JPH0762597B2 - Hot air generator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is applied to the case of incinerating materials having a large amount of water such as sludge and dregs, and further, in the process of producing compost using these materials, the heat generated in the high-temperature and high-humidity waste gas is generated. The present invention relates to a hot air generator for reusing energy.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is well known that, in the process of fermentation or incineration of a material having a large amount of moisture, heat is taken away by evaporation of moisture so that the incineration or fermentation does not proceed smoothly. For this reason, in the case of incineration, it is incinerated in a high-pressure pressure kiln to suppress the evaporation of water, or the sludge is dried in advance using combustion gas, or waste gas and supply air are mixed. I was taking measures by exchanging heat. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, a room 2 using a heat pump 1 is used for heat exchange.
There is a heating system. In this device, a refrigerant such as Freon is enclosed in a circulation circuit including a compressor 3 and a flocculator 4, and air is passed through the flocculator 4 by a blower 5 to send warm air to the room. When the humidity is high, a ventilation device may be used together.

[0003]

In the heat exchanger for waste gas and air described above, when the waste gas is used as the primary side of the heat exchanger and the air is used as the secondary side, they are simply contacted with each other. Then, as the output, air having a temperature higher than that of the waste gas cannot be obtained. Even if this secondary air is returned to the incinerator,
If the amount of heat generated by incineration is not so large, it is inevitable that the temperature of the waste gas will gradually decrease, and therefore it is difficult to incinerate sludge having a high water content. It should be noted that the use of CFC is expensive and uneconomical, and there is a problem of malfunction due to environmental damage and high and low temperatures.

The present invention provides a hot air generator for recovering thermal energy in waste gas and sending hot air to promote incineration and fermentation without using a catalyst such as Freon. The purpose is to

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, an air turbine is disposed inside the inner cylinder, and a turbo compression is provided at one end of the inner cylinder. A machine is provided, and an air supply pipe for supplying air to an incinerator or the like is connected to the one end side, and a blower pipe for flowing the waste gas discharged from the incinerator or the like is provided between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. It is characterized in that it is connected to the one end portion side of the waste gas flow channel formed therebetween. In the present invention, by handling the high temperature waste gas, the method of pressurizing the waste gas for heat exchange is not adopted, but the air is depressurized for heat exchange. In order to protect the heat exchanger, heat exchange is performed under atmospheric pressure while air and waste gas obtained from the atmosphere flow in opposite directions, and heat is exchanged while the air is depressurized. And a means for generating the gas to be sent is used. Also, a means is used in which the air turbine and the turbo compressor are linked to a common power source.

[0006]

With the above structure, first, the air sucked into the inner cylinder and the hot and humid waste gas that has advanced between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are heat-exchanged. The insufflation gas heated at this point proceeds inside, passes through the air turbine, and is decompressed and cooled. In this state, the waste gas is heated again. Furthermore, it is compressed using a turbo compressor to return to atmospheric pressure, and becomes dry hot air (air supply gas) having a temperature higher than that of the waste gas. It is uneconomical if steam condenses during depressurization because the temperature is less likely to drop, but since steam is preheated under atmospheric pressure before depressurization, steam does not condense. In addition, since the flow of the air supply gas and the flow of the waste gas are in opposite directions, the air supply gas is heated by the new waste gas that participates in the heat exchange for the first time at the final stage of heat exchange, and the temperature becomes almost equal to that of the waste gas. However, since the temperature further rises when it is compressed by the turbo compressor and returned to almost atmospheric pressure, the temperature of the obtained gas is always higher than that of the waste gas.

Of course, the temperature of the waste gas is a little higher than that of the outside air when it is released into the atmosphere because heat exchange is performed by the depressurized air and the atmospheric pressure air. In addition, in order to avoid freezing of water vapor, it must be above zero at the time of discharge, but since the calorific value of the insufflation gas is somewhat smaller than the waste gas,
Since 100% of the heat of waste gas is not recovered and there is heat generated by combustion and fermentation, some loss can be tolerated.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As an example, as shown in FIG. 2, a case where the hot air generator 6 is installed together with the incinerator 7 will be described. The incinerator 7 has a cylindrical drying chamber 7a, and a parabolic collision plate 8 is provided on the ceiling. At the focal point of the collision plate 8, a spattering ball 9 having a large number of holes uniformly formed in the upper half is installed. Further, in the lower part of the drying chamber 7a, a conical chute 1 having an outer peripheral edge fixed to the side wall and having a low center and a hole at the center is formed.
0 is provided, and a combustion block 11 having a barbed surface is provided at the central position. A conical shielding plate 12 is provided above the combustion block 11. The gradient between the chute 10 and the shield 12 is made large enough for the dry powder to slip off. A burner 13 is provided around the combustion block 11. This calorific value is made sufficiently larger than the calorific value due to the combustion of sludge, and the area of the combustion block 11 is made as small as possible.

