comparative Example 4: A Cu-10% Cr alloy melted in a nitrogen atmosphere was cast directly in a φ16 mold using a high-frequency melting furnace to form a bar without hot extrusion, and then 1000 ℃
Solution treatment and then aging treatment at 450 ° C., and the Cr particles have no directionality.
【００３５】比較例５；高周波溶解炉を用いて窒素雰
囲気中で溶製したＣｕ−11％Ｃｒ合金の鋳塊を、 900℃
で熱間押出しによりφ20の棒材とした後、 750℃の溶体
化処理を行い、これをφ16まで加工後、 450℃で時効処
理を行った。この棒材からその長手方向に対して直角に
電極材料を切り出すことにより、Ｃｒ晶出物の長手方向
が電極当接板面と平行となる電極材料を得た。Comparative Example 5: An ingot of Cu-11% Cr alloy was melted in a nitrogen atmosphere using a high frequency melting furnace at 900 ° C.
After being hot extruded into a bar material of φ20, the solution treatment was performed at 750 ° C, and this was processed to φ16, and then an aging treatment was performed at 450 ° C. The electrode material was cut out from this bar at right angles to its longitudinal direction to obtain an electrode material in which the longitudinal direction of the Cr crystallized product was parallel to the electrode contact plate surface.
【００３６】比較例６；高周波溶解炉を用いて窒素雰
囲気中で溶製したＣｕ−10％Ｃｒ合金を一方向凝固によ
りφ20の棒材とした後、1000℃の溶体化処理を行い、こ
れをφ16まで加工後、 280℃で時効処理を行った。この
棒材からその長手方向に対して直角方向に電極材料を切
り出すことにより、Ｃｒ晶出物の長手方向が電極当接板
面と平行となる電極材料を得た。Comparative Example 6 A Cu-10% Cr alloy melted in a nitrogen atmosphere using a high-frequency melting furnace was unidirectionally solidified into a bar material having a diameter of φ20, which was then subjected to a solution heat treatment at 1000 ° C. After processing to φ16, it was aged at 280 ℃. The electrode material was cut out from this bar material in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction to obtain an electrode material in which the longitudinal direction of the Cr crystallized product was parallel to the electrode contact plate surface.
【００３７】このようにして作製した電極を用い、厚さ
１mmのアルミニウム合金板ＡＡ５１８２を２枚重ね、連
続スポット溶接してその時の電極寿命を測定した。溶接
は、単相整流式抵抗溶接機を用い、加圧力：300kgf、通
電時間：５サイクル、溶接電流：25kAで、行った。Using the electrode thus produced, two aluminum alloy plates AA5182 having a thickness of 1 mm were stacked and continuous spot welding was performed to measure the electrode life at that time. Welding was performed using a single-phase rectification resistance welding machine with a pressing force of 300 kgf, energizing time of 5 cycles, and welding current of 25 kA.
【００３８】一方Ｚｎメッキ鋼板の電極寿命試験は、電
極形状については、ＤＲ型でφ16とし、被溶接材料は、
厚さ 0.7mmのＺｎメッキ鋼板を２枚重ねて連続スポット
溶接した。溶接は単相交流式抵抗溶接機を用い、加圧
力：270kgf、通電時間：３サイクル、溶接電流： 8.5kA
で行った。On the other hand, in the electrode life test of the Zn-plated steel sheet, the electrode shape was DR type φ16, and the material to be welded was
Two 0.7 mm thick Zn-plated steel sheets were stacked and continuously spot-welded. Welding uses a single-phase AC resistance welding machine, pressure: 270kgf, energizing time: 3 cycles, welding current: 8.5kA
I went there.
【００３９】電極寿命の評価は、ナゲット径を測定し
3.6mm以下となった時点を寿命とした。表１にこれら電
極の特性および寿命試験結果を示す。The electrode life was evaluated by measuring the nugget diameter.
The life was defined as the time when it became 3.6 mm or less. Table 1 shows the characteristics and life test results of these electrodes.
【００４０】[0040]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００４１】本発明例のものは、全て、アルミ合金の場
合で３千点以上、Ｚｎメッキ鋼板の場合で１万点以上の
電極寿命であった。これに対して従来方法や比較例の電
極寿命は本発明例を大きく下回るものであった。All of the examples of the present invention had an electrode life of 3,000 or more in the case of an aluminum alloy and 10,000 or more in the case of a Zn-plated steel sheet. On the other hand, the electrode lifetimes of the conventional method and the comparative example were far shorter than those of the present invention.
【００４２】（実施例２）表２に示す組成の合金を用い
て、実施例１と同様に、φ16の棒材からφ16のキャップ
タイプＤＲ型の点溶接用電極を作製した。(Example 2) Using the alloys having the compositions shown in Table 2, a φ16 cap type DR type spot welding electrode was produced from a φ16 rod in the same manner as in Example 1.
