JPH07507114A - Wave energy dissipation device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Title of invention: Wave energy dissipation device Technical field of invention The present invention also relates to a device for dissipating wave energy in the sea or other bodies of water. , which determines the wave height and wave field velocity, as well as the wave erel. Reduces ghee reflection.

Sakihigi plate Gosenho Most of the work that has been done in this area has focused on reducing beach and coastline erosion. It seems that he has been worried about this. This invention allows the sea to clear when a severe storm occurs. It was developed to reduce the general damage caused along coastlines.

Considerable work has been done in these two related areas. Applicant Prior art known to us includes U.S. Pat. No. 066,934 (Nelson), series 44 No. 31337 (Iwasa), t42s9s37 (O'Neill), No. 4711598 No. (Shah 7), No. 4129006 (Bain) and No. 5015121 (Bain). Lett-Dientiel) and the applicant's own European Patent Application No. 89. There is No. 903981.2. All of these disclosures are based on some species that the waves can pass through. It presents a similar barrier. Wave-impermeable barriers can cause damage to adjacent shorelines. Additionally, the barrier itself is susceptible to damage during severe storms. It has been recognized that

Master and lord ΩI koma The present invention provides a structure that dissipates the energy of waves hitting the shore.

This structure consists of similarly shaped and spaced wings (with a few vanes). Ru. These vanes are placed in at least one row on the bottom of the body of water adjacent to the shore, so A wave channel is defined between several pairs of adjacent blades, each blade being separated from the shore. It is characterized by having a front part facing in opposite directions, and at least a part of the front part is vertical. Since the sea 7 is tilted rather than straight, the upper end of this zone is lower than its lower end. It is located far from the shore.

In one aspect of the invention, each vane has an aft portion, at least a portion of which faces the shore. , and has a zone tilted from the vertical, so that the upper edge of this zone is lower than its lower edge. It is also located far from the shore.

In one form of the invention, the flow path is at least partially constrained to the forward portion of the vane (b a rounded inlet) and an outlet at least partially constrained to the rear portion of the vane. , the rear part is wider than the front part, so the flow path is narrower at the outlet than at the outlet. . The flow path is equipped with a cross wall with an upwardly sloping surface from the inlet to the outlet. It is advantageous if you can

In one aspect of the invention, the front section includes an upper zone adjacent to the lower sheet, and each zone The zone is tilted from the vertical, and the upper edge of the upper/-7 zone and the lower edge of the lower zone are It is farther from the shore than where it touches.

In another aspect of the invention, each vane has a trailing portion adjacent the lower zone. each zone faces the shore and is inclined from the vertical; The upper edge of the zone and the lower edge of the lower zone are farther from shore than where the zones meet. Ru. Advantageously, each vane is cruciform. Furthermore, with respect to the center of the vertical plane It is advantageous to have approximately symmetry.

In one form of the invention, the structure comprises a number of substantially identical modules, each module The jitle is cast in one piece from cementitious material, and each part where the rear and front parts meet How many points are connected by cross members at or adjacent to a zone location? Equipped with that feather.

In another form of the present invention, the structure includes a cross member whose upper and lower ends are connected to each other by a cross member. Equipped with some feathers.

An important advantage of the invention is that at least one of the channels is located between the upper and lower ends of the channel. and dividing the flow path into sub-passages. It is %'+ if they can be connected by two cross blades.

A-certificate delivery return to my friend Various embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which are drawn to scale. ) will be discussed through examples.

Figure 1 shows a system placed adjacent to the shoreline to dissipate the energy of waves hitting the shore. end view of a box frame that is part of a series of identical blocks intended to be It is.

FIG. 2 is a view of the front of the box frame (in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1).

FIG. 3 is a top view of the box frame (in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 1).

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the box frame.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the vane assembly placed in the box frame and part of the block. It is a diagram.

Figure 6 is a diagram showing a professional view of the box frame with the vane assembly in place. This is a diagram similar to .

FIG. 7 is a side view of the block (in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 6).

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the vane assembly (arrow D-D in FIG. 6).

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a row of blocks placed end to end.

