JP3252577B2 - Heat transfer device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat transfer apparatus for utilizing heat for heating or the like by utilizing a pressure increase when a refrigerant is heated.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional heat transfer device is disclosed in, for example,
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 51631, the configuration is as shown in FIG.

That is, the gas-liquid separator 1 is disposed above the refrigerant heater 2 and is connected by an inlet pipe 3 of the refrigerant heater 2 and an outlet pipe 4 of the refrigerant heater 2 and is connected by an annular pipe. Have been. The liquid receiver 5 is disposed above the gas-liquid separator 1, is connected to the gas-liquid separator 1 by a drop pipe 7 having a first check valve 6, and is further connected to an outlet by an equalizing pipe 9 having an on-off valve 8. It is connected to the gas-liquid separator 1 via a pipe 4. The gas-liquid separator 1 and a radiator 10 arranged on the indoor side as a utilization side are connected by a gas refrigerant outflow pipe 11, and the radiator 10 and the liquid receiver 5 are connected to a liquid refrigerant return pipe having a second check valve 12. 13 are connected. As described above, the gas-liquid separator 1, the radiator 10, the second check valve 12, the liquid receiver 5, and the first check valve 6 form an annular circulation path that is sequentially connected to the pipe. Reference numeral 14 denotes a temperature detector provided in the outlet pipe 4 of the refrigerant heater 2, and reference numeral 15 denotes a control device that controls the opening / closing time of the on-off valve 8 based on the temperature detected by the temperature detector 14. Reference numeral 16 denotes a burner provided in the refrigerant heater 2, and the refrigerant is heated by the burner 16. 17 is a blower provided in the radiator 10.

The operation of the above configuration will be described below. In the refrigerant heater 2, the refrigerant heated by the combustion heat of the burner 16 passes through the outlet pipe 4 in the two-phase state of gas and liquid, flows into the gas-liquid separator 1, and the liquid refrigerant is reheated from the inlet pipe 3. Into the vessel 2. On the other hand, the gas-liquid separator 1
The gas refrigerant of the two-phase refrigerant flowing into the radiator 10 enters the radiator 10 through the gas refrigerant outflow pipe 11 and exchanges heat with the room air sent by the blower 17 to radiate and condense to be supercooled and liquefied.

When the on-off valve 8 is closed, the supercooled liquid refrigerant condensed and liquefied by the radiator 10 is supplied to the liquid refrigerant return pipe 13.
Then, the gas refrigerant flows into the liquid receiver 5 through the second check valve 12 by condensing the gas refrigerant. At this time, since the pressure in the liquid receiver 5 is lower than the pressure in the gas-liquid separator 1, the first check valve 6 is in a closed state. In this state,
When the on-off valve 8 is opened, the liquid receiver 5 and the gas-liquid separator 1 communicate with each other by the pressure equalizing pipe 9 to be in a pressure equalized state, and the liquid refrigerant in the liquid receiver 5 passes through the first check valve 6 due to gravity. The gas flows into the gas-liquid separator 1.

Next, when the on-off valve 8 is closed again, the first check valve 6 is closed, and the condensed and supercooled liquid refrigerant of the radiator 10 flows into the receiver 5. The cycle in which the liquid is sucked by the rapid pressure reduction and the liquid receiver 5 is filled with the liquid refrigerant is repeated. As described above, a natural circulation cycle is performed between the gas-liquid separator 1 and the refrigerant heater 2 by the evaporated refrigerant pressure, and the supply of the liquid refrigerant from the receiver 5 to the gas-liquid separator 1 and the refrigerant heater 2 is performed by the on-off valve 8. Is an intermittent operation cycle based on the opening / closing cycle.

[0007]

In the above-mentioned conventional configuration, the opening / closing operation cycle of the on-off valve 8 for performing heat transfer by heating the refrigerant includes a delay in the start of pressure reduction in the receiver 5 as shown in FIG. Time _Tl had to be taken into account. That is, vacuum-off valve 8 is the gas temperature in the delayed receiver 5 is within the receiver 5 to the heat dissipation time T _l from the time t ₁ has Tsu switched to the closed state from the open state is lowered occurs, During the decompression time _Tr , the inside of the receiver 5 is filled with the liquid refrigerant, and the decompression is completed. The decompression start delay time T _l is mainly due to the heat capacity of the container receiver 5. The decompression time _Tr is a time until the liquid refrigerant has completely flowed into the empty receiver 5, and depends on the internal volume of the receiver 5 and the flow path resistance from the radiator 10 to the receiver 5. Is determined. Further, the open time T _ON is the time required for the liquid refrigerant to drop from the liquid receiver 5 that is full to the gas-liquid separator 1, and the internal volume of the liquid receiver 5, the pressure equalizing pipe 9 and the drop pipe 7.
Is determined by the flow path resistance.

