JPH0748875A - Ground sill structure for building by prefabrication method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To surely prevent the occurrence of dew condensation and secure the heat insulation performance around the ground sill of a building by utilizing the advantages of the prefabrication method such as the simplicity of execution and the security of simplified fire resistance, and employing an external heat insulating system. CONSTITUTION:A ventilation passage 64 is formed between a foundation 21 covered with a heat insulating material 51c on the outer periphery except for an upper edge section and a ground sill 22, the first vertical furring strips 50a are provided and stretched at an interval on the outside of a board 31 fitted on the outdoor side of a wall frame 24, and a heat insulating material 51a forming an inside ventilation layer 52a communicated with the ventilation passage 64 is extended downward to the upper face of the heat insulating material 51c. A batten 80 is provided between the heat insulating material 51c and the foundation 21, the second vertical furring strips 54a are arranged and stretched in the plane direction at an interval on the outside of the heat insulating material 52a, and an exterior material 55a forming an outside ventilation layer 56a and the second vertical furring strips 54a are extended downward to the outside of the batten 80.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure around a base of a building by a frame construction method typified by a 2 "* 4" (two-by-four) construction method, and in particular, a body is surrounded and surrounded by a heat insulating material. The present invention relates to a structure around a base of a building by a frame construction method in a so-called airtight house in which heat insulation and airtightness of the building are improved.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A frame construction method, for example, a 2 "× 4" construction method is
Nominal cross section is 2 inches x 4 inches (actual cross section is 3.
It is a construction method in which a frame is made of basic material of 8 cm x 8.9 cm) and various boards such as plywood are nailed to this frame, and the wall is piled up on the floor (platform). It has the advantage of being a simple fireproof structure.

Conventionally, in the frame construction method of this type, a so-called high airtightness, in which the periphery of the building is comprehensively bent with a heat insulating material,
When making a high-insulation house, the so-called internal insulation method is adopted, and in order to further improve the moisture resistance, use a heat insulating material with a moisture-proof layer on the surface, or insulate especially for areas with a significant temperature difference. It has been common practice to individually provide a moisture-proof layer such as a moisture-proof film on the indoor side of the material.

That is, as shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of vertical frames (pillars and studs) 3 are provided between an upper frame 1 and a lower frame 2 which extend in the horizontal direction.
To form a wall frame 4 made of a basic material, and a board 5 such as plywood or structural plywood is nailed and attached to the outdoor side of the frame 4, and the upper frame 1, the lower frame 2 and A heat insulating material 6 is attached to the area surrounded by a pair of vertical frames 3 from the back surface side of the board 5, and as this heat insulating material 6, a material having a moisture-proof layer provided on the indoor surface is used, or the temperature difference is remarkable. In the area, a moisture-proof layer 7 such as a moisture-proof film having a thickness of 0.1 mm or more is individually provided on the indoor side of the heat insulating material 6.

[0005]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, not only the outer periphery of the body cannot be completely surrounded by the heat insulating material without a gap, but also a gap is formed around the outlet or the pipe, or It is difficult to achieve sufficient moisture prevention due to tearing of the moisture-proof layer due to scratches during construction, etc.Therefore, dew condensation occurs especially inside the outer wall board, which leads to corrosion of the board and frame material, This was the biggest drawback of the frame construction method.

Here, in order to prevent this drawback, an external heat insulating structure in which a heat insulating material is arranged on the outside of the columns and studs (vertical frame) is used, as widely used in the conventional conventional frame construction method. At the same time, it is conceivable to provide an inner ventilation layer and an outer ventilation layer on both sides of the heat insulating material.

That is, as shown in FIG. 10, by sandwiching the vertical frame 3 of the wall frame 4, the heat insulating material 6 is stretched on the outside of the room and the interior material 8 is stretched on the inside of the room along the surface direction to insulate the heat. The inner ventilation layer 9 is formed between the material 6 and the interior material 8, and the vertical furring strips 10 as ventilation spacers are attached to the outer side of the heat insulating material 6 with a predetermined gap therebetween. It is conceivable that the exterior material 11 is stretched in the surface direction to form the outer ventilation layer 12 between the heat insulating material 6 and the exterior material 11.