FIG. 10 is a side view of one row of blocks (arrow E in FIG. 9).

Figures 11 and 12 are side views of a composite row (similar to Figure 10) of a professional 1 and 2-) ).

Figures 13 and 14 are a plan view and a side view of the plate used in conjunction with the module. It is.

Figure 15 is a side view of the structure showing the blocks assembled to the side of the sea eagle.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a modification block used in the structure shown in FIG. 15.

FIG. 17 is a side view of the structure showing blocks assembled on a sloped shore.

FIG. 18 is a schematic plan view of two rows of modification blocks assembled in a lagoon.

Figure 19 shows individually fabricated structures assembled to form a wave energy dissipating structure. FIG. 2 is a plan view (partial view) of some blades.

Figure 20 is a schematic side view of the structure showing the blocks used to form the breakwater; Ru.

21 and 22 are side views of two modified blocks.

Violet 1 to 9, high strength cast cement) A module 10 constructed of cast camel or concrete is shown. has been done. The mositor is cubic, 1 meter in length, length, and height. Mo’ ) The a-rule has a box frame in which the vane assembly is placed. Just to clarify Therefore, this box frame is depicted in Figures 1 through 4, but the vane assembly is omitted. ing. The vane assembly is depicted in Figure 5 separately from the box frame. In fact, the module The wheel 10 is a single casting (e as[iB]. However, in the application of the present invention, the box frame without the vane assembly and a vane assembly that is not mounted on the box frame. It is being More on this later.

In Figures 1 to 4, the box frame is aligned along the vertical corner lines of the monocall. It has four legs 12, 14, 16 and 18 placed on it. These legs are attached to the box frame. At the rear and at the front, by means of four transverse cross members 20, 22, 24 and 26. are connected. These cross members connect the horizontal lateral corner rhinos of the module. placed along. The legs also line the front and rear corner lines of the module. by front and rear cross members 28.30.32 and 34 placed along are connected. The legs and cross members are located in an approximately cubic space 36 located in the center of the box frame. Define the boundaries of

The legs and lateral cross members are virtually identical. Front leg 12 of Mono 1-Role and 14, and the transverse cross members 20 and 22 are generally square, communicating with the space 36. A shaped opening 38 is defined. The rear legs 16 and 18 of the module and the transverse The loss members 24 and 26 are substantially similar to the front opening 38 and also communicate with the space 36. An opening 40 is defined. Similar openings 42, 44, 46 and 48 defined on the sides, top and bottom of the roll respectively. All these latter openings , which leads to space 36.

The legs and cross members are beveled where each opening 38, 40, 42 and 44 intersect the front, back, top and bottom surfaces of the box frame.

The space 36 is occupied by the aforementioned vane assembly, which vane assembly A plurality of blocks projecting from a horizontally arranged common 11 bar 50 located at the axial center of the space 36. A row of vanes 49 is provided. The hub consists of four wide sections of equal length placed at right angles to each other. It has a diamond-shaped cross section with faces 52, 54, 56 and 58. death Oak, the corners of this diamond are cut off and there are four thin planes 60.62.64 and 66. The wide surface is placed at a 45° angle to the horizon. Two of the narrow faces are horizontal and two are vertical.

The vanes incorporated into the monoyl lO are cruciform in shape, with four rows of vanes 68. 70. It has arms located at 72 and 74. One row of holes from each wide side of the hub. The beams extend radially. These columns are nearly identical, so only one column is I will explain. Each row has four arms, including two outer arms 49b and Two inner arms 498 are included. Each inner arm has two nearly identical pairs. symmetrically divergent side surfaces 80, a narrow anterior surface 82, and a wide posterior surface. 84. Therefore, the inner arm tapers symmetrically from front to back. It has become.

Each outer arm has an outer surface 86 that is generally parallel to the side of the monocall and emanates from the outer surface 86. and an inner surface 88 that diverges. Furthermore, each outer arm is It has a narrow front surface 907 and a wide rear surface 92. The front and rear sides of the vane arm are Spaced, nearly parallel surfaces oriented at 45° to the bottom of the tool shaped and arranged.

