JPH076265B2 - Roof structure and roof construction method - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a roof structure suitable for a building having, for example, a dome-shaped appearance and a roofing construction method thereof.

[Prior Art] In relatively large structures such as indoor stadiums and gymnasiums, it is common to see that the entire building or its roof has a hemispherical or truncated hemispherical dome-shaped steel roof structure. To be

This type of roof structure is made up of a plurality of rows of vertical frame steel bodies such as an H-shaped steel structure that has been molded into a corresponding shape with a predetermined curvature in advance or a truss structure using other shape steel, and a plurality of hollow steel pipes surrounding them. After constructing the basic structure with a horizontal frame steel body of steps, laying a base material etc. between the steel bodies,
In many cases, a roofing board that is finished in an appropriate curvature so as to cover the entire surface is raised in a vertically-roofed form.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

By the way, in the roof structure applied to such a conventional dome-shaped building, it is difficult to accurately finish the shape of the roof plate material so as to match the curvature of the basic structure, and it is difficult to finish the curved structure. Since multiple roofing boards are roofed in the left, right, up, and down directions, advanced construction technology is required to maintain the basic performance required for the roof, such as ensuring waterproofness and beautiful appearance. Therefore, there is a drawback that the cost is high in terms of both material and construction.

On the other hand, in recent years, there is a demand for a special roof shape that cannot be expressed geometrically or mathematically. However, if an attempt is made to realize such an arbitrary roof shape with the conventional roof structure described above, it is necessary to match the special shape. Since it is necessary to prepare a roof plate material that is individually molded so that the shapes of the respective parts of the basic structure assembled as described above match, the cost will be extremely high. Even if such a roofing sheet material can be prepared, it is more difficult to finish this type of roofing sheet material in an accurate outer shape according to the outer shape of the basic structure, so that the construction is not easy and the roofing sheet material is also difficult. There arises a problem that it is difficult to finish the seam between them beautifully, or it is difficult to ensure waterproofness and durability.

Further, the roofing plate for construction described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 59-14576 is known. In this roof plate, one side edge of a long zinc lead plate is bent to the surface side to form a first seam portion,
The other side edge portion was bent to the back surface side to form a second seam portion, and each had a liner inserted in the groove of the seam portion and was wound around a winding shaft.

Further, the invention of a waterproof sheet tensioning device in a building disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-163824 discloses a waterproof sheet covered with a waterproof sheet with or without a base sheet and a heat insulating material, and a presser on the waterproof sheet. The plate and the fixture are used to hold down the pressure, and an adhesive seal portion made of an adhesive material made of the same material as the waterproof sheet is provided between the peripheral edge of the press plate and the waterproof sheet.
Therefore, although it is suitable for waterproofing purpose made of synthetic resin members, the technical idea of soldering the fixed portion of the metal roof plate made of plastic material is not disclosed or suggested, and the adjacent roof is not suggested. There was also no technical idea of sealing the connecting part of the board with solder.

Further, the insulpin construction method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-98548 is an adhesion construction method for labor saving work for attaching glass wool to the attic of a building.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to such conventional problems, and can easily cope with a roof having a special shape,
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a roof structure and a roof construction method for a structure which are excellent in waterproofness, durability, sound insulation and appearance and can be realized at low cost.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention of claim 1 forms a roof plate material laid on the upper surface of a structural material constituting a basic structure of a roof from a metal material having plasticity, and a tip portion penetrating the roof plate material is formed. The fixing means having is formed on the upper surface of the structural material, the roof plate material is fixed to the structural material through the fixing means, and the penetrating portion of the fixing means to the roof plate material is sealed by solder. There is.

According to the invention of claim 2, the fixing means comprises a claw portion projecting on the upper surface of the structural material, and the claw portion penetrating and protruding from the rear surface side to the front surface of the roof plate material is provided along the roof plate material surface. The feature is that the roof plate material is fixed to the structural material in a bent state.

