JPH0771746B2 - Welding equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a welding device for welding panel members to each other in a process for assembling an automobile body such as an engine compartment process or a front floor process, In particular, it is designed to be able to quickly follow changes in the shape of the work.

(Prior Art) An automobile body is formed by assembling a large number of panel materials by welding. In such a welding assembly line, a plurality of types of workpieces having different shapes are transported according to the vehicle type or vehicle type and welded by a welding machine at each stage. Conventionally, the transfer is also called a shuttle bar. A predetermined welding operation is performed at each welding stage while sequentially transporting the work between the stages by a bar. Then, in order to weld a work having a different shape at each welding stage, the upper fixture and the lower fixture of the welding machine are switched to those corresponding to the respective work, and the work is welded by cooperation of these (for example, Some are described in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 57-100880).

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, as described above, in order to switch the upper fixture, not only a plurality of fixtures but also a chain for switching fixtures, a motor for driving the fixture, etc. are mounted on the frame of the welding machine. Although it is necessary to provide a device and the generalization of the device can be achieved, there are still problems to be studied such as high cost for strengthening the frame.

In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention uses a welding robot equipped with a stud gun, and a lower fixture for spot welding a workpiece by cooperation with the stud gun of the robot is provided with a welding position and a non-welding position. The purpose of this is to make it possible to quickly weld the work when the shape or the like of the work to be welded is changed by making the work movable between the two.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a welding robot provided with a stud gun is attached to an upper base that constitutes a main body of a welding machine, and the welding robot is positioned below the upper base. The lower base is provided with a guide portion having a movable portion that extends from the welding position to the non-welding position and moves up and down independently at only the welding position portion, supports the workpiece, and welds the workpiece in cooperation with the stud gun. A plurality of lower fixtures are provided on the guide portion, and the plurality of lower fixtures can be interlockingly moved between the welding position and the non-welding position in a state where the plurality of lower fixtures are always connected, and can be independently moved up and down, Welding characterized in that a receiver for positioning the lower fixture at the welding position, which is lowered together with the lowering movement of the movable part, is attached to the lower base. It is a device.

(Embodiment) Next, a welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 will be described.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1, in which an upper base 1 forming a main body of a welding machine is attached to a base 3 by columns 2. There is. A welding robot 5 having a stud gun 4 for spot welding is attached to the upper base 1. As shown in FIG. 2, this stud gun 4 has an upper electrode 7 that abuts on the power feeding base 6 at the upper end and a lower electrode 8 that abuts on the workpiece W at the lower end, and is attached to the welding robot 5. 9 is attached so as to be vertically movable.

A lower base 12 is attached to the base 3 below the upper base 1 by a pillar 11.
A guide rail 10 serving as a guide portion is provided on the shaft extending from the welding position to the non-welding position.

Welding carriages 14 and 15 each having a lower fixture 13 that supports the work W and welds the work W in cooperation with the stud gun 4 of the welding robot 5 are movably installed on the guide rails 10. Has been done. In the illustrated embodiment, the lower base 12 and the guide rail 10
Are provided at a predetermined interval from each other, and welding carriages 14 and 15 are installed on the respective guide rails 10.

In FIG. 1, one welding carriage 14 is in the welding position, the work W is welded by the lower fixture 13 and the stud gun 4, and the other welding carriage 15 is in the non-welding position. ing. These welding carriages 14 and 15 are connected to each other by a joint 16. This joint
As shown in FIG. 1, the reference numeral 16 has a horizontal pin 17 and a shaft 18 so that the connection state can be maintained even if one welding carriage moves up and down. If, for example, the front floor is assembled by such a welding device, the front floor panel and a plurality of panel materials such as sill inners are integrated, and these work W (illustration is simplified).
Then, the work is conveyed by the work conveyance carriage 40 shown in FIGS.

Two welding carriages 1 connected by joint 16
Sprockets attached to the lower base 12 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 for driving the four and fifteen together.
A chain 24 is stretched over 20 to 23, one end of the chain 24 is connected to the welding carriage 15, and the other end is connected to the other welding carriage 15. Further, between the sprocket 26 of the motor 25 fixed to the lower base 12 and the sprocket 27 integrated with the sprocket 23, a chain 28 connecting these is spanned. As a result, the chain 24 is driven via the chain 28 by driving the motor 25.

5 and 6 show the work W in cooperation with the welding robot 5.
FIG. 6 is a view showing a welding position for performing spot welding with respect to the guide rail 10a for the welding carriage at that portion, which is separated from other portions through a gap 30 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, 10a is a movable portion that can be moved up and down by a lifter 32 fixed to a support base 31. The lifter 32 is composed of a hydraulic cylinder, and FIGS. 5 and 6 show a state in which the lifter 32 is lowered. At this time, the vehicle 14a of the welding carriage 14 is separated from the movable part 10a of the guide rail 10 for the welding carriage, and the support base 3
Positioning pin 34 of pedestal 33 fixed to 1 is welded trolley 1
It fits into the receiving device 35 provided on the
A welding carriage 14 is supported by 3. This receiving member 35 is provided on all of the four welding carriages 14 and 15 shown in FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, between the two lower bases 12, a work transfer carriage 40 for transferring the work W from the work loading position (not shown) to the welding position is provided on the base 3,
Work transfer rail laid via the post 41 shown in the figure
It is movably installed along wheels 42 by wheels 40a.
In addition, in FIGS. 3 and 5, this work transfer rail 42 is used.
Are not shown.

