JPH0780334A - Device for preventing explosion of big refuge crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent gas explosion and to safely perform the crushing work of big refuge even if combustible dangerous materials are mixed in the big refuge when the big refuge is crushed by a rotary crusher. CONSTITUTION:In a crusher 1, a gas circulating duct 18 is connected between an upper gas circulating port 16 made in the lower part of a chute 8 adjacent to the lower part of a feeder 9 and a lower circulating port 17 made in a discharge hopper 10. The flow of air generated by rotating a rotor 3 is circulated in the crusher 1 through the gas circulating duct 18 to decrease the quantity of air entering the crusher 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an explosion-proof device in a bulky dust crusher for crushing bulky dust collected in, for example, cities.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Oversized waste exists in, for example, municipal solid waste and industrial waste collected in cities and the like. Since such bulky waste has a large porosity and is bulky, it is crushed into small pieces by a rotary crusher, and the crushed material is sorted by a sorting device into metal, combustible material and incombustible material. .

FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a conventional rotary crusher. As shown in FIG. 2, the rotary crusher 1 is provided in a box 2 and has rotors 3 mounted at regular intervals on its outer periphery and rotating at a constant speed. Hammers 4 are fixed to the outside of the rotor 3. It consists of a cutting bar 5 and a great bar 6. The upper supply port of the box 2 is provided with a bulky waste supply conveyor 7, a chute 8 and a supply feeder 9 whose lower part is close to the lower part of the chute 8, and the lower discharge port of the box 2 is A discharge hopper 10 and a vibration conveyor 11 are provided.

The bulky waste is supplied to the chute 8 by the conveyor 7 provided at the upper supply port of the box 2, and is compressed by the supply feeder 9 while being crushed by the crusher 1.
It is supplied in a fixed amount. The coarse dust supplied into the crusher 1 is crushed by impact, shearing, crushing, etc. between the hammer 4 of the rotor 3 rotating at high speed and the fixed cutting bar 5 and the great bar 6. To be done. The oversized trash that has been crushed in this way is stored in Box 2.
It is dropped into the discharge hopper 10 at the bottom of the hopper 10, discharged from the inside of the hopper 10 by the vibrating conveyor 11 provided at the bottom of the hopper 10, and conveyed by the conveyor 12 toward the sorting device of the next step.

Combustible dangerous substances such as a gas cylinder may be mixed in the oversized garbage. When the gas cylinder in such bulky waste is crushed by the crusher 1, the residual gas in the cylinder is rapidly vaporized and the crusher 1
When mixed with the air inside, an explosive gas mixture is produced. The generated explosive mixed gas is used to remove large metal dust from the rotor 3
When crushing with the hammer 4, the cutting bar 5 and the great bar 6, there is a risk of ignition and explosion due to sparks generated by the impact.

[0006] As means for preventing gas explosion due to combustible dangerous substances in the above-mentioned oversized trash, for example, JP-A-56-898
Japanese Patent Publication No. 49 discloses, as shown in FIG. 2, a curtain-like seal for preventing air intrusion at a portion of a supply conveyor 7 provided at an upper supply port of a box 2 constituting a crusher and at an outlet port thereof. An explosion-proof rotary crusher having a structure in which a sealing device composed of a piece 13 is provided, and a nozzle 14 for blowing non-oxygen gas from a gas supply device 15 into the box 2 is provided above the box 2 (hereinafter, Prior art 1)
Is disclosed.

Further, in JP-A-60-94154, an inert gas is blown into the crusher from each of the compression feeder back, the crusher central portion and the discharge hopper of the crusher to obtain a gas concentration in the crusher. There is disclosed an explosion-proof bulky dust crusher (hereinafter referred to as Prior Art 2) that controls the gas flow and thereby prevents gas explosion.

Further, in JP-A-1-99654, an inert gas supply pipe and an exhaust pipe are connected to a crusher, and the inert gas is supplied into the crusher through the supply pipe and the inert gas is passed through the exhaust pipe. A crushing device (hereinafter referred to as prior art 3) is disclosed, which collects the gas and then feeds it again into the crusher through the supply pipe to prevent the gas explosion by constantly circulating the inert gas in the crusher. .