Further, according to the invention of claim 3, the roof plate material laid on the upper surface of the structural material constituting the roof basic structure is formed of a metal material having plasticity, and one end portion of the roof plate material formed in a roll shape in advance is formed. Fixing means for fixing to a part of the structural material of the roof assembled in a predetermined shape, and developing a roll-shaped roof sheet material on the upper surface of the structural material with the fixed portion as a base point, and having a tip portion at each predetermined position Through the roof sheet material, and further, the penetrating portion of the fixing means for the roof sheet material is sealed with solder, and the connecting portions of the adjacent roof sheet materials are hermetically joined via the seal material. Is characterized by.

[Action]

According to the roof structure according to the invention of claim 1, since the metal material having plasticity is applied as the roof plate material, the roof plate material can be preliminarily formed in any shape regardless of the shape of the structural material forming the basic structure of the roof. Even without the need for molding, a roof shape that conforms to the outer shape of the roof structure material can be realized without difficulty.

Further, since the roofing board material is flexible, it is possible to fix the tip to a structural material by passing through a fixing means such as a tack or a nail by a simple work using a hand or a hammer,
In other words, since the application part of the fixing means is not limited,
The degree of freedom in construction work is extremely high.

Further, since the fixing means such as the claws which penetrate the roof plate material is sealed by the solder, there is no risk of damage or rain leakage from the penetration part.

Moreover, since the flexible roofing sheet material has excellent sound absorbing properties or vibration damping properties, good sound insulating properties are exhibited.

Further, according to the invention of claim 2, since the claw portion projecting on the upper surface of the structural material can easily penetrate the metal roof plate having plasticity, processing for fixing to the metal roof plate is performed in advance. No need.

Further, according to the roof construction method of the invention of claim 3, since the roof sheet material made of a metal material having plasticity is preliminarily formed into a roll shape without any processing such as edge bending, the roof sheet material at the construction site. Does not take up space.
In addition, since this roll-shaped plastic roofing sheet material is unfolded from one end, it is sequentially cut and raised while the roof is being roofed while passing through fixing means such as claws. Compared with the case of connecting to the roof, the handling and construction work of the roof plate material will be significantly easier.

Furthermore, by making it into a roll shape, the plastic roofing sheet material can be made long, so that the seams between the roofing sheets can be reduced by that much and the construction work can be simplified, and reliability from the viewpoint of waterproofness and strength. Can be improved.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of a roof construction method for a building according to the present invention and a roof structure based on the construction method will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1 or 2, (1) is a roof plate material formed in a roll shape in advance, and is a flexible, ductile and flexible metal material such as lead, tin, zinc, or the like, or It is made of these alloy materials (hereinafter simply referred to as "lead-based metal material"). In addition, (2) is a C-shaped channel steel material that constitutes the purlin of the building, and (3) is a metal rafter as a structural material that is arranged at a predetermined interval so that it is orthogonal to the C-channel steel material. The roof substructure in the example is constructed.

The metal rafter (3) has a shape of a so-called hat-shaped cross section, and a flange portion (3a) protruding in both directions from a lower end portion of the metal rafter (3) onto a C-shaped channel steel material (2) has a screw or It is fixed through fixing means such as welding.

Further, a claw (3c) as a fixing means for fixing the roof plate material (1) is provided by cutting and raising at a predetermined interval along the longitudinal direction on the web portion (3b) corresponding to the upper surface thereof.

In order to make a roof on such a foundation structure, first, one side of the roll-shaped roof plate material (1) is a C-type channel steel material (2).
After positioning the metal rafter (3) on the ridge side or the upper part of the metal rafter (3) so as to be parallel to the metal rafter (3), the claws (3c) on the metal rafter (3) located on the back side of the one side are covered with the roof plate ( 1)
And the roof plate material (1) is temporarily fixed on the foundation structure.

At this time, since the claw (3c) is formed by cutting and raising a part of the metal rafter (3), its tip portion is sharp, so that the claw (3c) of the roof plate material (1) is in contact with the surrounding area. The claw (3c) easily penetrates through the roof plate material (1) made of a soft lead-based metal material and projects to the upper surface of the roof plate material by simply tapping the above part with a wooden stick or the like.

Although the claw (3c) is cut and raised in a substantially rectangular shape as shown in the figure, it may be formed in a triangular shape as shown in FIG. 3 so that the penetrability of the roof plate (1) is improved. It is possible to raise it further.

