JPH0765998A - Synchrotron device, and its methods for beam adjustment, measurement, and acceleration - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate adjustment of an incident beam by making changeover connection of a pulse electric-magnet power supply for use in the accelerative operation and a DC power supply for use in the beam accumulating operation into an electric magnet. CONSTITUTION:A DC power supply 12 is parallel connected in addition to a pulse electric-magnet power supply 11 for use in normal acceleration. A mechanical type switching apparatus 14 is installed between the power supplies 11, 12 and an electric magnet 13, and the two power supplies 11, 12 are connectable with the electric magnet 13. With the electric-magnet power supply 11, beam accumulation is practicable by connecting the DC power supply 12, and accelerative operation is made practicable by connecting the pulse electric- magnet power supply 11. This facilitates adjustment of the incident beam for a synchrotron of such a structure that charged particles are accelerated from the low energy to the high while they are allowed to orbit in a vacuum chamber.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a synchrotron device for accelerating charged particles, a beam adjusting method, a beam measuring method and a beam accelerating method for the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 50 shows, for example, Proceedings of the 7th Symposium on Accelerator.
Science and Technology 1989 pp. 13-15 "Proceedings of the 7th Symposium on Ac
It is a conventional synchrotron device shown in "Celerator Science and Technology (1989) P13-P15". In FIG. 50, 501 is a deflection electromagnet, 502 is a quadrupole electromagnet, 503.
Is a vacuum chamber, 504 is an inflector, and 505 is RF.
A cavity, 506 is a fluorescent screen monitor, 507 is a steering electromagnet, and 508 is a beam position monitor.

Charged particles (beams) incident from the inflector 504 are bent by a deflection electromagnet 501, are focused by a quadrupole electromagnet 502, and rotate in a vacuum chamber 503. By applying a high frequency to the RF cavity 505 and increasing the magnetic field of the electromagnets 501 and 502, the charged particles are accelerated, and then the electromagnets 501 and 502 are accelerated.
It is configured to accumulate charged particles by maintaining a constant magnetic field of.

The fluorescent plate monitor 506 is a device for inserting a fluorescent plate on the beam orbit and measuring the beam position of the first or second round incident from the inflector 504.
In order to match the beam position with the design value, the exciting current value of the steering electromagnet 507 is adjusted. The beam position monitor (PM) 508 is a device that measures the position of the beam that has settled on the equilibrium orbit after the beam has rotated tens of thousands of turns.

Although not provided in the synchrotron device of this conventional example, there is also a synchrotron device having a 6-pole electromagnet and an 8-pole electromagnet. The 6-pole electromagnet is used for correcting chromaticity (chromatic aberration), and the 8-pole electromagnet is used for promoting Landau damping (a phenomenon in which the nonlinear vibration of charged particles is suppressed).

FIG. 51 shows, for example, "Mitsubishi Electric Technical Report Vol.65".
No. 11 (1991) p41 ”shows the main circuit configuration diagram of the electromagnet power supply of the conventional synchrotron device. In FIG. 51, 511 is a thyristor, 512 is a passive filter, 513 is an active filter, and 514 is a transistor filter.

The acceleration pattern of the electromagnet power supply of the synchrotron device is created by the thyristor. Since the current ripple is superimposed on the created pattern, the ripple is reduced by the passive filter 512, the active filter 513, and the transistor filter 514.
The current with reduced ripple is passed through the electromagnet to accelerate the operation.

Although only the deflection electromagnet power supply is shown in the above-mentioned conventional example, the four-pole electromagnet power supply, the six-pole electromagnet power supply, the eight-pole electromagnet power supply, and the steering electromagnet power supply have substantially the same configuration.

[0009]

Since the conventional synchrotron device is constructed as described above, the electromagnet power source has only one power source from initial adjustment to normal acceleration operation.
It used a type of electromagnet power supply. Therefore, if the current ripple of the electromagnet power supply remains (normally (it is thought that 0.01% or more of the ripple remains)), the beam position moves during initial beam adjustment, making it difficult to adjust. There was a problem that became.

For example, in the initial beam adjustment, first, it is necessary to adjust the beam on the first round of the ring so as to approach the design value. However, if there is a current ripple in the electromagnet power source, the beam position changes for each shot of the beam. Therefore, adjustment becomes difficult. Further, changing the current pattern of the pulse electromagnet used for acceleration is generally complicated.

Further, if there is a current ripple, COD (deviation of the beam position from the design value) is different for each time. Therefore, even if COD correction (operation of returning the beam position to the design value) is performed at a certain time, There may be a problem that another COD is generated at another time. When the COD is large, the current ripple of the electromagnet power source has a great influence on the acceleration current value, so that there is a problem that the acceleration current value does not increase.

Further, the influence of the current ripple on the acceleration current value varies depending on the betatron frequency. However, when only the electromagnet power source for acceleration is used as in the conventional case, the operation of changing the betatron frequency is complicated, There was a problem that it was difficult to optimize the Tron frequency.

Further, particularly in the case of a synchrotron device with low energy incidence, C due to the influence of the residual magnetic field at low energy.
The OD becomes quite large. For example, in the case of a synchrotron device with 20 MeV incidence, COD of several mm occurs when the geomagnetism of about 0.3 Gauss exists. Also, a residual magnetic field of less than 1 Gauss remains in the electromagnets of the type. It takes a lot of time and effort to perform various correction adjustments of COD, which are problematic only when the energy is low, with a pulse electromagnet power supply.

This is because, when changing the current value of the pulse electromagnet power source, it is generally necessary to change the acceleration pattern for all one cycle.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the inventions of claims 1 to 4 provide a synchrotron device capable of facilitating incident beam adjustment. The purpose is to

It is an object of the present invention to obtain a beam adjusting method capable of completing beam adjustment in a short time.

It is an object of the 14th and 15th aspects of the invention to obtain a beam measuring method which can be easily operated with optimum parameters.

It is an object of the present invention to obtain a synchrotron device and a beam accelerating method capable of performing an accelerating operation even when an electromagnet power source having a large current ripple is used.

[0019]

A synchrotron apparatus according to the invention of claim 1 uses an electromagnet power supply having a switcher for switching between a pulse electromagnet power supply and a DC power supply.

The synchrotron apparatus according to the second aspect of the invention is a pulse electromagnet power source for an electromagnet power source of any one or more of a bending electromagnet, a 4-pole electromagnet, a 6-pole electromagnet, an 8-pole electromagnet, and a steering electromagnet. And an electromagnet power supply having a switcher for switching between the DC power supply and the DC power supply.

A synchrotron device according to a third aspect of the present invention includes a pulse electromagnet power source and a switching device, and one switching terminal of the switching device is opened, and an electromagnet power source having a structure connectable to a DC power source is provided. It is a thing.

In the synchrotron apparatus according to the invention of claim 4, a pulse electromagnet power source is used as an electromagnet power source of any one or more of a bending electromagnet, a 4-pole electromagnet, a 6-pole electromagnet, an 8-pole electromagnet, and a steering electromagnet. An electromagnet power source having a switcher, one switching terminal of the switcher being opened, and a DC power source being connectable is used.

A beam adjusting method for a synchrotron apparatus according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is such that a DC power source is connected to a bending electromagnet,
The current value of the DC power supply is changed so that the beam of several turns after the injection of the charged particles comes to a position designed in advance by a position monitor provided in the synchrotron device.

In the beam adjusting method for a synchrotron device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention, when adjusting the beam for several turns after the injection of charged particles, the energy dispersion of the beam before the injection is made small in advance to make the synchrotron device. It is designed to be incident on.

In the adjusting method of the synchrotron device according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, a beam reducing device capable of interrupting a part of the beam is provided in the synchrotron device when adjusting the beam for several turns after the charged particles are incident. However, the energy dispersion of the beam after this beam reduction device is reduced.

In a beam adjusting method for a synchrotron device according to an eighth aspect of the invention, the pulse electromagnet power supply is separated from the electromagnet, one DC power supply is connected to each electromagnet to perform beam adjustment, and then the pulse electromagnet is connected. The current value to be switched to the power supply to the trim coil is determined based on the previous adjustment, and the acceleration operation is performed.

A beam adjusting method for a synchrotron device according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is a method for adjusting a beam value in a trim coil of any one or more of a bending electromagnet, a 4-pole electromagnet, a 6-pole electromagnet, and an 8-pole electromagnet. Is determined by disconnecting the pulse electromagnet power source from the electromagnet, connecting one DC power source to each electromagnet, and performing beam adjustment.

In the beam adjusting method of the synchrotron apparatus according to the tenth aspect of the invention, a DC power source is connected to each trim coil to perform beam adjustment, and then the pulse electromagnet power source used in the acceleration operation is switched to flow to the trim coil. The current value is determined based on the beam adjustment, and the acceleration operation is performed.

A beam adjusting method for a synchrotron apparatus according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention is a beam adjusting method for a trim coil of any one or more of a bending electromagnet, a 4-pole electromagnet, a 6-pole electromagnet, and an 8-pole electromagnet. Is determined by connecting a DC power source to each trim coil and performing beam adjustment.

