JPH0782065A - Method for composting organic material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a method for composting an organic material, capable of well accelerating the composting by a mid bactericidal action, by adding a granular material comprising porous calcium silicate hydrate to a raw material exhibiting a bacteriostatic action in the composting process and subsequently performing the composting in an approximately neutral region. CONSTITUTION:One pt.wt. of an acidic organic material such as coffee refuses, tea refuses or bark exhibiting a bacteriostatic action in a composting process and approximately 0.01-0.5pt.wt. of a granular material comprising porous calcium silicate hydrate having a granular diameter of apploximately 5mm are mixed with each other and subsequently composted in an apploximately neutral region having a pH of 6.5-7.5. The composting can well be performed in a mild bacteriostatic action within a shortened time by keeping the neutral region.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a composting method for promoting composting by reducing the bacteriostatic effect in a composted product having a bacteriostatic effect during the composting process.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Organic substances showing acidity, for example, coffee dregs and tea dregs, show strong bacteriostatic action or weak acidity in the composting process and thus exhibit bacteriostatic action and require a long time for composting.
A good and rapid fermentation method has been desired.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a composting method which alleviates the bacteriostatic action of a composted product exhibiting a bacteriostatic action and favorably promotes composting.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems by adding and mixing a granular material made of a porous calcium silicate hydrate and a raw material having a bacteriostatic effect in the composting process.
By composting under the conditions of H6.5-7.5, the composting is carried out in a substantially neutral region, and the bacteriostatic action is alleviated, which relates to a composting method that favorably and promotes composting. Is. The pH mentioned here is 1 part by weight of the sample.
A value measured at 25 ° C. in 100 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water.

The powdery or granular material comprising the porous calcium silicate hydrate of the present invention is a powdery or granular material mainly composed of a siliceous raw material and a calcareous raw material, and can be produced by a known method. it can. Examples of the porous calcium silicate hydrate added and mixed in the composting method of the present invention include xonotlite, tobermorite, gyrolite, fosjagit, hellebrandite, CSH gel, etc., and their composition ratio and other trace amounts. It is not limited to the ingredients and the like. An example of an industrial production of these porous calcium silicate hydrates is ALC, which has an apparent specific gravity of 0.
It has a light weight of about 2 to 0.7 (depending on the type and particle size of ALC), has excellent water permeability and breathability, has moderate strength, and has extremely good physical properties as an agricultural and horticultural material or civil engineering material. Therefore, it can be said that it is particularly preferable.

[0006] The particle size of the powdery particles of porous calcium silicate hydrate used in the present invention varies depending on the use of the material, but does not physically interfere with the germination of plants or the growth of stems,
It is preferably 5 mm or less because it can be homogeneously mixed.
For example, a relatively fine grain size is suitable for agriculture and grass soil, and a relatively coarse grain size is suitable for planting and slope greening. The acidic organic matter used in the present invention has a pH of less than 6.5, and examples thereof include coffee dregs, tea dregs, bark (bark), and the like, and the tea dregs include, for example, green tea dregs,
There are oolong tea residue, barley tea residue, black tea residue, etc.

The mixing ratio of the powdery particles of porous calcium silicate hydrate and the acidic organic matter depends on the water content of the porous calcium silicate hydrate and acidic organic matter, the type of acidic organic matter, the composting method, the composting period and Depending on the application of the agricultural and horticultural material that is the product, the composting process must be carried out under the conditions of pH 6.5 to 7.5. Although it cannot be determined unconditionally, if the amount of the porous calcium silicate hydrate is about 0.01 to 0.5 parts by weight, preferably about 0.03 to 0.2 parts by weight, relative to 1 part by weight of the acidic organic matter, it is neutral. PH in the area
It is preferable because the physical characteristics of the porous calcium silicate hydrate can be fully utilized while maintaining the above.

For mixing the porous calcium silicate hydrate and the acidic organic substance, a known method such as a shovel loader or a rotary mixer can be used. The composting method of the mixture of the granular material made of porous calcium silicate hydrate and the acidic organic substance may basically follow the bark composting method or the livestock manure composting method. For example, if coffee grounds are used as the acidic organic substance, the following methods can be mentioned.

[0009] As a first method, a main fermentation is carried out by adding to and mixing coffee grounds with a granular material comprising animal protein and the like as a nitrogen source and porous calcium silicate hydrate. Here, air is forcibly sent from the floor surface and is turned back at a frequency of once every 4 to 5 days by using a shovel loader or the like, and about 10 to 20
Continue fermentation for days. Next, the nodule-shaped product is crushed and homogenized, and then secondary fermentation is carried out for about 10 to 20 days. After that, if necessary, post-ripening fermentation is performed for 2 months or more. In the second method, the addition of the granular powder of porous calcium silicate hydrate is not carried out in the previous stage, but the addition is carried out at the time when the homogenization after the main fermentation is completed, that is, immediately before the sub-fermentation. Promote fermentation. The above methods are
It is not particularly limited, and is appropriately selected depending on the type of acidic organic matter, the water content ratio, the degree of spoilage, the pH, and the like. The composting material thus obtained can be used not only for commonly used compost, but also for agricultural materials and the like by mixing with other substances.