Identical flow passages 94 are defined between each adjacent pair of vane arms. The flow path is Divergence on the sides of the vane arm allows it to move inwards from the front to the back. Formed in a tapered shape toward the sides. Flow between the vane arms of the front rows 68 and 74 The wide front opening to the module occupies a portion of the space 36 adjacent to the front opening 38 of the module. It faces what is called the anterior chamber 96, which occupies a large area. Similarly, the rear rows 70 and 72 The wide front opening to the flow path between the vane arms is adjacent to the rear opening 40 of the module. It faces the adjacent rear chamber 98. Thin to the flow path between the vane arms of the upper rows 68 and 70 The rear opening faces the upper chamber 100 adjacent to the upper opening 46 of the module. . Similarly, the narrow aft opening to the flow path between the vane arms of the lower rows 72 and 74 It faces the lower chamber 102 adjacent to the lower opening 48 of the module. Each room 96.98. 100 and +02 ends extend to respective side openings 42 and 44 of the Mogicor. There is.

The vane mogicor, in fact the entire mogicor, lies in a vertical plane passing through the central longitudinal axis of the hub. Note that it is symmetrical with respect to the horizontal plane.

In perhaps the simplest use case, as shown in Figure 9, a row of moditors 10 located end to end on or adjacent to the shore where it is susceptible to damage caused by Ru. The rows of modules extend transversely to the direction in which the waves approach the shore, with each module The front of the building faces the sea. The highest average wave height expected during storm conditions is The size of the monole is chosen so that it reaches the top of the column of monooles. module It can also be used, for example, in the construction of breakwaters. In that case, some Nosojoule can be permanently buried in water.

Mogicor protects the hub against waves hitting its front, back, top and bottom surfaces. 50 is designed with a wedge-shaped face. Therefore, in these directions Flow coming from either direction is transverse to the original direction of the flow, to varying degrees. It splits into countercurrents that act in the opposite direction. In addition, the flow toward the mono 1-alle is mainly caused by the impeller aperture. and is directed through a flow path 94 between the arms. The vane arm and hub are wedge-shaped. Therefore, Ilt#li converges and passes through the flow path from the front or rear of the module. It acts as a bench eri for the flowing water. front or rear of module is the direction in which the waves usually strike the monocall with the highest energy.

If the flow is coming from the front of this unit, the water will flow to the front vane arm of the Monoale. It passes through the benches in the upper and lower rows 68 and 74. Therefore , the flow through these channels is first accelerated and then decelerated. At the same time as this , the flow splits into countercurrents in both the vertical and horizontal planes. That is, the name side There is some flow towards the surface and downwards, but a large amount of flow flows upwards. bench 1 The effect of waves is that the monorail acts as a barrier that dissipates energy and allows waves to pass through. This minimizes wave reflections and directs turbulence primarily toward the surface. arise.

The waves flowing from the sea are the upper row 7o and the lower row 72 of the rear blade arm of the monorail. As the fluid continues to flow through the channel, the above action is repeated. Also, this effect is Changes the direction of the flow lines in the wave field, slowing down the waves. (wave fee A field is defined as the entire body of water between two reference points. ) Mojito from land direction The degree of Although different, the above effects are doubled.

The flow of water through the unit is controlled by the vane arm, haptics and after the box frame components. Turn to the side to form a vortex. The box frame aerates the water and helps dissipate energy.

However, the air pressure inside the module (enLra9■enL) l The collapse is removed and twisted to prevent pressurization.

The modules are also designed to be placed in multiple adjacent rows.

For example, in FIG. 12, three columns are shown side by side. Figure 11 shows two lined up A column and yet another column are shown placed on top of the shoreline column. .

In these cases, V-shaped chambers 96.9 in front and behind each row of vane arms 8.100 and 102 collide the flows from adjacent modules Toward the lision course, the flow will be further turbulent and energy dissipation will be increased. Promote success. The water passes over the windward (vaather view ardl module) The structure is designed to rise, then fall into the leeward module, As the wave travels between a series of modules, it rises and falls repeatedly. It creates a repeat cycle.