However, when it is attempted to form the inner ventilation layer 9 between the heat insulating material 6 and the interior material 8, as shown in FIG. 9, between the vertical frames 3 and 3 of the wall frame 4 which are adjacent to each other, as shown in FIG.
Since the anti-roller 13 and the fire stop (not shown) for reinforcing the same are arranged so as to close the inner ventilation layer 9, the vent hole that communicates vertically is provided inside the anti-roller 13 and the fire stop. Not only is it necessary, but floors are laid out in a flat plate (platform)
When stacking the wall framework 4 on top of the
Has a lower frame 1 and an upper frame 2 at positions where the inner ventilation layer 9 is closed, and in addition, in relation to the joists (side joists and end joists), ventilation holes can be provided in the lower and upper frames 1 and 2. First, in order to ensure the air permeability, a considerably troublesome work such as extending the frame and making a hole in the extended portion is required.

That is, in the frame construction method, it is difficult to provide the inner ventilation layer 9 between the heat insulating material 6 and the interior material 8 by adopting the outer heat insulating method. If the inner ventilation layer 9 is to be provided here. Not only is the construction quite complicated,
If ventilation holes are provided in the fall stop 13 and the fire stop, simple fire resistance cannot be ensured, and the advantages of the frame construction method are completely lost.

In view of the above, the present invention takes advantage of the easiness of construction and the securement of simple fire resistance of the frame construction method, and further adopts the outer heat insulation method having the inner ventilation layer and the outer ventilation layer to prevent dew condensation. The purpose of the present invention is to reliably prevent the occurrence of the heat and to ensure the heat insulation performance around the base of the building where the heat insulation defect is likely to occur so that the heat insulation performance here does not deteriorate. To do.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, a structure around a base of a building by a frame construction method according to the present invention has a foundation in which an outer peripheral surface excluding an upper edge is covered with a heat insulating material and an upper portion of the foundation. Forming a ventilation passage between the base and the outside of the board attached to the outside of the wall frame of the basic material that constitutes the wall,
A heat insulating material, which is stretched while interposing a first vertical furring strip arranged at a distance and forms an inner ventilation layer communicating with the ventilation passage, is extended downward to the upper surface of the heat insulating material covering the foundation. At the same time, a wood is interposed between the extension part of this heat insulating material and the foundation, and the second vertical furring strips arranged at intervals are provided outside the heat insulating material forming the inner ventilation layer. Meanwhile, the exterior material that is stretched in the surface direction to form the outer ventilation layer and the second vertical furring strip are extended downward to the outside of the tree.

[0012]

According to the present invention as described above, the first vertical furring strip, the heat insulating material, and the second heat insulating material are provided on the board mounted on the outside of the wall frame made of the basic material constructed by the usual frame construction method. By a relatively simple method such as sequentially providing a vertical furring strip and an exterior material, an inner ventilation layer and an outer ventilation layer are provided on the outside of the board with a heat insulating material sandwiched between them, and further, the outside of the joint between the foundation and the base is It is possible to prevent deterioration of the heat insulating performance here by covering the outside of the wall frame with a heat insulating material that extends below the joint and reaches the upper surface of the heat insulating material that covers the outer peripheral surface of the foundation.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the figure, a building (airtight house) 20 according to the present embodiment has a floor 23 in which a board such as structural plywood is attached in a flat plate shape by a platform construction method on a base 22 laid on a foundation 21. Composed of this floor 2
Around the circumference of 3, a wall frame 24 constituting an outer wall is erected in two steps, and a roof frame 25 constituting a roof is installed on the upper wall frame 24.

In the 2 "× 4" construction method, the wall frame 24 has the same basic material extending vertically between an upper frame 26 and a lower frame 27 made of a basic material having a nominal cross section of 2 inches × 4 inches. A plurality of vertical frames (pillars and studs) consisting of are laid over, and a reinforcing detent is arranged between the vertical frames 28, 28 adjacent to each other, and further, if necessary, braces (not shown) It is constructed by straddling in the shape of a strip.