[0010]

With the above-mentioned constitution, composting of acidic organic matter is promoted, and a stable and high-quality composition for plant growth can be obtained. Although this action is not clear, acidic organic matter produces organic acid with fermentation and becomes acidic, and bacteriostatic action works and fermentation is delayed, but it is a granular material made of porous calcium silicate hydrate. By mixing with, it becomes a neutral region suitable for the reproduction of microorganisms, and continuously enhances the microbial activity to provide appropriate air permeability and water retention, and the decomposition of organic matter proceeds rapidly, resulting in good quality. It is believed that the composition can be manufactured.

[0011]

EXAMPLES Examples and comparative examples will be described below.
The pH values in Examples and Comparative Examples were measured by the following method. Porous calcium silicate hydrate (ALC powder),
Also, 100 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water was added to 1 part by weight of the sample of the composting composition, and the mixture was stirred well to measure the pH at 25 ° C. (Reference Example) As the powdery particles made of porous calcium silicate hydrate, ALC produced by a known method is coarsely crushed by a hammer mill and then sieved to obtain an average particle diameter of 1 to 3 mm. Powdered ALC was used. When this ALC powder was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and fluorescent X-ray analysis, it was a porous calcium silicate hydrate mainly composed of tobermorite and CSH gel (Ca / Si ratio was 0.58), and apparent specific gravity was It was 0.62 and pH was 10.8.

(Example 1) ALC (porous calcium silicate, water content: 26%) having a particle size of 1 to 3 mm was added to 0.5 part by weight of dry weight of coffee grounds (extraction residue for instant coffee, water content: 66%). ) A mixture of 0.05 parts by weight of dry weight and the mixed material (raw material) shown in the first method is fed from the floor in the floor fermentation tank, and the shovel loader is turned back once every 5 days. Composting was carried out by a method of fermenting for 2 weeks. As a result of measuring the fermentation temperature and pH during this period, the temperature rose to about 60 ° C. within 24 hours, and during this period, the pH was constantly between 6.5 and 7.5. further,
After the nodule was crushed and the particle size was adjusted, after sub-fermentation for 15 days, air supply was stopped and the mixture was allowed to stand for 1 month to carry out post-ripening fermentation. After that, sieving was performed to obtain compost having a particle size of 5 mm or less.

(Example 2) The compost obtained in Example 1 was placed in a petri dish in the order of 1 g, 2 g, 3 g, and so on up to 10 g, and made wet with an appropriate amount of water. 50 seeds of Japanese mustard spinach were seeded on each petri dish, placed in a room at room temperature of 20 ° C. for 10 days, and the germination state was observed. During this time, an appropriate amount of water was added to each petri dish so that the same wet state was always maintained. The germination rate after 3 days was 95% on average irrespective of the amount of the composition added, and after 7 days, it grew to an average of 4 cm and grew normally.

(Comparative Example 1) In the same manner as in Example 1, a porous calcium silicate hydrate unmixed was used.
As a result of measuring the pH and fermentation temperature during this period, 60 days later, 60
When the temperature reached ℃ and was turned over, the product temperature continued to rise. Regarding pH, the pH gradually increased from 3.0 to near neutral, but it took a considerable time. Furthermore, after crushing the nodule and adjusting the particle size, after sub-fermentation for 15 days, air supply was stopped and the mixture was allowed to stand for 1 month to carry out post-ripening fermentation. After that, sieving was performed to obtain compost having a particle size of 5 mm or less.

(Comparative Example 2) The compost obtained in Comparative Example 1 was placed in a petri dish in the order of 1 g, 2 g, 3 g, and up to 10 g, and made wet with an appropriate amount of water. 50 seeds of Japanese mustard spinach were seeded on each petri dish, placed in a room at room temperature of 20 ° C. for 10 days, and the germination state was observed. During this time, an appropriate amount of water was added to each petri dish so that the same wet state was always maintained. The germination rate after 3 days was 60%, the growth length after 7 days was about 3 cm, and the leaf color was also poor.

[0016]

According to the present invention, since the compost does not become acidic in the step of composting acidic organic matter,
The bacteriostatic action does not work, the decomposition of organic substances due to the growth of microorganisms significantly progresses, and the composting time can be shortened.
Furthermore, the obtained compost has an excellent fertilizing effect on crops, and the porous calcium silicate hydrate contributes to the fertilizing effect as a fertilizer component as a calcium fertilizer component. Further, since it is lightweight, it can be easily transported and stored.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A step of adding and mixing a powdery or granular material made of porous calcium silicate hydrate to an acidic organic substance exhibiting a bacteriostatic action in the composting process, and a pH of 6.5 to 7.5 in the composting process.
A composting method comprising the steps of composting under the conditions of.