In the beam adjusting method of the synchrotron apparatus according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the voltage waveform signal of the beam position monitor during acceleration is continuously read, the data is stored in the data storage device, and the data is stored in the data after the end of acceleration. Based on this, the fluctuation of the beam position during the acceleration of one acceleration is measured.

In the beam adjusting method of the synchrotron apparatus according to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, a DC power source is connected to a quadrupole electromagnet, and a focusing quadrupole electromagnet (QF) and a diverging quadrupole electromagnet (QD) are used.
The incident beam current value is measured with a current monitor installed in the above synchrotron device while changing the current value of No. 4, and the quadrupole electromagnet current value at which the incident beam current value increases the most is determined. Based on the above, an acceleration pattern of the quadrupole electromagnet is created, and acceleration operation is performed.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a beam measuring method for a synchrotron device, wherein a signal waveform of a current monitor for measuring an accumulated current value of the synchrotron device is superposed on a droop of a core of the current monitor to accelerate a beam. The current value is measured.

In the beam measuring method of the synchrotron apparatus according to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the frequency of the high frequency to be applied to the RF knockout provided in the synchrotron apparatus is set to a constant value for acceleration, and the acceleration current value is the RF value. The time to decrease due to the effect of knockout is measured, the betatron frequency at that time is determined, the frequency of the high frequency applied to the RF knockout is changed, and the time to decrease the acceleration current value by the same procedure is measured. The change in the betatron frequency of is measured.

In the beam adjusting method of the synchrotron apparatus according to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, a direct current power source is connected to a six-pole electromagnet, and a focusing six-pole electromagnet (SF) and a diverging six-pole electromagnet (SD) are used.
While changing the current value, the chromaticity measurement is performed, the incident beam current value is measured by a current monitor, the 6-pole electromagnet current value at which the incident beam current value increases most is determined, and the 6-pole electromagnet current value is determined. On the basis of this, an acceleration pattern of a 6-pole electromagnet is created and accelerated operation is performed.

A synchrotron device according to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention uses an electromagnet power source which is composed of different electromagnet power sources which are used for switching between a low energy region and a high energy region and a switcher which switches the pulse electromagnet power source during acceleration. It was done like this.

In the synchrotron device according to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, one or more kinds of electromagnets such as a bending electromagnet, a four-pole electromagnet, a six-pole electromagnet, an eight-pole electromagnet, and a steering electromagnet are used. The power source is connected to the power source during the acceleration by a switching device to operate.

The accelerating method of the synchrotron device according to the nineteenth aspect of the present invention is such that when the pulsed electromagnet power supplies in the low energy region and the high energy region are switched, a constant energy region is created in the acceleration pattern.

In the synchrotron apparatus according to the twentieth aspect of the invention, a pulse electromagnet power source is used in the low energy region and a DC power source is used in the high energy region.

According to the accelerating method of the synchrotron apparatus of the twenty-first aspect of the present invention, a constant energy region is created in the acceleration pattern of the pulse electromagnet power source used in the low energy region, and the pulse electromagnet power source and the direct current are used in the constant energy region. The power supply is switched.

[0040]

In the synchrotron apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention, the incident beam can be adjusted easily by switching and connecting the pulse electromagnet power source and the DC power source to the electromagnet.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the synchrotron device, a pulse electromagnet power source is used as an electromagnet power source for any one or more of a bending electromagnet, a 4-pole electromagnet, a 6-pole electromagnet, an 8-pole electromagnet, and a steering electromagnet. The incident beam adjustment can be facilitated by switching and connecting the DC power source.

In the synchrotron apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, one of the switching terminals of the switching device for switching and connecting the pulse electromagnet power supply and the DC power supply to the electromagnet is opened so that the DC power supply is opened only when necessary. Other than that, the DC power supply can be used for other purposes.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the synchrotron device, a pulse electromagnet power source is used as an electromagnet power source for any one or more of a bending electromagnet, a 4-pole electromagnet, a 6-pole electromagnet, an 8-pole electromagnet, and a steering electromagnet. By setting one of the switching terminals of the switch for switching and connecting the DC power supply to the electromagnet to the open state, the same effect as that of the invention of claim 3 can be obtained.

In the beam adjusting method according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the direct current is adjusted so that the beam of several turns after the injection of the charged particles comes to a position previously designed by the beam position monitor provided in the synchrotron device. The beam adjustment can be completed in a short time by changing the current value of the power supply.

In the beam adjusting method according to the invention of claim 6, the energy distribution of the beam before the incidence is made small in advance so that the beam is incident on the synchrotron device, whereby the beam can be adjusted quickly. .

In the beam adjusting method according to the invention of claim 7, a beam reducing device such as a beam scraper capable of blocking a part of the beam is provided in the synchrotron device, and the energy distribution of the beam after this beam reducing device is dispersed. By making it small, the same effect as in the above-mentioned claim 6 can be obtained.

In the beam adjusting method according to the invention of claim 8, one DC power source is connected to each electromagnet to perform beam adjustment, and the current value to be fed to the trim coil is determined based on the previous beam adjustment. The beam adjustment can be completed in a short time.

In the beam adjusting method according to the invention of claim 9, the pulse electromagnet power supply is separated from the electromagnets so that the current value to be fed to the trim coils of one or more kinds of electromagnets is separated, and one DC power supply is connected to each electromagnet. By performing the adjustment, the same effect as that of the invention of claim 8 can be obtained.

In the beam adjusting method according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, a DC power source is connected to each trim coil to perform beam adjustment, and the current value to be passed through the trim coil is determined based on the previous beam adjustment. It is possible to drive.

In the beam adjusting method according to the invention of claim 11, the value of the current flowing through the trim coils of one or more types of electromagnets is determined by connecting a DC power supply to each trim coil and performing beam adjustment. Thus, it is possible to perform acceleration operation.

In the beam adjusting method according to the invention of claim 12, the fluctuation of the beam position during the acceleration of one acceleration is measured based on the data read during the acceleration after the completion of the acceleration. The same effect as that of the item 11 is obtained.

In the beam adjusting method according to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the current value of the quadrupole electromagnet at which the incident beam current value increases most is determined, and the acceleration pattern of the quadrupole electromagnet is created based on the current value. It is possible to perform accelerated operation.

In the beam measuring method according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the signal waveform of the current monitor for measuring the accumulated current value of the synchrotron device is superimposed on the droop of the core of the current monitor to accurately measure the beam current value during acceleration. Can be measured.

In the beam measuring method according to the invention of claim 15, the time when the acceleration current value decreases due to the influence of RF knockout is measured, and the betatron frequency at that time is determined.
By changing the frequency of the high frequency applied to the RF knockout and measuring the time for which the acceleration current value decreases by the same procedure,
Since the change in the betatron frequency during acceleration is measured, the betatron frequency can be measured quickly.

In the beam adjusting method according to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, the 6-pole electromagnet current value at which the incident beam current value increases most is determined, and the acceleration pattern of the 6-pole electromagnet is created based on the current value. It is possible to perform accelerated operation.

In the synchrotron apparatus according to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, the acceleration operation can be smoothly performed by switching between different pulse electromagnet power sources in the low energy region and the high energy region during the machining.

In the synchrotron device according to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, one or more kinds of electromagnets such as a bending electromagnet, a four-pole electromagnet, a six-pole electromagnet, an eight-pole electromagnet, and a steering electromagnet are used as pulse electromagnets different in a low energy region and a high energy region. Since the power source is switched and connected during the acceleration to perform the operation, the same effect as the invention of claim 17 can be obtained.

According to the synchrotron apparatus of the nineteenth aspect of the invention, the pulse electromagnet power source is used in the low energy region and the direct current power source is used in the high energy region, so that the pulse electromagnet power source having a large current ripple is used. Can also accelerate operation quickly.

In the beam accelerating method according to the twentieth aspect of the invention, when the pulse electromagnets in the low energy region and the high energy region are switched, the region where the energy is constant is created in the acceleration pattern, so that the beam acceleration can be smoothly performed. it can.

In the beam accelerating method according to the twenty-first aspect of the invention, a region of constant energy is created in the acceleration pattern of the pulse electromagnet power source used in the low energy region, and the pulse electromagnet power source and the DC power source are switched in the region of constant energy. By doing so, the influence of ripple can be reduced.

[0061]

EXAMPLES Example 1. FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of an electromagnet power source of a synchrotron device showing an embodiment of the invention of claim 1, and a mechanism for accelerating charged particles in the synchrotron device is similar to that of a conventional synchrotron device. Is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 1, the electromagnet power supply of the synchrotron apparatus according to the present invention is connected in parallel with a DC power supply 12 in addition to the pulse electromagnet power supply 11 used for performing normal acceleration. Electromagnet power supplies 11 and 12 and electromagnet 13
A mechanical switching device 14 is provided between them, and both power sources 11 and 12 can be connected to the electromagnet 13. In the electromagnet power supply having the above configuration, the beam can be accumulated by connecting the DC power supply 12, and the acceleration operation can be performed by connecting the pulse electromagnet power supply 11.

