JPH0772853A - Electronic wind instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the electronic wind instrument which enables delicate performance expression varying with the position of the lips touching a 'reed'. CONSTITUTION:A lip sensor 3 which is fitted to the reed arranged opposite a mouthpiece 10 detects the touching state of the lips or tongue touching the reed and generates a state signal and a CPU 4 extracts state information showing the positions and pressure of the lips touching the reed or the position and pressure of the tongue touching the reed from the state signal and supplies it to a sound source 8. The sound source 8 controls a musical sound to be generated according to the state information. Consequently, the delicate performance expression varying with the position of the lips or tongue touching the 'reed' is enable similarly to an actual wind instrument.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to an electronic wind instrument for synthesizing a wind instrument sound such as a clarinet.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, various electronic wind instruments for electronically synthesizing wind instrument sounds have been put into practical use. This kind of instrument
For example, it is composed of a tubular body portion having a performance operator such as a tone key / lever and a mouthpiece portion attached to one end side of the tubular body portion, and has an appearance imitating a clarinet or the like. In such an electronic wind instrument, the mouthpiece part is provided with a sensor for detecting the breath pressure blown by the player, and a key-on signal for instructing the start of sound generation when the breath pressure blown into the mouthpiece reaches a predetermined value or more. To occur. And
A wind instrument sound having a pitch corresponding to the tone key operated by fingering at the time of key-on is formed.

By the way, in order to obtain a feeling of performance closer to that of a natural musical instrument, such a conventional electronic wind instrument,
It has been proposed to provide a pressure sensor on the "lead" portion forming the mouthpiece portion. This pressure sensor detects the pressure at which the performer bites the "lead" in response to a blowing operation, and controls the musical tone based on the detected pressure value to give a feeling of performance close to that of an actual wind instrument.
In addition, regarding this type of technology, for example, the actual Kaihei 3-3
It is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5595.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned conventional electronic wind instrument, tone control is performed so as to obtain a performance feeling close to that of a natural musical instrument in accordance with the output of the pressure sensor attached to the "lead" portion. However, considering the sounding behavior of an actual wind instrument, it has been found that the timbre of a musical tone slightly changes depending on the position and pressure of the “lips” and “tongue” touching the “lead”.
Therefore, from this point of view, it cannot be said that the conventional electronic wind instrument produces a playing feeling close to that of a natural musical instrument.
It has the drawback that it cannot achieve a subtle performance expression that changes depending on the position and pressure of the "lips" and "tongue" touching the "lead". The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic wind instrument that can realize a subtle performance expression that changes depending on the position and pressure of the "lips" and "tongue" touching the "lead". Has an aim.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided an electronic wind instrument comprising a tube portion having a performance operator and a mouthpiece fitted to one end side of the tube portion, the electronic wind instrument being arranged opposite to the mouthpiece. A state detection sensor which is provided on the reed and detects a contact state of a lip or a tongue which comes into contact with the reed in accordance with a blowing motion, and generates a state signal indicating the contact state, and the lead signal from the state signal. And a tone control means for extracting the state information representing the position and pressure of the lips abutting against the tongue, or the position and pressure of the tongue abutting against the lead, and controlling the musical tone to be generated according to the extracted state information. It is characterized by having.

[0006]

According to the above construction, the state detecting sensor attached to the lead arranged so as to face the mouthpiece detects the contact state of the lip or tongue contacting the lead to generate a state signal, and the tone control means is From this state signal, state information indicating the position and pressure of the lip contacting the lead, or the position of the tongue contacting the lead and pressure thereof is extracted, and the musical sound to be generated is controlled according to the extracted state information. This enables a subtle performance expression that changes depending on the position of the lip or tongue touching the "lead", as in a real wind instrument.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. A. Configuration of the First Embodiment (1) Overall Configuration FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of an electronic wind instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The electronic wind instrument shown in this figure imitates the shape of a wind instrument (not shown), and it is assumed that the electronic wind instrument is formed of a tubular body portion and a mouthpiece portion as in the conventional one. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an operator composed of a performance operator (tone key / tone lever) arranged in the tubular body and various setting switches such as a tone color selection switch. Generate a control signal. Reference numeral 2 is a breath pressure detection unit that includes a breath pressure sensor 2a (not shown) provided inside the mouthpiece and a detection circuit that generates breath pressure data based on the output of the sensor 2a.