[0009]

However, the above-mentioned prior art has the following problems. That is, as in the prior art 1, a curtain-shaped seal piece 13 for preventing air intrusion is provided at a portion of the supply conveyor 7 provided at the upper supply port of the box 2 constituting the crusher and its outlet portion. In the device, it is necessary to prevent the invasion of air by ensuring that the sealing piece 13 is always in contact with the surface of the bulky refuse that is fed into the crusher or discharged from the crusher.
However, such a contact of the seal piece 13 is practically extremely difficult, so the sealing effect is thin, and the seal piece 13 is easily damaged, so that it must be frequently replaced and repaired. However, the running cost will inevitably increase.

As in the prior arts 2 and 3, in an apparatus for supplying an inert gas into the crusher to reduce the oxygen concentration in the crusher to prevent the occurrence of an explosion, it is necessary to supply the inert gas to the inside of the crusher. Oxygen concentration in the crusher due to the pressure difference from the outside of the crusher or the inflow of air into the crusher from the upper supply port and the lower discharge port of the crusher caused by the gas suction by the air blower or dust collection equipment. Inevitably, the inside of the crusher reached the explosion limit oxygen concentration,
Explosion-proof effect is lost. In order to prevent the above problems, a large amount of inert gas must be constantly supplied into the crusher, which increases running costs.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and when crushing large-sized waste by a rotary crusher, even if flammable dangerous substances such as gas cylinders are mixed in the large-sized waste, the conventional method is used. Prevents the gas explosion without the need of installing a special sealing device or blowing a large amount of inert gas,
An object of the present invention is to provide an explosion-proof device for a bulky dust crusher that can safely perform bulky dust crushing work.

[0012]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION An explosion-proof device for a bulky dust crusher according to the present invention comprises a rotor provided in a box, which has hammers attached at constant intervals on its outer periphery and which rotates at a constant speed, and a rotor for the rotor. A cutting bar and a great bar fixed to the outside, a chute and a feeding feeder provided at the upper feeding port of the box, the lower portion of which is adjacent to the lower portion of the chute, and a discharge provided at the lower portion of the box. In a bulky waste crusher consisting of a hopper for use, an upper gas circulation port is provided in the lower part of the chute in the box adjacent to the lower part of the feeding feeder, and a lower gas circulation port is provided in the lower part of the discharge hopper. And a gas circulation duct is connected between the upper gas circulation port and the lower gas circulation port. A portion of the air flow generated by the rotation of the rotor through the gas circulation duct, the amount of air entering the crusher is reduced, and, if necessary, the circulation duct. A characteristic feature is that an inert gas is blown into the circulation duct from a nozzle provided on the way to prevent the gas explosion due to the combustible dangerous substances in the bulky refuse.

[0013]

According to the apparatus of the present invention, the air flow generated by the rotation of the rotor is positively utilized in the box constituting the crusher, and the gas circulation duct provided in the box is used to generate the air flow. A part is circulated. Therefore, the amount of air invaded into the box can be reduced without providing the sealing device as in the prior art 1, and thereby gas explosion due to combustible dangerous substances in oversized waste can be prevented. .

Further, an inert gas is blown into the circulation duct from a nozzle provided in the middle of the circulation duct,
By controlling the blowing amount based on the oxygen concentration in the box detected by the oxygen concentration meter, the inside of the box can be made to have a lower oxygen concentration atmosphere. Therefore, it is possible to more reliably prevent the gas explosion due to the combustible dangerous substances in the oversized waste.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, the device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention. As shown in the drawing, the rotary crusher 1 is fixed to the outside of the rotor 3 and a rotor 3 provided in a box 2 and equipped with hammers 4 at constant intervals on its outer periphery to rotate at a constant speed. The box 2 is composed of a cutting bar 5 and a great bar 6, and at the upper supply port of the box 2, there are a bulky waste supply conveyor 7, a chute 8 and a supply feeder 9 whose lower part is adjacent to the lower part of the chute 8. Provided and box 2
Like the conventional device, the lower discharge port of the device is provided with a discharge hopper 10 and a vibration conveyor 11.

In the device of the present invention, the box 2
An upper gas circulation port 16 is provided at the lower part of the chute 8 adjacent to the lower part of the supply feeder 9, and a lower gas circulation port 17 is provided at the lower part of the discharge hopper 10, and the upper gas circulation port 16 A gas circulation duct 18 is connected between the lower gas circulation port 17 and the lower gas circulation port 17.

The oversized waste is crushed by the crusher 1 by the conveyor 7.
And is supplied to the crusher 1 in a fixed amount while being compressed by the supply feeder 9 from the chute 8 provided in the upper supply port of the box 2. The oversized waste supplied to the crusher 1 is the hammer 4 of the rotor 3 rotating at high speed.
And the fixed cutting bar 5 and the great bar 6 are crushed by an action such as impact, shearing and crushing.