Example 2. Embodiments 2 to 6 are embodiments corresponding to the invention of claim 2. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment in which the electromagnet power supply of FIG. 1 is used as a deflection electromagnet power supply. In this embodiment, one synchrotron device has six
2 is provided with a deflection electromagnet. In FIG. 2, 21 is a deflection electromagnet power source and 501 is a deflection electromagnet. In the electromagnet power source having the above configuration, the mechanical switching device 1 in FIG.
By connecting the DC power source 12 via 4, the beam can be accumulated, and by connecting the pulse electromagnet power source 11, acceleration operation can be performed.

Example 3. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment in which the electromagnet power source of FIG. 1 is used as a quadrupole electromagnet power source,
In FIG. 3, 31 is a quadrupole electromagnet power source, and 502 is a quadrupole electromagnet. In the electromagnet power source having the above configuration, the beam can be accumulated by connecting the DC power source 12 through the mechanical switching device 14 in FIG. 1, and the acceleration operation can be performed by connecting the pulse electromagnet power source 11. .

Example 4. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment in which the electromagnet power source of FIG. 1 is used as a 6-pole electromagnet power source,
In FIG. 4, 41 is a 6-pole electromagnet power source, and 42 is a 6-pole electromagnet. In the electromagnet power source having the above configuration, the beam can be accumulated by connecting the DC power source 12 through the mechanical switching device 14 in FIG. 1, and the acceleration operation can be performed by connecting the pulse electromagnet power source 11. .

Example 5. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment in which the electromagnet power source of FIG. 1 is used as an 8-pole electromagnet power source,
In FIG. 5, 51 is an 8-pole electromagnet power source, and 52 is an 8-pole electromagnet. In the electromagnet power source having the above configuration, the beam can be accumulated by connecting the DC power source 12 through the mechanical switching device 14 in FIG. 1, and the acceleration operation can be performed by connecting the pulse electromagnet power source 11. .

Example 6. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment in which the electromagnet power supply of FIG. 1 is used as a synchrotron electromagnet power supply. In FIG. 6, 61 is a steering electromagnet power supply and 507 is a steering electromagnet. In the electromagnet power source having the above configuration, the beam can be accumulated by connecting the DC power source 12 through the mechanical switching device 14 in FIG. 1, and the acceleration operation can be performed by connecting the pulse electromagnet power source 11. .

Example 7. FIG. 7 is a circuit configuration diagram of an electromagnet power supply of a synchrotron apparatus showing an embodiment relating to the invention of claim 3, and is provided with a pulse electromagnet power supply 11 and a mechanical switching device 14, and one switching terminal of the switching device 14 is open. In this state, a general-purpose DC power source (not shown) can be arbitrarily connected. In this case, since the DC power supply is not required after the beam adjustment is completed, it can be removed and used for other purposes.

Example 8. Embodiments 8 to 12 are embodiments relating to the invention of claim 4, and are provided with a pulse deflection electromagnet power source and a mechanical switching device, one switching terminal of this switching device is left open, and a general-purpose DC power supply is provided. A structure (not shown) can be arbitrarily connected. In this case, since the DC power supply is not required after the beam adjustment is completed, it can be removed and used for other purposes.

Example 9. In addition, a pulsed quadrupole electromagnet power source and a mechanical switching device may be provided, and one switching terminal of this switching device may be left open so that a general-purpose DC power supply (not shown) can be arbitrarily connected. It is possible. In this case, since the DC power supply is not required after the beam adjustment is completed, it can be removed and used for other purposes.

Example 10. Further, it is possible to have a structure in which a pulsed sextupole electromagnet power supply and a mechanical switching device are provided, and one switching terminal of the switching device is left open so that a general-purpose DC power supply (not shown) can be arbitrarily connected. Is.
In this case, since the DC power supply is not required after the beam adjustment is completed, it can be removed and used for other purposes.

Example 11. Further, it is possible to provide a structure in which a pulsed octupole electromagnet power supply and a mechanical switching device are provided, and one of the switching devices is left open so that a general-purpose DC power supply (not shown) can be arbitrarily connected. In this case, since the DC power supply is not required after the beam adjustment is completed, it can be removed and used for other purposes.

Example 12 It is also possible to have a structure in which a steering electromagnet power supply and a mechanical switching device are provided, and one switching terminal of the switching device is left open so that a general-purpose DC power supply (not shown) can be arbitrarily connected. . In this case, since the DC power supply is not required after the beam adjustment is completed, it can be removed and used for other purposes.

Example 13 Examples 1 to 12
Although the switch of (1) was a mechanical switch, the same effect can be obtained by using a semiconductor switch.

Example 14. FIG. 8 is an algorithm diagram showing an embodiment relating to the invention of claim 5 in which a DC power source is connected to a bending electromagnet to perform beam adjustment for the first turn after incidence.
First, in step ST8-1, the electromagnet 15 is connected to the DC power supply 12 by the mechanical switching device 14 shown in FIG. Then, in step ST8-2, the fluorescent screen monitor is inserted on the beam orbit, and in step ST8-3, 1
Measure the beam position at the turn. Then, step S
At T8-4, the steering electromagnet 507 is adjusted to bring the beam position closer to the design value, and the optimum parameter is determined at step ST8-5. Then, step ST8-
In step 6, the power source used for acceleration (hereinafter, AC power source) is connected to the electromagnet by the switching device 14, and step ST8-7.
Accelerate operation with.

When the beam adjustment for the first round is performed with the AC power supply,
The beam position at the position of the fluorescent screen 90 is different for each shot, such as 1 shot, 2 shots, and 3 shots shown in FIG. Therefore, it becomes difficult to adjust the optimum parameter determination. However, in the case of a DC power supply, since the ripple is about 1 × 10 ⁻⁵ , there is almost no change in the beam position as shown in FIG. 9B, and accurate beam adjustment is possible.

Example 15. FIG. 10 shows an embodiment corresponding to the invention of claim 6, in which a direct current power source is connected to a deflection electromagnet as in the fourteenth embodiment, and an electron to be injected when the beam is adjusted for the first turn after the beam is incident. It is intended to reduce the energy spread (energy dispersion) of the beam.
The slit 1 is provided in the chamber on the upstream side of the synchrotron device (meaning that it is before being incident on the synchrotron device).
01 is arranged, and the deflection electromagnet 102 is arranged further upstream thereof. When an electron beam passes through the deflecting electromagnet 102, charged particles with large energy are split to the outside and particles with small energy are split to the inside.

Therefore, by inserting the slit 101, it becomes possible to guide only charged particles having small energy dispersion, that is, uniform energy, to the downstream side of the slit and to make them enter the synchrotron device. If the width of the slit is too small, the beam intensity will be weakened and adjustment will be difficult. Therefore, the energy dispersion is preferably about 0.1% to 0.2%. For a beam with a small energy dispersion, the diameter of the beam does not spread so much even if it goes around the synchrotron device once or twice, and therefore the adjustment becomes easier.

Example 16. FIG. 11 shows an embodiment corresponding to the invention of claim 7, in which a DC power source is connected to a deflection electromagnet as in the case of the 14th embodiment, and when the beam is adjusted for the first turn after incidence, the synchrotron device is used. Among them, the energy dispersion of the electron beam is reduced. A slit 111 such as a beam scraper (beam reduction device) is provided in the synchrotron device. When an electron beam passes through the deflection electromagnet 501 in this synchrotron device, charged particles with large energy are split to the outside and particles with small energy are split to the inside.

Therefore, the slit 1 of the beam scraper or the like
By inserting 11, it is possible to guide only charged particles having small energy dispersion, that is, uniform energy, to the downstream side of the slit of the beam scraper or the like, and to reduce the energy dispersion of the electron beam on the downstream side. If the width of the slit is too small, the beam intensity will weaken,
Since it becomes difficult to adjust, energy dispersion is 0.1%.
To about 0.2% is suitable. For a beam with small energy dispersion, the diameter of the beam does not substantially spread even after one or two rounds of the synchrotron device, so that adjustment becomes easier.

In the case of this embodiment, depending on the conditions,
When a beam passing through a slit such as a beam scraper makes several turns and returns to the beam scraper position again, it may collide with the beam scraper. Therefore, it can be used for adjusting the beam for several turns after incidence, but cannot be used for adjusting COD correction or the like.