After temporarily fixing one side of the roll-shaped roof board material (1) as described above, the roof board material (1) is then spread on the metal rafter (3) in the eaves direction, and the claws (3c ) Is penetrated and temporary fixing is advanced. After appropriately deploying and temporarily fixing the roof sheet material (1) in such a manner, if there is no problem in position, unnecessary portions of the plastic roof sheet material (1) are cut as necessary to measure the dimensions and Adjust the shape.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, a large number of claws (3c) projecting on the surface of the roof plate material (1) are bent toward the eaves along the roof surface, and solder ( Place 4) to seal and fix the penetration.

Although not shown, the other adjacent roof plate materials are also roofed in the same manner as described above, and the connecting portions between the adjacent roof plate materials are densely welded with solder to finish.

In the roof structure according to the present invention, it is not necessary to provide a joint, a waste plate, or a cover at the connecting portion between the roof plate materials.

When the position of the roof plate material (1) is inappropriate at the temporary fixing stage, the roof plate material (1) is wound up as much as necessary and the positioning is performed again. At this time, if an unnecessary hole is formed in the roof plate material (1) due to the penetration of the claw (3c), it may be filled with solder.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the basic structure of the roof. That is, FIG. 4 shows a case where a base material (5) made of wood wool board is laid between adjacent metal rafters (3) and (3) so as to be placed on the flange portion (3a). Thus, the soundproofing and heat insulating properties of the roof structure according to the present invention can be further enhanced.

In addition, an air layer may be provided between the base material (5) and the roof plate material (1) to ensure air permeability and prevent dew condensation, and various pipes are incorporated inside the roof structure. It becomes possible to do it.

5A to 5D show another embodiment of the fixing means.

That is, FIG. 5A is suitable for the case where a wooden wool board, a wooden rafter, or the like is adopted as the roof basic structure (6), and the roof plate material (1) laid on the upper surface of the basic structure (6) is used. The rivet (7) is hammered in from above to fix it. In this case, as the sealing material of the fixing means, the tack (7)
A cover (8) made of a thin plate made of a lead-based metal material having a size capable of covering the head (7a) is provided, and the periphery thereof is welded with solder (4) for finishing. In addition to the tacks (7) described above, a self-tapping screw, a bolt shown in FIG. 5B, or the like may be used as the fixing means.

By the way, the above is the description of the example of the roof having a relatively flat shape, but as described above, according to the present invention, a roof having an arbitrary shape can be formed.

For example, FIG. 6 shows a structure in which a metal rafter (3) similar to that of FIG. 1 is arranged on a curved base material (9) made of concrete according to its curvature. Even on the basic structure of the shape, the roof can be easily roofed in the same manner as described above.

Further, since the metal rafter (3) can be easily given a desired curved shape by press working, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, a bent shape is realized only by the metal rafter (3),
You may make it roofing material on it.

As described above, according to the roof structure and the roof construction method of the present invention, not only a geometric dome shape but also a freely shaped roof can be realized. For example, a hemispherical shape as shown in FIG. It is also possible to realize a part having an irregular concavo-convex shape, and further a part having an irregular concavo-convex shape as shown in FIG.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, in the roof structure according to the invention of claim 1, the roof plate material laid on the upper surface of the structural material constituting the basic structure of the roof such as the metal rafter is formed from the metal material having plasticity, and the roof is formed. A fixing means such as a claw or a tack having a tip portion penetrating the plate material is formed on the upper surface of the structural material, and the roof plate material is fixed to the structural material through the fixing means, and further fixed to the roof plate material. Since the penetration part of the means is sealed with solder, even if the structural material that forms the basic structure of the roof has a special shape with irregular irregularities, for example, a special roof that conforms to the outer shape of the roof structural material The shape can be realized at low cost and structurally without difficulty.

Further, since the roof plate material is formed of a metal material having plasticity, and the fixing means such as the claws easily penetrate, the application place of the fixing means is not limited, so the degree of freedom in construction work is very high. Therefore, even with a complicated roof shape, a beautiful appearance finish can be easily applied.