Reference numeral 3 is a lip position detector. The lip position detector 3 detects the lip position of the performer in contact with the "lead" and its pressure, and detects the position of the lip in contact with the "lead" based on the output signals of the lip sensor 3a and the sensor 2a. And a signal generating circuit for generating a signal representing the pressure at the time of contact. The configuration of the lip sensor 3a will be described later. A CPU 4 controls each part of the electronic wind instrument, and its operation will be described later. 5
Is a program memory (ROM) in which a control program loaded into the CPU 4 is stored.

Reference numeral 6 is a working memory (RAM),
Various calculation results and register values performed in the CPU 4 are temporarily stored. Reference numeral 7 is a table memory (ROM) in which various table data referred to in the execution of the above-mentioned control program is stored. In the table memory 7,
A plurality of lip control tables (which will be described later) are stored, and tone control parameters such as filter coefficients are read according to the output of the lip sensor 3a described above.

Reference numeral 8 is a sound source constituted by a well-known waveform memory reading method, which synthesizes a musical tone in accordance with various manipulator signals and musical tone control parameters supplied via a bus, and produces a musical tone signal formed by this. Output. 9 is a sound system. Sound system 9 is sound source 8
After filtering the musical tone signal supplied from the device, removing unnecessary noise or adding a sound effect, this is amplified and pronounced.

(2) Structure of Lip Sensor 3a Next, the structure of the lip sensor 3a will be described with reference to FIGS. First, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of the mouthpiece portion MP in the electronic wind instrument. In this figure, 10 is a mouthpiece main body, and 11 is a lead substrate which is arranged to face the mouthpiece main body with a predetermined gap.
A lip sensor 3a having a layered structure is laid on the lower surface of the lead substrate 11 as described later. Reference numeral 12 is a spacer that holds the lip sensor 3a together with the lead substrate 11. The spacer 12 is a lead fixing metal fitting 13a,
It is fixed by 13b.

The lip sensor 3a has a mouthpiece portion MP
Is provided with a position detection area SE having a width W and a length L from the blowing end of the lower lip, and represents the position of the lower lip that contacts the "lead" when the player holds the mouthpiece body 10 and the pressure at the time of contact. The signal is supplied to the output terminal Sout. The structure of the lip sensor 3a that realizes such a detection mode will be described below.

First, FIG. 3 is a plan view of a lip sensor 3a having a two-layer structure. In the figure, 14,1
Reference numeral 5 is a sensor substrate. Sensor board 14, 15
Above the pressure sensitive material Pa having different area shapes.
~ Pf are provided. These pressure-sensitive substances Pa to Pf
Is a material also called “pressure-sensitive ink” and has the property of deforming according to the applied pressure and decreasing the electrical resistance value according to the pressure. Pressure sensitive material Pa ~ P
f denotes electrodes D1 to D1 provided on the sensor substrates 14 and 15.
D3 and electrodes D4 to D6, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 4, the sensor substrates 14 and 15 are stacked so that the pressure sensitive substances Pa to Pf face each other with the insulator I interposed therebetween. In the lip sensor 3a having such a sandwich structure, the pressure-sensitive substance Pa
Detection areas E1 to E6 are formed according to the contact form between Pf. That is, the detection area E1 is a region where the pressure sensitive substance Pa and the pressure sensitive substance Pc are in contact, and the detection area E2 is a region where the pressure sensitive substance Pb is in contact with the pressure sensitive substance Pc. Further, the detection area E3 is an area where the pressure-sensitive substance Pa and the pressure-sensitive substance Pc are in contact with each other, and at the same time, the pressure-sensitive substance Pb and the pressure-sensitive substance Pc are in contact with each other.

Further, the detection area E4 has a pressure-sensitive substance Pb.
And the pressure-sensitive substance Pd come into contact with each other. Detection area E
Reference numeral 5 is a region where the pressure-sensitive substance Pb and the pressure-sensitive substance Pc are in contact with each other, and at the same time, the pressure-sensitive substance Pb and the pressure-sensitive substance Pd are in contact with each other. In addition, the detection area E6 is an area where the pressure sensitive substance Pe and the pressure sensitive substance Pf are in contact with each other. Then, these detection areas E1 to E6 form the above-described position detection area SE. The points intended by these detection areas E1 to E6 will be described later.