Example 17 FIG. 12 is an algorithm diagram showing an embodiment relating to the invention of claim 13 in which a DC power supply is connected to a quadrupole electromagnet to adjust the betatron frequency at the time of incidence, and FIG. 13 is a device layout diagram of the betatron frequency adjustment. Is. First, in step ST12-1, the electromagnet 1 is connected to the DC power supply 12 by the mechanical switching device 14 in FIG.
Connect 5. Then, in step ST12-2, FIG.
The betatron frequency monitor 131 and the spectro analyzer 132 measure the betatron frequency in the horizontal direction (X direction) and the vertical direction (Y direction). Then, the betatron frequency is changed in step ST12-3 by changing the current values of the QF DC power supply (focusing quadrupole electromagnet DC power supply) 133 and the QD DC power supply (divergent quadrupole electromagnet DC power supply) 134. While repeating the measurement and change of the betatron frequency, the optimum betatron frequency that maximizes the accumulated current value is searched for in step ST12-4.
Then, in step ST12-5, the mechanical switching device 1
4, the pulse electromagnet power source 11 is connected to the electromagnet 15, and the acceleration operation is performed in step ST12-6. The acceleration pattern at that time reflects the result of the optimal betatron frequency.

In general, changing the current value of the pulse electromagnet power supply requires rewriting the entire acceleration pattern, which is very complicated, but it can be easily changed by using the DC power supply.

When the betatron frequency is optimally adjusted with the AC power supply, the measured value varies from measurement to measurement due to the effect of ripples in the power supply. Therefore, adjustment becomes difficult. However, in the case of a DC power supply, since the ripple is about 1 × 10 ⁻⁵ , there is almost no fluctuation in the betatron frequency for each measurement, and accurate adjustment is possible.

Example 18. FIG. 14 is an algorithm diagram showing an embodiment relating to the invention of claim 16 in which a DC power source is connected to a 6-pole electromagnet to adjust chromaticity at the time of incidence, and FIG. 15 is a device layout diagram of the chromaticity adjustment,
The DC power supply in the text corresponds to the DC power supply 12 in FIG.

First, in step ST14-1, the electromagnet 15 is connected to the DC power supply 12 of FIG. 1 by the mechanical switching device 14. Next, in step ST14-2, the betatron frequency monitor 131 and the spectroanalyzer 132
The betatron frequencies in the horizontal direction (X direction) and the vertical direction (Y direction) are measured by. Then, step ST1
R given to the RF cavity 505 of FIG.
After changing the F frequency, the betatron frequency is measured in step ST14-4 in the same manner as in step ST14-2, and the chromaticity is calculated in step ST14-5. Then, in step ST14-6, the SF DC power supply (DC power supply for focusing 6-pole electromagnet) 151 and the SD DC power supply (DC power supply for diverging 6-pole electromagnet) 152 are changed to repeatedly accumulate the chromaticity. Find the optimum chromaticity with the highest current value. Then, in step ST14-7, the pulse electromagnet power supply 11 is connected to the electromagnet 15 by the mechanical switching device 14, and the acceleration operation is performed in step ST14-8. The acceleration pattern at that time reflects the result of optimal chromaticity.

In general, changing the current value of the pulse electromagnet power source requires rewriting one entire acceleration pattern, which is complicated, but it can be easily changed by using the DC power source.

Example 19 Embodiments 19 to 26 are embodiments relating to claims 8 to 13. FIG. 16 shows that in the synchrotron device, the deflection electromagnet power source used during normal acceleration operation is separated from the deflection electromagnet, one DC power source is connected to each deflection electromagnet, beam adjustment is performed, and each deflection electromagnet is excited. The current value is determined using a method such as a linear programming method, and after the beam adjustment is completed, the current value of the trim coil power source is determined based on the previous adjustment result by switching to the pulse deflection electromagnet power source, and adjusting means for performing the acceleration operation. FIG. 17 is an algorithm layout diagram for COD adjustment.

A little explanation will be added about the trim coil power supply. Generally, the deflection electromagnets of the synchrotron device are connected in series, and one deflection power magnet excites all the deflection electromagnets. However, each magnet has an error in accuracy during manufacturing and installation of the magnet, so
Even if the same current is applied, the effect on the beam is slightly different. In order to correct it, in a normal bending electromagnet, a trim coil is installed separately from a normal coil (hereinafter referred to as a main coil), and a trim coil power source is connected to each trim coil.

The beam adjustment procedure will be described with reference to the algorithm diagram of FIG. First, in step ST16-1, the deflection electromagnet power supply is disconnected from the deflection electromagnet. Next, in step ST16-2, a general-purpose DC power supply 171 is connected to each bending electromagnet, and in step ST16-3, the beam position monitor 508 measures the beam position. Then, in step ST16-4, the computer 172 uses the data of the beam position monitor 508 to generate the DC power supply 171.
Is calculated, and the current value calculated in step ST16-5 is supplied to the DC power supply 171. Then, the measurement of the beam position, the calculation of the current value, and the determination are repeated to make an adjustment so that the beam position approaches the design value. At that time, in step ST16-6, the computer 172 determines the optimum current value using the algorithm of the linear programming method. Then, after the optimum parameters are determined in step ST16-7,
Separate the general-purpose DC power supply from the deflection electromagnet and switch to the pulse electromagnet power supply used for normal acceleration operation. And
The value of the current flowing through the trim coil power supply 173 is set to the above step S.
Calculate from the result of T16-8 and perform acceleration operation.

Example 20. In the nineteenth embodiment, the deflection electromagnet power supply used during the normal acceleration operation is separated from the deflection electromagnet, and one DC power supply is connected to each deflection electromagnet to perform beam adjustment. In the embodiment, if it is possible to pass all the electric current (that is, the sum of the electric currents normally applied to both the main coil and the trim coil) required for the deflection electromagnet trim coil upon incidence,
By using the trim coil power supply in the same way as a general-purpose DC power supply without disconnecting the bending electromagnet power supply, it is possible to determine the optimum parameters.

Example 21. Further, in the synchrotron device, if the quadrupole electromagnet is equipped with a trim coil and a trim coil power source, the optimum betatron frequency can be determined as follows. That is, the quadrupole electromagnet power supply used during normal acceleration operation is separated from the quadrupole electromagnet, one DC power supply is connected to each quadrupole electromagnet to perform beam adjustment, and the current to excite each quadrupole electromagnet. The value is determined by the linear programming method, and after the beam adjustment is completed, it is switched to the pulse quadrupole electromagnet power supply, the current value of the quadrupole electromagnet trim coil power supply is determined based on the previous adjustment result, and the acceleration operation can be performed.

Example 22. In Example 21, the quadrupole electromagnet power source used during normal acceleration operation was separated from the quadrupole electromagnet, and one DC power source was connected to each quadrupole electromagnet to perform beam adjustment. This embodiment relating to the invention, if it is possible to pass all the currents required for incidence on the quadrupole electromagnet trim coil (that is, the sum of the currents that normally flow in both the main coil and the trim coil),
By using the trim coil power supply in the same manner as a general-purpose DC power supply without disconnecting the quadrupole electromagnet power supply, it is possible to determine the optimum parameters.

Example 23. Further, in the synchrotron device, if the 6-pole electromagnet is equipped with a trim coil and a trim coil power source, it is possible to determine the optimum chromaticity as follows. That is, the 6-pole electromagnet power supply used during normal acceleration operation is separated from the 6-pole electromagnet, and one DC power supply is connected to each 6-pole electromagnet to perform beam adjustment, and the current to excite each 6-pole electromagnet. The value is determined by the linear programming method, and after the beam adjustment is completed, the pulse 6-pole electromagnet power source is switched to, and the current value of the 6-pole electromagnet trim coil power source is determined based on the previous adjustment result, and acceleration operation can be performed.

Example 24. In Example 23, the 6-pole electromagnet power source used during normal acceleration operation was separated from the 6-pole electromagnet, and one DC power source was connected to each 6-pole electromagnet to perform beam adjustment. If it is possible to pass all the current (that is, the sum of the currents that normally flow to both the main coil and the trim coil normally) at the time of incidence to the electromagnet trim coil, the trim coil power supply should be connected without disconnecting the 6-pole electromagnet power supply. The optimum parameters can be determined by using the same as the general-purpose DC power supply of the 34th embodiment.

Example 25. Further, in the synchrotron device, if the 8-pole electromagnet is equipped with a trim coil and a trim coil power supply, the optimum operating conditions can be adjusted as follows, that is, the 8-pole used during normal acceleration operation. Separate the electromagnet power supply from the 8-pole electromagnet, connect one DC power supply to each 8-pole electromagnet, perform beam adjustment, and determine the current value to be excited in each 8-pole electromagnet by the linear programming method. After the end, it is possible to switch to the pulsed octopole electromagnet power supply, determine the current value of the octopole electromagnet trim coil power supply based on the previous adjustment result, and perform the acceleration operation.

Example 26. In Example 25, the 8-pole electromagnet power supply used during normal acceleration operation was separated from the 8-pole electromagnet, and one DC power supply was connected to each 8-pole electromagnet to perform beam adjustment. If it is possible to pass all the current (that is, the sum of the currents that normally flow to both the main coil and the trim coil normally) at the time of incidence to the electromagnet trim coil, the trim coil power supply should be connected without disconnecting the 8-pole electromagnet power supply. The optimum parameters can be determined by using the same as the general-purpose DC power supply of the twenty-fifth embodiment.

