JPH07501759A - Welding or improvements thereto - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of, and apparatus for, welding an element comprising paper to a thermoplastic material, without pre-treatment of the plastics material. In one described embodiment a laminate (12) comprising paper, with a vapour permeable, liquid impermeable coating on one major surface, was successfully welded to a polypropylene material (15) some 1.5 mm thick, the uncoated surface of the laminate forming the interface with the polypropylene, by subjecting the interface to conditions between two ranges of parameters, a temperature of 185 DEG C and a pressure of 460 kPa for a period of 10 seconds and a temperature of 220 DEG C and a pressure of 460 kPa for a period of 5 seconds. All the welds effected between said ranges of parameters produced an acceptable weld of the paper to the thermoplastics.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Welding or improvements thereto FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to welding, and more particularly to the manufacture of articles by welding processes.

two or more elements, especially if the elements are the same or similar It is well known to manufacture articles by welding them together.

The materials of these elements are different, and the temperature required to bring one element to a welded state , and/or pressure adversely affect the other element. child The problem is that three or more elements of different materials are welded in one welding process. If this cannot be done without it, it becomes even more serious.

For example, when welding paper to a thermoplastic material with a high melting temperature, A problem arises when the required temperature is close to the combustion temperature of the paper. In addition, in this specification is a high melting temperature thermoplastic material. The term “thermoplastics materials” is used in a small number of A thermoplastic material having a melting temperature of at least 130° C. is meant.

Olefin polymers are heat sealed or applied to surfaces made of polar synthetic or cellulosic materials. Problems when welding are discussed, for example, in British Patent Publication No. 2053794-A is considered. This publication describes how polymers can be welded to polar synthetic or cellulosic materials. Solved the problem by corona treating the olefin plastic material before says it can be done.

The applicant of this application has developed a method for cellulosizing thermoplastic materials without first corona-treating the plastic materials. discovered that it can be welded to base materials. Therefore, welding that requires corona treatment before welding Processes are not covered.

Devices for dispersing volatile liquid vapor are known. In this device, the liquid is kept open on one side. It is housed in a container whose opening side is closed with a vapor-permeable and liquid-impermeable membrane. Ru.

One particularly preferred type of vapor permeable liquid impermeable vapor membrane is to coat the surface of the laminate. The coating is coated with a material that makes the laminated membrane liquid impermeable but vapor permeable when exposed to the atmosphere. Or it consists of a sheet of paper that has been impregnated and coated. An example of this type of device is It is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2194889.

Containers for such equipment must be essentially inert to the volatile liquids to be contained. Must be.

Polypropylene is used in household air fresheners, air fresheners, and liquids that are sprayed as vapors. Insecticides, liquid dewormers, liquid deodorants, liquid corrosion inhibitors, fungicides, and respiratory support fluids It is a material that is inert to volatile liquids such as chemicals, and is easy to mold and fairly inexpensive. It is widely used in household volatile liquid spraying equipment.

However, the above-mentioned difficulties encountered when welding paper to thermoplastic materials such as polypropylene In view of this point and the delicate nature of coating the laminate in a liquid-impermeable, vapor-permeable manner, The laminated parts can withstand the temperatures required for welding high melting temperature materials such as polypropylene materials. It has been thought that the government cannot withstand the pressure of

Therefore, currently proposed household vapor-permeable liquid-impermeable laminates include All volatile liquid distribution devices are designed to trap the stack around the circumference of the open end of the reservoir. A mechanical device or adhesive that secures the laminate across the open end of the liquid reservoir. are using drugs.

Mechanical devices that trap laminates are unreliable, especially if the laminate is fairly delicate. It is unreliable and also makes the spraying equipment quite expensive. Adhesives are mechanical The use of such adhesives in industrial processes is more reliable and cheaper than adhesives. The process can be tricky and the process must be carefully controlled to prevent volatile leakage paths. Moreover, the composition of the volatile liquid to be sprayed by such a device must be For each volatile agent, an adhesive must be selected that will withstand attack by the volatile liquid. Must be.

The present invention replaces the paper element with a thermoplastic material such as polypropylene, which has a fairly high melting temperature. The present invention provides a method for welding to flexible materials.

According to the present invention, there is provided a method for welding an element made of paper to a thermoplastic material, the method comprising: In the process of attaching the element to the surface of the plastic material, 150K is applied to the interface between the element and the thermoplastic material. A step of applying pressure in the range of Pa to 2000 kPa, the pressurized thermoplastic material and the raw material A method comprising exposing the child to a high temperature in the range of 140°C to 300'C is provided. It will be done.

Preferably, the method comprises heating the element and thermoplastic at a temperature of 160°C to 240°C; More preferably, it is characterized by being exposed to a temperature of 175°C to 220°C.

Preferably, the method includes applying a pressure of 50 kPa to 500 kPa at the interface between the element and the thermoplastic material. A pressure in the kPa range, more preferably a pressure in the range 200 kPa to 450 kPa It is characterized by the addition of

Preferably, the method comprises arranging the interface between the element and the thermoplastic material for a period of 0.5 seconds to 20 seconds. maintained at said elevated temperature and pressure for a period of time, more preferably from 5 seconds to 15 seconds. It is characterized by one thing.

Preferably, the method includes selecting a thermoplastic material at temperatures below 280°C, more preferably at temperatures below 280°C. Have a softening point below 20°C and a melt flow index of 4 to 100. It includes the process of making sure that

In one embodiment, the method includes the steps of forming the device in a paper sheet, the lifetime of the paper sheet, The step of covering the important surface with a covering material, the covered paper sheet is covered with a thermoplastic material. The process involves welding the thermoplastic material to the thermoplastic material while the material is separated from the material.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention, the process of forming the device from a paper sheet, the lifetime requirements of the paper sheet, The process of covering the surface with a clay layer, covering the main surface of the clay layer far from the paper with the coating material step, with the coating material separated from the thermoplastic material, the laminated sheet is placed on the thermoplastic material. It includes a welding process.

Preferably, the method comprises selecting the coating to be vapor permeable and liquid-free. Transparent materials, more preferably organopolysiloxane materials, most preferably silicon It is characterized by being composed of con elastomer.

In another embodiment, the method includes welding the element to a thermoplastic material in a multi-stage welding operation. Contains processes.

In a preferred embodiment, the thermoplastic is molded to form the container prior to welding the elements. Contains processes.

The method includes the steps of: forming a container with one end open; and Preferably, the method includes the step of welding the element to the surface of a container surrounding the container.

The method includes the steps of forming a container to define a flange surrounding an open end thereof; and welding the element to the flange.

The method may include the step of filling the container with a volatile material.

The method includes the step of applying a layer of vapor-impermeable and liquid-impermeable material over the element. It is good if it includes.

The present invention also includes welded articles manufactured by the method of the present invention.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a solution prepared by the method of the present invention and filled with volatile liquid. Contains accessories.

The present invention further provides for receiving and supporting a thermoplastic container while carrying out the method of the present invention. a first die, and a second die arranged to move back and forth with respect to the first die; The first die and the second die form a boundary between the thermoplastic container and the paper element. said first die and/or defining a cooperating surface for applying pressure thereto; or by heating the second die to increase the temperature of the portion of the container and element fastened between the cooperating surfaces. The present invention provides an apparatus comprising means for raising the temperature of 140 DEG C. to 300 DEG C.

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an axial disassembly of a volatile liquid spraying device installed in a welding device according to the present invention. It is a front view.

FIG. 2 shows the device of FIG. 1 with the open end closed after welding the laminates. It is a diagram of six directions of marks.

Figure 3 shows the arrangement of Figure 2 with a liquid-impermeable and vapor-impermeable barrier element applied. FIG.

The device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a container (11) defining a reservoir with one end open.

and a vapor-permeable liquid-impermeable laminate (12).