In the above structure, for example, when the lower lip of the player touches the detection area E1, the electrodes D1 and D4 are brought into conduction with a resistance value corresponding to the pressure. That is, in this lip sensor 3a, the electrodes corresponding to the detection areas E1 to E6 are electrically connected to each other to determine the contact position (area), and the resistance value between the connected electrodes is the pressure at the time of contact. Equivalent to. The detection area E6 located at the blowing end of the mouthpiece portion MP is used to detect the "toning" operation. “Tunging” refers to an operation of blowing by closing the space between the “lead” and the “mouthpiece” by the winder's “tongue”. Detection area E6
Then, such "tongue" movement is detected.

B. Operation of the First Embodiment (1) General Operation (Operation of Main Routine) Next, the general operation of the electronic wind instrument having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIG. First, when the electronic wind instrument is powered on, the CPU 4 loads the control program stored in the program memory 5 and starts the main routine shown in FIG. As a result, the processing of the CPU 4 proceeds to step Sa1. In step Sa1, the contents of various registers secured in the working memory 6 are initialized and the initial setting corresponding to the setting operation of the operator 1 is performed, and the process proceeds to the next step Sa2. Note that the setting operation here means, for example, a tone color setting based on the tone color selection switch operation.

In step Sa2, the mouthpiece portion MP
The sound generation / silence processing is performed according to the output of the breath pressure sensor provided in. That is, when the breath pressure blown into the mouthpiece becomes a predetermined value or more, the CPU 4 generates a key-on signal and supplies it to the sound source 8. On the other hand, when the breath pressure blown into the mouthpiece becomes less than the predetermined value, CP
U4 generates a key-off signal and instructs the sound source 8 to mute. When such pronunciation / silence processing is performed, the CPU
4 advances the processing to the next step Sa3.

In step Sa3, it is determined whether or not there is a switch event indicating the operation of the performance operator (tone key / tone lever). Here, if the tone key / tone lever is operated, the determination result is “YES”.
Then, the process proceeds to the next step Sa4. In step Sa4, the CPU 4 generates a key code KC corresponding to the tone key / tone lever being finger-operated and supplies it to the sound source 8. As a result, when the sound source 8 receives a sounding instruction, the sound source 8 sounds the wind instrument sound of the tone color set in step Sa1 at the pitch corresponding to the key code KC.

On the other hand, if no new fingering operation is performed,
For example, since a switch event is not generated when the same pitch is continuously sounded, the determination result of step Sa3 is "NO", and the process proceeds to step Sa5. In step Sa5, lip sensor processing for modifying the wind instrument sound according to the output of the lip sensor 3a is performed. In this lip sensor process, a musical tone is controlled in accordance with the position of the lower lip of the player who contacts the "lead" and the pressure at the time of contact to give a subtle performance expression, the details of which will be described later.

Next, when proceeding to step Sa6, the CPU
Reference numeral 4 denotes a tone color setting process performed during a performance operation, or a process of adding a known sound effect such as "reverb" to the tone signal generated in the process of steps Sa2 to Sa5,
After that, the operations after step Sa2 are repeated again. In this way, in the main routine, when the breath pressure blown into the mouthpiece is equal to or higher than the predetermined value,
A wind instrument sound having a pitch designated by a tone key / tone lever operation is generated, and a delicate performance expression is given to a continuously produced wind instrument sound by performing a lip sensor process described later.

(2) Operation of Lip Sensor Processing Next, the operation of the above-described lip sensor processing routine will be described with reference to FIGS. As mentioned above, C
When the processing of PU4 proceeds to step Sa5, the lip sensor processing routine shown in FIG. 6 is activated, and the CPU 4 proceeds to step Sb1. In step Sb1, the outputs of the detection areas E1, E2, E4, E6 (see FIG. 4) are fetched and set in the registers F (0) to F (3), respectively. Then, when the process proceeds to step Sb2, the register SUM
Then, the value of the register i is reset to zero, and the process proceeds to the next step Sb3.

In step Sb3, first, the register F
It is determined whether the value of (0) is larger than the predetermined value # 1. Here, when the value of the register F (0) is larger than the predetermined value # 1, that is, when the lower lip of the wind blower contacts the detection area E1 and a pressure of a predetermined level or more is applied, the determination result is “YES”. Then, the process proceeds to the next step Sb4. CP
When the processing of U4 proceeds to step Sb4, the register is turned on.
The detection flag “1” is set to (0) and the value of the register F (0) is set to the register SUM. This register SUM has a register F (0) as described later.
The values of ~ F (2) are sequentially added.