【００４３】本発明例７〜14；高周波溶解炉を用いて
窒素雰囲気中で表２に示す組成の合金を溶解鋳造した。
この鋳塊を、 900℃で熱間押出しにより直径20mmの棒材
とした後、1000℃の溶体化処理を行い、φ16まで加工し
たのち、 450℃で時効処理を行った。この棒材から押出
方向に対して直角方向に電極材料を切り出すことによ
り、Ｃｒ晶出物の長手方向が電極の当接する被溶接板材
の板面と平行となる電極材料を得た。Inventive Examples 7 to 14: Alloys having the compositions shown in Table 2 were melt cast in a nitrogen atmosphere using a high frequency melting furnace.
This ingot was hot extruded at 900 ° C. to form a bar material having a diameter of 20 mm, then solution heat treated at 1000 ° C., processed to φ16, and then subjected to aging treatment at 450 ° C. The electrode material was cut out from this bar material in a direction perpendicular to the extrusion direction to obtain an electrode material in which the longitudinal direction of the Cr crystallized product was parallel to the plate surface of the plate material to be welded with which the electrode abuts.
【００４４】比較例７〜10は実施例７〜14までと同じ
方法で製造したが、Ｃｒ以外の副成分が本発明より、多
いものである。Comparative Examples 7 to 10 were produced by the same method as in Examples 7 to 14, but the amount of subcomponents other than Cr was larger than that of the present invention.
【００４５】このようにして作製した電極を用い、実施
例１と同様に厚さ１mmのアルミニウム合金板ＡＡ５１８
２、および厚さ 0.7mmのＺｎメッキ鋼板について連続ス
ポット溶接した。溶接方法、条件は共に実施例１と同様
である。また電極寿命の評価は、ナゲット径を測定し
3.6mm以下となった時点を寿命とした。表２にこれら電
極の特性および寿命試験結果を示す。Using the electrode thus manufactured, an aluminum alloy plate AA518 having a thickness of 1 mm was used as in Example 1.
2 and 0.7 mm thick Zn-plated steel sheets were continuously spot-welded. The welding method and conditions are the same as in Example 1. The electrode life is evaluated by measuring the nugget diameter.
The life was defined as the time when it became 3.6 mm or less. Table 2 shows the characteristics and life test results of these electrodes.
【００４６】[0046]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００４７】本発明例のものは、全て、副成分添加元素
が多すぎる比較例より、電極寿命が大きいことが分か
る。It can be seen that all of the examples of the present invention have a longer electrode life than the comparative examples in which the amount of the subcomponent additive element is too large.
【００４８】[0048]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明によれば、従来電極
より飛躍的に電極寿命を向上させることができる。その
ため、特に自動車等の大量生産におけるアルミ化最大の
ネックになっていた抵抗スポット溶接の改善や、メッキ
鋼板の電極寿命改善に大きく寄与するものである。As described above, according to the present invention, the electrode life can be remarkably improved as compared with the conventional electrode. Therefore, it greatly contributes to the improvement of resistance spot welding, which has been the biggest bottleneck for aluminum in mass production of automobiles, and the improvement of the electrode life of plated steel sheets.
【００４９】なお、本発明品はメッキ鋼板と圧延鋼板
（メッキなし鋼板）を重ねて行うスポット溶接やメッキ
鋼板と圧延鋼板を混合（交互）して行うスポット溶接に
も適用できる。The product of the present invention can also be applied to spot welding in which plated steel sheets and rolled steel sheets (steel without plating) are stacked and spot welding in which plated steel sheets and rolled steel sheets are mixed (alternate).
