JPH0742262A - Roof structure of building by framework construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the generation of dew condensation positively by utilizing the advantage of simplicity on the execution of works and the security of simple fire resistance in a framework construction method, adopting an external heat- insulating system and installing an internal permeable layer and an external permeable layer on both sides of a heat-insulating material while holding the heat-insulating material. CONSTITUTION:A heat-insulating material 51b is disposed in tension in the surface direction while interposing first rafters 50b for ventilation arranged on the outside of a board 46 mounted on the outdoor side of a roof framework 25 assembled by stretching a plurality of rafters 42 between a ridge piece 40 and a fasica board 41 consisting of a base material at intervals, thus an internal permeable layer 52b is formed. Plywood for a roof backing, an asphalt roofing and a roof material 55b are arranged in tension in the surface direction while interposing second rafters 54b for ventilation disposed outside the heat-insulating material 51b at intervals, thus an external permeable layer 56b is formed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a roof structure of a building by a frame construction method typified by a 2 "* 4" (two-by-four) construction method. The present invention relates to a roof structure of a building by a frame construction method in a so-called airtight house, which has improved heat insulation and airtightness of the building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A frame construction method, for example, a 2 "× 4" construction method is
Nominal cross section is 2 inches x 4 inches (actual cross section is 3.
It is a construction method in which a frame is made of basic material of 8 cm x 8.9 cm) and various boards such as plywood are nailed to this frame, and the wall is piled up on the floor (platform). It has the advantage of being a simple fireproof structure.

Conventionally, in this type of frame construction method, a so-called high airtightness, in which the periphery of the building is comprehensively bent with a heat insulating material,
When making a high-insulation house, the so-called internal insulation method is adopted, and in order to further improve the moisture resistance, use a heat insulating material with a moisture-proof layer on the surface, or insulate especially for areas with a significant temperature difference. It has been common practice to individually provide a moisture-proof layer such as a moisture-proof film on the indoor side of the material.

That is, in the roof, as shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of rafters 3 are spanned from the ridge in the eaves direction between a horizontally extending purlin 1 and a nose cover 2 to form a roof frame 4 made of a basic material. A board 5 such as plywood or structural plywood is attached to the outside of the frame 4 by nailing, and the back side of the board 5 in the area surrounded by the purlin 1, the nose cover 2 and the pair of rafters 3. The heat insulating material 6 is attached from the above, and as the heat insulating material 6, a material having a moisture-proof layer on the surface on the indoor side is used, or the heat insulating material 6 is used in an area where the temperature difference is remarkable.
On the indoor side, a moisture-proof layer 7 such as a moisture-proof film having a thickness of 0.1 mm or more has been individually provided.

[0005]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, not only is it impossible to completely surround the roof frame with a heat insulating material without a gap, but also to prevent moisture from being generated due to a gap or scratching during construction. It is difficult to achieve sufficient moisture prevention due to layer breakage, etc. Therefore, dew condensation occurs especially inside the board, leading to corrosion of the board and frame material, which is the biggest drawback of the frame construction method. Was there.

In order to prevent this drawback, an external heat insulating structure in which a heat insulating material is arranged on the outside of the rafter is widely used in the conventional conventional frame construction method, and this heat insulating material is used. It is conceivable to provide an inner ventilation layer and an outer ventilation layer on both sides of the upper and lower sides of the layer.

That is, as shown in FIG. 8, by sandwiching the rafters 3 of the roof frame 4, a heat insulating material 6 is stretched on the outside of the roof frame, and an interior material 8 is stretched on the indoor side along the surface direction. The inner ventilation layer 9 is formed between the interior material 6 and the interior material 8, and the ventilation rafters 10 serving as ventilation spacers are attached to the outside of the heat insulating material 6 at a predetermined distance, and the roof is provided outside the ventilation rafters 10. It is conceivable that the base plywood, the roofing, and the roof material 11 are stretched in the surface direction to form the outer ventilation layer 12 between the heat insulating material 6 and the roof material 11.

However, when it is attempted to form the inner ventilation layer 9 between the heat insulating material 6 and the interior material 8, a space between the rafters 3 and 3 of the roof frame 4 which are adjacent to each other, as shown in FIG. Since the anti-roller 13 and the rafters (not shown) for reinforcing the inside are arranged so as to close the inner ventilation layer 9, the vent holes communicating with the inside of the anti-roller 13 and the rafters etc. Not only does it have to be provided, but when the roof frame 4 is built up by stacking it on the upper end of the wall frame, the roof frame 4 is constructed so that the inner ventilation layer 9 is closed.
There is a nose cover 2 and moreover, the ventilation holes cannot be provided in the purlin 1 and the nose cover 2, and in order to ensure the air permeability, for example, a frame is extended and a hole is made in the extended portion, which is quite troublesome. Work is required.

That is, in the frame construction method, it is difficult to provide the inner ventilation layer 9 between the heat insulating material 6 and the interior material 8 by adopting the outer heat insulating method. If the inner ventilation layer 9 is to be provided here. Not only is the construction quite complicated,
If ventilation holes are provided in the anti-roller 13 or the rafters or the like, the simple fire resistance cannot be ensured and the advantages of the frame construction method are completely lost.

