JPH0759469A - Sheet for plant culture pot - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prepare a sheet useful for processing into plant-raising pots which hold strengths capable of resisting against sprayed water and water in soil for required periods, can reduce the number of times of additional manurings to transplanted and cultured plants, save labors for the cultivation of the plants, improve the efficiency of works, and are suitable for raising plants in the pots used for transplantation, transferring the plant-raised pots as such into pots, planters, a field or a bare garden, and subsequently culturing the plants. CONSTITUTION:This sheet for the plant culture pots is produced by coating a support sheet containing plant fibers as a main raw material with a coating solution containing an adhesive and chemical fertilizers and subsequently drying the coated coating solution to form a slow-acting chemical fertilizer layer on the support sheet. The sheet is useful as a material for processing into the pots for germinating, raising and culturing the plants.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a material sheet which is processed into a pot for cultivation such as germination, seedling raising and transplanting of a plant, and in particular, seedlings are raised in a transplanting pot and directly used in pots or planters or fields or garden fields. The present invention relates to a sheet for plant cultivation pot suitable for transplanting and cultivation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a plant is sowed with seeds and sprinkled with water for germination. Then, when the true leaves have grown to 2-3, they are transplanted to a seedling-growing pot made of plastic, paper, or fiber mold, and fertilized and sprinkled for cultivation. Depending on the type of plant, sowing and raising seedlings are also cultivated in the same pot. When the roots are fully grown, take out the seedlings from the pot if they are made of plastic, and if they are made of paper, leave them in the pots and transplant them into pots or planters or fields or garden fields to further fertilize or water them. And cultivate.

As described above, since the plastic pot does not decompose in the soil for a long period of time and prevents the roots from growing, it is necessary to take out the seedlings from the pot for transplantation and transplant them. At this time, there has been a drawback that the work efficiency is lowered due to the troublesome work of taking out the roots which have started to grow so as not to damage them, the work of feeding the fertilizer after transplantation, and the work of discarding the pot.

Further, even if the pot made of paper or the like is transplanted to the soil as it is, it is decomposed by the microorganisms in the soil so that there is no problem in root elongation, but it is still necessary to apply fertilizer after transplanting. .

When a plant grown in a seedling raising pot or a transplant pot is transplanted from the pot, in order to save the labor of additional fertilization to apply fertilizer along with the growth of the plant, it is practiced to apply the original fertilizer in advance and then transplant and cultivate it. . Then, in order to omit the work of applying the fertilizer, a sheet in which oil lees are made into paper (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 2)
-111684) and a sheet obtained by applying a chitosan to a natural pulp sheet (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2303/1990).

The former sheet containing oil cake has a weak strength and cannot be used as a pot sheet. In the latter case, the sheet coated with chitosan causes microbial decomposition of chitosan in the soil and acts as a nitrogen nutrient source for plants. However, the three elements of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium are necessary for the growth of plants, and nitrogen alone is not sufficient as a fertilizer for growing plants like chitosan, and it requires additional fertilization. There is. In this way, each has its drawbacks at present,
It is expected to have a pot for plant cultivation that does not require much labor for plant cultivation.

[0007]

The object of the present invention is a sheet used for pot processing for plant cultivation, and in particular, the pot can maintain the strength to withstand watering and moisture in the soil for a required period and can reduce the number of additional fertilizers. (EN) Provided is a sheet for pots for plant cultivation, in which work efficiency is improved and plant cultivation is easy.

[0008]

The present invention relates to a sheet for pots for plant cultivation used as a material for processing into a pot for cultivating plants, in which a support sheet containing plant fiber as a main material is provided with an adhesive and a chemical fertilizer. It is a sheet for plant cultivation pot, characterized in that the coating liquid contained therein is applied and dried to form a slow-acting fertilizer layer.

[0009]

The plant fiber, which is the main raw material used in the support sheet in the present invention, may be any that can be decomposed by the action of microorganisms in the soil after a required fixed period of time, for example, wood pulp fiber made from hardwood or softwood, Examples include non-wood pulp fibers made from cotton, kenaf, bagasse, and the like. Examples of the pulping method include a mechanical pulping method, a chemi-mechanical pulping method, a semi-chemical pulping method, and a chemical pulping method. In addition, recycled pulp made from waste paper is also included, and these are appropriately selected and used according to the intended quality.