If necessary, by providing a second wedge vane in the lower row of vanes 49, the above-mentioned The rising effect can be enhanced. This second (rust vane) further reduces the downward flow. restrict and encourage upward flow. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the second wedge blade is One row of vane arms 49b (usually the lower front row, but not necessarily ) is shown as 104 on its outer surface, and the vane arm in the same row One of the flow passages between the pairs is shown as 106. The second (rust feather 1) 06 is usually (but not always) the lower blade part of each row of blades 49. placed between the rooms. Only one pair of vanes 106 is shown by way of example.

If the mositor is placed on top of the pile, the second part between the front and back row vane arms (Wedge vanes also help reduce bottom erosion. The second wedge vane is relatively gentle. Installed in the lower row of the blade arm of a large monorail used in calm sea conditions. is particularly appropriate for

The flow is also forced to the side through the unit, again dissipating energy through turbulence. The movement across the plane of the vane and the components of the box frame itself creates a vortex. Jiru.

The most important feature of the Sojoule IQ, and especially the blades built into the Monole One is defined by the row of vane arms and is connected to the waves hitting the module. This means that a room has been set up for the purpose. Chamber 96 is among these chambers is also the most important. This is because the room faces the waves that hit the shore. . The waves that hit this shore are usually the waves with the highest kinetic energy. Room 96 is Essentially, by the pair of rows 68 and 74 of the sea-facing vane arms, especially in front of the Defined by a surface or part facing the sea. These vane arms are vertical Because it is more angled, the outer ends of surfaces 82 and 90 are closer to their inner ends adjacent hub 50. It will be even closer to the sea (i.e. farther from the shore) than before. Therefore, chamber 96 is , helps to collect the water flowing from the well (e-trap), and allows the waves to pass through the channel 94. so that it can be reflected upwards over the mojitle or directly into the sea. Make sure you don't do it.

We believe that a module that incorporates only a chamber facing the water will have substantial utility. It will be done. But it works in some way against waves coming from different directions. Other chambers 98+, 100 and 102, especially 98), increase the utility of the module. It is considered that

Surfaces 82 and 90 of vane arm 68 and flap 4 (as well as surfaces 82 and 90 of other vane arms) The applicable surface) need not be a plane. These are primarily due to ease of manufacture and strength. It is built flat with this in mind. These may be circular or V-shaped, for example. .

However, in the latter case, it would probably be more susceptible to damage during use.

The one meter size module shown weighs approximately one ton. drawing 2) Create a larger module by enlarging the smaller module shown. Can be easily constructed. Of course, modules with other proportions can also be constructed.

For example, currently a mosier is 2 meters long x 1 meter wide x 1 meter high. Testing is being done. This ratio of monomers is shown abbreviated in Figure 18. .

A monolayer with a height, length, and depth of 3 meters would weigh 26 tons. It is thought that it may be suitable for cyclone conditions.

Predict sea conditions (including wave height) at locations where the topography adjacent to the coastline is known A computer model was developed to do so. Developed for the US military This computer model is based on the lagoon of Rarotonga in the Hook Islands (i.e. , between reef and shore). The module of the present invention Verify the effect of placing a prepared structure in this location during a severe cyclone. The first exercise was held with the aim of According to the results, 3 in two adjacent columns The H4 structure, which consists of modules with a size of x3 x 3 meters, is It will be reduced from 317 meters to 0.51 meters. the top of the module and This structure should be raised above the foundation level so that the height of the wave crests is the same. It was hypothesized that the , in the second exercise, two rows of mositors were 10 meters apart. spaced apart. In this case, the incident wave at 3.17 meters is 0.37 meters. It was reduced to Tor. That is, a reduction of 89%.

these so that the results of the exercises need to be verified with commonly used tests. In this exercise, it was necessary to make several assumptions.

The average wave height was relatively small but further decreased due to the second structure. Waves crashing on a structure have substantially more energy than waves crashing on a structure closer to the sea. By being small. In other words, the size of the bench stiffness of the second structure is is too large for the height reduction. An advantage of the invention is that the module Even after installing the vent, by installing a suitable second vane 106, Being able to change the size of the churi.