Further, since the fixing means penetrating the roof plate material is sealed with solder, there is no possibility of damage or rain leakage from the penetrating portion, and the flexible roof plate material itself has excellent sound absorbing property or vibration damping property. Therefore, good sound insulation is exhibited.

In particular, when a lead-based metal material is used as the plastic material for the roof sheet material, it is easy to adapt to the shape of the roof structural material due to its flexible characteristics, and the roof sheet material itself is not restricted by the outer shape of the structural material. It is possible to give an arbitrary shape, and it is possible to easily construct a heavy or highly designed roof.

Further, since the lead-based metal material has high material density and vibration damping property, it has an advantage that much better sound insulation can be obtained.

In addition, since the lead-based metal material can be welded and repaired by soldering, construction and maintenance are extremely easy.

Further, the lead-based metal material has a function of forming an oxide film on the surface to prevent erosion to the inside, and does not cause electrolytic corrosion, so that it is extremely excellent in durability.

Further, according to the invention of claim 2, since the claw portion projecting on the upper surface of the structural material can easily penetrate the metal roof plate having plasticity, processing for fixing to the metal roof plate is performed in advance. No need.

On the other hand, in the roof construction method according to the third aspect of the present invention, one end of a roof plate material having plasticity, which is formed in a roll shape in advance, is assembled into a predetermined shape by a purlin material or a metal rafter, etc. Fixed to the portion, while the roll-shaped roof plate material is developed on the upper surface of the structural material with the fixed portion as a base point, a fixing means such as a claw or a tack having a tip at each predetermined position is penetrated through the roof plate material. Since the roof plate material is fixed on the structural material, the effect of significantly facilitating the handling and construction work of the roof plate material can be obtained.

Further, in the case of a roll-shaped roof plate material, the length of the roof plate material can be lengthened to reduce the number of joints between the adjacent roof plate materials, and thus the number of construction work steps can be reduced.

Moreover, since the damage of the roof plate is likely to occur from the seam portion, the roof structure obtained by the method of the present invention having a small number of seams does not have anxiety in terms of waterproofness, weather resistance, etc., and exhibits high reliability. It has many features that

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial external perspective view of a roof showing an embodiment of a roof structure and a roof construction method according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of an essential part thereof, and FIG. 3 is a metal rafter constituting a structural material of the roof. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 and FIG.
FIGS. 5A to 5 are side cross-sectional views or perspective views of a main part of a roof showing another embodiment relating to fixing means, and FIG. 7 is a side view of another embodiment relating to the overall shape of a metal rafter, and FIG. FIG. 9 and FIG. 9 are side views showing examples of the outer appearance of the roof according to the present invention. (1)… Roof plate material (2)… C type channel steel material (3)… Metal rafters (3c)… Claws (4)… Solder (5)… Base material (7)… Tacks (8)… Cover (9)… Curved main building material

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A roof plate material to be laid on the upper surface of a structural material constituting a roof basic structure is formed of a metal material having plasticity,
Fixing means having a tip portion penetrating the roof plate material is formed on the upper surface of the structural material, and the roof plate material is fixed to the structural material via the fixing means, and further, a penetrating portion of the fixing means to the roof plate material. The roof structure is characterized by being sealed with solder. 2. The fixing means comprises a claw portion projecting on the upper surface of the structural material, and the claw portion penetrating and projecting from the rear surface side to the front surface of the roof plate material is bent along the surface of the roof plate material. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the roof plate material is fixed to a structural material. 3. A roof plate material to be laid on the upper surface of a structural material constituting a roof basic structure is formed of a metal material having plasticity,
One end of the roof plate material formed in a roll shape in advance is fixed to a part of the structural material of the roof assembled in a predetermined shape, and the rolled roof plate material is placed on the upper surface of the structural material with the fixed portion as a base point. While deploying, the fixing means having a tip at each predetermined location is penetrated through the roof plate material, and further, the penetrating portion of the fixing means with respect to the roof plate material is sealed with solder,
Moreover, the roof construction method is characterized in that the connecting portions of the adjacent roof plate materials are airtightly joined to each other via the sealing material.