The support is produced by using a plant fiber as a main raw material and molding it with a molding machine such as a long-mesh, a short-mesh, a slanted-mesh, or a cylinder, or a paper machine combining these, to form a support sheet. Since this support has good air permeability, it has the characteristic of preventing root rot of plants. At this time, the main raw material of the plant fiber is a filler, a sizing agent, a wet and dry strength improver, a band,
Retention aids, preservatives, dyes and other auxiliaries are appropriately selected and added according to the desired quality. Paper of about 20-200 g / m ² is generally used, but as a sheet other than paper, for example, a thick sheet or a thinner sheet made by a special cylinder or the like,
Alternatively, a sheet in which a net-like sheet is laminated or an inner layer is reinforced on these sheets is also used, and in this case, a sheet having a wider range of tsubo is also used. In addition, as a raw material used for this reinforcement, a substance other than plant fiber may be used as an auxiliary raw material as needed.

In particular, the wet and dry strength improvers are preferably added in order to be able to withstand breakage due to water spray or impact. As the wet strength improver, for example, polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin, polyamide-polyamine-epichlorohydrin resin, epoxy resin such as epoxidized polyamine resin, melamine-formaldehyde resin,
Formaldehyde-based resins such as urea-formaldehyde resin and polyethyleneimine may be mentioned. Examples of the dry strength improver include starches, gums, cellulose derivatives, polyacrylamide and the like.

In the case of a paper machine, an adhesive such as starch, casein, cellulose derivative, polyvinyl alcohol, synthetic resin, etc. is used with a size press or coater attached thereto so as to withstand destruction by sprinkling or impact. It is also possible to coat and impregnate.

In the present invention, a slow-acting fertilizer layer is formed on the support sheet by applying a coating solution containing an adhesive and a chemical fertilizer on the support sheet and drying it. In the present invention, the chemical fertilizer is used because the chemical fertilizer has a higher concentration of fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium than organic fertilizers such as compost, chicken dung, and oil cake, and the component ratio is appropriately selected depending on the type of plant. This is because it is easy to do. As chemical fertilizers, nitrogenous substances such as ammonium sulfate and urea, phosphoric substances such as lime superphosphate and iodine phosphate, fertilizers such as potassium sulfate and potassium chloride, or compound fertilizers (compost, chicken manure, Mixtures with organic fertilizers such as oil cake are also included).

These chemical fertilizers are soluble in water and acid, and have the advantage that they are dissolved by water sprinkling, water in soil or organic acids in soil and absorbed from plant roots to become nutrients. However, since chemical fertilizers are easily soluble, when a large amount of chemical fertilizers is given at one time, the salt concentration of the solution in the soil rises and the plants wither, a phenomenon called so-called manure burning occurs and the growth is deteriorated. Will end up. Therefore, it is important to apply the chemical fertilizer little by little, that is, to increase the number of additional fertilizers.

It is preferable as a method of giving a chemical fertilizer that a chemical fertilizer having such properties can be held on the support sheet for a necessary period of time and gradually acted as a fertilizer from there. Therefore, the present inventor has variously studied, and by applying a coating liquid containing an adhesive and a chemical fertilizer to a support sheet and drying it to form a delayed-acting fertilizer layer on the support sheet, thereby obtaining the desired effect. It was found that That is, the effect of holding the chemical fertilizer on the support sheet for a necessary period of time and gradually working it as a fertilizer in accordance with the growth of cultivated seedlings and the growth of roots was obtained. The reason for this effect of gradually acting as fertilizer is that the adhesive partially covers the surface of the chemical fertilizer, reduces the surface area of the fertilizer that comes into contact with water and organic acids, and dissolves only that contact area. Therefore, it is presumed that when the root extends near the inner wall of the pot, it gradually works as fertilizer.

Coating the chemical fertilizer with an adhesive-free coating liquid system,
Although the chemical fertilizer permeates into the support sheet in the dried sheet, since there is no adhesive effect between the chemical fertilizer and the support sheet, the chemical fertilizer is removed from the support sheet during the pot processing of this sheet. Leaves. Further, since some of the remaining chemical fertilizers are easily soluble, most of the chemical fertilizers are dissolved and washed away by sprinkling water several times, and the desired long-term effect cannot be obtained.

Depending on the type of plant, the coating amount of the chemical fertilizer varies depending on the type of plant, ranging from a short cultivation period of 1 month to a long cultivation period of 24 months. The coating amount is preferably 10 g / m ² or more. If it is less than 10 g / m ^2, it has an effect on only some plants, and if it is applied to other plants, it has a drawback that the frequency of additional fertilization increases. On the other hand, the upper limit of the coating amount of chemical fertilizer is not particularly limited, but the general range of the coating process is 1
It is good to set the limit to about 00 g / m ² .

The chemical fertilizer coating liquid is a state in which the chemical fertilizer is dissolved or dispersed in water, and examples of the adhesive agent include starches, gums, cellulose derivatives, casein, polyvinyl alcohol, latex, or a mixture thereof. For example, depending on the type of plant, it is appropriately selected according to the cultivation period. The amount of the adhesive added is 1 to 50% by weight based on the solid content of the chemical fertilizer.