The work transfer rail 42 that movably supports the work transfer carriage 40 at its wheels 40a is also a movable part 10a of the guide rail 10 for each welding carriage that is vertically movable.
The movable portion 42a, which is separated from the other portion 42 through the gap 43 and is vertically movable, is provided in the portion corresponding to. In order to move the movable portion 42a up and down, a lifter 45 attached to a support base 44 located between the two lower bases 12 is attached to the movable portion 42a, as shown in FIG. The movable portion 42a of the work transfer rail 42, which is movable up and down, is lowered as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 when the welding work is performed on the work W. When moving away from the position to the non-welding position, the movable portion 42a of the rail 42 is raised by the lifter 45 to the same position as the other portions.

When performing the welding operation on the work W, one welding carriage 14 is set at a predetermined welding position, and at that position, the movable portion 10a of the guide rail 10 is lowered by the lifter 32, and the respective welding carriages 14, 15 are arranged. The movable portion 42a of the work transfer rail 42 is also lowered by the lifter 45 in order to install the work W on the. In order to bring the welding carriage 14 and the work transfer carriage 40 into a mutually connected state by this descending operation, as shown in FIG. 6, the work transfer carriage 40 is provided with a locate pin 40, and this pin 46 is fitted. A receiving portion 47 having a matching hole is provided on each welding carriage 14, 15. The locate pin 46 may be provided on the welding carriages 14 and 15. Reference numeral 46a is a locate pin provided on the work transfer carriage 40 for positioning the work W.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a terminal arm 48 for supplying an electric current to the fixture 13 in each of the welding carriages 14 and 15 is openably and closably attached to the pillar 11 supporting the lower base 12. The welding carts 14 and 15 are also provided with terminals 49 that come into contact with the arms 48.

Next, the operation will be described. First, referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, for example, the work W conveyed by the work conveyance carriage 40 from the left and right is welded to the fixture 13 provided on the two adjacent welding carriages 14. In order to weld a predetermined portion with the welding stud gun 4 provided in the robot 5, the work W is installed on the welding carriage 14 as shown in the figure, and the fixtures 13 provided on these welding carriages 14 are installed.
And in cooperation with the welding robot 5 shown in FIGS. At this time, the movable part of the work transfer rail 42
Both 42a and the movable portion 10a of the guide rail 10 are in the lowered state.

After the predetermined welding work is completed on the work W in this manner, the lifter 45 is driven to drive the work transfer rail 42.
The movable part 42a is raised to the same level as the other part 42. As a result, the locate pin 46 is separated from the receiving portion 47,
The work transfer carriage 40 and the welding carriage 14 are separated from each other. In this state, the wheels 40a of the work transfer carriage 40 are driven by the driving means (not shown) built in the work transfer carriage 40 to move the work transfer carriage 40 to the next step (not shown).

Next, since the shape of the work W to be welded is changed, the welding operation cannot be performed by the fixture 13 provided on the welding carriage 14, and the welding is performed by the fixture 13 provided on the welding carriage 15. In this case, after moving up to the position of the movable part 10a of each guide rail 10 and other parts, the motor 25 is driven and the welding carriages 14 and 15 are simultaneously welded via the chains 24 and 28. Guide rails for machines 10
And move it to the right in FIGS. In parallel with this, the operation locus of the welding robot 5 is changed. As a result, each welding carriage 15 is a guide rail for the welding carriage.
The movable portion of the guide rail 10 is conveyed to a position above the movable portion 10a of the guide rail 10 by the lifter 32 shown in FIGS.
Lower 10a. Then, the arm 48 shown in FIG. 6 is closed and brought into contact with the terminal 49 so that the fixture 13 can be energized. To perform a welding operation on a new work W using this welding carriage 15, the same operation as described above is performed. At this time, with respect to the fixture 13 provided on the welding carriage 15, the stud gun 4 provided on the welding robot 5 operates following the fixture 13.

In the illustrated embodiment, two welding carriages 14 and 15 are provided, but they may be provided one by one or other.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the welding robot provided with the stud gun is attached to the upper base forming the welder main body, and the welding position is set to the lower base located below the upper base. From the non-welding position to the non-welding position, and a guide part having a movable part that independently moves up and down only at the welding position is provided, and the lower fixture for supporting the work and welding the work in cooperation with the stud gun is provided. A plurality of guides are provided on the guide portion, and the plurality of lower fixtures can be interlocked and moved independently between the welding position and the non-welding position while the lower fixtures are always connected to each other.
Since a receiver for positioning the lower fixture at the welding position, which is lowered with the downward movement of the movable part, is attached to the lower base, when the shape of the work to be welded is changed, the welding robot is operated. If the locus is changed and the lower fixture that works together with the stud gun of the welding robot is replaced, the preparation for welding a new work is completed quickly, and multiple works with different shapes can be
It is possible to carry the products in one line and quickly perform the welding operation. Therefore, it is not necessary to mount various mechanisms for switching the upper fixture on the frame of the welding machine.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the entire welding apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a first view taken along line IV-IV of FIG.
4 is a plan view of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view of essential parts of FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of FIG. 1 …… Upper base, 4 …… Stud gun, 10 …… Guide rail, 12 …… Lower base, 13 …… Fixture, 14,15 …… Welding carriage, 32 …… Lifter, 40 …… Work transfer carriage , 45 …… Lifter.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A welding robot provided with a stud gun is attached to an upper base forming a main body of a welder, and a lower base located below the upper base extends from a welding position to a non-welding position and a welding position portion. Only, a plurality of lower fixtures are provided on the guide portion, each of which has a guide portion having a movable portion that independently moves up and down, supports the workpiece, and welds the workpiece in cooperation with the stud gun. The lower fixture at the welding position, which is capable of interlocking movement between the welding position and the non-welding position and independently movable up and down in a state where the fixture is always connected, and is lowered as the movable portion moves downward. A welding device characterized in that a receiver for positioning the char is attached to the lower base.