JPH07503416A - Method of transferring a sheet onto a durable support, porous or partially dissolvable sheet for carrying out said method, and production of porous sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

Patterns are applied on a foil by a printing or photocopying process and the thus obtained composition is transferred onto permanent substrates made of various materials. The use of thin, soluble or porous foils allows the modifications required for each application to be obtained. Foil base materials and solvents are provided whose combination increases the solubility of the foil above that of the applied inks or toner. The solubility gap between the foil and the toners/inks is further enlarged by the use of porous and particularly thin foils. This process allows all kinds of patterns to be transferred onto any sufficiently solid surface; the edge of the foil is barely perceptible and adherence is very strong. The disclosed process and foils are particularly useful for transferring patterns generated by colour or laser photocopiers and in at least one variation are environmentally and occupationally safe.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Method of transferring a sheet onto a durable support, porosity for carrying out said method or production of partially dissolvable sheets and porous sheets Printing or making copies on paper, thin cartons or sheets has been known for some time. Yes: These can be attached to any object. Printing or copying process Due to the thermal and mechanical stresses occurring during the high strength and commensurate The thickness of the paper or sheet is required. If the sheet is attached to an object, the top After painting, the edges are clearly visible.

Other methods of image transfer include combining coated paper with self-adhesive sheets. There is. This sheet can be peeled off from the paper and attached to any object. . Peelable and self-adhesive sheets are bonded by adhesive to the coated substrate. , strong stresses occur during peeling, which also requires sheets of corresponding thickness. becomes. Self-adhesive sheets are also difficult to position, and can cause bubbles and wrinkles. There is a risk of damaging the durable support during the necessary error correction.

present on the coated support together with a water-activatable dextrin adhesive. The existing sheet can be peeled off and transferred.

After applying the adhesive-coated transfer image onto a durable support, the characteristic transfer image An impression is created. In particular, in the case of transferred images to be transferred to expensive objects, ordinary image transfer is The photographic technique produces a heat-sensitive surface ( (wax) cannot be thermally transferred or thermally bonded, and is not sensitive to water. For sensitive surfaces (metals that oxidize), dextrin adhesives should not be used. If the surface is sensitive to solvents (plastic), organic solvents may I can not use it.

All adhesive laminated sheets have one thing in common: the thickness of the adhesive is added to the sheet. , this makes the edges of the sheet visible and tactile and prevents unwanted transfers. It gives an impression of the statue.

Because the optical properties of the adhesive and sheet are different, the interface is often visible. In this case, this is particularly noticeable when the glued object is rotated in light.

Another disadvantage of sheets laminated with adhesives is the type of adhesive as well as the type of adhesive. is already determined when producing the sheet/adhesive/support composition. Ru. A tailored selection of the adhesive type is then not possible.

The method that has not yet been published using low temperature technology (question number P4118063.1) is , the objects to be glued as well as the adhesive liquid are kept at a processing temperature below +10°C during the operation. is intended to be held.

The advantage of this method arises from the cooling of the adhesive material as well as the solvent, which It remains in a low activation state until the process actually ends. Significantly lower volatility Therefore, problematic solvents can also be used in this method.

In describing this method, the production of a borderless transfer image using a sheet without an adhesive layer is also included. However, when applying this method, the objects to be bonded must be kept at temperatures below 10°C ( It needs to be cooled to In the case of transferred images, a temperature of -20°C or lower is recommended.

Partial dissolution with weak or wet solvents is not possible due to the required cooling It is Noh. Working at a temperature of -20°C is relatively expensive. For example, on the bonnet. In the case of gluing, cooling of the vehicle or the removed bonnet is required. child This method is suitable for special applications, especially for laminating sheets onto large objects. It is only suitable.

In the method described in German Patent (DE) No. 3924848C1, silicone Copy directly onto special paper coated with tin or stearate. Toner is this paper It is then peeled off and transferred again using a self-adhesive sheet such as Scotch tape. . The sheets may not adhere completely because the toner adhering to the sheets has neutralized the adhesive properties. All. For motifs with large toner areas commonly used in color copying, use this option. method cannot be applied.

Use silicone or steer to bond the toner so that it can be removed from the special paper. Decrease in rate. In the case of black-and-white copying, a uniformly saturated black tone is produced when copying. is difficult to obtain.

The rejection rate is significantly high depending on the motif and the desired product.

In the case of color copying, dark tones, especially dark green and dark gray tones, are completely unacceptable. Either the toner cannot be loaded or the toner is severely cracked immediately after the copying process, causing flakes. It falls. When transferring black toner and color toner to the desired surface , toner adhesion on the recoated support becomes disadvantageous, albeit in an opposite way. . The toner remains adhered to the special paper.

These problems also occur with the thermal transfer contemplated in the above method.

The risk of defective transcription, especially in the case of large motifs, and the very difficult Repairing defects significantly limits the scope of application.

A method in which the dry toner is present in a loose or easily separated form after the copying process is This monoga is harmful to health due to its allergenic and carcinogenic effects.

Performed with solvents that are harmful to health and the environment, such as methylene chloride, benzene, etc. or high concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide, which may burden the worker's sense of smell. The application of the toner transfer method using the method is also limited.

For porous sheets penetrated by lacquers or solvents and during gluing. No description was found regarding a porous sheet using the characteristics of .

The object of the invention is to provide a sheet with the widest possible applicability and durability of the sheet. This is a transfer method onto a transparent support, in which the characteristics of the sheet are controlled by the colorant or toner. Diverse application forms can be used and adhesion and visual reproducibility are sufficient. , and to be able to apply inexpensive methods of motif generation, e.g. copying. Can be denatured.

The production of sheets and especially their transfer, as well as waste disposal, are environmentally and It must be implemented in a friendly manner.

The above problems are solved by the present invention, which combines the above properties to provide a special porosity or partial solution. Degradable sheet; as well as durability without destroying the magazine and motifs present on it special materials and combinations of substances that allow for adhesive coating onto substrates. Solved by using combination.

environmental compatibility The present invention provides a method and a sheet with fewer (and less) personnel or environmental There is a modification of affinity.

The disassembly, storage, combustion or other disposal of porous sheets with a thickness of O,...02 mm is not permitted. , compared to the 0.1 mm thick non-porous sheet normally used for copying, the material is It's easy just because the amount is small.

Advantageously, thin porous sheets of cellulose nitrate are used; Compared to sheets of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene chloride, etc., which are 5 to 10 times thicker, It has significant advantages in terms of compatibility with the environment.

The main solvent used in this method is an ethanol/water mixture; This includes alcoholic beverages that comply with food laws, such as brandy (Asbach). Alternatively, Stroh-Rum can be used entirely. .

In contrast, other image transfer methods rely on solvents or strong-odor solvents, such as methylene chloride. In the image transfer method according to the present invention, the solvent mainly used is a food product. It is also approved.

Water-based lacquers with low solvent content for sheets, covering layers, as well as overcoats and protective layers - is used. In particular, sheet lamination is an easy and environmentally friendly method even for unskilled workers. Then, glue the sheet onto a durable support using ordinary potable alcohol and apply any necessary If necessary protection or additional adhesion can be obtained by spraying with a water lacquer. Ru.

Kei L” Jinini Σ Lacquer substrate or plastic, preferably alkyd, epoxide, acrylic -, styrene-1 cellulose nitrate, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane Rethane bases, their compounds, mixtures and commonly used substances, e.g. For example, it can be obtained by modification with plasticizers, film-forming agents, dyes, pigments, etc. Coating, casting, spraying, coloring, printing on a sheet of material The motifs or colorants can be layered by copying, laser printing or similar methods. Wear. In this case, the thickness of the sheet is preferably less than 2.0 mm. for transferring compositions consisting of dyes, pigments or toners onto the surface of a durable support. The composition may have continuous or closed pores, or continuous and closed pores. Advantageously, the meaning of pores also includes cracks or other openings.

Through these holes, the adhesive can be applied from above, from below or from above and below. However, the pore size depends at least on the plastic dispersion or or lacquer, preferably alkyd, epoxide, acrylic, styrene-1 Cellulose nitrate, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane base, etc. as well as compounds and mixtures thereof, curing agent solutions, and solvents, preferably hexafluoride. Aliphatic alcohols up to syl alcohols, dimethyl sulfoxide, formic acid, glyco water, acetone, water, and mixtures thereof; The substance partially dissolves the composition, thereby enlarging the micropores present and causing the sheet to The degree of permeability to other substances is large.

Adhesion of the composition may be mostly or entirely through the composition, or may be entirely through the composition. Although partially for certain applications, it is possible at least to pass through the holes. This is done within a range where the adhesion ratio is 3% or more.

The holes must not impair the visual impression and are advantageous after transfer onto a durable support. Average pore density before transfer onto a durable support, which must be less than 2 mm” at least 1 hole per dm", advantageously 4 or more holes per cm", In particular, the number of holes must be 40 or more per cm.

In the simplest embodiment, only a sheet, for example a colored sheet, is transferred, with On average there is one hole of 2 mm per sheet dm'. The size of approximately In” When securing sheets with water-based adhesives, this method allows additional adhesive to reach through the holes. will be accomplished. Holes or adhesive points are caused by sheet damage or adhesive dispersion due to outside air. Prevents its "rippling" as well as its complete peeling in the case of solution.

When applying top lacquers or protective lacquers, the adhesive passes from above through the holes. It is done automatically and for added strength of the sheet, a unique working process or special No adhesive required.

The mutual compatibility of the sheet and top lacquer, as well as their adhesive properties, can be determined by simple tests. more measurable. In the case of hole sizes between 2 and 0101 mm, practically all The known sheet can be easily sprayed with adhesive onto the sheet by the method according to the invention. It can be bonded by If applied with corresponding care during spraying, almost all All known lacquers can also be applied, in particular so-called aqueous lacquers.

According to the invention, bonding from below is also possible. Laminated onto a durable support The adhesive or lacquer penetrates into the pores and forms an adhesive graft (Klebepfr). opfen), which significantly improves the adhesive strength of the sheet.

Adhesives or lacquers may also be overlaid and these substances will pass through the pores. is pressed onto the surface of the sheet, thereby achieving an additional protective or adhesive function. can be done.

Sheet material and lacquer and solvent are partially dissolved in each other and the resulting layer are combined to have adhesive and/or protective properties. of mutual partial dissolution The desired degree can be determined from tables commonly used by those skilled in the art.

On sheets with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm or on particularly sensitive sheets, To superimpose the motif by a printing or copying process, the sheet is used as an intermediate support. Needs more reinforcement.

A release agent, advantageously a steerer, is used to enable the sheet to be peeled off again from the intermediate support. Typically, the intermediate support is paper or silicone. or thin cartons. However, the method according to the invention also involves the use of other materials, e.g. Plastics can also be considered. The intermediate support made of plastic is For sheet thicknesses thinner than 0.006 mm or very susceptible To make it possible to obtain good storage properties even in the case of a thin sheet. After peeling, the sheet is It is much smoother than the intermediate support made of paper.

According to the present invention, an adhesive substance is placed between the porous sheet and the laminated support. It is also possible. This substance is activated by heat, pressure, ultraviolet light, solvents and water. and sufficient adhesion can be obtained. Advantageously, additional bonding takes place through the holes; As a result, the adhesive material between the sheet and the intermediate support, as well as its adhesive strength, are relatively low. You don't have to.

Porous sheets are particularly advantageous if there is no adhesive substance between the sheet and the intermediate support. can be used. This allows adhesive selection to be made based on the intended use. .

By gluing from above, the sheet is often crimped onto a durable support and then , it is sufficient to apply a top coat.

In another embodiment, the porous sheet is dissolved by a lacquer or solvent; Provision may be made for partial melting and for the resulting material to have adhesive properties.

When a solvent is used, an adhesive material is formed from the sheet and the solvent. this method In a significant alternative, the adhesive material is also formed from a durable support.

Another embodiment of fixing the sheet on a durable support is using pressure and heat At that time, mild melt bonding is performed by a known method to prevent melting. The sheet is heated so that the added phase has an adhesive effect.

If the temperature is too high, irreversible destruction of the motif occurs very quickly. On the contrary, low If the temperature is too high, the adhesion will be weak.When using the sheet according to the present invention, please use a lower temperature. The sheet can be attached at a temperature, and then a topcoat can be applied to achieve satisfactory strength. Obtainable.

This application according to the invention is particularly advantageous in the case of photocopied motifs. plastic The toner, which consists of pigment particles surrounded by sticks, melts at about 140-180°C. melts, but tends to burst before reaching the melting temperature, so the melting point of the sheet must be at the lower end of the melting point of the toner, in the case of color toners, the melting behavior The transfer of a photocopy onto a sheet depends on the dye and the thickness of the toner layer. requires appropriate equipment and experience. Moreover, the defective rate is extremely high. ,So On the other hand, if a porous sheet is used, the remaining adhesion required is It can be done through the sheet from both sides.

microporous sheet on support A unique aspect of the object according to the invention is that advantageously alkyd, epoxide, acrylic -, styrene-1 cellulose nitrate, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane Rethane-based lacquer substrates or plastics; compounds, mixtures thereof By applying porous sheets consisting of and commonly used materials, e.g. This can be achieved by modification obtained with plasticizers, film-forming agents, dyes, pigments, etc.

On the sheet, coating, casting, spraying, coloring, printing, copying, laser By printing or similar methods, motifs or colorants are laminated to form sheets and A composition of dyes, pigments, or toners is adhered to and transferred to the surface of a durable support. Copy.

The sheet has a thickness of 0.05 mm or less, advantageously 0.03 mm or less, and has a peelable plastic or carton coated with an agent, advantageously silicone or stearard. The adhesive between the sheet and the laminated support is present on the support consisting of t The substance does not exist.

The laminated support ensures sufficient strength to the sheet during the printing or copying process. The problem is that

After being peeled from the laminated support, the composition is coated with solvents, hardener solutions, and plastics. Dispersions or lacquers, preferably aliphatic alcohols up to hexyl alcohol , dimethyl sulfoxide, formic acid, glycols, acetone and mixtures thereof, From below, from above or from below and above, in particular with an ethanol-water mixture. The mixture is partially dissolved and the resulting mixture has adhesive properties that make it a durable support. Join.

In contrast, sheets commonly used for printing or copying or self-adhesive sheets The thickness of the plate is approximately 0.1 mm. These are compatible with weak solvents such as alcohol/water Relatively stable to mixtures, sufficient partial dissolution of the sheet using weak solvents is 9 Using strong solvents, such as acetone, it is impossible to dissolve the sheet and at the same time Laminated motifs are also destroyed.

The sheet according to the invention advantageously has a thickness of less than 0.03 mm and can be cured with a solvent. Can be dissolved in minutes. For special material combinations and process operations, toner dissolution The solution speed is somewhat slower compared to the sheet, which allows you to solve the problem without destroying the motif. Some parts can be partially dissolved and some parts can be completely dissolved.

According to the present invention, the colored pigment or dry toner is applied to the sheet, especially in the case of thin sheets. After being laminated on top, it can be further fixed or embedded with an overcoat layer.

This allows weak solvents, especially those diluted with water, such as ethanol, isopropyl When using patool, acetone, formamide, glycol, etc., the sheet and Application of the materials and processes described in the present invention results in significant differences in the solubility of the is partially dissolved when the sheet is laminated onto a durable support, thereby creating Adhesion can be achieved by a layer of

Special Table Sen7-503416 (8) During solidification, in the ideal case the toner/colorant layer is partially dissolved inside the sheet. It can be deposited on durable supports without being destroyed.

This method allows the motifs to be layered with a conventional commercially available, solvent-containing lacquer. The material is solidified to the extent that it can be bonded to a durable support.

Especially for dry toners used in copiers and laser printers, this method can be applied without restrictions. For toners and printing colorants that dissolve very easily In this case, the sheet thickness is increased and the solvent composition is changed accordingly. melt The agent is also diluted to make it weaker.

Good results have been obtained using a weak solvent suitable for the respective sheet material, e.g. It is obtained by adding a small amount of glycerin to alcohol, which makes the sheet 'swim and glide', which ensures precise sheet positioning and problem-free stacking. It becomes possible. Additionally, the bottom surface of the sheet is slightly partially melted to form an adhesive substance; This facilitates reducing the thickness of the sheet and tensioning the sheet.

During the subsequent application of the protective lacquer, if a lacquer containing a solvent is selected, this Dissolve the sheet slightly from the edges and reduce the thickness of the sheet to at least the edges. Thin it until it becomes flat and also make it easier to bond.

Another particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is the combination of sheet properties and Application of a sheet that is easy to clean and porous at the same time.

After the printing or copying process, the sheet can be peeled off and positioned without problems; This involves using a solvent at the place where it will be pasted onto the object and swimming the sheet over the solvent. It is from.

The solvent is not modified with commonly known additives, such as plasticizers, crosslinkers or mold release agents. If you have a problem area, for example on a rounded bonnet 0 For example, with a water/alcohol mixture Light adhesion to the underside of the sheet is sufficient for simple applications. Adhesion is 20 capacity % ethanol. Satisfied for demonstration purposes in case of 50% ethanol A good adhesion is obtained.

From practical experience, when laminating large motifs on a car, this lightweight Adhesion has proven to be significantly advantageous. The sheets laminated in this way are , it can be removed with a strong stream of water (high-pressure cleaning equipment), ethanol or thinner even after a few days. .

Sheet removal due to visual effects of motifs, transfer or positioning defects, etc. may be necessary.

For economical production, large surface area colored motifs can be experimentally removed, i.e. It can be laminated without damaging the lacquer. In the case of a car, Experimental lamination of large motifs is highly advantageous. Lamination of motifs is done according to the present invention. Then, you can proceed as follows. i.e. mixing together weak adhesives in solvents or with a strong solvent, advantageously ethanol/water with an ethanol volume of 80%. , partial melting and the resulting adhesion of the sheet may withstand normal use, but only and, if necessary, advantageously be removed again by nitro or universal dilution. Degenerate.

Durable, strong adhesion and protection of the seat is achieved with a regular automotive lacquer topcoat. achieved.

Painting with water-based lacquer and subsequent heating can be carried out in the same way. Ru.

In the present invention, a thin, partially dissolvable, porous sheet and the aforementioned solvent and lacquer are combined. This combination causes the laminated sheets to be bonded very strongly (diffusion bonding) They are either invisible to the eye or can only be discovered through careful observation. Can be done. In the ideal case, the sheet "fits" into the surface of the object.

Add printing colorant or toner to fix, embed or reinforce the sheet The composition can be deposited after the printing or copying process or onto a durable support. The coating layer may be completely (or partially) attached by a suitable material before coating. may be made of the same material or of similar or compatible nature, e.g. I can do it. For example, the sheet is produced on the basis of nitrocellulose and the covering layer is Can be manufactured by spraying krylic lacquer.

Correspondingly, further processing can be carried out in a similar manner to sheets without a covering layer. .

Manufacturing of porous sheets Porous sheets or single layers of porous lacquer are generally undesirable; Holders and auxiliary materials, manufacturing and processing ensure that the sheet has almost no pores (which allows liquid It is adjusted so that it does not pass through.

In the image transfer embodiment according to the invention, on the contrary, the sheet used is advantageously Most or completely (invisible to the naked eye; i.e., 0.02 mm) It is intended to have pores within the range of . At the same time the pores can be removed with lacquer, solvent or Must be transparent to adhesive.

However, the hole size for transferring photocopies may be relatively large, i.e. approximately 0.1 mm and does not clearly harm the motif. This is because the holes become smaller during the copying process. In the case of lamination of coating layers or In the case of transfer onto a permanent support, it can be even smaller. but later During the topcoating of the sheet, the pores are filled with lacquer, which significantly reduces their visibility. It becomes very low. Porous sheets that can be used according to the present invention include blow molding, by casting, extrusion or calendering, as well as foam lacquer or can be produced by casting or spraying a plastic solution.

Spraying the lacquer or lacquer mixture onto the siliconized support By this method, a porous sheet having a thickness of 0.002 mm or less can be manufactured. this Thin sheets of seeds can be used in printing or copying processes, but are difficult to peel off. According to the invention, these particularly thin and sensitive sheets are coated with a colorant or toner. The lacquer can be sprayed on after the coating has been laminated, allowing it to be peeled off from the laminated support. Reinforce it like this.

Advantageously, the thickness of the sheet before the copying or printing process is approximately 0.01 mm; It is then reinforced with a covering layer of approximately 0.01mm, making the total sheet thickness approximately 0.02m. m. Sheet thickness is usually expressed excluding colorant or toner; The thickness of the laminated toner may exceed the thickness of the sheet depending on the color tone. This is because that.

The sheet and the covering layer advantageously consist of compatible or homogeneous materials and are They are combined to form a sheet.

These special manufacturing methods require that the colorant or toner is present between the two sheet layers. This additionally provides support for durability against the effects of solvents, lacquers, adhesives, etc. It has the advantage of being protected during lamination onto the carrier.

The base layer of the sheet is particularly absorbent and has good printing or copying properties, such as nitric acid. Cellulose-based plastics or lacquers can be used, while the covering layer is For example, it consists of a hard lacquer with acrylic paste.

In a simple embodiment of the invention, the sheet has a thickness of about 0.02 mm and is laminated with a covering layer. If not, it can be peeled off directly after the copying process. In addition, porous sheets It is also intended to strengthen the support to approximately 0.09 mm; It can be used for printing/copying processes even without it.

As a support for the sheet, a lacquer or film that can be made sufficiently thin and can be sprayed is used. Alkyd, acrylic-1 cellulose nitrate supports can be used, advantageously alkyd, acrylic-1 cellulose nitrate supports. The one from The sheet for image transfer is advantageously transparent, but It may also contain an oak colorant. Most copying machines do not produce white, but This is because it requires transfer to a dark-colored object, and the sheet should be adjusted accordingly. Color. Spraying involves modifying the material with known auxiliaries such as plasticizers, fillers, colorants, etc. This is done by a known method. Advantageously, the release agent is sprayed onto the support laminated with the release agent. Laminates a layer of 0.002mm by operation, and after completely drying this operation, diluted. Repeat until the desired layer thickness is formed.

The pores can be observed using a microscope with a magnification of 40x80. Advantageously, the pore size is 0.2mm-0.02m, m, and the density of pores is 50-200 pieces/cm". Ru.

Narrowing or reduction in the number of holes often occurs during printing or copying processes. Must be careful.

The size and number of holes must be adjusted accordingly. According to the invention, the size and number of holes must be adjusted accordingly. Generation or expansion can also occur after the printing or copying process or after the lamination of a covering layer. Ru.

Combination of porously manufactured sheets and subsequent pore creation or enlargement Coating is simple and advantageous in many applications.

According to the invention, the holes in the sheet are additionally produced in a later step in the normal manufacturing process. It is also intended to be extended.

Pores may also form or enlarge after dye, toner or pigment deposition; In this process, pores are selectively created or enlarged where dyes, toners or pigments are deposited. Another application is also intended to make it larger. In the case of a sheet with a coating layer, the holes can be generated or enlarged after lamination of the covering layer.

Pores can also be created or enlarged mechanically, thermally or by melting.

In its simplest form, the creation of holes, cracks, holes, or other openings can be achieved by using an injection needle or A method using a needle has been proposed. The needle can be placed on the cam and the manual hole Stab can be performed somewhat quickly.

If the number and surface area are small, the pores may be made in a simple way; In the case of porous sheets, holes can be selectively created in a certain area using this method. can. In the case of photocopying, the toner thickness is relatively high, especially for dark colors. For particularly strong and uniform adhesion, additional selective hole creation is recommended.

According to the invention, a bind drum is used for the larger holes. Bin roll (Sta Chelwalze) is easily produced by inserting a needle into a rubber roll. can. The size of the roll is adjusted to the width of each sheet, and the bin roll is porous. It can also be applied to industrial processing of plastic sheets.

Another form of hole generation is the use of lasers.

With a laser of corresponding power, parts (pores) of the sheet can be evaporated to the desired extent. can be done.

Especially with thin sheets and small holes, the printing or copying operation may dissolve the existing holes. Please note that it may be melted or blocked by colorant or toner. In addition to the possibility of creating or enlarging pores, special If you generate a hole pattern in a darkly colored place, you will get a place with no color (holes). This will prevent it from being left blank.

In the case of computer-controlled printing processes (laser printing machines) this corresponds to This can be achieved through a program.

In the case of the copying process, the desired purpose is to use a transparent sheet with white dots; This can be achieved by placing it above or below the motif during copying.

In the case of other printing processes, openings (holes) (pattern photos, etc.) can also be considered.

According to the invention, in its simplest embodiment, only one color sheet is transferred; Adding a step after each process allows for other and different application possibilities. lastly , each arbitrary motif or each representation, preferably with a color copier laminated to the described porous and/or partially dissolvable sheet by It can be transferred to almost any solid surface, but this is advantageous for metals, gold, etc. oxides, wood, wood-based materials, paper, cartons, cardboard, ceramics, plastics Leather 1 Artificial leather, cork, wax, glass, glass crafts, hard foam, Ceramics, clay, ceramics, stones, foodstuffs, textiles, raw rubber, elastic rubber, cloth, and and painted surfaces.

Due to the wide range of applications of the method and of the sheet, variations are required for each field of application. This can be determined by simple tests that can be carried out without difficulty by a person skilled in the art. Can be determined.

The method is also intended to process the surface of the durable support in a suitable manner. There is. Regarding the dissolution behavior, the properties of the sheet are particularly important for easily dissolving and porous materials. The choice of can advantageously be applied to the surface of a durable support. The preferred surface treatment is Spray the sheet with a thin layer of acrylic or nitrocellulose lacquer and It is to be laminated before curing.

If the surface of the durable support is lightly rough (thin and partially dissolved during lamination) Fill the resulting depression with the sheet. This allows additional In addition, a significant sticking of the motif is obtained, which is caused by the toner being applied partially or completely. This is because they are deposited on roughened surfaces.

This means that in the case of overcoating of laminated compositions, this will cover a considerable amount of the top lacquer layer. It is also possible to dissolve but leave the motif unchanged. According to the invention, e.g. A certain motif (photocopy) is transferred onto a copper plate with a roughened surface, and the edges of the sheet are You can make it so you don't know it even when you see it. This means that the motif is printed or copied directly onto the copper plate. give the impression that it was done.

Ichie J” 1 Ch. 9” (evening) The holes provide additional adhesion benefits, the strength of which is determined by the size and number of holes. You can The strength obtained from hole bonding can be tested using a simple method .

Approximately 100 cm of a piece of sheet glued onto a durable support, such as a metal plate, Make a notch in the shape of the glyph.

Continue applying water to the intersection of both cuts.

For water-sensitive adhesives, this method may also be performed using an air stream. .

Using the water or air pressure values as well as the elapsed time of the test and the time of peeling, Direct calculations can be made regarding the strength of the bond.

The invention is illustrated in more detail by the following figures and examples, but is not limited thereto. It's not something you can do.

ILLL - Adhesion of porous colored sheets Self-adhesive colored polyethylene produced by calendering as shown in Figure 1. A hole (2) is made using a bottle roll on the support on which the sheet (1) is laminated.

The thickness of the sheet is 0.09 mm, the hole size is 0.1 mm, and the density is per cm. There are 20 pieces.

The sheet is glued onto the metal plate (4) using a self-adhesive substance (3) and the alkyd - lamination with acrylic- or epoxide-based lacquer (5);

The lacquer reaching the surface of the durable support through the holes creates additional adhesive points (6). This significantly increases the adhesive strength of the sheet.

Additional "gluing from above" is unique if the protective and adhesive lacquers are the same Lamination by gluing from above, no work process required After the printing or copying process, a porous acrylic sheet with a thickness of 0.03 mm is laminated. (Pull it off from the stained support, set it in place, lightly brush or wipe it) to ensure sufficient adhesion onto a substrate consisting of wax. Continue spraying lacquer A satisfactory adhesion can be obtained.

For the transfer of the motif onto the candle, the sheet support is formed into a sheet by a known method. can be denatured so that it does not pose a new fire hazard.

! Top - a sheet laminated with a thermally fixed motif on a copper plate of a porous sheet; Thermal fixation is performed by known methods at a temperature approximately corresponding to the melting point of the sheet, and then Paint on top. Advantageously, the sheet is a material that melts at relatively low temperatures but is capable of being copied; For example, sheets made of cellulose nitrate begin to melt before the toner is deposited. Thus, the melting point of the sheet is approximately 140-160°C.

In a second embodiment of the example, particularly sensitive motifs are exposed to temperatures of about 140 Let it adhere at ℃. The main adhesion is by spraying acrylic lacquer on the row 1X, This passes through the holes and acts to bond the sheets.

Example TV = transfer of photocopied motif onto fabric using a thin soluble sheet Thickness O,0 produced by spraying cellulose nitrate lacquer onto silicone coated paper A special colored motif is copied onto a 1 mm sheet using a photocopying machine. pull Followed by another spraying operation of the composition, the sheets were laminated using a water-based lacquer. Reinforce until it can be peeled off from the support. sheet, toner and coating layer The total thickness is approximately 0.035 mm.

Using a microscope, at a magnification of 40x80, no holes were observed, but the sheet has micropores, which improves the solubility of the sheet.

30% ethanol by volume on a commercially primed cloth used for painting purposes. layer and water mixture. Place the sheet on the cloth, this will make the sheet Floats on top of the solvent.

Position the sheet and continue squeezing and collecting excess solvent using a soft cloth. Ru. After drying/adhesion, the fabric structure clearly appears on the surface of the sheet.0 Various toners The thickness gives the impression that the motif was created by hand.

After topcoating with water-based lacquer, the edges of the sheet are invisible to the touch or to the eye.

7- Place the photocopied motif on a thin, dissolvable, porous sheet over the bonnet. A porous sheet of 0°007 mm thick made of cellulose nitrate lacquer was transferred using Layer the color copy (8) on top of the sheet (7) (Figure 2), then continue to stack the sheets. It was reinforced with acrylic lacquer (9) to a thickness of 0.04 mm. pore density and The number of holes can be checked with a head checker (40x80). If necessary, the number of holes (10 ) later by hand using a bottle roll, especially in the areas (11) where the toner layer is thicker. We worked so that on average there were about 30 holes per cm''.The size of the holes was , holes that may be up to 0.1 mm but are completely or barely visible to the naked eye, i.e. In other words, a painted car bonnet (12) whose size is advantageously about 0.02 mm is Wash and seal using a mixture of water and alcohol (70% ethanol by volume). layer so that it floats on top of it.

Position the sheet, press out excess solvent and collect.

An adhesive substance (13) is formed from the alcohol solution and the sheet, which Glue the parts weakly.

After the sheet has dried, it is first sprayed on top and then in the usual manner. A water-based lacquer (14) with low solvent content was applied.

For example, the visual effect of large-area motifs on the bonnet is important to car owners. Problems that do not match can be solved very easily. The sheet is laminated with 7 weak adhesives. It can be removed immediately after using a strong stream of water.

Example Vl - Preparation of porous sheets and embedding of motifs by spraying A commercially available mixture of lacquer and diluent is added using compressed air as shown in Figure 3. The porous silicone is then sprayed onto a silicone-treated paper support (15). A sheet (16) is manufactured with a thickness of about 0.002 mm.

Such thin sheets can be processed by printing and copying operations, but are difficult to peel off. It is. Therefore, in the present invention, spraying is carried out depending on the thickness of the sheet desired to be operated (17). Repeat the lacquer mixture changes, each spraying operation is repeated many times until the Good copyability is obtained with pure cellulose nitrate sheets, and high strength , can be achieved by incorporating acrylic lacquer.

Advantageously, the sheet is first made of cellulose nitrate by spraying 4 to 5 times to a thickness of zero. ．． Obtained at 0.01 mm.

After the copying or printing process, spray with cellulose nitrate 2-3 times to form a covering layer. Layer approximately 0.005 mm of (18), which embeds toner (19). Pull Subsequently, the covering layer is reinforced with one spray of acrylic lacquer (20) and the sheet is The total thickness is approximately 0.02 to 0.03 mm.

The pores produced are open (21), semi-open (22) or independent (23).

The hole size is approximately 0.02 mm. The density of the pores is cm! Approximately 150 pieces per Ru. The sheet is peeled off and processed using known methods.

, 1+A-PCT/DE 92100875

Claims (32)

[Claims] 1. Preferably alkyd, epoxide, acrylic, styrene, cellulose nitrate based on polyester, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane; these compounds , mixtures, and commonly commercially available materials such as plasticizers, film formers, dyes, pigments. It consists of a lacquer base material or plastic made of a modified product obtained by ．． Brush coating, casting, spraying, etc. on sheets with a thickness thinner than 0 mm. motifs or coloring by coloring, printing, copying, laser printing or similar methods; The composition consisting of sheets and colorants, pigments or toners is laminated to create a durable coating. Transferring a sheet of lacquer substrate or plastic onto a support In the method, The composition has continuous or independent pores, or open and independent pores, in which case the pores and also includes cracks or other openings; The width of the pores is at least determined by the amount of plastic dispersion or lacquer, preferably aluminum. Lucid, epoxide, acrylic, styrene, cellulose nitrate, polyester stellate, polyamide, polyurethane paste, as well as these compounds and and mixtures, hardener solutions as well as solvents, preferably hexyl alcohol. group alcohols, dimethyl sulfoxide, formic acid, glycols, acetone, water and These substances may partially dissolve the composition and remove any material present. Enlarge the pores large enough to make the sheet permeable to these substances; 2 mm after transfer onto an advantageously durable support which must not impair the visual impression. 2, the average pore density before transfer onto a durable support is at least dm 1 hole per cm2, preferably 4 holes per cm2, in particular more than 40 holes per cm2. above, and the adhesion of the composition is mostly or entirely through the composition, or or adhesion may be partially, but at least, not achieved without the use of porous compositions. This is done to a degree that cannot be achieved if the holes at least 3%, Adhesion is performed from below, from above, or from below and above. A method of transferring sheets made of lacquer substrates or plastics. 2. The sheet has continuous or independent pores, or continuous and independent pores, with the pores having Also includes cracks or other openings; The width of the pores is at least determined by the amount of plastic dispersion or lacquer, preferably aluminum. Lucid, epoxide, acrylic, styrene, cellulose nitrate, polyester Stell-, polyamide- and polyurethane-based as well as these compounds and mixtures, hardener solutions as well as solvents, preferably hexyl alcohol. group alcohols, dimethyl sulfoxide, formic acid, glycols, acetone, water and Either these mixtures are allowed to permeate or these substances partially dissolve the sheet and remove any remaining Enlarge existing pores to make the sheet large enough to make it permeable to these substances. should not impair the visual impression and, advantageously, after transfer onto a durable support, the two mm2, the average pore density before transfer onto the -durable support is at least 1 hole per dm2, preferably 4 holes per cm2, especially 4 holes per cm2. zero or more, - the adhesive of the sheet acts mostly or entirely through the sheet; or the adhesion is partially, but at least, the desired result is the porous sheet. This is done to a degree that cannot be achieved otherwise, and in which case all of the adhesion that is possible through the holes is the percentage of adhesion is at least 3%; - The adhesion is performed from below, from above, or from below and above. Sheet for implementing the method described. 3. If the sheet is coated with lacquer, hardener, plastic dispersion or adhesive (advantageously Lucid, epoxide, acrylic, styrene, cellulose nitrate, polyester stellate-, polyamide-, polyurethane-based) as well as these compounds and and/or a hardener solution and/or a solvent, preferably a solvent. Aliphatic alcohols up to xyl alcohol, dimethyl sulfoxide, formic acid, glycerol Resolubilized in coal, acetone and mixtures thereof, especially ethanol-water mixtures. dissolved or partially dissolved, the resulting layer having adhesive and/or protective properties. The sheet according to claim 2. 4. The sheet is coated with a release agent, advantageously silicone or stearate, and the paper lies on a support consisting of plastic, or carton, and is laminated with a sheet. 3. A sheet according to claim 2, wherein there is no adhesive material between the supports. 5. The sheet is on a laminated support and can be dissolved or partially dissolved after peeling. 5. A sheet according to claims 3 and 4, wherein the material produced has adhesive properties. 6. Any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the sheet can be thermally fixed. Sheet. 7. The sheet is on a laminated support, and the porous sheet and the laminated support 3. A sheet according to claim 2, wherein there is a material suitable for adhesion between them. 8. Substances suitable for adhesion can be activated by heat, pressure, UV light, solvents and water The sheet according to claim 7, which can be 9. Preferably alkyd, epoxide, acrylic, styrene, cellulose nitrate based on polyester, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane; these compounds , mixtures, and commonly commercially available materials such as plasticizers, film formers, dyes, pigments. It consists of a lacquer base material or plastic made of a modified product obtained by ．． Brush coating, casting, spraying, etc. on sheets with a thickness thinner than 0 mm. motifs or coloring by coloring, printing, copying, laser printing or similar methods; The composition consisting of sheets and colorants, pigments or toners is laminated to create a durable coating. Transferring a sheet of lacquer substrate or plastic onto a support In the method, The underside is coated with a release agent, advantageously silicone or stearate. Present on a support consisting of paper, plastic or carton and laminated with sheets There is no adhesive substance between the the sheet has a thickness of less than 0.05 mm, advantageously less than 0.03 mm; After peeling from the laminated support, solvents, hardener solutions, plastic dispersions or is a lacquer, preferably an aliphatic alcohol up to hexyl alcohol, dimethyl alcohol sulfoxide, formic acid, glycols, acetone and mixtures thereof, especially ethanol. The water mixture is partially dissolved from below, from above, or from below and above. bonding the composition to a durable support so as to The mixture formed is a lacquer substrate or plastic which is characterized by having adhesive properties. A method of transferring sheets consisting of sticks. 10. The sheets are laminated using a release agent, advantageously silicone or stearate lies on a support consisting of paper, plastic or carton, There is no adhesive substance between the laminated supports, the sheet has a thickness of less than 0.05 mm, advantageously less than 0.03 mm; After peeling off from the laminated support, the composition can be mixed with a solvent, a hardener solution, a plastic Dispersions or lacquers, advantageously aliphatic alcohols up to hexyl alcohol, Dimethyl sulfoxide, formic acid, glycols, acetone and mixtures thereof, especially from below, from above, or from below and above with an ethanol-water mixture. bonding the composition to a durable support by partial dissolution; A sheet for carrying out the method according to claim 9, wherein the mixture formed has adhesive properties. to. 11. After the colorant lamination, printing- or copying process, the composition is coated on a durable support. With a suitable coating, preferably plastic or lacquer, before lamination on top. , additionally fixing and/or embedding colorants or toners, and/or or reinforcing the sheet, and this covering layer is made entirely or partially of the same material as the sheet or Any of claims 2 to 10 consisting of materials having similar or compatible properties. or the sheet described in item 1. 12. Lacquer, plastic solution or Adhesives (advantageously alkyd, epoxide, acrylic, styrene, nitric acid) cellulose-, polyester-, polyamide-, polyurethane-based) and these compounds, mixtures and/or solvents, preferably hexyl alcohol. up to aliphatic alcohols, dimethyl sulfoxide, formic acid, glycols, acetone and mixtures thereof, in particular ethanol-water mixtures, and this material is Claims for penetrating the composition or the composition and the coating layer and adhering on the underside of the sheet. The sheet described in any one of items 2 to 11. 13. Lacquer, plastic solution or Adhesives (advantageously alkyd, epoxide, acrylic, styrene, nitric acid) cellulose-, polyester-, polyamide-, polyurethane-based) and these compounds, mixtures and/or solvents, preferably hexyl alcohol. up to aliphatic alcohols, dimethyl sulfoxide, formic acid, glycols, acetone and mixtures thereof, especially ethanol-water mixtures, and this material has a resistant dissolve or partially dissolve the permanent support, transferred composition, or coating layer, or The support, composition and coating layer are dissolved or partially dissolved, and this solution also The sheet according to any one of claims 2 to 12, having a function of protection and/or protection. to. 14. Preferably alkyd, epoxide, acrylic, styrene, nitric acid cells Loose-, polyester-, polyamide-, polyurethane-based as well as Compounds, mixtures, commonly used substances such as plasticizers, film-forming Lacquer substrates or plastics made of modified materials obtained from materials, dyes, pigments, etc. Coating, casting, The motifs or or colorants can be laminated, A sheet and a composition consisting of dyes, pigments or toners are applied to the surface of a durable support. of a sheet consisting of a lacquer substrate or plastic, which can be transferred onto In the manufacturing method, If the sheet has continuous or independent pores, or continuous and independent pores, the pores are free from cracks. or other openings, The width of the pores is determined by the fact that these are at least plastic dispersion or lacquer, advantageously aluminum. Lucid, epoxide, acrylic, styrene, cellulose nitrate, polyester Stell-, polyamide-, polyurethane-based as well as these compounds and mixtures, hardener solutions as well as solvents, preferably hexyl alcohol. group alcohols, dimethyl sulfoxide, formic acid, glycols, acetone, water and Permeate through these mixtures, or these substances partially dissolve the sheet and remove any material present. Enlarge the pores large enough to make the sheet permeable to these substances; 2 mm after transfer onto an advantageously durable support which must not impair the visual impression. 2, the average pore density before transfer onto a durable support is at least dm 1 hole per cm2, preferably 4 holes per cm2, in particular more than 40 holes per cm2. Rolling a sheet consisting of a lacquer substrate or plastic characterized by How to take pictures. 15. Sheet can be blow molded, cast, extruded or calendered The method for manufacturing a sheet according to claim 14, wherein the sheet is manufactured by: 16. Sheet foamed lacquer or plastic solution casting The method for manufacturing a sheet according to claim 14, wherein the sheet is manufactured by: 17. The method for manufacturing a sheet according to claim 14, wherein the sheet is manufactured by spraying. . 18. From claim 14, wherein holes are created or enlarged on the finished sheet. 18. The method for producing a sheet according to any one of items 17 to 17. 19. Pores may be created or enlarged after depositing dyes, toners or pigments. The method for producing a sheet according to any one of claims 14 to 18. 20. The pores allow the dye, toner or pigment to be deposited after the dye, toner or pigment is laminated. 20. Manufacture of a sheet according to claim 19, wherein the sheet is selectively produced or expanded at the laminated location. Method. 21. 20. Claims 14 to 20, wherein the pores are created or enlarged after laminating the covering layer. The method for producing a sheet according to any one of the preceding items. 22. 15. The pores are created or enlarged mechanically, thermally or by melting. 22. 23. Claims 14 to 21, wherein the holes are produced mechanically using a pin roll. A method for manufacturing a sheet according to any one of the items. 24. 22. Any one of claims 14 to 21, wherein the holes are generated using a laser. Method of manufacturing the sheet described. 25. During the printing or copying process, hole patterns, especially in areas with high color intensity, As a result, colorless areas remain as described in any one of claims 1 to 24. the method of. 26. When copying, a transparent sheet with white dots can be used to create a colorless area. 25. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 24. 27. 2. The surface of the durable support is roughened prior to lamination of the sheets. 6. The method described in any one of items 6 to 6. 28. The same sheet is laminated, before the transfer of the sheet, onto the surface of a durable support. 28. According to any one of claims 1 to 27, a lacquer with dissolving properties is applied. How to put it on. 29. The surface of the durable support is coated with lacquer, and the pores of the sheets to be laminated are 29. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the holes are sized close to each other. 30. Sheets can be made of various materials, preferably metals, metal oxides, wood, wood-based materials, paper , carton, cardboard, ceramic, plastic, leather, artificial leather, cork, Wax, glass, glass crafts, hard foam, china, clay, ceramic, stone Claims for transfer onto surfaces consisting of materials, food products, textiles, raw rubber, elastic rubber or cloth Application of the method according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 29. 31. Sheets can be made of various materials, preferably metals, metal oxides, wood, wood-based materials, paper , carton, cardboard, ceramic, plastic, leather, artificial leather, cork, Wax, glass, glass crafts, coin foam, china, clay, ceramic, stone Transfer onto surfaces made of wood, foodstuffs, textiles, raw rubber, elastic rubber or cloth. Use of the sheet according to claims 2 to 29. 32. Sheets can be made of various materials, preferably metals, metal oxides, wood, wood-based materials, paper , carton, cardboard, ceramic, plastic, leather, artificial leather, cork, Wax, glass, glass crafts, hard foam, china, clay, ceramic, stone Transfer onto surfaces made of wood, foodstuffs, textiles, raw rubber, elastic rubber or cloth. Use of a sheet produced according to claims 14-29.