[0008] closing period T _S of the thus-off valve 8 is the sum of the open time T _ON and the closing time _{T OFF (T S = T O} N + T OFF), further closing time T _OFF is vacuum start delay time T _It is the sum of _l and the decompression time _Tr (T _OFF = T _l + T _r ). The decompression start delay time T _l restriction in shortening the closing time T _OFF due to the relatively large occurs, the opening and closing period T _S becomes inevitably set status to length first, heat-carrying amount (in the case of use for heating Has limited heating capacity.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, and provides a second refrigerant heater communicating with the inlet pipe and the on-off valve to shorten the required decompression time by increasing the temperature of the refrigerant entering from the on-off valve. Thus, the opening and closing cycle is shortened and the heat transfer amount is increased.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a refrigerant heater and a gas heater disposed above the refrigerant heater and having an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe communicating with the refrigerant heater. A liquid separator, a second refrigerant heater disposed above the gas-liquid separator and communicating with the inlet pipe and the on-off valve, and a receiver communicating with the gas-liquid separator via the on-off valve and the first check valve; It comprises a heat transfer section having a liquid device, and an annular circulation path in which the gas-liquid separator, the radiator, the second check valve, and the liquid receiver are sequentially connected.

[0011]

According to the present invention, the superheated gas refrigerant heated to a high temperature by the second refrigerant heater is guided to the on-off valve by the above structure.
When the on-off valve is opened, the receiver and the gas-liquid separator
And the liquid refrigerant in the receiver flows into the gas-liquid separator through the first check valve by gravity, and the high-temperature superheated refrigerant gas flows into the receiver. Is full. Next, when the on-off valve is closed, the receiver is hotter, so that a large amount of heat is dissipated and the gas temperature in the receiver decreases rapidly, so that the supercooled liquid refrigerant flows into the receiver immediately. Therefore, the gas inside is condensed by the supercooled refrigerant, and the pressure of the refrigerant inside the receiver is rapidly reduced, and the condensation of the gas refrigerant by sucking the low-temperature liquid refrigerant from the radiator is accelerated.

As described above, by eliminating the decompression start delay time, the closing time of the on-off valve is greatly shortened, the opening / closing cycle is reduced, and the number of suction / drop of the liquid receiver per unit time is increased to increase the refrigerant. By increasing the amount of circulation and increasing the amount of heating of the refrigerant, it is possible to obtain a large heat transfer amount (heating capacity in the case of use for heating).

[0013]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. 1, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 3 denote the same members, and have the same functions. Therefore, detailed description will be omitted, and different points will be mainly described.

18 is a refrigerant heater 2 having a burner 16
And the gas-liquid separator 1 are connected to the annular conduit by the inlet pipe 3 and the outlet pipe 4, and the receiver 5 provided above the gas-liquid separator 1 is
A dropping pipe 7 having a first check valve 6, a communication path 21 communicating from the inlet pipe 3 through the refrigerant heater 2 to the liquid receiver 5 through the on-off valve 8 from the second refrigerant heater 20, On-off valve 8 and 1st
Liquid receiver 5 communicating with gas-liquid separator 1 via check valve 6
And a heat transfer unit connected to the annular conduit. Reference numeral 19 denotes an annular circulation path in which the gas-liquid separator 1, the radiator 10, the second check valve 12, and the liquid receiver 5 are sequentially connected by piping. Further, a circulation path 19 is connected to the liquid receiver 5 via the second check valve 12. Reference numeral 23 denotes a combustion amount varying device that varies the combustion amount of the burner 16, and 24 denotes a control device electrically connected to the on-off valve 8, the temperature detector 14, and the combustion amount varying device 23.

In the above configuration, the heating and heating of the refrigerant is carried out by the heating of the refrigerant by the opening / closing operation of the on-off valve 8, the combustion in the burner 16, and the operation of the blower 17.