Example 27. 18A and 18B show an embodiment relating to the invention of claim 14 for measuring a change in acceleration current value during acceleration. FIG. 18A is a configuration diagram and FIG. 18B is a time vs. beam current characteristic diagram. . In FIG. 18A, the measurement signal of the acceleration current value measured by the current monitor 181 passes through the signal processing circuit 182 and is captured by the computer 183. By the way, the voltage waveform of the current monitor 181 is shown in FIG.
The effect of the droop of the core appears as in the pole wire 184 of FIG. Therefore, it is difficult to know the acceleration current value for each time. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the voltage waveform data taken into the computer 183 is transformed in consideration of the droop of the core, and the waveform is output. As a result, as shown by the curve 185, the current change is close to the actual change of the beam current.

At the time of adjusting the acceleration beam current, it is necessary to analyze the degree of decrease of the beam current within a few microseconds to several tens of microseconds after the incidence and make an adjustment so that the decrease in the beam current is small in that region. is there. However, even if the output waveform of an ordinary transformer core type current monitor is directly observed, since there is droop, the true reduction rate of the beam current cannot be clearly recognized. Therefore, in order to determine the optimum operation parameter, it is necessary to perform computer processing and perform beam adjustment for increasing the accumulated current value while observing the waveform output for which the droop is corrected.

Example 28. FIG. 19 shows an embodiment relating to the invention of claim 15 for measuring the betatron frequency during acceleration. FIG. 19 (a) is a configuration diagram and FIG. 19 (b) is a time vs. betatron frequency characteristic diagram. is there. The measurement of the betatron frequency is performed by measuring the rf knockout electrode 19 of FIG.
1 is applied with a high frequency electric field, the frequency of the high frequency electric field is gradually changed, and the frequency of the high frequency electric field when the high frequency electric field and the betatron oscillation resonate and the beam is lost is measured. Calculate. Generally, in order to measure the changing betatron frequency during acceleration, a high-frequency electric field may be applied with a pulse of about 1 ms. However, providing a pulsed electric field complicates the circuit and is expensive.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the betatron frequency changing during acceleration is measured as follows. (1) Let F1 be the frequency applied to the rf knockout (see FIG. 19B), and the time T at which the beam is lost at that time
Measure 1. The betatron frequency for that time is a value calculated from the frequency F1. (2) Similarly, the frequencies F2, F3, F4 and the frequency applied to the rf knockout electrode 191 are changed, and the times T2, T3, T4 are measured in the same manner. The values of (1) and (2) above are interpolated to determine the betatron frequency during acceleration. According to this example, it is possible to calculate the betatron frequency during acceleration using a continuous output high frequency power source.

Example 29. Embodiments 29 to 50 are embodiments relating to the inventions of claims 16 to 21. Embodiments relating to the inventions of claims 17 and 18 in which different deflection electromagnet power supplies are used in the low energy region and the high energy region, and both are switched by a switcher during acceleration to perform operation.
0, shown in FIG. FIG. 20 shows an excitation pattern, that is, an acceleration pattern of the deflection electromagnet of the synchrotron device.
1 shows a circuit diagram of a bending electromagnet power source necessary for achieving Example 40. In FIG. 21, 211, 212
Is a deflecting electromagnet power source used for low energy and high energy, respectively, and 213 is a switching device (thyristor) for switching between the two power sources.

Noise of current ripple is superimposed on the current output of the pulse electromagnet power supply. The noise has almost the same amplitude from low energy to high energy. Therefore, when the ratio to the main current is taken, the influence of the ripple on the charged particles is serious in the low energy region. Also, the greater the energy difference between low energy and high energy, the greater the ripple.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 20, during the acceleration, the power source is switched from the low energy one to the high energy one by using the switch (213 in FIG. 21). The ripple becomes large at the moment of switching, but if the energy at the time of switching is high to some extent, it is smaller than the effect of ripple at the time of low energy, so there is no problem. A thyristor is used for switching.

Example 30. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which different quadrupole electromagnet power supplies are used in the low energy region and the high energy region, and both are switched by a switcher during acceleration to perform operation.
2, shown in FIG. FIG. 22 shows the excitation pattern of the quadrupole electromagnet of the synchrotron device, and FIG. 23 shows the circuit diagram of the quadrupole electromagnet power supply necessary for achieving this embodiment.
In FIG. 23, reference numerals 231 and 232 are quadrupole electromagnet power supplies used for low energy and high energy, respectively, and 233 is a switch (thyristor) for switching between the two power supplies.

The current ripple noise is superimposed on the current output of the pulse electromagnet power supply. The noise has almost the same amplitude from low energy to high energy. Therefore, when the ratio to the main current is taken, the influence of the ripple on the charged particles is serious in the low energy region. Also, the greater the energy difference between low energy and high energy, the greater the ripple. The ripple of the quadrupole electromagnet appears as a fluctuation of the betatron frequency.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 22, the power source is switched from one for low energy to one for high energy during the acceleration using the switch (233 in FIG. 23). The ripple becomes large at the moment of switching, but if the energy at the time of switching is high to some extent, it is smaller than the effect of ripple at the time of low energy, so there is no problem. A thyristor is used for switching.

Example 31. An example in which different 6-pole electromagnet power supplies are used for the low energy region and the high energy region, and both are switched by a switching device during acceleration to perform operation
4, shown in FIG. FIG. 24 shows the excitation pattern of the 6-pole electromagnet of the synchrotron device, and FIG. 25 shows the circuit diagram of the 6-pole electromagnet power supply required to achieve this embodiment.
In FIG. 25, 251 and 252 are 6-pole electromagnet power sources used for low energy and high energy, respectively, and 253 is a switch (thyristor) for switching between the two power sources.

Noise of current ripple is superimposed on the current output of the pulse electromagnet power supply. The noise has almost the same amplitude from low energy to high energy. Therefore, when the ratio to the main current is taken, the influence of the ripple on the charged particles is serious in the low energy region. Also, the greater the energy difference between low energy and high energy, the greater the ripple. The ripple of the 6-pole electromagnet appears as a change in chromaticity.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 24, the power source is switched from the low energy one to the high energy one by using the switch (253 in FIG. 25) during the acceleration. The ripple becomes large at the moment of switching, but if the energy at the time of switching is high to some extent, it is smaller than the effect of ripple at the time of low energy, so there is no problem. A thyristor is used for switching.

Example 32. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which another 8-pole electromagnet power source is used in the low energy region and the high energy region, and both are switched by a switching device during acceleration to perform operation.
6, shown in FIG. FIG. 26 shows the excitation pattern of the 8-pole electromagnet of the synchrotron device, and FIG. 27 shows the circuit diagram of the 8-pole electromagnet power supply required to achieve this embodiment.
In FIG. 27, 271 and 272 are 8-pole electromagnet power sources used for low energy and high energy, respectively, and 273 is a switching device (thyristor) for switching between the two power sources.

Noise of current ripple is superimposed on the current output of the pulse electromagnet power supply. The noise has almost the same amplitude from low energy to high energy. Therefore, when the ratio to the main current is taken, the influence of the ripple on the charged particles is serious in the low energy region. Also, the greater the energy difference between low energy and high energy, the greater the ripple. The ripple of the 8-pole electromagnet appears as an increase in the width of the stop band and a decrease in the Landau damping effect.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 26, the power source is switched from one for low energy to one for high energy by using the switch (273 in FIG. 27) during acceleration. Although the ripple becomes large at the moment of switching, if the energy when switching is high to a certain extent is smaller than the effect of ripple at the time of low energy, there is no problem. A thyristor is used for switching.

Example 33. 28 and 29 show an embodiment in which different steering electromagnet power supplies are used in the low energy region and the high energy region, and both are switched by a switching device during acceleration to perform operation. FIG. 28 shows an excitation pattern of the steering electromagnet of the synchrotron device, and FIG.
Shows the circuit diagram of the steering electromagnet power supply needed to achieve Example 33. In FIG. 29, 291,
Reference numeral 292 is a steering electromagnet power source used for low energy and high energy, respectively, and 293 is a switching device (thyristor) for switching between the two power sources.

Noise of current ripple is superimposed on the current output of the pulse electromagnet power supply. The noise has almost the same amplitude from low energy to high energy. Therefore, when the ratio to the main current is taken, the influence of the ripple on the charged particles is serious in the low energy region. Also, the greater the energy difference between low energy and high energy, the greater the ripple. The ripple of the steering electromagnet appears as COD fluctuation.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 28, the power source is switched from one for low energy to one for high energy during the acceleration using the switch (293 in FIG. 29). The ripple becomes large at the moment of switching, but if the energy at the time of switching is high to some extent, it is smaller than the effect of ripple at the time of low energy, so there is no problem. A thyristor is used for switching.

Example 34. Example 29 to Example 3
In 3, a thyristor was used as a switch, but G
A TO (gate turn-off thyristor) can also be used.