Due to the fan action caused by the high-speed rotation of the rotor 3 described above, an air flow is generated in the box 2, and the generated air flow enters between the supply chute 8 and the supply feeder 9. To do. At this time, a part of the air flow is generated through the upper gas circulation port provided in the lower part of the chute 8.
The gas is sucked from 16 and passes through the gas circulation duct 18, and is discharged from the lower gas circulation port 17 into the discharge hopper 10. Thus, the gas is circulated in the box 2 through the gas circulation duct 18. Therefore, the amount of air entering the box 2 through the upper supply port and the lower discharge port of the box 2 can be reduced by the amount of the circulating air without providing the sealing device as in the prior art 1. .

A nozzle 19 for injecting an inert gas therein is preferably provided in the middle of the circulation duct 18.
Reference numeral 20 is a device for supplying an inert gas to the nozzle 19, and 21 is a device for controlling the supply amount of the inert gas. In order to detect the oxygen concentration inside the crusher 1, an oxygen concentration detector 22 is attached near the cutting bar 5.

The inert gas blown into the circulation duct 18 through the nozzle 19 is supplied into the box 2 by the circulating air flowing in the circulation duct 18, and the atmosphere in the box 2 is rapidly changed to the inert gas. Replace with atmosphere. Therefore, even if the gas cylinder or the like is crushed and explosive mixed gas is generated in the crusher 1, the explosion can be prevented.

The oxygen concentration detector 22 provided near the cutting bar 5 of the crusher 1 detects the oxygen concentration in the crusher 1, and the detected value is sent to the control device 21 to supply the inert gas. The amount of inert gas supplied by the device 20 is controlled. Therefore, the inside of the crusher 1 can always be kept in a low oxygen concentration atmosphere, and thus an explosion can be reliably prevented.

[0022]

As described above, according to the present invention, the air flow generated by the rotation of the rotor is positively used when crushing the large-sized waste by the rotary crusher, and the gas is provided in the box for gas circulation. By circulating a part of the above-mentioned air flow by the duct, the amount of air invading into the crusher can be reduced without providing a conventional sealing device, and further, it can be reduced in the gas circulation duct. By blowing active gas and controlling the blowing amount based on the oxygen concentration in the crusher detected by the oxygen concentration meter, the inside of the crusher can be made to have a lower oxygen concentration atmosphere. Therefore, even if flammable hazardous substances are mixed in oversized garbage, the gas explosion can be reliably prevented and safety can be ensured without the need to install a sealing device and blow a large amount of inert gas as in the past. The crushing work can be carried out with industrially useful effects.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a conventional device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 rotary crusher, 2 boxes, 3 rotors, 4 hammers, 5 cutting bars, 6 great bars, 7 conveyors, 8 chutes, 9 feeding feeders, 10 discharging hoppers, 11 vibrating conveyors, 12 conveyors, 13 sealing pieces, 14 nozzles, 15 gas supply device, 16 upper gas circulation port, 17 lower gas circulation port, 18 gas circulation duct, 19 nozzles, 20 inert gas supply device, 21 control device, 22 oxygen concentration detector.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A rotor, which is provided in a box and rotates at a constant speed, having hammers attached to the outer periphery thereof at regular intervals, a cutting bar and a grate bar fixed to the outside of the rotor, and a rotor of the box. In a bulky waste crusher consisting of a chute and a feeding feeder, the lower part of which is provided near the lower part of the chute, provided in the upper feeding port, and a discharge hopper provided in the lower part of the box, in the box, An upper gas circulation port is provided in the lower part of the chute adjacent to the lower part of the feeding feeder, a lower gas circulation port is provided in the lower part of the discharge hopper, and the upper gas circulation port and the lower gas circulation port are provided. A gas circulation duct is connected between the and, and air generated by the rotation of the rotor in the box. By circulating a part of the gas through the gas circulation duct, the amount of invading air into the crusher is reduced, thus preventing gas explosion due to combustible dangerous substances in oversized waste. Explosion-proof device for oversized crusher. 2. A nozzle for supplying an inert gas into the duct is provided in the middle of the gas circulation duct, and the nozzle is provided based on the oxygen concentration in the crusher detected by an oxygen concentration meter. The device according to claim 1, which controls the amount of the inert gas blown from the nozzle into the gas circulation duct.