On the other hand, if the value of the register F (0) is less than the predetermined value # 1, that is, if the pressure above the predetermined level is not applied to the detection area E1, step Sb is performed.
The determination result of 3 is "NO", and the process proceeds to step Sb5. In step Sb5, the detection flag "0" is set in the register ON (0). Next, when proceeding to step Sb6, the register i is incremented by 1, and then proceeding to step Sb7, it is determined whether or not the value of the register i is "3". In this case, since the value of the register i is "1", the determination result is "NO", and the process returns to step Sb3 described above.

After that, the CPU 4 executes steps Sb3 to Sb until the result of the judgment in step Sb7 becomes "YES".
Repeat 6 As a result, the detection areas E1, E2,
The detection state of E4 is set to the registers ON (0) to ON (2), and a value corresponding to the total pressure applied to the detection areas E1, E2, E4 is secured in the register SUM.

When the detection states of the respective detection areas E1, E2, E4 are thus taken in, the CPU 4 advances the processing to step Sb8 shown in FIG. In step Sb8, the lip control table is selected in accordance with the combination of the detection flags set in the registers ON (0) to ON (2), and the value of the register SUM is used as the read address, and the musical tone is selected from the selected table. Read control parameters. The lip control table, as described above,
A data table that is registered in the table memory 7 (see FIG. 1) and that stores tone control parameters such as filter coefficients corresponding to the total pressure applied to the detection areas E1, E2, E4. is there.

The correspondence between the detection flag and the lip control table will be described with reference to FIG. Now
For example, it is assumed that the windshield player's lower lip comes into contact with the detection area E4 with a pressure of a predetermined value # 1 or more in association with a performance operation. At this time,
The aforementioned pressure-sensitive substances Pb and Pd come into contact with each other, and a resistance value corresponding to the pressure applied thereto appears at the ends of the electrodes D1 and D4. In this case, through the operations of steps Sb3 to Sb7 described above,
"0", "0", and "1" are set in the registers ON (0) to ON (2), respectively. Then, the lip control table with the table number “4” is selected from the combination of the detection flags, and the filter coefficient is read from the table using the value of the register SUM as a read address.

The tone control parameter (filter coefficient) read from the lip control table is supplied to the sound source 8 by the CPU 4 (step Sb9), whereby the sound source 8 controls the filtering characteristic according to the filter coefficient, and the tone The tone of the synthesized wind instrument sound is subtly changed to create a playing feel that is close to that of a natural instrument. Next, when proceeding to step Sb10, the CPU 4 causes the register F described above.
It is determined whether the value of (3) is larger than the predetermined value # 2. Here, the output of the detection area E6 for detecting the above-mentioned "toning" operation is set in the register F (3).

When the value of the register F (3) is larger than the predetermined value # 2, it is considered that the gap between the lead and the mouthpiece is closed by the "toning" operation, and the judgment here is made. The result is "YES" and the process proceeds to step Sb11. In step Sb11, a key-off signal is supplied to the sound source 8 in response to the closed state to instruct mute, and thereafter, the processing of the CPU 4 returns to the main routine (see FIG. 5) described above.

On the other hand, when the value of the register F (3) is smaller than the predetermined value # 2, the determination result of step Sb10 is "NO", and the process proceeds to step Sb12. In step Sb12, it is determined whether the value of the register F (3) is larger than the predetermined value # 3. Here, the predetermined value # 3 is a value smaller than the predetermined value # 2, and when the gap between the reed and the mouthpiece is slightly closed with the tongue, when so-called "breathing sound" due to tongue is generated. Is equivalent to the operation of. When the "toning" is performed to generate this "breathing sound", the determination result here is "YES", and the process proceeds to step Sb13.

In step Sb13, register F (3)
A filter control signal is formed based on the value of and is supplied to the sound source 8. In sound source 8, to create a "breathing sound",
The cutoff frequency is lowered according to the filter control signal to make the sound dull. In step Sb12 described above, when the value of the register F (3) is smaller than the predetermined value # 3, it is not regarded as the “toning” operation and the determination result is “N.
"O" and the routine is completed.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the lip sensor 3a detects the position and pressure of the lips of the wind blower who is in contact with the "lead", and various tone control modes are selected according to the position of the lips. By simulating the "toning" operation according to the pressure applied to the "lead" tip, which is varied, a sounding behavior very close to that of a real wind instrument is realized. As a result, it is possible to obtain a performance feeling close to that of a natural musical instrument, such as subtly changing the timbre.