Example 35. 20. The invention according to claim 19, wherein different pulse deflection electromagnet power supplies are used for the low energy region and the high energy region, and when switching is performed during switching by switching both of them, the acceleration pattern at the time of switching is made to have a constant energy region. An example is shown in FIG. Switching between the two pulse electromagnet power supplies is difficult in terms of timing and voltage control. Therefore, when switching the pulse electromagnet power supplies, a region where the current is constant is created, and switching is performed at that time.

Example 36. FIG. 31 shows an embodiment in which different pulse quadrupole electromagnet power supplies are used for the low energy region and the high energy region, and when switching is performed by a switching device during acceleration, the acceleration pattern at the time of switching is made to have a constant energy region. Shown in. Switching between the two pulse electromagnet power supplies is difficult in terms of timing and voltage control. Therefore, when switching the pulse electromagnet power supplies, a region where the current is constant is created and switching is performed at that time.

Example 37. FIG. 32 shows an embodiment in which different pulse 6-pole electromagnet power sources are used for the low energy region and the high energy region, and when switching is performed by a switching device during acceleration, the acceleration pattern at the time of switching is made to have a constant energy region. Shown in. Switching between the two pulse electromagnet power supplies is difficult in terms of timing and voltage control. Therefore, when switching the pulse electromagnet power supplies, a region where the current is constant is created and switching is performed at that time.

Example 38. FIG. 33 shows an embodiment in which different pulse octupole electromagnet power supplies are used in the low energy region and the high energy region, and when switching is performed by a switching device during the acceleration to perform operation, an acceleration pattern at the time of switching is made to have a constant energy region. Shown in. Switching between the two pulse electromagnet power supplies is difficult in terms of timing and voltage control. Therefore, when switching the pulse electromagnet power supplies, a region where the current is constant is created and switching is performed at that time.

Example 39. Using different pulse steering electromagnet power supply in low energy region and high energy region,
FIG. 34 shows an example in which the acceleration pattern at the time of switching is made to have a constant energy region when the two are switched by the switcher during the acceleration to perform the operation. Switching between the two pulse electromagnet power supplies is difficult in terms of timing and voltage control. Therefore, when switching the pulse electromagnet power supplies, a region where the current is constant is created and the switching is performed at that time.

Example 40. 21. An embodiment according to the invention of claim 20, wherein a pulse deflection electromagnet power source is used in a low energy region and a DC deflection electromagnet power source is used in a high energy region, and both are switched by a switching device during acceleration to perform operation.
5, shown in FIG. FIG. 35 shows an excitation pattern of the deflection electromagnet of the synchrotron device, and FIG. 36 shows a circuit diagram of the deflection electromagnet power supply necessary for achieving this embodiment.
In FIG. 36, 361 and 362 are a pulse deflection electromagnet power supply and a DC deflection electromagnet power supply, respectively, and 363 is a switcher (thyristor) that switches between the two power supplies.

At low energy, the life of charged particles is short,
Beam instability is also likely to occur, so it is necessary to raise energy at high speed. On the other hand, when the energy becomes high, the life of the charged particles is sufficiently long, so there is no problem even if the energy is slowly increased. Further, when the maximum energy is reached and accumulation is performed, if the beam axis changes, instability is likely to be excited, so it is preferable that the ripple of the power supply is small. Therefore, by using the AC power supply at the time of low energy and the DC power supply at the time of high energy, and switching between them by the switcher, it becomes possible to provide a synchrotron device with good performance.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 35, the power source is switched from the pulse deflection electromagnet power source to the DC power source during the acceleration using the switch (363 in FIG. 36). The ripple becomes large at the moment of switching, but if the energy at switching is high to some extent, it is smaller than the effect of ripple at low energy and it does not pose a problem. A thyristor is used for switching.

Example 41. 37 and 38 show an embodiment in which a pulse quadrupole electromagnet power source is used in the low energy region and a direct current quadrupole electromagnet power source is used in the high energy region, and both are switched by a switching device during acceleration to perform operation. FIG. 37
Shows the excitation pattern of the quadrupole electromagnet of the synchrotron device, and FIG. 38 shows the circuit diagram of the quadrupole electromagnet power supply necessary for achieving this embodiment. In FIG. 38, 381
Reference numeral 382 denotes a pulse quadrupole electromagnet, a direct current quadrupole electromagnet power source, and 383 denotes a switcher (thyristor) that switches the power sources of both.

At low energy, the life of charged particles is short,
Beam instability is also likely to occur, so it is necessary to raise energy at high speed. On the other hand, when the energy becomes high, the life of the charged particles is sufficiently long, so there is no problem even if the energy is increased over time. Further, when the maximum energy is reached and accumulation is performed, it is preferable that the ripple of the quadrupole electromagnet power source is small so that the betatron frequency does not change. Therefore, by using the AC power supply at the time of low energy and the DC power supply at the time of high energy, and switching between them by the switcher, it becomes possible to provide a synchrotron device having a high function.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 37, the power source is switched from the pulse quadrupole electromagnet power source to the DC power source during the acceleration using the switch (383 in FIG. 38). The ripple increases at the moment of switching, but if the energy at the time of switching is high to some extent, it is smaller than the effect of ripple at low energy and is not a problem. A thyristor is used for switching.

A pulse sextupole electromagnet power source is used in the low energy region, and a direct current sextupole magnet power source is used in the high energy region.
39 and 40 show an embodiment in which both are switched by a switch during acceleration to perform operation. FIG. 39 shows the excitation pattern of the 6-pole electromagnet of the synchrotron device, and FIG. 40 shows the circuit diagram of the 6-pole electromagnet power supply required to achieve this embodiment. In FIG. 40, 401 and 402 are a pulse 6-pole electromagnet, a direct current 6-pole electromagnet power source, and 403, respectively.
Is a switching device (thyristor) for switching the power supply of both.

At low energy, the life of charged particles is short,
Beam instability is also likely to occur, so it is necessary to raise energy at high speed. On the other hand, at high energies, the life of charged particles is sufficiently long that there is no problem even if the energy is increased over time, and when the maximum energy is reached and chromaticity fluctuates during accumulation, the beam becomes unstable. It is better that the ripple of the 6-pole electromagnet power supply is small so that the above will not occur. Therefore, by using the AC power supply at the time of low energy and the DC power supply at the time of high energy, and switching between them by the switcher, it becomes possible to provide a synchrotron device having a high function.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 39, the power supply is switched from the pulse sextupole electromagnet power supply to the DC power supply during the acceleration using the switch (403 in FIG. 40). The ripple becomes large at the moment of switching, but if the energy at the time of switching is high to some extent, it is smaller than the effect of ripple at the time of low energy, so there is no problem. A thyristor is used for switching.

Example 42. 41 and 42 show an embodiment in which a pulsed 8-pole electromagnet power source is used in the low energy region and a direct current 8-pole electromagnet power source is used in the high energy region, and both are switched by a switching device during acceleration. Figure 41
Shows the excitation pattern of the 8-pole electromagnet of the synchrotron device, and FIG. 42 shows the circuit diagram of the 8-pole electromagnet power supply necessary for achieving this embodiment. In FIG. 42, 421,
Reference numeral 422 denotes a pulse octopole electromagnet, DC octupole electromagnet power source, and 423 denotes a switching device (thyristor) for switching the power sources of the two.

At low energy, the life of charged particles is short,
Beam instability is also likely to occur, so it is necessary to raise energy at high speed. On the other hand, at high energies, the life of charged particles is sufficiently long that there is no problem even if the energy is increased over time, and when the maximum energy is reached and the stop band width fluctuates during accumulation, the beam becomes unstable. It is better that the ripple of the 8-pole electromagnet power supply is small so that it does not become stable. Therefore, when an AC power source is used when the energy is low and a DC power source is used when the energy is high, and a switch is used to switch between them, the synchrotron device has a high function.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 41, the power source is switched from the pulsed 8-pole electromagnet power source to the DC power source during the acceleration using the switch (423 in FIG. 42). The ripple increases at the moment of switching, but if the energy at the time of switching is high to some extent, it is smaller than the effect of ripple at low energy and is not a problem. A thyristor is used for switching.

Example 43. 43 and FIG. 4 in which a pulse steering electromagnet power source is used in the low energy region and a direct-current steering electromagnet power source is used in the high energy region and both are switched by a switching device during acceleration.
4 shows. FIG. 43 shows the excitation pattern of the steering electromagnet of the synchrotron device, and FIG. 44 shows the circuit diagram of the steering electromagnet power supply necessary for achieving this embodiment. In FIG. 44, 441 and 442 respectively represent
A pulse steering electromagnet, a DC steering magnet power supply, and 443 are switching devices (thyristors) for switching the power supplies of both.