Another advantage of this design is that the connector shown as 112 in FIGS. This means that the cleat plate can be used in conjunction with the Monoale.

Plates are placed on top of each object in a row, and a walkway is installed along the structure. can be used. This and the fact that it is possible to accumulate mono-ale The structure of the module has various recreational and practical uses attached to its main function. can be used for any purpose. For example, this structure includes decks, double tiers, multiple Can incorporate tiered promenades, or jetties. An example is shown in Figure 15. .

Here, Monoale is used to protect the anti-M@120 in stormy conditions. There is. The first row 122 of the seven gears 10 stacked in two tiers is located along the seawall 9!120. It is well placed. The top of the first row is at the same height as the top of the seawall, so Both the sidewalk and the JI circuit are at the same height. 2nd row), 11-le is 124 As shown, there is a gap from the first row 122! It's dark. Change vane 126 (below A column 122 and 124 is located between columns 122 and 124. Plate 11 2 is placed on top of the module in each row. The top two outer rows of plates are on the sidewalk. It can be used as a second promenade below.

In the other c style, the mojico is designed to act as a base through which waves can pass. on the underside of the module, where it is placed to hold the ground. along or along the side edges of the modules, especially along the side edges of the monorails at the ends of the rows. , you can put a plate on it. A tapered channel 114 is cast in the plate. and water flows through it.

The vanes 126 are further spaced apart than the vanes 94 of the module IO. It is understood that the potential for be done. Therefore, you can create a semi-monony with the operational advantages of a full-sized modicol. It shows a winged monoyl with This vane is V-shaped towards the droplet.

The monocall has a hub shown as 50. Entrapment facing the island It is not intended to be limited by the details of such implementations beyond the scope of the .

FIG, 21 FIG, 22 FIG, 14 F IG, 13 Copy and translation of amendment) Submission (Article 184-8 of the Patent Law) August 26, 1994

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. Several spaced vanes of similar shape [49, 49', 49 '', 126], the vanes being arranged in at least one row on the bottom of the body of water adjacent to the shore. structure in which a wave channel is defined between at least some pairs of adjacent vanes. and the front part [49, 68', 68''] where each blade faces in the direction opposite to the shore. and at least a part of the front part has a zone [82, 90] inclined from the vertical. a shore, characterized in that the upper end of the zone is further from the shore than the lower end thereof; A structure that dissipates the energy of waves hitting the surface. 2. Each vane has a trailing portion, at least a portion of which is a zone [84, 92] , the zone faces the shore and is inclined from the vertical, and the upper end of the zone is adjacent to the lower end of the zone. 2. Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it is further from the shore than the shore. 3. The flow path is at least partially constrained by the front portion of the vane. and an outlet at least partially restrained by the rear portion of the vane. , the rear part is wider than the front part, and the flow path is closer to the population than the outlet. 2. Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity is narrow. 4. The flow path has a cross section having a surface that slopes upwardly from the inlet to the outlet. 2. Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a wall [52] is provided. 5. The anterior portion includes an upper zone adjacent to a lower zone, each of the zones is inclined from vertical, and the upper edge of the upper zone and the lower edge of the lower zone are a claimant characterized by being further from the shore than where the zones meet [60]. Structure according to claim 1. 6. Each vane includes an upper zone adjacent to a lower zone, each of which has a shore facing and inclined from vertical, the upper end of the upper zone and the lower end of the lower zone. However, these zones are located further from the shore than where they meet. Structure according to claim 5. 7. Each vane is approximately cross-shaped and approximately symmetrical about the center of the vertical plane. 7. Structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: 8. The structure comprises several substantially identical modules 10, each module having a It is cast in one piece from ment quality material and is equipped with several said vanes. The blade is located in each zone where the rear part and the front part meet, or characterized in that they are connected by a cross member [50] placed adjacent to the location. , the structure according to claim 6. 9. The structure includes cross members [28, 30, 32, 34, 128, 130, 15 6, 158], comprising several vanes, the upper and lower ends of which are connected by The structure according to claim 1. 10. At least one of the channels is located between an upper end and a lower end of the channel, and connected by at least one cross vane [106] dividing the channel into subchannels; A structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: