JPS58191805A - Long and great floating breakwater of pipe structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To raise the wave-breaking effect and safety of a long, great floating breakwater by using s structure in which a latticed plane having a triangular cross section with an interior angle of 45-90 deg. and each top and each side with vertical communication materials, e.g., pipes, etc., is provided, while one side of the triangle is positioned on the sea surface, and the other top is positioned under the water surface. CONSTITUTION:Large cylinders 1 and 2 constituting the tops of a triangle and triangular ring structures 3 and 4 of a box-like water-tight floating structure are set on the water surface 7 as the main constitutent parts. Also, one 5 of vertical communication materials 5 and 6 connecting the triangular rings 3 and 4 for reinforcement is designed to have a sufficient strength. Furthermore, an auxiliary triangular ring having a simple, no-water tight structure as a cross beam 8 is provided at the middle of two triangular rings to made up a long triangular pillar structure as a whole. by this, movement caused by tidal waves can be lessened, wave-breaking effect can be heightened, and rigidity, safety, and cost effect of the breakwater can also be raised.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a long floating wave bank with a pipe structure, which has a high wave-dissipating effect, is safe against large waves, is safe, is suitable for the open ocean, and is highly economical. It is a wave bank.

In our country, which has a small land area with a large concentration of seawater and is poor in natural resources, expanding the use of sea areas is a particularly fundamental issue, and floating breakwaters are almost essential for the development of continental shelf IYD. Since it is considered to be an elemental technology for the construction of long floating breakwaters, it is possible to maintain safety while exhibiting wave-dissipating properties in the fierce waves of the open ocean during stormy weather, and is highly economical. This is something that needs to be realized.

Many types of floating breakwaters have been announced not only in Japan but also in foreign countries, and the number of practical examples is gradually increasing, but all of these are for use in bays and inland seas, and are installed in the open sea to maintain safety. It can be said that there is nothing that can be seen as possible. In other words, waves in the open ocean have large wavelengths and wave heights, and the wave force during stormy winds is unimaginable, and the ability to withstand such waves is nothing short of extraordinary. Even if it were possible to design something strong enough (structure, mooring) to serve as a temporary tank, it would probably be completely unviable, at least economically. This is why, in the 200-power era, there is a demand for the realization of an innovative floating #L aircraft for open seas.

In addition, there are other things that should be considered at the same time as floating breakwaters.
For example, the outer breakwater of Kashima Lane is a huge caisson (width 1
7m), but the water depth is at most 20m, and if the breakwater were to be constructed at a deeper water depth, the construction would be extremely difficult.

The present invention is designed to address the current situation, with water beds ranging from 5o to 200m.
The aim is to develop a practical and economically efficient floating wave levee for a wide range of continental shelves, and with consideration given to its installation in the open ocean where the sea conditions are severe, it has to be constructed with sufficient structural strength, safety and preservation. It is a floating breakwater aimed at comprehensive optimization that reduces force and ensures wave dissipation performance, and has a frame structure with a cross-sectional shape of an almost equilateral triangle made of pipe structure.
It is preferable that the length of the side is 10-15 m or more, and the length is shorter than 1/4 of the wavelength of the wave to be dissipated.

The most important factors for a floating V-levee for open sea use are retention strength and structural strength. The mooring force is calculated using the general formula 4H (w: unit body of water, wave height), and if the wave height is 15 m, 1 mm comb is 301, and 10
At a length of 0 m, it reaches 3,000 tK, making it extremely difficult to moor it). The above formula is for the case where all the waves are reflected, and if the waves are allowed to pass through, the old school effect will be reduced, but the mooring force will be reduced. Regarding the structural strength, first of all, as for the overall strength, there are two types: 7kc Yanghei (long-legging state), where both ends of the floating wavebank are on the wave crests and the center is a trough; (hogging state), the bending stress and shear stress are calculated using the entire kin wave-dissipating bank as one beam, but while the bending external force is large, the cross-sectional moment of inertia of the cross section of the CX#I structure ) It is not possible to make I or the front coefficient I/y that large, and if you try to make it larger, it will become heavier and reduce the buoyancy. I can't design big things.

In consideration of the above, the present invention has been devised as follows.

(1) Do not make the mooring force excessive. Reduce the reflection of waves as much as possible. In particular, they do not properly fight against large waves during storms, but rather allow the waves to overtop and gradually break, dissipating the energy.

(2) Rounding to reduce bending and torsional moments Disperse the distribution of buoyancy and create a freeboard (watertight structure above the water surface)
Reduce. This can be seen by comparing it with vermilion, which has a long rectangular cross section.
For example, the difference in the bending (torsion) moment will be obvious.

(3) It is common sense that it is most advantageous to increase the overall height in order to increase the moment of inertia (2), section modulus I/y, etc. However, generally speaking, increasing the height not only increases the weight, but also creates weaknesses in the overall structure, which requires reinforcement, and the aforementioned vicious cycle occurs here as well. In the present invention, a triangular hollow cross-section, which is extremely simple, is adopted as a possible basic structure.If the cross-section is made square, there are drawbacks such as the need for diagonal members.

(4) The above-mentioned strong structural strength is the basis of the method of the present invention, and for this reason, it is possible to make the entire structure long, and by making a long VC, it is possible to resist external forces in irregular waves at sea. It can be smoothed, the motion can be reduced, and excellent market efficiency can be guaranteed.
An i-tumulus has been created.

(5) In the present invention, the strength member and the wave-dissipating structure are all dual-purpose traps, and all of them are devised to work effectively, resulting in an economical advantage of 4 hours.

(6) It is also easy to tow, which is an important feature of this single major structure.

The present invention has the following percentage in order to specifically realize the above ideas.

(1) The outer shape is triangular and the skeleton is mainly made of pipes.

(2) The outer peripheral surface is formed by a grid-like plane made of pipes or plate materials.

(3) Equipped with the ability to float and sink by pouring and draining water.

(4) As a result of (1) and (2) above, long structures can be designed economically, and because they are long, the degree of external force received by warping is reduced, and at the same time, the interlocking amplitude is small and the wave dissipation is small. Results that increase performance can be obtained.

An example of implementing the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. ta1
The figures are partially a front view, FIG. 2 is a partially plan view, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view. As shown in Fig. 3, this structure has a shape close to that of an equilateral triangle, and its -side is 20111
Although this is a large-sized structure, the total length (L) of the structure is several to several times as large.

In the figure, 1.2 is a large cylinder located at the apex of the triangle in FIG. 3, and is the main component of the overall structure together with the triangular ring-shaped structures 3 and 4 (hereinafter simply referred to as triangular rings). 7 shows the water surface in the installation state 11. The part of the triangular ring 3 located on the water surface has a watertight box-shaped structure, and has buoyancy and preliminary buoyancy. The underwater part 4 of the triangular ring is box 1
The shape is limited to 1 and may be open to seawater, such as a U-shape. 5 and 6 are stringers that connect the triangular rings near the n1 water surface and underwater, respectively.C1 diagram shows a thin pipe, but a flat plate with an appropriate Sodemisaki1 material and other shapes of Ninhui are used. I can do things with my heart. However, since the part 5 receives a large u force, sufficient strength is required, and the part 6, especially those placed at deep places, is suitable for 15Ii.
It is possible to reduce the degree. Reference numeral 8 is a crossbeam material, and an auxiliary triangular ring of a simple structure and made of non-water-resistant material is provided at an appropriate interval between the triangular rings.

tp of this structure! One of the f values is that the length is long, and because of the length, the movement of the structure due to waves is small fx.
The wave-dissipating young fruit becomes large, while the mooring becomes m simple. This is a cause for concern because, as will be explained later, it is an excellent type in terms of overall strength.

This structure will be built at a shipyard or the like and towed to a designated sea area, but in that case, one of the thick circles II above the water surface and the cylinder 2 below the water surface shown in Figure 3 will be on the water surface. It takes the shape of a floating field, and the other cylinder L is located high in the air and becomes K. After arriving at the site, water is poured into the cylinder 2 and other necessary areas so that it floats at a predetermined water line. Since the water injection part can be drained as needed, maintenance, repair, and relocation are easy. Although mooring is not shown, a conventional method may be used. Compared to other general types of floating wavebanks, it does not reflect large waves, so it does not create a large mooring force.

Next, we will explain the action of this floating breakwater on waves.

The wave dissipation of this floating wave bank is obtained by the combined effects of wave reflection and energy dissipation due to construction. In the case of large waves, the movement of water particles is large, but in the part above the horizontal water surface, the amount of water particles overtops and gradually loses energy, and in the part below the horizontal water surface, the water particles move vertically, consisting of pipes or plates, etc. Energy is dissipated by flowing in various directions through the gaps between the passage members and creating vortices. That is, it is converted into vortex energy and ultimately consumed as heat energy.

This structure qkJ has a large newspaper shape, so it costs $
Because the wave force is large and the length is large, the wave external force received in irregular waves in actual sea areas is reduced by the wave phase difference of each part, and the movement of the entire structure is small and the mooring force is large. It is greatly reduced.

Due to irregular waves in the eastern sea area or waves received from diagonal directions of the main body, the structure will be subjected to large forces such as bending, shearing, and torsion9 in terms of overall strength, but this structure is a reserve just above the horizontal water surface. Since the volume of the buoyancy sharing section and the buoyancy sharing section just below the horizontal water surface is relatively small, the increase in external force resulting from fluctuations in buoyancy due to waves does not become excessive.

The civil engineering structure as a whole is a triangular prism, resulting in a very elegant structure, which makes it possible to create a safe and economical type of floating breakwater.
g! It is basic.

In addition to its function as a floating breakwater, this structure also functions as a floating fish reef or an artificial training ground. That is, the large surface of the structure in the underwater part is suitable for the attachment of seaweed and small animals, and attracts small fish, and therefore also large fish. Depending on the conditions of the sea area where it is installed, it can become a valuable recreational base.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one example of carrying out the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a partial front view, FIG. 2 is a partial plan view, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view. The symbols in the drawings indicate the following members, respectively. 1: Cylinder 2: Cylinder 3: Triangular $ 4 Two triangles 5: Longer member 6: Longer member 7 Two faces 82 Cross beam member Patent applicant Marine Science and Technology Center agent Masaaki Kobashi , Sai 1 figure? 2 Figure yP3 figure

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A lattice-like plane having a triangular cross-section with internal angles of 450 to 90', a pipe at or near each vertex, and stringers made of pipes or plates on each side. Equipped with
A long wave dissipation levee with a pipe structure characterized by a triangular shape with one side above the sea surface and the other vertex below the water surface when in operation. 2. When necessary for special towing purposes, the pipe occupying the apex can be filled with water so that it can be floated on the water surface and the two sides of the triangle can be lifted into the air. Pipe structure long wave dissipation bank. 3. Claims characterized in that the pipe is made of a columnar body having a structure I). The pipe structure long wave dissipation bank described in item 1. 4. At each vertex, nine pipes are fixed with appropriately spaced triangular rings, and the part of the triangular ring located on the water surface has a watertight box-shaped structure to provide buoyancy and preliminary buoyancy, and the underwater part of the triangular ring is 2. The long wave dissipating levee having a pipe structure according to claim 1, wherein the pipe structure is open to the water and has a structure that allows water to be poured into the water. 5. The long wave-dissipating levee with a pipe structure as set forth in claim 1, wherein the pipes provided at each apex are fixed by cross beam members at appropriate intervals. 6. The structure of the party according to claim 1 JjjK, characterized in that the outer shape of the cross section is an equilateral triangle. Machine.