At low energy, the life of charged particles is short,
Beam instability is also likely to occur, so it is necessary to raise energy at high speed. On the other hand, when the energy becomes high, there is no problem even if the energy is increased over time because the life of the charged particles is sufficiently long, and when the energy reaches the maximum and COD oscillates during storage, the beam becomes unstable. It is better that the ripple of the steering electromagnet power supply is smaller so that it does not occur. Therefore, by using the AC power supply at the time of low energy and the DC power supply at the time of high energy, and switching between them by the switcher, it becomes possible to provide a synchrotron device having a high function.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 43, the power source is switched from the pulse steering electromagnet power source to the DC power source during the acceleration using the switch (443 in FIG. 44). The ripple increases at the moment of switching, but if the energy at the time of switching is high to some extent, it is smaller than the effect of ripple at low energy and is not a problem. A thyristor is used for switching.

Example 44. Example 40 to Example 4
4 used a thyristor as a switch, but G
It is also possible to use TO.

Example 45. 22. When a pulse deflection electromagnet power source is used in a low energy region and a direct current deflection electromagnet power source is used in a high energy region and both are switched by a switching device during acceleration to perform an operation, an acceleration pattern at the time of switching is made to have a constant energy region. 45 shows an embodiment relating to the invention of FIG. Since switching between the two pulse electromagnet power supplies is difficult due to problems of timing and voltage control, a region where the current is constant is created when switching between the pulse electromagnet power supplies, and switching is performed at that time.

Example 46. Pulse 4 in the low energy region
FIG. 46 shows an embodiment in which a polar electromagnet power source and a DC power source in a high energy region are used, and when the two are switched by a switching device during acceleration to perform operation, an acceleration pattern at the time of switching is made to have a constant energy region. Since switching between the two pulse electromagnet power supplies is difficult due to problems of timing and voltage control, a region where the current is constant is created when switching between the pulse electromagnet power supplies, and switching is performed at that time.

Example 47. Pulse 6 in the low energy region
FIG. 47 shows an embodiment in which a polar electromagnet power source and a DC power source in a high energy region are used, and when the two are switched by a switching device during acceleration to perform operation, an acceleration pattern at the time of switching is made to have a constant energy region. Since switching between the two pulse electromagnet power supplies is difficult due to problems of timing and voltage control, a region where the current is constant is created when switching between the pulse electromagnet power supplies, and switching is performed at that time.

Example 48. Pulse 8 in the low energy region
FIG. 48 shows an embodiment in which a polar electromagnet power source and a DC power source in a high energy region are used, and when the two are switched by a switcher during the acceleration to perform an operation, an acceleration pattern at the time of switching is made to have a constant energy region. Since switching between the two pulse electromagnet power supplies is difficult due to problems of timing and voltage control, a region where the current is constant is created when switching between the pulse electromagnet power supplies, and switching is performed at that time.

Example 49. Using a pulse steering power supply in the low energy range and a DC power supply in the high energy range,
FIG. 49 shows an example in which the acceleration pattern at the time of switching is made to have a constant energy region when the operation is performed by switching both sides by the switcher during acceleration. Since switching between the two pulse electromagnet power supplies is difficult due to problems of timing and voltage control, a region where the current is constant is created when switching between the pulse electromagnet power supplies, and switching is performed at that time.

[0144]

According to the inventions of claims 1 to 4,
Since the pulse electromagnet power source and the direct current power source are switched and connected to the electromagnet, the incident beam can be adjusted easily and in a short time.

According to the inventions of claims 5 to 13,
Connect the DC power supply to the electromagnet during the initial beam adjustment, perform one-turn beam adjustment, COD correction adjustment, optimal betatron frequency adjustment, etc., and after setting the optimal parameters, connect the pulse electromagnet power source to the electromagnet for accelerated operation. Since it is configured to perform, it is possible to operate with optimum parameters.

According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, since the droop of the core of the current monitor is superimposed on the signal waveform of the current monitor for measuring the accumulated current value of the synchrotron device, the beam current value during acceleration is Can be measured accurately.

According to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the time during which the acceleration current value decreases due to the influence of the RF knockout is measured, the betatron frequency at that time is determined, and the frequency of the high frequency applied to the RF knockout is changed. Since the time taken for the acceleration current value to decrease is measured by the same procedure, it is possible to accurately measure the change in the betatron frequency during acceleration.

According to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, the 6-pole electromagnet current value at which the incident beam current value increases most is determined, and the acceleration pattern of the 6-pole electromagnet is created based on the current value to accelerate the operation. It is possible to

According to the seventeenth to twenty-first aspects of the invention, since the power sources for low energy and high energy are separated, it is possible to perform acceleration operation even with an electromagnet power source having a large current ripple. Has the effect of.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of an electromagnet power source of a synchrotron device showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of a deflection electromagnet power supply.

FIG. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram of a quadrupole electromagnet power supply.

FIG. 4 is a circuit configuration diagram of a 6-pole electromagnet power source.

FIG. 5 is a circuit configuration diagram of an eight-pole electromagnet power supply.

FIG. 6 is a circuit configuration diagram of a steering electromagnet power supply.

FIG. 7 is another circuit configuration diagram of the deflection electromagnet power supply.

FIG. 8 is an algorithm diagram of beam adjustment (1, 2 turn beam adjustment).

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a beam position for each shot on the fluorescent screen monitor.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram for reducing the energy spread of an incident electron beam.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram for reducing the energy spread of an incident electron beam with a beam scraper in the synchrotron device.

FIG. 12 is an algorithm diagram of beam adjustment (adjustment of betatron frequency).

FIG. 13 is a device layout diagram for adjusting the betatron frequency.

FIG. 14 is an algorithm diagram of beam adjustment (chromaticity adjustment).

FIG. 15 is a device layout diagram for chromaticity adjustment.

FIG. 16 is an algorithm diagram of beam adjustment (COD adjustment).

FIG. 17 is a device layout diagram for COD adjustment.

FIG. 18 (a) is a configuration diagram of acceleration beam current value measurement, and FIG. 18 (b) is a time vs. beam current characteristic diagram.

19 (a) is a configuration diagram of betatron frequency measurement of an accelerating beam, and FIG. 19 (b) is a betatron frequency characteristic diagram with respect to time.

FIG. 20 is an excitation pattern diagram of a deflection electromagnet.

FIG. 21 is a circuit diagram of a deflection electromagnet power supply.

FIG. 22 is an excitation pattern diagram of a quadrupole electromagnet.

FIG. 23 is a circuit diagram of a quadrupole electromagnet power supply.

FIG. 24 is an excitation pattern diagram of a 6-pole electromagnet.

FIG. 25 is a circuit diagram of a 6-pole electromagnet power supply.

FIG. 26 is an excitation pattern diagram of an 8-pole electromagnet.

FIG. 27 is a circuit diagram of an eight-pole electromagnet power supply.

FIG. 28 is an excitation pattern diagram of a steering electromagnet.

FIG. 29 is a circuit diagram of a steering electromagnet.

FIG. 30 is an excitation pattern diagram of a deflection electromagnet.

FIG. 31 is an excitation pattern diagram of a quadrupole electromagnet.

FIG. 32 is an excitation pattern diagram of a 6-pole electromagnet.

FIG. 33 is an excitation pattern diagram of an 8-pole electromagnet.

FIG. 34 is an excitation pattern diagram of a steering electromagnet.

FIG. 35 is an excitation pattern diagram of a deflection electromagnet.

FIG. 36 is a circuit diagram of a bending electromagnet power supply.

FIG. 37 is an excitation pattern diagram of a quadrupole electromagnet.

FIG. 38 is a circuit diagram of a quadrupole electromagnet power supply.

FIG. 39 is an excitation pattern diagram of a 6-pole electromagnet.

FIG. 40 is a circuit diagram of a 6-pole electromagnet power supply.

FIG. 41 is an excitation pattern diagram of an 8-pole electromagnet.

FIG. 42 is a circuit diagram of an eight-pole electromagnet power supply.

FIG. 43 is an excitation pattern diagram of a steering electromagnet.

FIG. 44 is a circuit diagram of a steering electromagnet power supply.

FIG. 45 is an excitation pattern diagram of a deflection electromagnet.

FIG. 46 is an excitation pattern diagram of a quadrupole electromagnet.

FIG. 47 is an excitation pattern diagram of a 6-pole electromagnet.

FIG. 48 is an excitation pattern diagram of an 8-pole electromagnet.

FIG. 49 is an excitation pattern diagram of a steering electromagnet.

FIG. 50 is a plan view of a conventional synchrotron device.