The container (11) has a cylindrical wall (13) closed at one end by a rigid end wall (14). A cylindrical shape having a rotating body defined by and located far from the end wall (14) A flange (15) extends generally radially from the end of the wall (13).

As best seen in Figures 1 and 2, the flange (15) has a diameter (dl) and (d2) and upwardly outward from the upper region of the cylindrical wall (13) as shown in Figure 1. When the axial force of the cylindrical wall (13) becomes straight, It has an inner wall region (15a) that is horizontally inclined.

The flange (15) further has a cylindrical wall ( 13) including an annular outer region (15b) located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of There is.

A cut of the flange (15b) on the flange (15) side where the element (12) contacts. The area is slightly larger than twice the cross-sectional area of the reservoir opening (d2) on the flange side. It's getting bigger.

The container (11) is molded from polypropylene material, most preferably the container (11) 11) is made of transparent polypropylene so that the level of volatile liquid in the container (11) can be clearly seen. Made of pyrene wood.

The vapor permeable liquid impermeable laminate (12) has a disc shape with parallel main parts. It has surfaces (12a) and (12b). This element (12) is made of a piece of porous paper. The surface (12b) of the laminated portion (12) is liquid-impermeable and evaporable. Materials that allow vapor to pass through by being air permeable, e.g. Made of organopolysiloxane (silicon) material that is uniformly cross-linked to the elastomer. being processed.

Paper is tear-resistant and mechanically strong, and the volatile liquid is faster than the air displacement rate. If the element (12) evaporates at a high rate, it may become hollow, so do not use high infiltration strength. It must have a certain quality.

A synthetic laminate of this type is fully described in the aforementioned GB 2194889. It is listed.

In another example, the laminate (12) comprises a clay layer between said sheet of paper and the treatment material. It is growing.

The vapor permeable liquid impermeable element (12) has a diameter (d3) of the flange (15b). Since it has a smaller outer diameter (d4), the annular shape between diameters (d5) and (d6) around the section, it can be welded to the flange (15b).

The small diameter (d5) is larger than the diameter (d2), and the large diameter (d6) is larger than the diameter (d3). small. The diameter (d5) extends from the open end of the reservoir defined by the container (11). It is calculated to limit the area of the surface (12a) of the element (12) that is emitted. The vapor of the volatile liquid contained in the container (11) is released at a desired rate. The reservoir container (11) can be filled with volatile liquid before pasting the laminated part (12). In a suitable alternative, the laminate (12) is welded to the flange (15b) and connected to the reservoir. fills through an aperture (not shown) in the end wall (14) and then fills this aperture. Cover the percha with a non-peelable foil such as aluminum foil laminated with polypropylene. This prevents depletion of the volatile liquid and allows the volatile liquid vapor to Prevent them from passing through the

By welding the laminated part (12) to the container (11), it is possible to prevent volatile liquid in the container. The element (16 ), a disc-shaped, liquid-impermeable, vapor-impermeable burr coated with a material that renders it inert. The outer element (16) is welded to the edge area of the flange (15b) on the outside of the laminate (12). have a peripheral area that is abutted or glued.

The barrier element (16) serves to prevent loss of volatile liquid from the reservoir during storage of the device. eyes and are removed from the device when the device is in use.

The laminated portion (12) positions the casing (11) within the cylindrical welding die (17). By doing so, it is welded to the flange (15b). The die is a container (11). an annular recess (17a) comprising a shaft hole region (17b) into which the cylindrical wall (13) is fitted; have. The die (17) therefore has a flange when the element is in the position shown in FIG. An annular wall (17c) supporting the lower side of the pipe (15b) is defined.

The inner diameter (d7) of the annular wall (17c) defined by the recess (17a) is The outer diameter (d8) of the annular wall (17c) is equal to the desired inner diameter diameter (d5) of the annular portion. It is equal to the desired outer diameter (d6) of the die (17).

The welding device is further axially aligned on the die (17) and has a a second reciprocating means relative to the annular die (17); Contains annular gui (18). The inner diameter of the die (18) is the inner diameter of the die (17) ( d7), and the outer diameter of the die (18) is equal to the outer diameter (d8) of the die (17). .

With the dies (17) and (18) separated, the casing ( 11) so that its cylindrical wall (13) fits airtight into the hole (17b). At the same time, the laminated part (12) is installed on the flange (15b), and the surface (12) is placed on the flange (15b). a) into contact with the flange (15b), then lower the die (18). , and are brought into pressure contact with the laminated portion (12).

Thereafter, according to the invention, the pressure applied by the die (18) to the stack (12) is adjusted. Then, a pressure of 150 kPa to 2000 kPa is applied to the laminated part (12), and a Heat the die (17) and/or (18) to create a space between the die (17) and (18). A certain flange (15b) part and a laminated part (12) part are heated at 140°C to 300°C. Temperature range.

The pressure between the dies (17) and (18) is set to at least 0. Hold for 5 seconds, then The die (18) is raised to reveal the container (11) with the laminate (12) welded to it. so that it comes off from the die (17).

In a series of tests, the die (18) was equipped with a thermostatically controlled heater. The temperature of the die (18) can be adjusted so that the temperature of the die (18) can be adjusted. The desired temperature could be applied to the exposed area.

Tests were conducted on four different materials as follows.

(1) High density polyethylene (HDP) (extrusion blow molding grade).

(2) High impact polystyrene (HIP) with a melt flow index of 4 .

(3) High impact polystyrene (HIP) with a melt flow index of 18 ) ,and (4) Polypropylene material.

The thickness of the thermoplastic material was approximately 3 strokes for material (1) and 2 strokes for material (2) in each test. ) and (3) about 1. 25mm, about 1.5m for material (4) Yes, the thickness of the laminate in each test was 160 microns and the weight was 137 drr? Met.

For each test, dies (17) and (18) are closed and the laminate is melted into the thermoplastic. Prior to contacting, the temperature of the die was fixed at the desired temperature.

To test the weld, the welded laminate/polymer specimen is pulled open at the weld interface. However, a significant amount of paper residue remained as a continuous bonding material around the weld line (lower limit). If so, the weld was considered successful.

The upper limit of the appropriate temperature was determined depending on the degree of paper deterioration and discoloration.

Using the four types of materials listed, the temperature, pressure, and time of application of temperature and pressure were changed. During this period, a number of experiments were conducted. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table Material Seal limit Time (seconds) Temperature (℃) Pressure (kPa) (1) Below 15 200 400 Upper 20 200 250 (2) Lower 10 180 400 Upper 10 200 250 (3) Lower 5 180 400 Upper 10 200 250 (4) Lower 10 185 460 Upper 5 220 460 The laminated part (12) is compressed (completely) between the die (18) and the flange (15b). Then, a large number of paper fibers in the laminated part (12) are welded to the flange (15b), and the welding When the process is completed, the thickness of the laminated part (12) between the diameters (d5) and (d6) , it was observed that the thickness of the remaining part of the laminate (12) becomes permanently thinner.

A certain amount of flange (15b) material flows into the laminated part (12), but the steam flow path 6, it exists in the entire stacked part (12) parallel to the element (12) plane.

As mentioned above, before welding the laminated portion (12), the container (11) is filled with volatile material. However, most preferably, the container (11) is filled after welding the laminate (12). The heating of the volatile liquid by the welding process and the assembly of the barrier element (16) prevents the inevitable loss of volatile liquid before joining.

To use the spraying device, first peel off the barrier layer (16) and remove the laminate (12). After exposing the surface (12b) to the surrounding atmosphere, the mount is reversed from the position shown in Figure 1. When the device is supported on the stand means, air is drawn to the surface (12b) of the laminate (12). Flows easily throughout. In this position, the volatile liquid in the container (11) is within the diameter (d5) abuts the surface (12a) of the laminate (12) and the liquid-impermeable surface (12b) Evaporates through the vapor permeable coating into the surrounding atmosphere.

Copy and translation of written amendment) Submission form (Article 184-8 of the Patent Act) May 27, 1994

Claims (27)

[Claims] 1. A method of welding an element made of paper to a thermoplastic material, the element being welded to a thermoplastic material. In the step of pasting it on the surface of the thermoplastic material, 150 kpa is applied to the interface between the element and the thermoplastic material. A step of applying a pressure in the range of ~2000 kpa, and the pressurized plastic material and element. and to a high temperature in the range of 140°C to 300°C. 2. A process of exposing the interface between the element and the thermoplastic material to a temperature of 160°C to 240°C. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: 3. A step of exposing the interface between the element and the thermoplastic material to a temperature of 175°C to 220°C. 3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of: 4. A pressure in the range of 150 kpa to 500 kpa is applied to the interface between the element and the thermoplastic material. 4. A method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises the step of applying a force. 5. A pressure in the range of 200 kpa to 450 kpa is applied to the interface between the element and the thermoplastic material. Method according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that it comprises the step of applying a force. . 6. The interface between the element and the thermoplastic material is exposed to the high temperature and pressure for 0.5 seconds to 15 seconds. According to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the method further comprises a step of holding the device under force. How to do it. 7. The interface between the element and the thermoplastic material is subjected to the high temperature and pressure for 5 seconds to 15 seconds. A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the step of holding. 8. By selecting the thermoplastic material, a softening point of 280°C or less and a temperature of 4 to The method is characterized by comprising a step of providing a melt flow index of 100. 8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method comprises: 9. By selecting the thermoplastic material, a softening point of 220°C or less, and a to have a melt flow index of ~100. A method according to any of the preceding claims. 10. a step of forming the element with a paper sheet, one main surface of the paper sheet is coated with a covering material; the coated paper sheet with the coating separated from the thermoplastic material. any of the preceding claims, comprising the step of welding the sheet to the thermoplastic material; method. 11. A step of forming the element using a paper sheet, one main surface of the paper sheet is covered with a clay material layer. covering the main surface of the clay layer far from the paper with a covering material; The process of welding the laminated sheet to the thermoplastic material with the sheathing material separated from the thermoplastic material. 10. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of: 12. The coating material is selected to be vapor permeable and liquid impermeable. 12. A method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: 13. By selecting the vapor permeable liquid impermeable material, the organopolis 13. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that it is a loxane material. 14. By selecting the organopolysiloxane material, silicone elastomer 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the method is characterized in that it is made to have a toma. 15. Welding the element to the thermoplastic material in one welding operation. A method according to any of the preceding claims. 16. Welding the element to the thermoplastic material in a multi-stage welding operation. 15. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: 17. The container is formed by forming the thermoplastic material before welding the element. A method according to any of the preceding claims, comprising the step of forming a. 18. molding the container to open one end; and According to claim 15, the method includes the step of welding the element to a surface of the container surrounding the open end of the container. How to do it. 19. Molding the container defines a flange surrounding the open end of the container. and welding the element to the flange. Or the method according to 18. 20. Claim 17, further comprising the step of filling the container with a volatile material. Method according to No. 18 or No. 19. 21. a step of applying a layer of vapor-impermeable and liquid-impermeable material to the entire element; A method according to any of claims 17-20. 22. A welded article formed by a method according to any of the preceding claims. 23. formed by a method according to any of the preceding claims when filled with a volatile liquid welded products. 24. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to any of the preceding claims, comprising: a thermoplastic container; a first die that receives and supports the container, and is arranged to move back and forth with respect to the first die; the first die and the second die are made of a thermoplastic container and paper; A cooperating surface for applying pressure is defined at the interface with the first die and the first die. and/or by heating the second die. means to raise the temperature of the interface between the container and the element to a temperature of 140°C to 300°C. Equipment to be equipped with. 25. Welding an element constructed of paper to a thermoplastic material, essentially as described above. how to. 26. Thermoplastic elements constructed of paper, as described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Equipment for welding to materials. 27. Welded items as described above with reference to the accompanying drawings.