On the indoor side of the wall frame 24,
The interior material 30 is stretched in the surface direction, and a board 31 made of plywood, structural plywood, or the like is stretched in the surface direction on the outdoor side.

Here, the first floor and the second floor are separated by a ceiling material 32 and a second floor 33 which are stretched in the plane direction, and the wall frame 24 located in the upper stage is of the second floor 33. It is erected around.

As the board 31, in addition to the plywood and the structural plywood, there is a sean board or an OSB (Orient).
ed Strand Board), etc., and so on. On the other hand, the roof frame 25 is a purlin 40 made of a basic material.
A plurality of rafters 42, which are also made of the same basic material, are laid between the nose cover 41 and the nose cover 41, and the rafters 42 extending laterally around the purlin 40 are connected mainly by a ceiling joist 43 in a mountain shape. There is.

A fall stop is arranged between the rafters 42, 42 adjacent to each other, similarly to the wall frame 24. A ceiling material 45 is attached to the lower surface of the ceiling joist 43 in the surface direction, and a board 46 made of plywood or structural plywood is provided on the outdoor side of the roof frame 25, that is, on the upper surface of the rafter 42. It is stretched in the plane direction.

Here, the wall frames 24 are connected to each other and the wall frame 24 and the roof frame 25 are connected to each other via a head joint 48, and are located above the head joint 48 connecting the wall frame 24 and the roof frame 25. The board 46 is provided with ventilation holes 46a for ventilation.

The above construction is based on the ordinary frame construction method, and by constructing in this way, the advantages of the frame construction method such as the simplicity of construction and the securement of simple fire resistance can be maintained.

Then, on the surface of the board 31 of the wall frame 24, first vertical furring strips 50a as ventilation spacers extending in the vertical direction over substantially the entire height of the outer wall are arranged and fixed at a predetermined interval, A heat insulating material 51a is stretched in the surface direction in contact with the first vertical furring strip 50a. Thereby, the inner ventilation layer 52a corresponding to the thickness of the first vertical furring strip 50a is formed between the board 31 and the heat insulating material 51a.

That is, the outside heat insulation structure in which the outside of the board 31 is covered with the heat insulating material 51a prevents dew condensation on the inside of the board 31 during the winter season, and moreover, the board 31 and the heat insulating material 51 are formed.
An inner ventilation layer 52a is provided between the inner side and a side to discharge heat pools in the room in summer and to perform a function of discharging moisture and heat.

Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the outer peripheral surface of the foundation 21 is covered with a heat insulating material 51c except for its upper edge portion 21a, and is arranged outside the wall frame 24 and inside. The heat insulating material 51a forming the ventilation layer 52a extends downward until the lower end surface reaches the upper surface of the heat insulating material 51c covering the foundation 21.

The surfaces of the heat insulating materials 51a and 51c are flush with each other.
A space commensurate with the width of the inner ventilation layer 52a is formed between the downward extending portion of c and the upper edge portion 21a of the foundation 21, and the wood 80 having a rectangular cross section is formed in this space. It is installed. Further, the outdoor surface of the wood 80 and the heat insulating material 5
An airtight sealing tape 81 is attached in a rectangular cross section from between 1a and the contact surface of both heat insulating materials 51a and 51c to ensure the airtightness here.

As shown in FIG. 5, the wood 80 has sawtooth-shaped irregularities 80a on its lower surface for increasing the coupling force with the upper surface of the heat insulating material 51c, and its inner surface is integrated with the foundation 21. Dovetail grooves 80b for increasing the width are formed respectively.

The strut 80 can be provided integrally with the foundation 21 and the heat insulating material 51c as shown in FIG. 4, for example. That is, first, the form 85 which is separated by a predetermined distance via the vertical slab 82, the horizontal slat 83, and the separator 84 is assembled,
The heat insulating material 51c is laid and arranged on the outside of the room inside the form 85 while being temporarily fixed. At this time, the height of the heat insulating material 51c is set to the form 8
5 is lower than the height of the foundation 21, that is, lower than the height of the foundation 21, and reaches the upper surface of the mold 85 while interposing a padding 86 having a width corresponding to the thickness of the heat insulating material 51a on the upper surface of the heat insulating material 51c. Lay the tree 80. In this state, the form 85
Concrete is poured inside, and the form 85 and the filling 86 are removed. As a result, the foundation 21 passes through the dovetail groove 80b.
And the wood 80 can be integrated.

In this way, the outside of the joint between the base 21 and the base 22 extends to the lower side of the joint that covers the outside of the wall frame 24 to the upper surface of the heat insulating material 51c that covers the outer peripheral surface of the base 21. It is possible to prevent deterioration of the heat insulation performance (heat insulation defect) here by surrounding the heat insulation material 51a.

Moreover, by providing the airtight sealing tape 81 having a rectangular cross section from between the wood 80 and the heat insulating material 51a to the contact surface of the heat insulating materials 51a and 51c, the airtightness here is improved, and It is possible to enable nailing to reach the tree 80.

The wood 80 is, for example, synthetic wood or wood, but it is preferable to use synthetic wood to prevent corrosion. In particular, synthetic wood made by low-foaming synthetic resin such as polystyrene is also effective because it has water resistance.

The foundation 21 is formed with an underfloor ventilation opening 61 which can be opened and closed through an underfloor opening / closing damper 60, and an underfloor space 62 is selectively communicated with the outside through the underfloor ventilation opening 61. The inner ventilation layer 52a and the underfloor space 62 are always communicated with each other through a ventilation passage 64 formed by interposing a spacer 63 between the base 21 and the base 22.

That is, as shown in FIG. 6, spacers 63 having a constant thickness are arranged at predetermined intervals on the upper surface of the base 21 having a flat upper surface, and the base 22 is placed on the upper surface of the spacer 63. Then, by fixing with an anchor bolt (not shown) or the like, a ventilation passage 64 surrounded by the pair of spacers 63, 63 and the foundation 21 and the base 22 is formed, and the inner ventilation layer 52 a is formed through the ventilation passage 64. The lower end of the space and the underfloor space 62 are always in communication with each other.

As shown in FIG. 7, the upper surface of the foundation 21 is normally flattened by the normalized mortar 65. In the middle of the normalized mortar 65, a filling material 66 such as a polypropylene foam is filled. By interposing the padding 66, the vent passage 64 is formed by removing the padding 66, or as shown in FIG. 8, a padding (not shown) is previously put in the form forming the foundation 21. It is also possible to form the ventilation passage 64 directly on the upper portion of the foundation 21 by removing the padding.

The air flowing through the inside ventilation layer 52a reaches above the board 46 from the ventilation hole 46a provided in the board 46. In addition,
As the heat insulating materials 51a and 51c, a synthetic resin foamed heat insulating material is preferable, and a foam plate having an independent fine structure obtained by foaming a synthetic resin such as polystyrene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, or polyurethane is preferable. Above all, it is effective to use an extruded polystyrene foam plate or a polyurethane board having a high degree of rigidity, heat insulation and high moisture permeability resistance, and the same applies hereinafter.

The heat insulating material 51a includes the heat insulating material 51a.
A second heat insulating material 53 made of the same material as the above and having a large number of cylindrical projections on the outdoor surface is airtightly attached via an airtight sealing tape or the like.
A second vertical furring strip 54a as a ventilation spacer is arranged and fixed at a position corresponding to the first vertical furring strip 50a on the surface of the.

As described above, the provision of the second heat insulating material 53 has a double heat insulating structure to improve the heat insulating / sealing effect, and also prevents the exterior material 55a described below from slackening or undulating. This is because.

Then, the exterior material 55a is stretched in the surface direction so as to come into contact with the second vertical furring strip 54a.
The outer ventilation layer 5 is provided between the heat insulating material 51a and the exterior material 55a.
6a is formed. On the other hand, the heat insulating material 5 of the foundation 21
An exterior material 55c is also provided outside 1c.

Examples of the exterior materials 55a and 55c include a mortar wall, a siding wall, and a concrete wall, but other wall materials may be used. The outer ventilation layer 56
The a is always open to the atmosphere at both upper and lower ends thereof, and thereby has the effect of exhausting moisture and exhausting heat.

The second vertical furring strip 54a is shown in FIG.
And, as shown in FIG. 2, a nail 90 (see FIG. 1) that extends downward to a position that covers the outside of the wood 80 and that passes through the heat insulating materials 51a and 53 and reaches the wood 80 is struck. The lower end is fixed by the nail 90. This prevents the lower end of the second vertical furring strip 54a from being fixed and fluttering.

Further, as shown in the figure, the upper portion of the ventilation drainage 91 extending downward is attached to the lower end of the second vertical furring strip 54a by hitting a nail 92 (see FIG. 2). Together with this, the exterior material 55a extends until it reaches below the second vertical furring strip 54a.

That is, as described above, the second vertical furring strip 54a
By fixing the lower end of the with a nail 90, the ventilation drainage 91 can be attached to this lower end. On the other hand, also on the outdoor side of the roof frame 25, a configuration similar to that of the outdoor side of the wall frame 24 is provided.

That is, on the surface of the board 46 of the roof frame 25, the first ventilation rafters 50b extending along the eaves from the ridge over substantially the entire width thereof are arranged and fixed at a predetermined interval. The heat insulating material 51b is stretched in the surface direction so as to come into contact with the ventilation rafters 50b. As a result, the inner ventilation layer having the same function as the inner ventilation layer 52a provided on the outer side of the wall frame 24 corresponding to the thickness of the first ventilation rafter 50b is provided between the board 46 and the heat insulating material 51b. The layer 52b is formed.

Here, the upper end of the inner ventilation layer 52a provided outside the wall frame 24 is always opened to the attic space 70, and the ventilation hole 46 provided in the board 46 is provided.
Both inner ventilation layers 52a and 52b communicate with each other via a, and a ridge ventilation opening 72 that can be opened and closed via a ridge opening / closing damper 71 is formed in a damper hut 73 standing on the ridge. Through the attic space 70 and the inner ventilation layer 5
2b is selectively open to the outside.

Further, the first portion on the upper surface of the heat insulating material 51b is
The second ventilation rafters 54b are arranged and fixed at a part of the position corresponding to the ventilation rafters 50b, and the roof material 55b contacts the second ventilation rafters 54a so that the roof material 55b is in the surface direction. The outer ventilation layer 56b is formed between the heat insulating material 51b and the roof material 55b.

Examples of the roof material 55b include a straw roof material, a straight roof material, and a flat sheet metal roof material, but other roof materials may be used. The outer ventilation layer 56b is always open to the outside on the ridge side and the eaves side so as to achieve a moisture exhausting and heat exhausting effect.

As described above, the outsides of the boards 31 and 46 attached to the outside of the wall frame 24 and the roof frame 25, respectively, are comprehensively surrounded by the heat insulating materials 51a and 51b, and the heat insulating materials 51a and 51b are sandwiched. By providing the inner ventilation layers 52a and 52b and the outer ventilation layers 56a and 56b on both sides of this, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation and improve the indoor thermal environment.

That is, the inner ventilation layers 52a and 52b and the outer ventilation layers 56a and 56b perform the functions of circulation, moisture removal and temperature removal depending on the weather conditions in the summer and winter, and in the summer heat pools are discharged. However, the temperature difference in the room can be reduced in winter.

In the above embodiment, first, the upper edge portion 21
The platform 80 is formed integrally with the a, and the platform 21 is constructed by covering the lower part of the tree 80 with the heat insulating material 51c, and the ventilation passage 64 is formed between the platform 21 and the base 22. By the construction method, a structural plywood or the like is attached in a planar shape on the base 22 to form the floor 23. And, the wall framework 24 for the first floor is erected on this floor 23,
After forming the second-floor floor 33, the second-floor wall frame 24 is erected and the roof frame 25 is erected, and in parallel with this, or after the frame is completed, the interior material 30 and the board 31 are attached to the wall frame 24.
In the roof frame 25, the ceiling material 45 and the board 46 are attached to the roof frame 25, and the ceiling materials 32 and 45 are further attached.
Etc.

Thereafter, the exterior material 55 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the foundation 21.
In the wall frame 24, the first vertical furring strip 51a and the heat insulating materials 51b, 5 are provided on the outdoor surface of the board 31.
In the roof frame 25, the third vertical furring strip 54a and the exterior material 55a are provided on the outdoor surface of the board 46, the first ventilation rafter 50b, the heat insulating material 51b, the second ventilation rafter 54b, and the second ventilation rafter 54b. By sequentially providing the roof material 55b,
The heat insulating materials 51c, 51a, 53 and 51b comprehensively surround the circumference of the building, and the heat insulating materials 51a, 5
The inner ventilation layers 52a, 52a,
52b and outer ventilation layers 56a, 56b may be provided.

At this time, the heat insulating material 51a that covers the outside of the wall framework 24 is extended downward until its lower end reaches the upper surface of the heat insulating material 51c that covers the foundation 24, so that the outside of the joint between the foundation 21 and the base 22 is extended. Is covered with a heat insulating material 51a to prevent a heat insulating defect from occurring therein, and the second vertical furring strip 54a is also extended downward so as to be located on the side of the tree 80, and the lower end thereof is nailed 90 Can be fixed with
Moreover, as described above, the lower end of the second vertical furring strip 54a is fixed with the nail 90.
The ventilation drainage 91 can be attached here by fixing with.

[0050]

Since the present invention has the above-mentioned structure,
The construction is relatively simple, and while retaining the advantages of the frame construction method that can secure a simple fireproof structure, the external heat insulation method with the inner ventilation layer and the outer ventilation layer is adopted to reliably prevent the occurrence of dew condensation. be able to. In addition, the outside of the base of the building, where insulation defects are likely to occur, is completely surrounded by the insulating material that extends down and covers the outside of the wall framework to secure the insulation performance here, and the insulation performance is inferior. It is possible to prevent that.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a connecting portion between a base and a wall showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the vicinity of an underfloor ventilation port.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the entire building.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of how to attach the wood.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the tree.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the base in an enlarged manner.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing another example of the foundation.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing still another example of the foundation.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a wall frame showing a conventional example.

FIG. 10 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the wall when the external heat insulating structure is adopted.

[Explanation of symbols]

 20 Building (airtight house) 23 Floor 24 Wall frame 25 Roof frame 30 Interior material 31,46 Board 50a First vertical furrow 50b First ventilation rafters 51a, 51b, 51c, 53 Insulation material 52a, 52b Inner ventilation layer 54a Second vertical furring strip 54b Second ventilation rafters 55a, 55c Exterior material 55b Roofing materials 56a, 56b Outside ventilation layer 62 Underfloor space 63 Spacer 64 Ventilation passageway 80 Wood 81 Airtight sealing tape 91 Ventilation drainer

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A ventilation passage is formed between a foundation whose outer peripheral surface except an upper edge is covered with a heat insulating material and a base above the foundation, and the ventilation passage is attached to the outside of a wall frame of the basic material constituting the wall. An upper surface of the heat insulating material that covers the foundation by stretching the heat insulating material on the outside of the board while forming a first vertical furring strip with a space between the board and forming an inner ventilation layer communicating with the ventilation passage. A second wood which extends downwards to the outside and which is arranged at intervals on the outer side of the heat insulating material forming the inner ventilation layer by interposing wood between the extending portion of this heat insulating material and the foundation. The exterior material which is stretched in the surface direction with the vertical furring strip interposed therebetween to form the outer ventilation layer, and the second vertical furring strip are extended downward to the outside of the tree. The structure around the base of the building by the frame construction method.