JPH0772677B2 - Heat carrier - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat transfer device that heats a refrigerant and uses the pressure at the time of heating to move heat to the use side.

Conventional technology A heat-driven heat transfer method is used in which the refrigerant is circulated by using the pressure of the refrigerant that evaporates due to combustion heat by heating the refrigerant with the heat of a burner, etc. To intermittently supply this liquid refrigerant to the heater, set the cycle of intermittent supply in accordance with the highest temperature (or pressure) of the conditions for heat transfer due to the restrictions on the physical properties of the refrigerant. Was. That is, the liquid refrigerant is intermittently supplied at the shortest cycle determined so as to be optimum for the highest temperature (or pressure) in the operating range of the system.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above-described configuration, the temperature (or pressure) that occurs because the amount of refrigerant entering the heater and the amount of refrigerant exiting the heater are not balanced under operating conditions of low temperature (or pressure) Hunting may occur, and heating may occur due to a local lack of liquid refrigerant in the heater,
There was a problem in the thermal decomposition of the refrigerant and the reliability of the system.

The present invention solves the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to stably supply the required liquid refrigerant to the refrigerant heater regardless of the operating condition of the cycle, and to improve the reliability of the system. .

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the heat transfer device of the present invention is a gas-liquid separator and a refrigerant heater arranged below the separator with a refrigerant heater inlet pipe and a refrigerant heater outlet pipe. Connect the pipes in a ring,
A liquid receiver is arranged above the gas-liquid separator, and a radiator, a first check valve, and the liquid receiver are connected by a liquid return pipe, and the liquid receiver and the second check valve are connected by a liquid drop pipe. The gas-liquid separator is connected, and the gas-liquid separator and the radiator are connected by a gas outflow pipe to provide an annular heat transfer path, and an on-off valve is provided between the liquid receiver and the gas-liquid separator. A pressure equalizing pipe is provided, and the opening / closing cycle of the opening / closing valve is set for each monotonically increasing amount of temperature or pressure detected by the temperature detector or pressure detector installed on the refrigerant heater outlet side. The configuration is such that a control device is provided which operates so as to decrease and change the decrease width of the opening / closing cycle in accordance with the increasing speed of the monotonically increasing amount.

Action The present invention detects the increase of the liquid refrigerant in the radiator according to the increase amount of the temperature or the pressure of the refrigerant evaporated in the refrigerant heater to detect the opening / closing cycle of the opening / closing valve regardless of the operating condition of the cycle by the above-described configuration. To increase the number of opening and closing,
The amount of refrigerant that is condensed by being pumped from the refrigerant heater to the radiator by quickly returning the liquid refrigerant in the radiator to the refrigerant heater side, and the amount of condensed liquid refrigerant flowing from the radiator to the receiver and to the heater To balance the amount of supplied refrigerant, prevent hunting of cycle temperature or pressure, and prevent local abnormal overheating of the refrigerant in the refrigerant heater.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

1 is a refrigerant heater, 2 is a liquid receiver, 3 is a gas-liquid separator, 4
Is a radiator, and the refrigerant heater 1 is arranged below the gas-liquid separator 3 and is in annular contact with the refrigerant heater inlet pipe 5 and the refrigerant heater outlet pipe 6. The liquid receiver 2 is arranged above the gas-liquid separator 3, the radiator 4 and the liquid receiver 2 are connected by a liquid return pipe 8 having a first check valve 7, and the liquid receiver 2 and the gas-liquid separator 3 are connected. Liquid drop pipe having a second check valve 9
Connected at 10, the gas-liquid separator 3 and the radiator 4 are gas flow pipes.
The liquid receiver 2, the gas-liquid separator 3, and the radiator 4 are connected by 11 and are sequentially connected by a liquid return pipe 8, a liquid drop pipe 10, and a gas feed pipe 11 to form an annular heat transfer path. Reference numeral 12 is a pressure equalizing pipe that connects the liquid receiver 2 and the gas-liquid separator 3, and has an opening / closing valve 13 and is connected to the refrigerant heater outlet pipe 6 so as to communicate with the gas-liquid separator 3. Reference numeral 14 is a temperature detector provided in the refrigerant heater outlet pipe 6 on the refrigerant heater outlet side, and the opening / closing valve 13 and the temperature detector 14 are connected by the controller 15.
Reference numeral 16 is a burner provided in the refrigerant heater 1, and 17 is a blower provided in the radiator 4.

In the above configuration, the refrigerant that has been overheated by the combustion heat of the burner 16 in the refrigerant heater flows into the gas-liquid separator 3 through the refrigerant heater outlet pipe 6 in a two-phase state of gas and liquid, and the liquid refrigerant again enters the refrigerant heater inlet. It flows into the refrigerant heater 1 through the pipe 5. On the other hand, the gas refrigerant of the two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the gas-liquid separator 3 passes through the gas outflow pipe 11 and dissipates heat to the air on the user side by the operation of the blower 17 in the radiator 4 to be condensed and liquefied. At this time, when the on-off valve 13 is closed, the condensed liquid refrigerant of the radiator 4 is pressure-fed to the liquid receiver 2 by the liquid return pipe 8 through the first check valve 7, and the liquid inside the liquid receiver 2 becomes liquid over time. Filled with refrigerant. At this time, since the pressure inside the liquid receiver 2 is lower than the pressure inside the gas-liquid separator 3, the second check valve 9 is closed. When the on-off valve 13 is opened in this state, the liquid receiver 2 and the gas-liquid separator 3 are in a pressure equalized state, and the liquid refrigerant in the liquid receiver 2 passes through the second check valve 9 by gravity and passes through the gas-liquid separator 3. Flows in. Next, when the on-off valve 13 is closed again, the second check valve 9 is closed, and the radiator 4 is inserted into the receiver 2.
The condensate refrigerant from is pumped by the pressure of the refrigerant that is evaporated by the heat of the burner, and the cycle in which the receiver 2 is filled with the liquid refrigerant again is repeated. That is, the natural circulation cycle between the gas-liquid separator 3 and the refrigerant heater 1, the gas-liquid separator 3,
The annular heat transfer path of the radiator 4, the first check valve 7, the liquid receiver 2 and the second check valve 9 collects the liquid refrigerant in the liquid receiver 2 and intermittently gas-liquids by the open / close cycle of the open / close valve 13. This is an intermittent operation cycle of supplying the liquid refrigerant to the separator 3.

In this intermittent operation cycle, the outflow time of the liquid refrigerant from the liquid receiver 2 is almost constant due to the action of gravity, so the opening time of the on-off valve 13 is made constant and the closing time is reduced in accordance with the rise of the temperature (or pressure) of the cycle. Thus, the opening / closing cycle can be changed to balance the amount of refrigerant flowing into the liquid receiver 2 and the amount of evaporated refrigerant from the refrigerant heater 1. This will be described with reference to FIG. When the closing time of the on-off valve 13 is operating at τoff1 and the operating temperature θ of the cycle begins to increase monotonically and the temperature detected by the temperature detector 14 shows a constant amount of monotonous increase Δθ, the closing time is changed to Δτof
The control device 15 is operated so as to decrease by f and the opening / closing cycle of the on-off valve is decreased. At time T ₂ and T ₃ , the monotonically increasing amount Δθ of temperature is detected and the closing time τoff1−Δτof
As f, τoff1-2Δτoff, the closing time is sequentially shortened to shorten the opening / closing cycle to increase the liquid refrigerant circulation amount, and the heat radiation condition such as the difference in the heating heat amount in the refrigerant heater 1 or the room temperature air amount in the radiator 4 Even if the operating conditions of the system are different, such as the difference in temperature, the open / close cycle control based on the increase in temperature or pressure prevents excessive accumulation of liquid refrigerant in the radiator 4 to maintain the balance of the refrigerant amount distribution in the system. There is.

As described above, not only the liquid refrigerant in the radiator 4 is quickly pumped out and returned to the refrigerant heater 1 side to prevent abnormal temperature rise and hunting in the cycle to prevent abnormal refrigerant overheating,
When the distance between the radiator and the gas-liquid separator or receiver is long (when the pipe length is long and when transferring heat over a long distance), or the height difference between the radiator and the gas-liquid separator or receiver Even if the flow path resistance of the liquid return pipe 8 is greatly different, stable heat transfer without hunting can be performed, and the degree of freedom in system installation can be improved.

3 and 4, the closing time is reduced at the magnitude of the time ΔT required to reach the temperature monotonous increase amount Δθ detected by the temperature detector, that is, at the increasing speed, in order to perform the stable opening / closing control more quickly. The amount of change Δτ off is changed. When the change time ΔT ₁ is small with respect to the monotonic increase Δθ (when the temperature changes rapidly), when the change time is large ΔT ₂ (when the temperature changes slowly). ) Greater than ()
By shortening the closing time with τoff1> Δτoff2), the opening / closing cycle of the on-off valve is shortened.

By doing so, there is an effect that the cycle can be stabilized more quickly and the abnormal overheating of the refrigerant can be prevented quickly, thereby preventing the abnormal overheating of the refrigerant and further improving the reliability of the system. . Furthermore, even when the heat dissipation condition changes, the amount of heat in the refrigerant heater changes excessively, the open / close valve can be quickly opened / closed to stably supply the liquid refrigerant to the refrigerant heater. A device with excellent comfort can be provided.

Although the temperature detector (or the pressure detector) is arranged in the refrigerant heater outlet pipe 6 in the present embodiment, it goes without saying that it may be the refrigerant heater outlet and may be the gas outgoing pipe 11. Further, although the temperature detector has been described, it is clear that the same effect can be obtained by the pressure detector because the temperature and the pressure have a constant relationship in the two-phase state.

As described above, according to the heat transfer apparatus of the present invention, the temperature detector or the pressure detector reduces the opening / closing cycle of the on-off valve for each monotonically increasing amount of the temperature or the pressure and the monotonous increasing amount. Even if the operating conditions such as the heating amount and heat dissipation conditions are different, the control device that operates to change the decrease width of the opening and closing cycle according to the increasing speed prevents the refrigerant from accumulating in the radiator and the refrigerant heater. Therefore, it is possible to stably supply the liquid refrigerant, and to provide a highly reliable system that prevents abnormal overheating in the refrigerant heater. In addition, even if the pipe lengths are greatly different or the height difference is large, it is possible to prevent the liquid refrigerant from accumulating in the radiator and to supply the stable liquid refrigerant to the refrigerant heater. This has the effect of increasing the size and improving the installability and convenience. Further, there is an effect that a stable supply of the liquid refrigerant can be provided to the refrigerant heater even when the heat radiation condition changes or the heating amount changes excessively, and a device having excellent comfort can be provided even when the temperature changes excessively.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of a heat transfer device showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a closing time control diagram of the on-off valve of FIG. 1, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a control diagram of the closing time of the on-off valve, and FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram of the variation width of the closing time of FIG. 1 ... Refrigerant heater, 2 ... Liquid receiver, 3 ... Gas-liquid separator, 4 ... Radiator, 5 ... Refrigerant heater inlet pipe, 6 ... Refrigerant heater outlet pipe, 7 ... First Check valve, 8 ... Liquid return pipe,
9 ... Second check valve, 10 ... Drain pipe, 11 ... Gas forward pipe,
12 …… pressure equalizing pipe, 13 …… open / close valve, 14 …… temperature detector, 15…
…Control device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A gas-liquid separator and a refrigerant heater arranged below the gas-liquid separator are annularly connected by a refrigerant heater inlet pipe and a refrigerant heater outlet pipe, and a liquid receiver is provided above the gas-liquid separator. The radiator, the first check valve, and the liquid receiver are connected by the liquid return pipe, and the liquid receiver, the second check valve, and the gas-liquid separator are connected by the liquid drop pipe, and the gas flow The gas-liquid separator and the radiator are connected by a pipe to provide an annular heat transfer path, and a pressure equalizing pipe having an on-off valve is provided between the liquid receiver and the gas-liquid separator to open and close the on-off valve. The open / close cycle of the on-off valve is decreased for each constant amount of temperature or pressure detected by the temperature detector or pressure detector provided at the outlet side of the refrigerant heater, and the increasing speed of the monotonous increase amount is increased. A heat transfer device equipped with a controller that changes the opening / closing cycle .