In the first embodiment described above, the lip control table is selected based on the output of the lip sensor 3a, and the musical tone is controlled by changing the filtering characteristic according to the filter coefficient read from the selected lip control table. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the timbre may be controlled by changing the read waveform according to the output of the lip sensor 3a, for example. Further, although the sound source 8 of the waveform memory reading method is used in this embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and a physical sound source for simulating a sounding mechanism of a wind instrument can be applied. In this case, since the behavior of the "lead" is simulated according to the position of the lip that contacts the "lead", the sounding form is equivalent to that of an actual wind instrument.

C. Modified Example Next, FIG. 9 is a view showing a modified example of the lip sensor 3a. The lip sensor 3a shown in this figure is the touch panel 2
0a and the pressure-sensitive sensor 20b are stacked on the substrate 21, the touched position is detected by the touch panel 20a, and the pressure-sensitive sensor 20b detects the pressing force at that position. It is a thing. The output of the touch panel 20a is the electrode V laid on the substrate 21.
1 and H1, and the output of the pressure-sensitive sensor 20b is taken out from the electrodes V2 and H2.

When the lip sensor 3a having such a structure is applied to the above-mentioned embodiment, the position of the lip contacting the "lead" and the pressure thereof are individually and uniquely detected. Therefore, unlike the above-described lip sensor processing routine, it is not necessary to take in the output for each detection area, so that the function of the lip sensor processing routine can be realized very simply.

D. Second Embodiment Configuration Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The second embodiment and the above-described first embodiment are only partially different in the configuration of the lip position detection unit 3, and the other configurations are common to those of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
Therefore, here, the configuration of the lip sensor 3a forming the lip position detecting section 3 and the signal generating circuit 3b converting the resistance change of the sensor 3a into a detection signal is shown in FIG.
~ It demonstrates with reference to FIG. In these figures, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals,
The description is omitted.

(1) Structure of Lip Sensor 3a FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the structure of the lip sensor 3a according to the second embodiment. The lip sensor 3a shown in this figure is different from that of the first embodiment in that the pressure-sensitive substances Pe and Pf for detecting the "toning" operation are omitted. In the figure, PA to PD are sensor substrates 1 respectively.
4, 15 are pressure-sensitive substances laid on the electrodes 4, 15
~ Dd are connected. The detection positions X, L, Y are defined from the contact form of these pressure-sensitive substances PA to PD. As described above, the pressure sensitive substances PA to PD are “pressure sensitive ink”.
It is also called a material, and has the physical property that its electrical resistance value decreases while deforming according to the applied pressure.

The detection positions X, L, and Y correspond to the case where the pressure-sensitive substances PA and PC contact each other, PB and PC contact each other, and PB and PD contact each other. That is, when the lower lip of the blower comes into contact with the vicinity of the detection position X, the pressure-sensitive substances PA and PC come into contact with each other, and the electrodes Da and Dc are electrically connected in a resistance state corresponding to the pressure at that time. Similarly, when pressure is applied near the detection position L, the electrodes Db,
When Dc is electrically connected and pressure is further applied to the vicinity of the detection position Y, the electrodes Db and Dd are electrically connected in a resistance state corresponding to the pressure.

(2) Configuration of Signal Generation Circuit 3b Next, the configuration of the signal generation circuit 3b for converting the resistance change of the lip sensor 3a into a detection signal will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 30 is an analog switch for controlling on / off of the switches 30a to 30d according to the switch control signals SWA to SWD. Switch 30a
˜30d, each electrode Da of the lip sensor 3a.
~ Dd are connected. The switches 30a to 30d are
When the switch control signals SWA to SWD of "H" level are supplied, the ON state is set, while when the switch control signals SWA to SWD of "L" level are supplied, the OFF state is set.

31 is provided with resistors R1 to R3 and has a constant current source CC
It is a well-known bridge circuit to which a constant current is supplied from.
The switches 30a, 3 are provided on one side of the bridge circuit 31.
The output end of 0b and the output ends of the switches 30c and 30d are connected to give the resistance value of the lip sensor 3a. Therefore, the resistance value of the lip sensor 3a is set to Rc.
Then, RcR2 = R1R3 is a balance condition of the bridge circuit 31. Reference numeral 32 is a differential amplifier that outputs the resistance value Rc as a detection signal. An A / D converter 33 converts this detection signal into detection data and outputs it.