When the on-off valve 8 is closed, the supercooled liquid refrigerant condensed and liquefied by the radiator 10 is supplied to the liquid refrigerant return pipe 1.
From 3, the gas refrigerant in the receiver 5 is condensed via the second check valve 12 and flows into the receiver 5. At this time,
Since the pressure in the liquid receiver 5 is lower than the pressure in the gas-liquid separator 1, the first check valve 6 is in a closed state.
Then, the supercooled liquid refrigerant flows into the receiver 5 from the circulation path 19, and when the inside of the receiver 5 is full of the liquid refrigerant, the on-off valve 8 is opened.
Is opened, the liquid receiver 5 and the gas-liquid separator 1 are in communication with each other by the pressure equalizing pipe 9, so that the liquid refrigerant in the liquid receiver 5 passes through the first check valve 6 due to gravity. It flows into the liquid separator 1. At this time, in the gas refrigerant of the gas-liquid separator 1 that replaces the liquid refrigerant of the liquid receiver 5, the refrigerant superheated by the second heater 20 flows from the communication path 21 to the liquid receiver 5 through the on-off valve 8. . When the on-off valve 8 is closed, the inlet pipe 3
The refrigerant that has entered from above enters the second refrigerant heater 20 after being heated by the heater 1 and is heated there. Therefore, the refrigerant changes from a liquid state to a saturated state and an overheated state (superheat), and has a high temperature equal to or higher than the saturation temperature. When the on-off valve 8 is opened, the superheated gas refrigerant heated to a high temperature by the second refrigerant heater 20 becomes
The liquid is guided to the on-off valve 8 through the communication passage 21 and enters the liquid receiver 5. The liquid receiver 5 and the gas-liquid separator 1 are communicated by the second heater 20 and the on-off valve 8 to be in a pressure equalized state, and the liquid refrigerant in the liquid receiver 8 passes through the first check valve 6 due to gravity. The liquid flows into the liquid separator 1 and fills the receiver 8 with the high-temperature superheated refrigerant gas.

Next, when the on-off valve 8 is closed, the receiver 5 has a higher temperature, so that a large amount of heat is dissipated and the gas temperature in the receiver 5 drops quickly, so that the supercooled liquid refrigerant is quickly discharged. Since the supercooled refrigerant flows into the liquid receiver 5, the internal gas is condensed, and the refrigerant pressure inside the liquid receiver 5 is rapidly reduced. Condensation is accelerated.

Therefore, the gas refrigerant is condensed by the supercooled liquid refrigerant, so that the pressure in the receiver 5 is reduced without the delay time of the start of the pressure reduction. A cycle in which the liquid is sucked at once and the liquid receiver 5 is filled with the liquid refrigerant is repeated.

In the above heat transfer operation, the on-off valve 8 is closed.
A case where the opening operation is performed from the state will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 2, the on-off valve 8 is switched from the open state to the closed state.
Time t_OAt the same time, the hot gas refrigerant inside is cooled by the receiver 5.
The pressure in the receiver is instantly released
Can be started, the decompression start delay time T_l'Is practically lost (T _l'
= 0). Therefore, the closing time T of the on-off valve 8_OFF'
Is the net decompression time T_rJust need (T_OFF'= T_r), Open and close
Period T_S'Is greatly shortened (T_S'= T_r+ T_ON)it can. Ma
Since the gas refrigerant entering the receiver 8 has a high temperature, it has a specific volume.
Is large and the inflow mass is small. Therefore, in one cycle
The amount of liquid refrigerant from the radiator 10 sucked into the receiver 5 during depressurization is
Increase.

As a result, the liquid refrigerant is sucked in the liquid receiver 5.
As the number of drops increases, the refrigerant circulation capacity increases, the amount of combustion in the refrigerant heater 2 increases, and the heat transfer amount (heating capacity in the case of use for heating) can be increased. No drive input is required, and only heat transfer is input to the on-off valve 8, so that economy is not lost.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
The outlet pipe 4 communicates with the second refrigerant heater 20, and the second refrigerant heater 20 communicates with the on-off valve 8 via the communication passage 22. For this reason, the saturated refrigerant heated by the heater 1 and containing a large amount of gas is collected from the outlet pipe 4 into the second refrigerant heater 20 and is superheated there.
2. Guide from the on-off valve 8. For this reason, since the temperature of the liquid receiver 5 is higher, a larger amount of heat is radiated, the pressure of the refrigerant inside the liquid receiver 5 can be reduced more rapidly, and the heat transfer amount can be increased.
Then, since the saturated refrigerant is overheated by a little heating, the responsiveness is also quick in the transient period such as at the time of start-up, ON-0FF by the room thermostat, and the refrigerant becomes sufficiently overheated (superheat), and the responsiveness is also increased. Since the temperature is high, a higher temperature can be set, and the second heater has a small amount of heating, so that a simple configuration such as extending the communication pipe and approaching the burner becomes possible.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 25 denotes a container disposed above the refrigerant heater 2. The container 25 is partitioned into an upper liquid receiving portion 26 and a lower gas-liquid separate liquid reservoir 27 by a partition plate 28. . Refrigerant heater 2 and gas-liquid separate liquid reservoir 2
Numeral 7 communicates with an inlet pipe 3 and an outlet pipe 4. 18 is a refrigerant heater 2 having a burner 16 and a gas-liquid separate liquid reservoir 2
7 is connected to an annular pipe, a pipe provided with an on-off valve 31 between a liquid receiving portion 26 and a gas-liquid separate liquid reservoir 27 and the annular pipe are connected, and a refrigerant heater 2 is connected from an inlet pipe 3 to an annular pipe. The heat transfer section has a communication passage 21 that communicates with the liquid receiving section 26 from the second refrigerant heater 20 through the second on-off valve 29 as described above. Reference numeral 19 denotes a gas-liquid separator reservoir 27, a radiator 10, and a second check valve 1.
2. An annular circulation path in which the liquid receiving sections 26 are sequentially connected by piping. The container 25 is formed integrally with the partition plate 28 by brazing, welding, or the like after molding a metal such as iron and aluminum.
1 is joined or integrated with the partition plate 28, and is opened and closed by the valve shaft 32 of the valve drive unit 33. 23 is a combustion amount variable device for varying the combustion amount of the burner 16, 24 is an on-off valve 31, a second on-off valve 29, a temperature detector 14, and a combustion amount variable device 23.
Is a control device electrically connected to the control unit.