If necessary, a water resistant agent is added to the coating liquid to adjust the degree of elution of the fertilizer in the slow-acting fertilizer layer.
Examples of the water-proofing agent include resins having a methylol group such as urea-formaldehyde resin, melamine-formaldehyde resin, polyamide polyurea-formaldehyde resin or lower alkylated products thereof, formaldehyde and its generation products, glyoxal, dialdehyde starch. , A cyclic urea-glyoxal reaction product, a resin having an aldehyde group such as an acrylamide-glyoxal reaction product copolymer, glycerin diglycidyl ether, a resin having an epoxy group or a chlorhydrin group such as a polyamide-epoxy resin, a polyethyleneimine resin, and the like. Examples thereof include polyvalent metal salts such as aluminum salts, potassium pyroantimonate and zirconium salts.

In addition to the above-mentioned adhesive, chemical fertilizer and waterproofing agent in the coating liquid, if necessary, an inorganic organic pigment,
A soil, a soil conditioner, a fungicide, an antiseptic, a nutrient and the like can be appropriately added.

The aqueous coating liquid of the mixture containing the adhesive and the chemical fertilizer is prepared by using a general stirrer or a mixer. Then, the method for coating the support sheet is a die coater, a bar coater, a brush coater, an air knife coater, a blade coater, a curtain coater, a roll coater, a gravure coater, a spray coater, or the like on both sides of the support. Apply on one side and dry. What is coated on both sides is processed into a connection type pot, and both sides of the sheet become the inner surface of the pot. The product coated on one side can be processed into a pot of pot type and printed on the back side, for example, how to use and notes can be printed, and even if it is touched with bare hands, chemical fertilizer will not be attached to the hand. Has the advantage that

The thus-obtained sheet for pots for plant cultivation is pot-processed and used as a pot for raising seedlings or a pot for transplanting, which saves labor at the time of transplantation and fertilization without disturbing the growth of plants. However, the work efficiency of cultivation can be improved.

Since this sheet is a slow-acting fertilizer sheet, it can be used in the same manner as the original fertilizer. In this case, it may be in the form of shards, lumps or granules in a suitable size.

[0024]

The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, but the invention is not limited thereto. In addition,% and part in an example show weight% and a weight part, respectively. Also,%
Is for all dry pulp.

Example 1 [Support] 70 parts of recycled pulp [Canadian Standard Freeness (hereinafter referred to as csf) = 250 ml] made from recycled newspaper, and NBKP (csf = 50)
(0 ml) in a mixed pulp slurry consisting of 30 parts, rosin size (SPE; Arakawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 0.5%, sulfuric acid band 2.0%, epoxy group-containing wet strength improver (W
S-570; manufactured by Japan PMC Co., Ltd.) 1.0%, respectively, and then papermaking with a Fourdrinier paper machine and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA217; with a size press machine attached to the paper machine).
An aqueous solution (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) was size-pressed to a dry solid content of 1.0 g / m ² to obtain a support sheet having a basis weight of 70 g / m ² .

[Coating liquid] Urea 20 parts, ammonium sulfate 10 parts, superphosphate 30 parts, iodine phosphate 27.45 parts, potassium sulfate 6 parts, potassium chloride 4 parts, magnesium sulfate 2 parts, sulfuric acid first A mixture of 0.5 part of iron and 0.05 part of manganese sulfate was added to a styrene-butadiene copolymer latex (SN-307;
10 parts by Sumitomo Nogatac Co., Ltd.) was added, and then water was added and mixed by stirring to obtain a coating liquid having a concentration of 30%.

[Coating] The above coating solution is coated ^{twice on} one side of the above-mentioned support using a bar coater so that the dry weight is 20 g / m ^2, and dried to obtain a sheet for plant cultivation pot. Obtained.

[Pot Processing and Cultivation] The above-mentioned sheet for plant cultivation pot was processed into a transplant pot (the coated surface was on the inside) having a shape similar to that of a No. 3 polyethylene pot. The potting pot was filled with soil containing 60% by volume of red ball soil and 40% by volume of mulch soil, and periwinkle plant that had been cultivated for 2 weeks after germination was transplanted,
After being sprinkled with water every day for 2.5 months and cultivated, they were transplanted to the open field as pots. It was sprinkled every day and cultivated for 3 months. As a result, the fertilizer was not detached during the processing of the transplant pot, and periwinkle was satisfactorily grown without additional fertilization, and flowering continued for 3 months.

Example 2 [Support] A rosin size (SPE) was added to a mixed pulp slurry consisting of 100 parts of NBKP (csf = 500 ml).
0.5%, sulfuric acid band 2.0%, wet strength improver (WS
-570) 1.0%, respectively, and then papermaking with a Fourdrinier paper machine to obtain a support sheet having a basis weight of 70 g / m ² .

[Coating liquid] Urea 30 parts, ammonium sulfate 10 parts, superphosphate 20 parts, iodine phosphorus fertilizer 30 parts, potassium sulfate 6 parts,
A mixture of 4 parts of potassium chloride, 10 parts of oxidized starch (Ace A; manufactured by Oji Konstarch Co., Ltd.), and a styrene-butadiene copolymer latex (SN-307; manufactured by Sumitomo Nogatak Co., Ltd.) 1
0 parts was added, then water was added, and the mixture was stirred and mixed to give a concentration of 4
A 0% coating liquid was obtained.

[Coating] The above coating solution is coated on one side of the above-mentioned support sheet twice using a bar coater so as to have a dry weight of 50 g / m ^2. Got

[Pot Processing and Cultivation] The above-mentioned sheet for plant cultivation pot was processed into a transplant pot having a similar shape to the No. 3 polyethylene pot (the coated surface was on the inside). Put the potting medium containing 60% by volume of Akatama soil and 40% by volume of mulch into the transplanting pot, transplant the pansies cultivated for 3 weeks after germination, sprinkle with water every day for 2 months, and after transplanting, leave the pot as it is in the open field. did. It was sprinkled every day and cultivated for 6 months. As a result, the fertilizer was not detached during the processing of the transplant pot, and the pansies grew smoothly without additional fertilization, and flowering continued for 6 months.

Example 3 [Support] A support sheet having a basis weight of 70 g / m ² was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2.

[Coating liquid] Urea 30 parts, ammonium sulfate 10 parts, superphosphate 20 parts, iodine phosphorus fertilizer 30 parts, potassium sulfate 6 parts,
A mixture of 4 parts of potassium chloride, 20 parts of oxidized starch (Ace A; manufactured by Oji Konstarch Co., Ltd.), and a styrene-butadiene copolymer latex (SN-307; manufactured by Sumitomo Nogatak Co., Ltd.) 5
Parts, and 2 parts of a waterproofing agent (Epinox P-800; manufactured by Dick Hercules) were added, and then water was added and mixed by stirring to obtain a coating liquid having a concentration of 50%.

[Coating] The above coating liquid is applied to the above-mentioned support sheet twice on each side using a bar coater so that the dry weight per side is 50 g / m ^2. A sheet for cultivation pot was obtained.

[Pot Processing and Cultivation] The above-mentioned sheet for plant cultivation pot was processed into a connection type transplant pot of 5 cm square × 5 cm height. 60% by volume of red ball soil and 40% by volume of mulch soil was added to the transplant pot, and seeds of carnation coat were sown using a perforated seeder, and for 2 months,
After watering and cultivating every day, the pots were separated one by one and transplanted as they were to the open field. Watered daily and cultivated for 13 months. As a result, when processing the transplant pot, there was no separation of fertilizer, and carnation flowered and grew smoothly without additional fertilizer.

Comparative Example 1 [Support] A support sheet having a basis weight of 70 g / m ² was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Coating Liquid] Urea 20 parts, ammonium sulfate 10 parts, superphosphate 30 parts, iodine phosphorus fertilizer 27.45 parts, potassium sulfate 6 parts, potassium chloride 4 parts, magnesium sulfate 2 parts, sulfuric acid first Water was added to a mixture of 0.5 part of iron and 0.05 part of manganese sulfate and mixed by stirring to obtain a coating liquid having a concentration of 30%.

[Coating] The above coating liquid was coated on one surface of the above support twice using a bar coater so that the dry weight was 20 g / m ^2, and dried to obtain a sheet.

[Pot Processing and Cultivation] In the same manner as in Example 1, the above-mentioned sheet was subjected to transplant pot processing and periwinkle cultivation. As a result, part of the fertilizer was released during the processing of the transplant pot, and there was a problem in pot processing. The periwinkle plant that had been transplanted and cultivated had poor growth and did not bloom.

[0041]

As is clear from the results of the examples, the transplanting pots pot-processed using the sheet for plant-growing pots of the present invention have no drawbacks when pot-processing, and sprinkle water or soil during the necessary period. While maintaining the strength to withstand the water content of the plant, it can be transplanted in the transplant pot without the hassle of additional fertilization, and the working efficiency is improved.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A plant cultivation pot sheet used as a material for processing a pot for cultivating a plant, wherein a support sheet containing plant fiber as a main material is coated with a coating liquid containing an adhesive and a chemical fertilizer. A sheet for a plant cultivation pot, which is characterized by being dried to form a delayed-acting fertilizer layer. 2. The coating amount of chemical fertilizer is 10 as a dry solid content.
The sheet for a plant cultivation pot according to claim 1, which has a g / m ² or more.