JPH0254053A - Insulating and water-proofing work - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a water-proof layer of good durability without damaging water proof sheets by a method in which a perforated buffer sheet is attached with slide-type joint metals, and a water-proof sheet is attached with an adhesive to the upside of the joint metals. CONSTITUTION:A slide-type joint metal 4 is fixed with a washer 6 to the hole portion of a perforated buffer sheet 3 by using screws 2, and a water-proof sheet 5 is bonded to the upside of the metal 4 consisting of a joint metal body 7, the washer 6, and the screw 2. The body 7 is allowed to slide horizontally after fixing the metal 4 to the base. The occurrence of stress can thus be prevented because of the expandible water-proof sheet.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a waterproofing method for buildings such as flat roofs, balconies, hallways, and indoor floors, and various structures such as water tanks, heat storage tanks, and swimming pools, and in particular, The present invention relates to a so-called insulation waterproofing method in which a surface to be waterproofed and a waterproof layer are partially joined. The present invention also relates to a slidable joint fitting for a waterproof sheet and a buffer sheet suitable for this insulation waterproofing method.

(Prior Art) Typical waterproofing methods for buildings or various structures include an asphalt waterproofing method and a sheet waterproofing method.

These waterproofing methods include two methods: the so-called ``full-surface adhesion method,'' in which the surface to be waterproofed and the waterproof layer are bonded over the entire surface, and the r-insulation waterproofing method, in which the bonding is carried out partially.

Among these methods, the "insulation waterproofing method" is used because the waterproof layer is not fixed on the entire surface, so the external force is received by the entire waterproof layer in the unfixed part, so the external force applied to the waterproof layer is not concentrated locally, so it is suitable for waterproofing. It is known as an excellent waterproofing method because it is less prone to breakage of the waterproof layer due to cracks that occur on the surface or vibrations that occur at the joints of the one-plate base material.

In addition, for those using flexible polyvinyl chloride resin or chlorosulfonated polyethylene waterproof sheets,
A special insulating and waterproofing method called the ``Floating Stretching Method'' has been proposed.

This ``floating and pasting method'' usually uses a water-like method. This is done by simply placing a cushioning sheet on the surface to be waterproofed without using adhesive or other bonding means, and then marking the top surface of the cushioning sheet to attach fixing fittings at regular intervals. Assign positions for mounting metal fittings. Thereafter, the fixing metal fittings are fixed at the allocated positions using metal screws from above the buffer sheet, and only the upper surface of the waterproof sheet and the fixing metal fittings are joined using an adhesive. Further, adjacent waterproof sheets are bonded to each other using an adhesive while keeping the overlapping width constant.

The buffer sheet is used to prevent local external forces from acting on the waterproof sheet due to the protrusions on the surface to be waterproofed, and is usually made of a foamed polyethylene sheet with a thickness of about 1 to 2 inches. The fixing metal fittings to be installed on top of the buffer sheet are made of steel and have a band shape of 40 to 80 m in width and a length of 1.5 to 3 m, and a disc type of steel with a diameter of 60 to 100 cm. 5 to 1.5 cm is usually used, and the strip-shaped ones are attached to the periphery of the surface to be waterproofed, the adjacent entry lines, the exit corner lines, and the fixing metal fittings. A disk-shaped fixing metal fitting attached to the edge of the tarpaulin sheet is sometimes used in conjunction with a band-shaped fixing metal fitting, and it can be used in conjunction with a belt-shaped fixing metal fitting to attach a 30 am It is fixed at intervals of ~8001. The method for joining the waterproof sheet and the fixing metal fittings is as follows: (a) Spread the rolled waterproof sheet over the surface to be waterproofed, sequentially apply adhesive to the top surface of the fixing metal fittings, and then attach the waterproof sheet on top of it. (b) After attaching the fixing fittings to the surface to be waterproofed with screws, etc., and spreading the waterproof sheet over the entire surface to be waterproofed, apply a low-viscosity adhesive to the waterproof sheet that is in contact with the fixing fittings. In this method, the needle of a syringe filled with water is inserted, and an adhesive is injected between the fixing metal fitting and the waterproof sheet to press them together. The adhesive used is one that matches the materials of the tarpaulin sheet and the surface material of the fixing metal fittings, but solvent welding or heat welding such as soft polyvinyl chloride resin or chlorosulfonated polyethylene is used. In the case of a tarpaulin sheet made of a material that can be bonded, as shown in Figure 1, if a sheet of the same quality as the tarpaulin sheet is laminated on the top surface of the fixing bracket in advance, solvent welding or heat welding is possible. It is possible to join waterproof sheets together using this method, and it is used relatively often.

As mentioned above, the "Floating Paste Method" not only can fully accommodate the movement of the surface to be waterproofed, but since the waterproof sheet is not directly adhered to the surface to be waterproofed, it is necessary to carefully monitor the type, shape, and moisture content of the surface to be waterproofed during construction. It can be applied regardless of the level of water (concrete wet condition), and it can be applied to
It is said to be an excellent construction method because it prevents the waterproof layer from blistering due to the evaporation and expansion of moisture contained in concrete (for example, concrete).

However, the following difficulties have been pointed out with the "floating and pasting method". If method (a) is used to connect the above-mentioned fixing bracket and waterproof sheet, screw hole 1 of the fixing bracket
The shape of the waterproof sheet is as shown in Figure 1, and it is fixed to the base with almost no degree of freedom, so unless you are an expert, it is difficult to join the sheet and the fixing fittings without causing wrinkles in the waterproof sheet. These wrinkles, which have a high possibility of causing damage, end up unevenly distributing stress inside the waterproof sheet, and this uneven distribution of internal stress has the disadvantage of accelerating the deterioration of the waterproof layer over a long period of time. This poses problems not only in terms of aesthetics but also in terms of the durability of the waterproof layer. In addition, method (b) above is a method designed to prevent the waterproof sheet from wrinkling during construction, but in this case, the state of the adhesive injection cannot be visually confirmed, making it difficult to check whether the adhesive is being injected properly. In addition, the injection needle may cause damage to the waterproof sheet, and the damage must be sealed by additional means. In addition, even if the scratches are repaired with a sealant, the scratches will become weak points in the waterproof layer, and if the waterproof sheet is stretched for a long period of time due to local external forces such as cracks in the base that occur after installation, the damage will become weak. There is a risk that the tarpaulin sheet will break due to scratches, and the durability of the waterproof layer will also be affected.

Furthermore, no matter which of the above-mentioned means of joining the waterproof sheet and the fixing metal fittings is used, marking is required to allocate the mounting position of the fixing metal fittings.

This marking process is very complicated even if the construction is carried out in windless conditions, and the work load is significantly reduced.

Additionally, if you try to work in a slight wind, the wind will blow up the buffer sheet, making it very difficult to mark.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned difficulties of the existing "floating and pasting method". This provides an insulating waterproofing method that can be fixed to the surface to be waterproofed without causing any damage, and the formed waterproof layer does not break and maintains high waterproof performance over a long period of time. In addition, (1) it provides an insulation and waterproofing method that can be constructed without having to perform the extremely complicated work of inking.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The insulating waterproofing method of the present invention simply places a perforated buffer sheet in which holes are pre-drilled at regular intervals on the surface to be waterproofed without using adhesive or other bonding means. After that, for example, place the sliding joint metal fittings described below in the holes of the perforated buffer sheet,
Attach the perforated buffer sheet to the waterproof substrate using screws from above. After that, the waterproof sheet is placed on top of the sliding fitting, and while maintaining the relationship that the adjacent tarpaulin sheets overlap with each other at a constant width, the top surface of the waterproof sheet and the sliding fitting is coated with adhesive, solvent, or hot air. Connect and tension. Next, the overlapping portions of adjacent waterproof sheets are joined in the same manner to form two large waterproof layers that cover the surface to be waterproofed.

In the insulation waterproofing method of the present invention, it is important that the metal piece is fixed so that it can slide freely in any horizontal direction.
This allows the waterproof sheet to expand and contract more freely than the conventional floating construction method, making it possible to prevent stress from occurring.

That is, the slidable joint fitting for a waterproof sheet of the present invention has the following features:
(A) A joint body with a central recess provided in the center of the metal piece and a central opening provided further in the center of the recess, and (B) a central recess of the joint body. It is characterized by being small in size and consisting of a washer with a screw hole in the center and a screw (C).

As described above, one specific joining fitting for making the metal piece slidable in any horizontal direction is the slide-type joining fitting described below.

This slide-type joint fitting has a main body (Fig. 2),
It consists of a washer (Fig. 3) and a screw, and when it is fixed to the base as shown in Fig. 4, only the main body of the joining fitting, which corresponds to the metal piece, can slide horizontally. be.

The main body of the joint (Fig. 2) and the washer (Fig. 3) can be made of general-purpose metals such as stainless steel plates, aluminum plates, and anti-rust treated steel plates, but it is also possible to use the same type of metal for corrosion protection. It is preferable to use

Furthermore, in consideration of the later joining with the waterproof sheet, it is desirable to form a layer made of the same material as the waterproof sheet on the surface of the joining fitting main body.

As for the shape of the joint body, it is advantageous to have a disc shape since there is no directionality in the width of the joint after which it can be slid, but any shape such as a polygon can also be used. The central part of the joint body is preferably recessed in a circular shape, and the central recessed part 8
A central opening 9, preferably circular, is provided in the center. Here, the shape of the central recessed portion and the central opening may be any shape such as a polygon. It is also possible to specify the movement direction of the joint body by making this shape into an elongated rectangle, but if the waterproof sheet is joined to the top surface of the sliding joint in a wrinkled state, the movement of the sliding joint will be difficult. To the extent possible, it is desirable to be able to move the tarpaulin in all directions horizontally for the purpose of moving the tarpaulin to eliminate wrinkles.

In this respect, a circular shape is preferable, and the depth of the central recessed portion is preferably approximately the same as the thickness of the perforated buffer sheet.

The washer (Fig. 3) has a downward convex portion lO in its center, and its material is preferably the same as that of the joint body.The thickness of the washer including the downward convex portion is: Set the washer and the head of the screw used for attachment so that it does not protrude beyond the main body of the joint, as shown in Figure 4.

This is to prevent the waterproof sheet from being damaged by washers and screws after the joining fittings and the waterproof sheet are joined together, and to ensure smooth movement of the joining fitting body in the horizontal direction. In Figure 3, the central part of the washer is recessed to form a downward convex part, and the head of the metal screw used for installation is prevented from protruding. There is no difference whatsoever as long as the screws do not protrude beyond the main body of the fitting.

The outer ends 13, 13' of the fitting body and the washer are preferably slightly curved downwards (see Figures 7 and 8). If the outer end 13' of the washer is curved, there is no risk of the waterproof sheet being damaged by the outer end, and if the outer end 13' of the washer is curved, the contact area between the washer and the fitting body becomes smaller, which reduces sliding. There is less resistance required for this purpose.

The size of the joint body and washer is shown in the figure below. The diameter of the central opening 9 of the joint body shown in FIG. 2 is larger than the diameter of the downward convex portion 10 of the washer shown in FIG. be smaller than the sum of the radii of the downward convex parts. In addition, by making the height of the convex part of the washer higher than the thickness of the joint metal fitting body, when the joint metal fitting is attached to the waterproof surface using anchor screws as shown in Fig. Allows free sliding in the horizontal direction.

In addition, the shaded area in Figure 2 is used for joining with the waterproof sheet, and this area is calculated by the adhesive strength per unit area obtained by the joining means used for joining and the multiplier of the area of the joining surface between the joining fittings and the surface to be waterproofed. It is reasonable and preferable to set the pull-out strength to be approximately the same as the pull-out strength of the screw used for attaching the metal fitting, and from this, the diameter of the joint body can be set.

It is preferable to coat the adhesive surface of the joint body with the waterproof sheet in advance with a resin that is convenient for adhesion with the waterproof sheet. If this treatment is applied, the coated part will be easily adhered to when the adhesive is applied. This is preferable because only the parts selectively adhere to the tarpaulin sheet and the other parts do not adhere, so the slide is smooth.

The sliding range of the joining fittings can be set based on the work accuracy when laying the tarpaulin sheet and the dimensional stability of the tarpaulin sheet after installation. The thickness of the joint body and the washer can be set to have mechanical strength comparable to the pull-out strength of the screw, which will be described later.

The screws used to install the sliding joint fittings may also be used with plastic curl plugs, but
In terms of workability, it is preferable to use screws that open the tips of the screws by hitting them with a hammer and are firmly fixed to the substrate.

When selecting the screw, it is necessary to pay attention to the pull-out strength against the base. If the pull-out strength is small, it is necessary to increase the number of slide-type joint fittings per unit area; if the pull-out strength is large, only a small number are required. However, as described above, if the diameter of the joint body is set based on the pull-out strength of the screws and the size of the joint is increased, it becomes difficult to join the joint to the waterproof sheet later.

From that point, the pull-out strength against the base of the screw is 100
Preferably, the weight is about 500 kgf to 500 kgf.

The perforated buffer sheet used in the insulation waterproofing method of the present invention is
It is only necessary to attach the above-mentioned sliding type fittings to the positions of the holes that have been drilled in advance, and the process of assigning positions can be omitted when attaching the fittings by marking.

There is no particular restriction on the material as long as no local external force is applied to the waterproof sheet due to the protrusions on the base. For example, a foamed polyethylene sheet or other synthetic polymeric foamed sheet with a reinforcing sheet such as woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, or plastic film laminated on one or both sides thereof can also be used.

The perforated buffer sheet has holes pre-drilled at regular intervals in both the width and length directions, or has notches cut into the shape of the holes so that it can be easily torn off and punched at the construction site. It is assumed that the state is In particular, the latter method is used by setting the number of sliding joint fittings according to the required adhesive strength between the target waterproof layer and the base, and cutting out the necessary number of holes. The portion to which the sliding joint is not attached is preferable in that it has the original buffering function. The distance between the holes may be different in the longitudinal and width directions, but it is usually 10
It is preferable to set it to 0-1000 na, preferably 300-800 m from the viewpoint of the wind pressure resistance of the waterproof sheet and the workability of attaching the joining fittings.

The size of the hole is larger than the moving range of the central recessed part 8 of the sliding type fitting (Fig. 2), and somewhat smaller than the outer diameter of the sliding type fitting. It is preferable that the horizontal movement is free on the buffer sheet and that the perforated buffer sheet is not blown away by the wind.

The purpose of the perforated buffer sheet is to prevent the waterproof sheet from being damaged by irregularities or protrusions on the base, and from that point of view, the thicker the better, but if it is too thick, it will be difficult to work and economically. Therefore, the thickness of the perforated buffer sheet is usually 1 to 10 mm, preferably 2 to 5 mm.
A thickness of about 1 is appropriate. The width of the perforated buffer sheet may be arbitrary, but it is preferable that it be an integral multiple of the hole spacing.
This is because the positions of the holes in adjacent perforated buffer sheets can be spaced at regular intervals.

In addition, although the perforated buffer sheet may be in the form of a plate, it is preferable to use it in a roll form from the viewpoint of workability during construction and transportation.From this point of view, the width should be 800 to 1200 m, and the length should be in the form of a roll. It is appropriate to use one with a winding diameter of 300 to 1200 mm.

(Example) Next, an example in which a flexible polyvinyl chloride resin sheet is used as a waterproof sheet will be outlined below with reference to FIG.

The materials prepared are as follows.

Waterproof sheet: Soft PVC sheet thickness 1,5
m, width 1.2 ml, length 1011 perforated buffer sheet: Foamed polyethylene sheet thickness 3 m, width 1.16 m, length 50 m Diameter at 2901111 positions from both ends at 300++e intervals in the longitudinal direction of the sheet An 80-inch hole with dashed cuts 11 as shown in Figure 6 (it is also possible to leave only two symmetrical places and cut the rest).

Sliding type joining fittings: Joining fitting body: 0.5-thick galvanized steel plate with a thickness of 0.8-
m-thick soft polyvinyl chloride coated, diameter 120m+, center recessed part diameter 55m, center opening diameter 26cm Washer: 0.8cm thick galvanized steel plate diameter 42-1
Convex diameter: 12 m, convex height: 3 ■ Screws: Drive-in anchor screws: Diameter: 6.5 m, Length: 39 m Adhesive: Solvent welding with tetrahydrofuran In this example, perforated buffer sheet was used in the first step. Place it on the surface to be waterproofed without overlapping the ends of 3 or using adhesives or other bonding means, and the end, entry corner, and exit corner can also be used with the conventional "floating pasting method". Fixed with regular PVC coated steel. After that, before entering the second process, one hole in the perforated buffer sheet is inserted in the longitudinal direction of the perforated buffer sheet.
A slide type joining fitting 4 is fixed to the base with a screw using a washer together with a washer in the hole part of the perforated buffer sheet which has been torn off every other piece. After that, in the third step, after the waterproof sheet 5 is joined to the top surface of the joining fittings by solvent welding, the overlap between adjacent waterproof sheets is 40 m.
I adjusted the tarpaulin sheet to match the width, and the adjustment was smooth as the fitting itself slid. Here, even if the waterproofing was wrinkled, the wrinkles could be removed by sliding the joint body. Thereafter, the overlapping parts of adjacent waterproof sheets were watertightly joined by solvent welding to form a waterproof layer.

(Functions and Effects) According to the insulating waterproofing method of the present invention, holes are pre-drilled at regular intervals in the perforated buffer sheet, and all that is required is to attach sliding joint fittings to the holes. It was possible to allocate the joining metal fittings without having to go through complicated processes, and work efficiency was greatly improved. Further, when joining the waterproof sheet and the joining fittings, even if the waterproof sheet were wrinkled, it could be easily corrected within the sliding range of the joining fitting body. For this reason, it is not necessary to use a method such as unrolling the tarpaulin, inserting a syringe needle filled with low-viscosity adhesive into the tarpaulin that is in contact with the fixing metal fittings, injecting the adhesive, and crimping. In addition, it was possible to apply the adhesive visually while unwinding the tarpaulin sheet, and to install the tarpaulin sheet without wrinkles. The waterproof layer formed according to the present invention maintains high waterproof performance over a long period of time.

As described above, according to the present invention, regardless of the condition or type of the surface to be waterproofed, a waterproof layer that is healthy and highly durable can be created without damaging the waterproof sheet and without requiring a high level of skill. It turned out that it was possible to obtain

Furthermore, it has been found that the following effects can be obtained by using the perforated buffer sheet used in this example. Generally, the magnitude of the force that tends to blow away the waterproof layer due to strong winds varies depending on the wind speed and the shape of the roof.

Further, the adhesion strength of the waterproof layer to the base is sufficient as long as it is not blown away by strong winds.

By using the perforated buffer sheet used in this example, the work of tearing off and drilling holes at the construction site can be done, for example, every other piece, to reduce the number of joining metal fittings per unit area. It becomes possible to easily adjust the number of pieces. Through this adjustment, the adhesive strength of the waterproof sheet to the base can be adjusted, and it becomes possible to easily provide an adhesive strength suitable for the building and site. In addition, with the perforated buffer sheet of this example, the holes in the parts where the joining metal fittings are not attached are not torn out, and the original buffer function is maintained.
It has been found that it is possible to place a waterproof sheet on top of this, and that a sound waterproof layer can be formed more easily.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 (A is a perspective view, B is a sectional view) is an example of a disc-shaped fixing metal fitting used in the conventional floating construction method, and Figure 2 (A is a perspective view, B is a sectional view) FIG. 3 shows an example of the joint metal body used in the present invention (A is a perspective view;
B is a cross-sectional view) shows a washer used in conjunction with the attachment of the joint metal fitting body, and FIG. 4 shows an example of the state in which the joint metal fitting is attached. Further, FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an example of a perforated buffer sheet used in the present invention. Further, FIGS. 7 and 8 (A is a perspective view and B is a sectional view) are modifications of the joining metal body and washer shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. 1... Surface to be waterproofed 2... Screw 3... Perforated buffer sheet 4... Sliding type joining fitting 5... Waterproof sheet 6... Washer 7... Joining fitting body 8. ...Central recessed portion 9...Central opening 10...Washer convex portion 11...Score line
12... Screw hole 13. 13'... Outer end Patent applicant Tajima Roofing Co., Ltd. 4 times Horse 6 Figure Heron 2 times

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A buffer sheet is placed on the surface to be waterproofed, a metal piece is fixed on top of the buffer sheet using metal screws, and then the metal piece is In the sheet waterproofing method, which uses adhesive to attach metal pieces and waterproof sheets to the surface,
fixing the metal piece so that it can slide in any horizontal direction;
An insulation waterproofing construction method characterized by using a perforated buffer sheet in which holes are pre-drilled at predetermined positions as the buffer sheet. 2. (A) central recess provided in the central part of the metal piece;
(B) a washer having a smaller dimension than the central concave part of the joint body and having a screw hole in the center; C) A slidable joint fitting for a waterproof sheet, characterized by being made in combination with screws. 3. A cushioning sheet characterized in that it has a cutout hole at a predetermined position in which a cutout is inserted except for a very small portion.