In the above configuration, when the on-off valve 31 and the second on-off valve 29 are opened, the liquid receiving portion 26 and the gas-liquid separate liquid reservoir 27 communicate with each other to be in a uniform pressure state. The liquid refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separate liquid reservoir 27 through the on-off valve 31 due to gravity. At this time, the gas refrigerant simultaneously replacing the liquid refrigerant in the liquid receiving section 26 is supplied to the gas-liquid separator liquid storage section 27.
Then, the fluid flows from the second heater 20 through the on-off valve 31 to the liquid receiving portion 26, the communication path 21 from the second heater 20, and the superheated refrigerant gas from the second on-off valve 29. Next, when the liquid refrigerant in the liquid receiving portion 26 has completely flowed, the on-off valve 31 and the second on-off valve 29 are closed again, and the liquid-receiving portion 26 receives the superheated refrigerant gas flowing from the second on-off valve 29. Therefore, a large amount of heat is dissipated due to the high temperature, and the gas temperature in the liquid receiving portion 26 is rapidly reduced. Therefore, the liquid receiving section 26 is instantaneously depressurized to a low pressure, and the condensed and supercooled liquid refrigerant of the radiator 10 is sucked into the liquid receiving section 26.
Is repeated with the liquid refrigerant. Here, in addition to the equalizing pipe 9 in the conventional example, by increasing the diameter of the on-off valve 31 so that the gas refrigerant is replaced at the same time as the liquid refrigerant falls from the on-off valve 31, a gas passage having the shortest length is obtained.
The downpipe 7 is shortest because the on-off valve 8 is directly attached to the partition plate 28. Therefore, the flow path resistance of the gas refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant flowing through the on-off valve 8 becomes small, and the on-off valve 31
The liquid refrigerant in the liquid receiving portion 26, which becomes full at the same time as the opening, is replaced with the gas refrigerant and is dropped into the gas-liquid separate liquid reservoir 27 in a large amount. Therefore, the flow path resistance can be reduced, and the opening time T _{ON of the} on-off valve 31 can be greatly reduced.

When the on-off valve 31 is open, the second
The opening / closing valve 29 is opened to guide the superheated vapor refrigerant to the liquid receiving portion 26 from the communication passage 22, so that the liquid receiving portion 26 radiates a larger amount of heat because of its higher temperature, and the opening / closing valve 31 and the second switching valve 26
When the valve is closed, the refrigerant pressure in the liquid receiving portion 26 can be reduced more rapidly, and the supercooled liquid refrigerant immediately flows into the liquid receiving portion 26 from the second check valve 12, and the supercooled refrigerant causes the internal high-temperature gas The refrigerant is cooled and condensed, and the pressure of the refrigerant in the liquid receiving portion 26 is rapidly reduced, so that a low-temperature liquid refrigerant is sucked from the radiator 10. Therefore, decompression in the liquid receiving section 26 occurs without decompression start delay time due to condensation of the gas refrigerant by the supercooled liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant is sucked into the liquid receiving section 26 at the same time as the on-off valve 31 is closed, The cycle in which the receiver 26 is filled with the liquid refrigerant is repeated. Therefore, there is no delay in decompression and the on-off valve 31
Closing time T _OFF of can greatly reduce the.