Reference numeral 34 is a latch circuit for latching and outputting the detection data in accordance with the latch signal LAT, and 35 is a multiplexer for transmitting the detection data to any one of the latch circuits 36 to 38 in accordance with a control signal supplied from the outside. Supply.
The latch circuits 36 to 38 have detection positions X, L, and
Detection data α, β, which correspond to the pressure applied near Y
γ is latched.

The signal generating circuit 3b having the above structure is shown in FIG.
The analog switch 30 is ON / OFF controlled at the operation timing shown in FIG. 2, and the detection data α, β, and γ are sequentially latched by the latch circuits 36 to 38 corresponding to this. The switch control signals SWA to SWD are generated according to the operation of the CPU 4. For example, when generating the detection data α representing the pressure near the detection position X, the switch control signals SWA and SWC are set. Electrodes Da and D as "H" level
The resistance value Rc between c is given to the bridge circuit 31, and the output of the A / D converter 33 at that time is latched.

(3) Parameter Conversion Theory In the second embodiment, the detection data α, β, γ are converted into embouchure information based on the operation to be described later, and the timbre or the like is subtly changed according to the embouchure information. It is characterized by obtaining a pronunciation behavior very close to that of an actual wind instrument. The embsure information referred to here is the contact center position PST, the contact pressure PRS, and the contact area S of the lips that come into contact with the "lead" when the wind player holds the mouthpiece 10.
It is defined as consisting of.

Hereinafter, the detection data α, β, γ latched in the latch circuits 36 to 38 in sequence are set to the parameter PS.
The conversion theory associated with T, PRS and S will be described. First, the above-described detection positions X, L, Y (see FIG. 10) are normalized, and the variable x corresponding thereto is defined as (-1, 0, 1) as shown in FIG. Then, assuming that the value range representing the pressure value is y, the detection values when the variable x is (-1, 0, 1) are associated with the detection data α, β, γ, respectively. That is, it is assumed that the pressure at which the lips come into contact with the leads is maximized near the contact center of the lips, and the range y is interpolated by a quadratic function. This relationship is approximated by a quadratic function as shown in FIG.

Although the coefficient a, the maximum value p and the intercept q of this quadratic function are not strictly correct values, they are parameters that reflect the above-mentioned contact area S, lip contact center position PST and contact pressure PRS, respectively. Can be considered. It should be noted that the reason why this relationship can be said is that the quadratic interpolation formula must be convex upward, and the condition thereof will be described later. Therefore,
The relational expression between the range y and the variable x can be expressed by the following equations (1) and (2) based on the detection data α, β, γ.

[Equation 1]

[Equation 2]

As is clear from the above equations (1) and (2), the following conditions are found. That is, the pressure at which the lips come into contact with the lead becomes maximum near the contact center. The lip contact is placed at the detection positions X, L, Y simultaneously. α-2β +
When γ <0 is satisfied, the Embouchure information is expressed by the following equation (3)-
It can be estimated based on the equation (5).

[Equation 3]

[Equation 4]

[Equation 5]

By the way, the following cases can be considered as situations where the conditions shown in the above items 1 to 4 are not satisfied. (B) In the case of α-2β + γ = 0 This is the detection data α, β, at the detection positions X, L, Y.
This is the case where γ is aligned on a straight line. That is, when α = β = γ, it means that the contact area of the lips is so large that equal pressures are applied to the positions X, L, and Y, respectively. In such a case, for example, the contact area S = 0 (maximum), the contact center position PST = 0, and the contact pressure PRS = β are processed. In other cases, it is assumed that α and γ are compared and the center is located in the larger one.

(B) In the case of α-2β + γ> 0 This is a case where the quadratic function is convex downward, and it is unlikely that the quadratic function will occur in a normal playing state. , Γ is set as the contact center at the position corresponding to the maximum of γ ”. (C) When the lips are not placed at the three detection positions X, L, and Y at the same time In this case, any of "α", "α and β", "γ", and "β and γ" becomes 0. It is possible that the lips are largely out of the detection area, or the contact surface is small and the lips are not in contact with three detection positions at the same time.

As described above, in the second embodiment, when the lip comes into contact with the detection range ΔXY of the lip sensor 3a and the corresponding detection data α, β, γ are obtained, the above (3) to () are performed. The “contact center position PST”, the “contact pressure PRS”, and the “contact area S” that form the embouchure information are derived in accordance with the definition of the equation (5). Next, the operation of the second embodiment based on such parameter conversion theory will be described.

E. Operation of Second Embodiment The second embodiment differs from the above-described first embodiment only in the lip sensor processing, and the basic operation follows the main routine shown in FIG. Therefore, hereinafter, the lip sensor processing based on the above-mentioned parameter conversion theory will be described with reference to FIG.
Will be described with reference to.

As described above, when the processing of the CPU 4 proceeds to step Sa5 (see FIG. 5: main routine), the lip sensor processing for modifying the wind instrument sound according to the output of the lip sensor 3a is activated. When the lip sensor processing routine shown in FIG. 14 is started, the CPU 4 executes step Sc1.
The processing is advanced to the step S1, and the detection data α, β, γ corresponding to the detection positions X, L, Y are fetched, and these are set in the registers α, β, γ. Next, when proceeding to step Sc2, the calculation based on the expressions (3) to (5) described above is performed based on the contents of the registers α, β, γ, and the contact center position PST of the lip contacting the “lead” and the contact pressure. The PRS and contact area S are calculated. Then, the calculated parameter values are sequentially written in the corresponding registers PST, PRS and S.

Then, when the operation proceeds to step Sc3, the CPU
Reference numeral 4 performs table reading (described later) using each parameter value set in the registers PST, PRS and S as a read address, and generates musical tone control parameters PRM, VL, DP according to the read table data. Here, referring to FIG. 15, the contact center position PST,
Table reading according to the contact pressure PRS and the contact area S will be described.

First, in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The data tables 15a to 15i shown in are stored in the table memory 7 (see FIG. 1). Here, the data tables 15a to 15c are tables that specify the cutoff frequency f of the low-pass filter LPF included in the sound source 8. That is, as shown in the relationship in FIG. 15B, in the data table 15a, the contact center position PST described above is used.
Corresponding cut-off frequency f
Read out. In the case of this example, the cut-off frequency f of the low-pass filter LPF becomes smaller as the contact center position PST becomes “large”, that is, the position where the lips are shallower.

In the data table 15b, the cutoff frequency f corresponding to the contact pressure PRS is read as a read address. In the case of this example, the contact center position PS
The cutoff frequency f decreases as T increases, that is, as the lip pressure increases. Further, in the data table 15c, the corresponding cutoff frequency f is read using the contact area S as a read address. In the case of this example, the contact area S
Is larger, that is, the larger the contact area of the lips, the lower the cut-off frequency f.

Similar to the above, the data tables 15d to 15f are tables for reading the corresponding volume control data with the contact center position PST, the contact pressure PRS, and the contact area S as read addresses. In these tables 15d to 15f, as shown in FIG. 15B, volume control data for reducing the volume of the generated musical tone is generated as the lips are located shallower, and the generated musical tone is generated as the lip pressure is increased. The volume control data for reducing the volume of is generated, and the volume control data for reducing the volume of the generated musical sound is generated as the contact area of the lips further increases.

Similarly, in the data tables 15g to 15i, corresponding pitch bend data is read using the contact center position PST, the contact pressure PRS, and the contact area S as read addresses. The pitch bend data referred to here is data for controlling a predetermined pitch (pitch) generated by a fingering operation to a high range or a low range. Then, in the example shown in FIG.
Pitch bends are performed "to the high frequency side as the lips come to a shallow position", "to the high frequency side as the lip pressure increases", and "to the low frequency side as the lip contact area increases".

Then, in this step Sc3, the cutoff frequency f read from the tables 15a to 15c, the volume control data read from the tables 15d to 15f, and the pitch bend data read from the tables 15g to 15i are added. Average and set the result in registers PRM, VL, DP. here,
The data set in these registers PRM, VL, DP are called tone control parameters PRM, VL, DP, and these parameters are the contact center position PST and the contact pressure PRS.
It corresponds to “cutoff frequency f”, “volume control data”, and “pitch bend data” that comprehensively consider the contact area S. Further, in this step Sc3, the waveform number corresponding to the contact center position PST, the contact pressure PRS and the contact area S is read out from the waveform table (not shown) and set in the register WN.