FIG. 51 is a main circuit configuration diagram of an electromagnet power source of a conventional synchrotron device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 pulse electromagnet power supply (AC power supply) 12 DC power supply 14 mechanical switching device 21 deflection electromagnet power supply 31 4-pole electromagnet power supply 41 6-pole electromagnet power supply 42 6-pole electromagnet 51 8-pole electromagnet power supply 52 8-pole electromagnet 61 steering electromagnet power supply 101 slit 102 Bending electromagnet 111 Beam scraper (Beam reduction device) 131 Betatron frequency monitor 132 Spectroanalyzer 133 QF DC power supply 134 QD DC power supply 151 SF DC power supply 152 SD DC power supply 171 DC power supply 172 Computer 173 Trim coil power supply 181 Current monitor 182 Signal Processing circuit 183 Network 184 Raw signal waveform 185 Droop-corrected waveform 191 RF knockout electrode 192 Computer 211 Bending electromagnet power supply at low energy 212 High energy Bending electromagnet power supply for energy 213 High-speed switch 231 Low-energy 4-pole electromagnet power supply 232 High-energy 4-pole electromagnet power supply 233 High-speed switch 251 Low-energy 6-pole electromagnet power supply 252 High-energy 6-pole electromagnet power supply 253 High-speed switch 271 Low-energy 8-pole electromagnet power supply 272 High-energy 8-pole electromagnet power supply 273 High-speed switch 291 Low-energy steering electromagnet power supply 292 High-energy steering electromagnet power supply 293 High-speed switch 361 Pulse deflection electromagnet power supply 362 DC deflection electromagnet power supply 363 High-speed switching 381 Pulse 4-pole electromagnet power supply 382 DC 4-pole electromagnet power supply 383 High-speed switch 401 Pulse 6-pole electromagnet power supply 402 DC 6-pole electromagnet power supply 403 High-speed switch 421 Pulse 8 Pole electromagnet power supply 422 DC 8 pole electromagnet power supply 423 High speed switching device 441 Pulse steering electromagnet power supply 442 DC steering electromagnet power supply 443 High speed switching device

Claims (21)

[Claims] 1. In a synchrotron device for accelerating charged particles from a low energy to a high energy while orbiting in a vacuum chamber, a pulse electromagnet power supply used in acceleration operation, a DC power supply used in beam accumulation operation, and both power supplies are electromagnets. A synchrotron device comprising an electromagnet power source including a switching device that is switched and connected to. 2. A deflection electromagnet, a 4-pole electromagnet, a 6-pole electromagnet,
A synchrotron device, wherein the electromagnet power source according to claim 1 is used as an electromagnet power source for at least one of an 8-pole electromagnet and a steering electromagnet. 3. A synchrotron device for accelerating charged particles in a vacuum chamber from low energy to high energy while having a pulse electromagnet power source used in acceleration operation and a switching device. A synchrotron apparatus comprising an electromagnet power supply having a structure in which a switching terminal is opened and a DC power supply used in beam accumulation operation can be connected. 4. A deflection electromagnet, a 4-pole electromagnet, a 6-pole electromagnet,
A synchrotron device, wherein the electromagnet power supply according to claim 3 is used as an electromagnet power supply for one or more types of electromagnets among an 8-pole electromagnet and a steering electromagnet. 5. A beam adjusting method of a synchrotron device for accelerating charged particles from a low energy to a high energy while orbiting in a vacuum chamber, wherein a direct current power source is connected to a deflection electromagnet and a few turns after the charged particles are incident. The method for adjusting a beam of a synchrotron device, wherein the current value of the DC power supply is changed so that the beam of (1) comes to a position designed in advance by a beam position monitor provided in the synchrotron device. 6. A beam adjusting method of a synchrotron device for accelerating charged particles from a low energy to a high energy while orbiting in a vacuum chamber, when performing beam adjustment for several turns after the injection of the charged particles. A beam adjusting method for a synchrotron device, characterized in that the energy dispersion of the beam is reduced in advance and the beam is made incident on the synchrotron device. 7. A synchrotron device beam adjusting method for accelerating charged particles from a low energy to a high energy while orbiting in a vacuum chamber, in the synchrotron device when performing beam adjustment for several turns after the injection of the charged particles. A beam adjusting method for a synchrotron device, characterized in that a beam reducing device capable of blocking a part of the beam is provided in the beam reducing device to reduce energy dispersion of the beam after the beam reducing device. 8. In a synchrotron device beam adjusting method for accelerating charged particles from a low energy to a high energy while orbiting in a vacuum chamber, a pulse electromagnet power supply is separated from an electromagnet, and one DC power supply is provided for each electromagnet. A beam adjusting method for a synchrotron device, comprising: connecting and performing beam adjustment; thereafter, switching to the pulse electromagnet power source, determining a current value to be passed through the trim coil based on the previous beam adjustment, and performing acceleration operation. 9. A deflection electromagnet, a 4-pole electromagnet, a 6-pole electromagnet,
9. A beam adjusting method for a synchrotron device, wherein the value of a current flowing through a trim coil of any one or more of the 8-pole electromagnets is determined in claim 8. 10. In a beam adjusting method of a synchrotron device for accelerating charged particles in a vacuum chamber from low energy to high energy, a DC power source is connected to each trim coil to perform beam adjustment, A beam adjusting method for a synchrotron device, comprising: switching to a trim coil power supply used in acceleration operation, determining a current value to be passed through the trim coil based on the previous beam adjustment, and performing acceleration operation. 11. A synchrotron according to claim 10, wherein a current value to be passed through a trim coil of one or more of a bending electromagnet, a 4-pole electromagnet, a 6-pole electromagnet, and an 8-pole electromagnet is determined. Beam adjustment method for equipment. 12. In a beam adjusting method of a synchrotron device for accelerating charged particles in a vacuum chamber from low energy to high energy, a voltage waveform signal of a beam position monitor during acceleration is continuously read and data is accumulated. A beam adjusting method for a synchrotron device, comprising: accumulating data in a device, and measuring a change in beam position during acceleration of one acceleration based on the data after the acceleration is completed. 13. A beam adjusting method for a synchrotron device for accelerating charged particles from low energy to high energy while orbiting in a vacuum chamber, wherein a DC power source
The incident beam current value is measured by a current monitor while changing the value of the current flowing to the DC power source while being connected to a polar electromagnet, and the quadrupole electromagnet current value at which the incident beam current value increases most is determined. A beam adjusting method for a synchrotron device, wherein an acceleration pattern of the quadrupole electromagnet is created based on an electromagnet current value, and an acceleration operation is performed. 14. A synchrotron device beam measuring method for accelerating charged particles from a low energy to a high energy while orbiting in a vacuum chamber, wherein a signal waveform of a current monitor for measuring an accumulated current value of the synchrotron device is used as the current monitor. A method for measuring a beam in a synchrotron device, characterized by measuring the beam current value during acceleration by superimposing it on the droop of the core. 15. A method for measuring a synchrotron device in which charged particles are accelerated in a vacuum chamber from low energy to high energy while orbiting the vacuum chamber, and a high frequency frequency applied to an RF knockout provided in the synchrotron device is set to a constant value. After setting and accelerating, the timing at which the acceleration current value decreases due to the influence of the RF knockout is measured, and the betatron frequency at that time is determined.
By changing the frequency of the high frequency applied to knockout, measuring the timing at which the acceleration current value decreases by the same procedure as above, and finally measuring the continuous change in the betatron frequency during acceleration. Measuring method for synchrotron device. 16. A beam adjusting method of a synchrotron device for accelerating charged particles from a low energy to a high energy while orbiting in a vacuum chamber, wherein a direct current power source is connected to a six-pole electromagnet and a current value of the direct current power source is changed. While performing the chromaticity measurement, the incident beam current value is measured by a current monitor, the 6-pole electromagnet current value at which the incident beam current value increases most is determined, and the 6-pole electromagnet current value is determined based on the 6-pole electromagnet current value. A method for adjusting a beam of a synchrotron device, characterized in that an acceleration pattern is created and an acceleration operation is performed. 17. In a synchrotron device for accelerating charged particles from a low energy to a high energy while orbiting in a vacuum chamber, different pulse electromagnet power supplies that are used by switching between a low energy region and a high energy region, and this pulse electromagnet power supply. A synchrotron device comprising an electromagnet power source including a switching device for switching between the two during acceleration. 18. A synchrotron device using an electromagnet power source of an electromagnet 17 as an electromagnet power source of at least one kind of a deflection electromagnet, a 4-pole electromagnet, a 6-pole electromagnet, an 8-pole electromagnet, and a steering electromagnet. 19. A beam accelerating method of a synchrotron device for accelerating charged particles from a low energy to a high energy while orbiting in a vacuum chamber, wherein an acceleration pattern is formed when switching a pulsed electromagnet power source between a low energy region and a high energy region. A beam accelerating method for a synchrotron device, characterized by setting a constant energy region. 20. In a synchrotron device for accelerating charged particles from a low energy to a high energy while orbiting in a vacuum chamber, a pulse electromagnet power source used in a low energy region, a DC power source used in a high energy region, and both power sources. A synchrotron device comprising an electromagnet power supply including a switching device for switching between. 21. In a beam accelerating method of a synchrotron device for accelerating charged particles from a low energy to a high energy while orbiting in a vacuum chamber, a constant energy region is added to an acceleration pattern of a pulse electromagnet power source used in a low energy region. A method for accelerating a beam in a synchrotron device, characterized in that the pulse electromagnet power source and the DC power source are switched in a region where the energy is constant.