Therefore, the refrigerant circulation capacity is increased by increasing the number of times the liquid refrigerant is sucked and dropped in the liquid receiving section 26, the combustion amount in the refrigerant heater 2 is increased, and the heat transfer amount (when used for heating, Ability) can be increased.

[0026]

As described above, according to the heat transfer apparatus of the present invention, the refrigerant heater is disposed above the refrigerant heater, and is connected to the refrigerant heater by an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. A gas-liquid separator communicating with the gas-liquid separator, the second refrigerant heater being disposed above the gas-liquid separator, and communicating with the inlet pipe and the on-off valve, and the gas-liquid separator via the on-off valve and the first check valve; And a ring-shaped circulation path in which the gas-liquid separator, the radiator, the second check valve, and the liquid receiver are sequentially connected, and the following effects are obtained.

(1) The gas refrigerant superheated by the second refrigerant heater is guided to the receiver, and the receiver is heated to a higher temperature to release a large amount of heat, whereby the gas temperature in the receiver decreases quickly. As a result, the refrigerant pressure inside the liquid receiver is rapidly reduced, and the heat transfer amount can be increased due to an increase in the refrigerant circulation amount due to a significant reduction in the opening / closing cycle.

(2) Further, the input of only the heat transfer is only the input of the on-off valve, and the economy is not lost.

(3) By communicating the outlet pipe with the second refrigerant heater and communicating with the on-off valve through the communication passage, the temperature of the liquid receiver is higher, so that a larger amount of heat is radiated and the inside of the liquid receiver is radiated. The refrigerant pressure can be reduced more rapidly, and the heat transfer amount can be increased. Since the saturated refrigerant becomes overheated by a small heating, it has a quick response even in the transitional period, and can be set to a higher temperature. The second heater has a small heating amount, so a simple configuration is possible. Becomes

(4) A container provided with a partition plate for partitioning an upper liquid receiving portion and a lower gas-liquid separator liquid reservoir portion, and a second heater connected to the liquid receiving portion via a second on-off valve. With this arrangement, the flow path resistance can be reduced, the opening time T _{ON of the} on-off valve can be greatly reduced, the amount of heat dissipated in the liquid receiving portion can be increased, and the pressure reduction delay can be eliminated. Closing time T
_OFF can be greatly reduced. For this reason, the refrigerant circulation capacity increases due to the increase in the number of times the liquid refrigerant is sucked and dropped in the liquid receiving section, and the amount of combustion in the refrigerant heater increases, thereby further increasing the heat transfer amount (heating capacity in the case of use for heating). Greater ability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of a heat transfer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a decompression characteristic diagram of the liquid receiver.

FIG. 3 is a system configuration diagram of a conventional heat transfer device.

FIG. 4 is a decompression characteristic diagram of a liquid receiver in a conventional heat transfer device.

FIG. 5 is a system configuration diagram of a heat transfer device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a system configuration diagram of a heat transfer device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 gas-liquid separator 2 refrigerant heater 5 liquid receiver 6 first check valve 8 on-off valve 10 radiator 12 second check valve 18 heat transfer section 19 circulation path 20 second heater 21 communication path 24 control device 25 Container 26 Liquid receiver 27 Gas-liquid separator liquid reservoir 28 Partition plate 29 Second on-off valve 31 On-off valve

────────────────────────────────────────────────── (5) References JP-A-5-157263 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F24D 7/00

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] A refrigerant heater, a gas-liquid separator disposed above the refrigerant heater, and an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe communicating with the refrigerant heater, and a gas-liquid separator disposed above the gas-liquid separator; A second refrigerant heater communicating with the pipe and the on-off valve; a heat transfer unit having a liquid receiver communicating with the gas-liquid separator via the on-off valve and the first check valve; A heat transfer device comprising an annular circulation path in which a vessel, a second check valve, and the liquid receiver are sequentially connected. 2. The heat transfer device according to claim 1, further comprising a second refrigerant heater communicating with the outlet pipe and the on-off valve. 3. A container provided with a partition plate for partitioning an upper liquid receiving portion and a lower gas-liquid separator liquid storage portion disposed above a refrigerant heater, the refrigerant heater and the gas-liquid separator liquid storage portion. An inlet pipe and an outlet pipe that communicate with each other, an on-off valve provided on the partition plate, a second refrigerant heater from the inlet pipe, and a heat transfer unit that communicates with the liquid receiving unit via a second on-off valve. A heat transfer device comprising: a liquid reservoir for the gas-liquid separator; a radiator; and an annular circulation path in which the liquid receiver is sequentially connected.