The mud ball 9 located on the ceiling of the incinerator 7 is connected to the mud feed pipe 14 and is connected to the mud feed pump 17 installed in the storage tank 16 of the mud feed device 15.

An intake ring 18 is provided on the upper peripheral wall of the incinerator 7, and is connected to the upper part of the water spray chamber 21 of the water spray device 20 via an intake pipe 19. The water sprinkling chamber 21 has a large number of water sprinkling pipes 22 in which a large number of holes are evenly opened upward, and the arc-shaped collision plate 2 is provided above each hole.
3 is installed. Further, the blower pipe 2 is provided below the sprinkling chamber 21.
4 is connected to one end, and the other end is opened to the flow path between the outer cylinder 25 and the inner cylinder 26 of the hot air generator 6, and a blower 27 is provided in the middle of the duct of the blower pipe 24.

On the other hand, an air supply ring 28 is provided on the lower peripheral wall of the drying chamber 7a of the incinerator 7, and an air supply ring 29 is provided on the lower surface of the inner edge of the chute 10 below the air supply ring 28. The air supply ring 28 is connected to the air supply pipe 30, and the air supply ring 29 is connected to the air supply pipe 30 via an air volume control valve 31. Then, the air supply pipe 30 of the inner cylinder 26 penetrating the inside of the outer cylinder 25,
It is connected to the side to which the blower pipe 24 is attached, and the other end of the inner cylinder 26 is open to the atmosphere.

Next, the structure of the hot air generator 6 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, a hollow spiral heat absorbing ring 32 is continuously provided on the outer circumference of the inner cylinder 26, and the spiral fin 3 is also provided between the mountain side of the heat absorbing ring 32 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 25.
3 is fixed. The spiral baffle plate 3 is provided between the core 34 and the valley side of the heat absorbing ring 32 (the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 26).
5 is fixed. Then, one end branched from the drain pipe 36 is opened in each section of the bottom of the outer cylinder 25 divided by the fins 33, and the other end of the drain pipe 36 is opened near the bottom surface of the drain tank 37. The water depth of 37 is made sufficiently large according to the atmospheric pressure in the outer cylinder 25. Further, an air turbine 38 is arranged in the middle of the inner cylinder 26, and a turbo compressor 39 is provided at the end, and they are projected to the outside with their rotation axes being coaxial, and these are one motor 40 and a transmission. Four
It is connected to 1.

The degree of decompression by the air turbine 38 is determined from the temperature of the air supply which allows sludge or the like to burn without the need for fuel, and the position of the air turbine 38 is determined by such decompression. As far as the water vapor in the air does not condense, it is placed as upstream as possible. Further, it goes without saying that a heat insulating material is applied to a portion of each of the above devices that is in contact with the outside air.

Next, the operation will be described. First, the air generated by the hot air generator 6 (hereinafter, referred to as air supply gas) is sent into the incinerator 7 and mixed with the combustion gas generated in the incinerator 7 to mix with the hot and humid air of 100 degrees or more ( Hereinafter referred to as waste gas). The waste gas flows from the intake ring 18 through the intake pipe 19 into the water spray chamber 21 of the water spray device 20. In the water spray chamber 21, the soot and smoke in the waste gas are washed away by the water droplets that have become fine and have hit the collision plate through the holes of the water spray pipe 22. The cleaned waste gas reduces fouling of the hot air generator 6 and does not cause the problem of air pollution due to soot. In addition, in the drying chamber 7a of the incinerator 7, the temperature of the waste gas becomes 100 degrees or more in order to surely dry the sludge instantaneously as described below.
In the sprinkling chamber 21, the heat is taken away by the evaporation of the water and the temperature becomes 100 degrees or less, so that the handling becomes easy.

The blown gas is sent from the hot air generator 6 to the incinerator 7. In the hot air generator 6, the outside air is the turbo compressor 3.
9 is sucked into the inner cylinder 26, and the air that has entered the inner cylinder 26 circulates along the baffle plate 35 and flows. The waste gas flows from the opposite direction while circulating along the fins 33 in the outer cylinder 25, and transfers heat to the gas to be sent through the inner cylinder 26 and the heat absorbing ring 32.

Now, the limit of heat recovery from waste gas will be described. As described above, while the air is heated, the heated waste gas is cooled, but as the steam generated in the drying chamber 7a of the incinerator 7 and the sprinkling chamber 21 is cooled, the latent heat of vaporization is condensed. After being discharged, it becomes sensible heat again and the waste gas becomes difficult to cool, which is effective in heating the gas to be sent. As a result, even if the temperature of the waste gas becomes low, there is no effect on the heating of the gas to be fed.
If the temperature of the waste gas when released into the atmosphere is equal to that of the outside air, 100% of the heat of the waste gas has been recovered.

When the waste gas is released into the atmosphere, in order to effectively perform the heat exchange to the end, the waste gas and the outside air when the heat exchange is finished and released from the end of the outer cylinder 25 into the atmosphere. It is necessary that the temperature difference between and is sufficient and that the water vapor in the waste gas does not freeze. For example, assuming a case where the temperature of the outside air is about 10 degrees below zero, the temperature difference between the waste gas and the outside air is ten and several degrees. Therefore, the calorific value of the waste gas is 100
Percentage recovery is impossible and some loss is inevitable. Therefore, the calorific value of the air supply gas is slightly smaller than that of the waste gas, but the heat loss quantity thereof is decreased by increasing the degree of decompression described later to increase the temperature of the air supply gas and reduce the air volume.

Returning to the description of the hot air generator 6. The insufflation gas preheated at the inlet of the inner cylinder 26 passes through the air turbine 38. At this time, power is taken out and the air turbine 38
Since the turbo compressor 39 and the turbo compressor 39 are connected to the same transmission 41, the output of the motor 40 that drives the turbo compressor 39 can be reduced. Further, as described above, since the residual heat is preliminarily taken into consideration in consideration of the degree of decompression, the steam in the insufflation gas is condensed, the latent heat of vaporization is released, and the efficiency of the temperature decrease due to the decompression becomes worse. Absent. Further, the waste gas that has just entered the outer cylinder 25 and has not cooled at all can be heated up to about 100 degrees. Finally,
Since it is returned to the atmospheric pressure after passing through the turbo compressor 39, the temperature of the gas to be sent to the incinerator 7 through the gas pipe 30 becomes a temperature far exceeding 100 degrees.

In order to understand the effect of the above heat pump, the operation related to the incinerator 7 will be described below. The sludge jumping out of the upper half hole of the sludge ball 9 hits the parabolic collision plate 8 and is broken into small water droplets, which is dried in the drying chamber 7a.
Although it falls almost vertically inside, the combustion gas and the air supply ring 28
Since the hot air blown out from the bottom blows up from below, the water instantly evaporates and becomes only solids. The solid content descends on the chute 10 and the shielding plate 12, and finally both slide down from the inner edge of the chute 10 and the air volume is appropriately adjusted by the air blowing control valve 7a, and the solid content is blown out from the air blowing ring 29 at the lower edge. Riding in a breeze, they are collected in the burned combustion block 11 and burned. Moreover, since the air volume is appropriately adjusted as described above, the combustion block 11 is not cooled by air, the size of the combustion block 11 is appropriately reduced, and the combustion is performed so that heat does not escape. Since the portion is covered with the shielding plate 12, the temperature of the portion around the combustion block 11 is extremely high, so that the combustion proceeds smoothly. In this way, drying and burning can be done in one step,
This is impossible without the hot air generator 6 that can generate hot air of a hundred and several tens of degrees.

Further, as described above, the amount of heat of the gas to be sent is slightly smaller than that of the waste gas, but since the amount of heat loss is compensated by the combustion generated in the incinerator 7, the combustion is continued. Of course, at the start of combustion, it is necessary to heat with the burner 13, but since the calorific value of the burner 13 is made sufficiently larger than the calorific value due to the incineration of sludge as described above, the air is gradually fed. The temperature of the gas rises and soon the normal operating condition as described above is reached.

Next, the discharging action of the condensed water generated in the outer cylinder 25 will be described. Although the positive pressure is slightly inside the outer cylinder 25, the water level inside the drainage pipe 36 is slightly lower than that inside the drainage tank 37 in opposition to this, and the water depth of the drainage tank 37 is as described above. Since it is made sufficiently large, the waste gas does not blow out from the drain pipe 36. Further, most of the power energy required in the pressurizing process is recovered in the depressurizing process, so that the power source can be saved.

[0022]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the present invention is constructed as described above, the thermal energy of waste gas of high temperature and high humidity which is generated in large quantities is recovered to generate the gas of high temperature and low humidity. It can be reused in a field that requires a large amount of fuel due to its high water content, and fuel can be saved. Also, the loss of heat recovery is very small,
When installed in an incinerator, etc., the temperature of the gas to be sent is much higher than that of the waste gas, and since the humidity is low, the gas to be sent can be used as it is, and sludge etc. can be instantly dried and incinerated. You can let me do it.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a hot air generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of a hot air generator installed in an incinerator that incinerates sludge.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a conventional heat pump.

[Explanation of sign]

 7 ... Incinerator 24 ... Blower pipe 25 ... Outer cylinder 26 ... Inner cylinder 30 ... Air pipe 38 ... Air turbine 39 ... Turbo compressor

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, an air turbine is arranged inside the inner cylinder, a turbo compressor is arranged at one end of the inner cylinder, and the turbo compressor is sent to an incinerator or the like at the one end. An air supply pipe for the air supply gas to be connected is connected, and a blower pipe for flowing the waste gas discharged from the incinerator is connected to the one end side of the waste gas flow path formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. A hot air generator characterized in that.