Thus, the contact center position PST and the contact pressure P
When the tone control parameters PRM, VL, DP and the waveform number WN are obtained by comprehensively considering the RS and the contact area S, the process of the CPU 4 proceeds to the next step Sc4. When the processing proceeds to step Sc4, the CPU 4 registers the registers PRM and V.
From L, DP, WN to tone control parameters PRM, VL,
The DP and the waveform number are read out and supplied to the sound source 8. As a result, the sound source 8 reads the waveform data corresponding to the waveform number from the waveform memory, and controls the read waveform data tones according to the tone control parameters PRM, VL, and DP. In other words, like an actual wind instrument,
A delicate musical tone control that changes according to the position, pressure, and area of the lip that touches the "lead" is performed.

As described above, according to the second embodiment described above, the detection data α, β, γ generated based on the output signal of the lip sensor 3a are converted into the contact center position PST of the lip forming the embouchure information. The contact pressure PRS and the contact area S are converted into the contact center position PST and the contact pressure P.
Since tone control is performed according to the tone control parameters PRM, VL, DP and the waveform number that comprehensively consider RS and the contact area S, it changes according to the position, pressure and area of the lip touching the "lead". A subtle performance expression is realized.

In the second embodiment described above,
The "cutoff frequency f", "volume", and "pitch bend" are control targets, but instead of this, for example, "vibrato" or the like may be used to control the sound effect according to the blowing operation. In this case, high performance expression can be realized by a simple blowing operation. Also, the second
Although the sound source 8 based on the waveform memory reading method is used in the embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is also possible to apply a physical model sound source that simulates the sounding mechanism of a wind instrument. In this case, since the behavior of the "lead" is simulated according to the position, pressure and area of the lip contacting the "lead", the sounding mechanism is equivalent to that of an actual wind instrument.

[0061]

As described above, according to the present invention, the state detection sensor attached to the lead arranged to face the mouthpiece detects the state of contact of the lip or tongue contacting the lead and outputs the state signal. And the tone control means extracts from this state signal the state information representing the position and pressure of the lip contacting the lead, or the position of the tongue contacting the lead and its pressure, and producing a sound in accordance with the extracted state information. Since the tones to be controlled are controlled, it is possible to realize a subtle performance expression that changes according to the position of the lip or tongue touching the "lead", as in a real wind instrument.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a first embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a structure of a mouthpiece portion MP in the same embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the structure of a lip sensor 3a according to the same embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the structure of a lip sensor 3a according to the same embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the main routine in the same embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a lip sensor processing routine in the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a lip sensor processing routine in the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a modified example of the lip sensor 3a.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the structure of a lip sensor 3a according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a signal generation circuit 3b in the same example.

FIG. 12 is a view for explaining the operation of the signal generation circuit 3b in the same embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a parameter conversion theory in the embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a lip sensor processing routine in the embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a data table 15a to 15a in the same embodiment.
The figure for demonstrating 15i.

[Explanation of symbols]

3 ... Lip position detector (state detection sensor), 3a ... Lip sensor (state detection sensor), 4 ... CPU (tone control means), 5 ... Program memory (tone control means), 6 ... Working memory (tone control means) , 7 ... Table memory (tone control means), 8 ... Sound source (tone control means), 10 ...
Mouthpiece.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An electronic wind instrument comprising a tubular body portion having a performance operator and a mouthpiece fitted to one end side of the tubular body portion, wherein the electronic wind instrument is provided on a lead arranged to face the mouthpiece.
A state detection sensor that detects the contact state of the lip or tongue that contacts the lead in association with the blowing motion, and a state detection sensor that generates a state signal representing these contact states, and the position of the lip that contacts the lead from the state signal and It is provided with a tone control means for extracting the pressure, or the position information of the tongue that abuts on the lead and the pressure indicating the pressure, and controlling the tone to be generated according to the extracted state information. Electronic wind instrument. 2. An electronic wind instrument comprising a tubular body portion having a performance operator and a mouthpiece fitted to one end side of the tubular body portion, wherein the lip abutting on a lead portion opposed to the mouthpiece. A plurality of state detecting means for detecting the pressed state of the, and a converting means for converting the detection signals output from the plurality of state detecting means into blowing state information indicating at least the position, pressure and area of the lip contacting the lead. And an electronic wind instrument comprising a musical sound forming means for forming a wind instrument sound to be produced according to the wind state information.