【００５０】また、この抵抗スポット溶接に用いる溶接
機は、従来用いられている単相交流溶接機、単相整流溶
接機、三相低周波溶接機、三相整流式溶接機、インバー
タ溶接機、コンデンサー式溶接機等の何れでもよい。The welding machine used for this resistance spot welding is a conventionally used single-phase AC welding machine, single-phase rectification welding machine, three-phase low-frequency welding machine, three-phase rectification welding machine, inverter welding machine, Any of a condenser type welding machine and the like may be used.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 宮内 理夫 東京都千代田区丸の内２丁目６番１号 古 河電気工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 鈴木 覚 東京都千代田区丸の内２丁目６番１号 古 河電気工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 沖田 富晴 東京都千代田区丸の内２丁目６番１号 古 河アルミニウム工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 鈴木 幹治 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自動 車株式会社内 (72)発明者 野村 浩二 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自動 車株式会社内 (72)発明者 太刀川 英男 愛知県愛知郡長久手町大字長湫字横道41番 地の１ 株式会社豊田中央研究所内 (72)発明者 渡辺 吾朗 愛知県愛知郡長久手町大字長湫字横道41番 地の１ 株式会社豊田中央研究所内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Rio Miyauchi 2-6-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Satoshi Suzuki 2-6-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tomiharu Okita 2-6-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Furukawa Aluminum Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mikiharu Suzuki 1 Toyota Town, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Auto Car Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Koji Nomura 1 Toyota-cho, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Motor Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hideo Tachikawa 41, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun, Aichi-gun 1-sided side road Toyota Corporation Central Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Goro Watanabe 1st 41st Yokomichi, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Corporation Central Research Center
Claims (3)
り該板材をスポット溶接する電極材料において、Ｃｒ：
1.5〜20wt％を含み残部Ｃｕと不可避的不純物からな
り、かつ晶出Ｃｒ粒子の長手方向が該電極を被溶接板材
に当接した際に該板材の板面方向とほぼ平行であり、ビ
ッカース硬度が 140以上であることを特徴とする抵抗溶
接用電極材料。1. An electrode material for spot-welding a plate to be welded by energizing the plate to be welded, wherein Cr:
It contains 1.5 to 20 wt% of balance Cu and unavoidable impurities, and the longitudinal direction of the crystallized Cr particles is almost parallel to the plate surface direction of the plate material when the electrode is brought into contact with the plate material to be welded, and the Vickers hardness An electrode material for resistance welding, characterized in that
り該板材をスポット溶接する電極材料において、Ｃｒ：
1.5〜20wt％を含み、さらにＳｉ，Ｐ，Ｍｇ，Ｃｏ，Ａ
ｇ，Ｎｉ，Ｂｅ，Ａｌ，Ｓｎ，Ｚｒのうち１種又は２種
以上をそれぞれ１wt％以下含有し、残部Ｃｕと不可避的
不純物からなり、かつ晶出Ｃｒ粒子の長手方向が該電極
を被溶接板材に当接した際に該板材の板面方向とほぼ平
行であり、ビッカース硬度が 140以上であることを特徴
とする抵抗溶接用電極材料。2. An electrode material for spot welding a plate material to be spot-welded by abutting on the plate material to be welded and applying an electric current, wherein Cr:
Contains 1.5 to 20 wt% of Si, P, Mg, Co, A
g, Ni, Be, Al, Sn, Zr, each containing 1 or 2 or more of them in an amount of 1 wt% or less, the balance being Cu and inevitable impurities, and the longitudinal direction of crystallized Cr particles being welded to the electrode. An electrode material for resistance welding, which is substantially parallel to the plate surface direction of the plate material when it comes into contact with the plate material and has a Vickers hardness of 140 or more.
にＳｉ，Ｐ，Ｍｇ，Ｃｏ，Ａｇ，Ｎｉ，Ｂｅ，Ａｌ，Ｓ
ｎ，Ｚｒのうち１種又は２種以上をそれぞれ１wt％以下
含有するＣｕ合金溶湯を鋳造時に温度勾配を設けるか、
または溶製後塑性加工により晶出Ｃｒ粒子の長手方向を
一方向に揃え、その後 800〜1050℃で溶体化処理を行っ
た後、冷間加工を行い、しかる後 400〜 550℃で時効処
理を施すことを特徴とする抵抗溶接用電極材料の製造方
法。3. Cr: 1.5 to 20 wt%, or further Si, P, Mg, Co, Ag, Ni, Be, Al, S
A temperature gradient is provided at the time of casting a Cu alloy melt containing 1 wt% or less of one or more of n and Zr.
Alternatively, the longitudinal direction of the crystallized Cr particles is aligned in one direction by plastic working after smelting, after which solution treatment is performed at 800 to 1050 ° C, cold working is performed, and then aging treatment is performed at 400 to 550 ° C. A method for producing an electrode material for resistance welding, which comprises applying the same.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24749293A JP3378621B2 (en) | 1993-09-08 | 1993-09-08 | Electrode for resistance welding and method of manufacturing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24749293A JP3378621B2 (en) | 1993-09-08 | 1993-09-08 | Electrode for resistance welding and method of manufacturing the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0790429A true JPH0790429A (en) | 1995-04-04 |
| JP3378621B2 JP3378621B2 (en) | 2003-02-17 |
Family
ID=17164278
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24749293A Expired - Fee Related JP3378621B2 (en) | 1993-09-08 | 1993-09-08 | Electrode for resistance welding and method of manufacturing the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3378621B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09104935A (en) * | 1995-10-09 | 1997-04-22 | Natl Res Inst For Metals | High strength conductive chromium-containing copper alloy and its production |
| JP2010029901A (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2010-02-12 | Nippon Steel Corp | Electrode material for resistance welding |
-
1993
- 1993-09-08 JP JP24749293A patent/JP3378621B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09104935A (en) * | 1995-10-09 | 1997-04-22 | Natl Res Inst For Metals | High strength conductive chromium-containing copper alloy and its production |
| JP2010029901A (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2010-02-12 | Nippon Steel Corp | Electrode material for resistance welding |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3378621B2 (en) | 2003-02-17 |
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