In view of the above, the present invention takes advantage of the easiness of construction and the securement of simple fire resistance of the frame construction method, and adopts an external heat insulation method, and sandwiches a heat insulating material between the inner ventilation layers on both sides. An object of the present invention is to provide an outer ventilation layer so that dew condensation can be reliably prevented.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, the roof structure of a building by the frame construction method according to the present invention is assembled by arranging a plurality of rafters between a purlin made of a basic material and a nose cover. On the outside of the board attached to the outdoor side of the roof frame, a heat insulating material is stretched in the surface direction while interposing the first ventilation rafters arranged at intervals to form an inner ventilation layer. It is characterized in that an outer ventilation layer is formed by stretching a roof underlayer plywood, a roofing and a roofing material in the surface direction while interposing second ventilation rafters arranged at intervals on the outer side. .

[0012]

According to the present invention as described above, the roof frame is stacked and constructed on the wall frame made of the basic material by the usual frame construction method, and the roof frame is mounted on the outside of the roof frame. The first ventilation rafter, the heat insulating material, the second ventilation rafter, and the roof material are sequentially installed in a relatively simple method to secure the simple fire resistance, and the heat insulating material is provided on the outside of the board of the roof frame. An inner ventilation layer and an outer ventilation layer can be provided between them.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the figure, a building (airtight house) 20 according to the present embodiment has a floor 23 in which a board such as structural plywood is attached in a flat plate shape by a platform construction method on a base 22 laid on a foundation 21. Composed of this floor 2
Around the circumference of 3, a wall frame 24 constituting an outer wall is erected in two steps, and a roof frame 25 constituting a roof is installed on the upper wall frame 24.

In the 2 "× 4" construction method, the wall frame 24 has the same basic material extending vertically between an upper frame 26 and a lower frame 27 made of a basic material having a nominal cross section of 2 inches × 4 inches. A plurality of vertical frames (pillars and studs) consisting of are laid over, and a reinforcing detent is arranged between the vertical frames 28, 28 adjacent to each other, and further, if necessary, braces (not shown) It is constructed by straddling in the shape of a strip.

On the indoor side of the wall frame 24,
The interior material 30 is stretched in the surface direction, and a board 31 made of plywood, structural plywood, or the like is stretched in the surface direction on the outdoor side.

Here, the first floor and the second floor are separated by a ceiling material 32 and a second floor 33 which are stretched in the plane direction, and the wall frame 24 located in the upper stage is of the second floor 33. It is erected around.

As the board 31, in addition to the plywood and the structural plywood, there is a sean board or an OSB (Orient).
ed Strand Board), etc., and so on. On the other hand, the roof frame 25 is a purlin 40 made of a basic material.
A plurality of rafters 42, which are also made of the same basic material, are laid between the nose cover 41 and the nose cover 41, and the rafters 42 extending laterally around the purlin 40 are connected mainly by a ceiling joist 43 in a mountain shape. There is.

Between the rafters 42, 42 which are adjacent to each other, a fall stop, a rafter rafter, and a plywood receiver are arranged. A ceiling material 45 is attached to the lower surface of the ceiling joist 43 in the surface direction, and a board 46 made of plywood or structural plywood is provided on the outdoor side of the roof frame 25, that is, on the upper surface of the rafter 42. It is stretched in the plane direction.

Here, the wall frames 24 are connected to each other and the wall frame 24 and the roof frame 25 are connected to each other via a head joint 48, and are located above the head joint 48 connecting the wall frame 24 and the roof frame 25. The board 46 is provided with ventilation holes 46a for ventilation.

The above construction is based on the ordinary frame construction method, and by constructing in this way, the advantages of the frame construction method such as the simplicity of construction and the securement of simple fire resistance can be maintained.

Then, on the surface of the board 31 of the wall frame 24, first vertical furring strips 50a as ventilation spacers extending in the vertical direction over substantially the entire height of the outer wall are arranged and fixed at a predetermined interval, A heat insulating material 51a is stretched in the surface direction in contact with the first vertical furring strip 50a. Thereby, the inner ventilation layer 52a corresponding to the thickness of the first vertical furring strip 50a is formed between the board 31 and the heat insulating material 50a.

On the other hand, on the surface of the board 46 of the roof frame 25, first ventilation rafters 50b as ventilation spacers extending over almost the entire length of the eaves from the ridge are arranged and fixed at predetermined intervals. 1 ventilation rafter 50b
The heat insulating material 51a is stretched in the surface direction by abutting on the inner surface of the board 46 and the heat insulating material 51b, thereby forming an inner ventilation layer 52b corresponding to the thickness of the first ventilation rafter 50b. There is.

That is, the outside of the boards 31 and 46 is covered with the heat insulating material 5.
The outer heat insulating structure covered with 1a, 51b prevents dew condensation on the inside of the boards 31, 46 during the winter season, and moreover, the inner ventilation layer 52a, between the boards 31, 46 and the heat insulating materials 51a, 51b. 52b is provided to discharge the heat pool in the room in the summer and to perform the function of discharging moisture and exhausting heat.

Here, the foundation 21 is formed with an underfloor ventilation opening 61 which can be opened and closed through an underfloor opening / closing damper 60,
The underfloor space 62 is selectively communicated to the outside through the underfloor ventilation port 61, and further, the wall is provided through an opening formed by, for example, interposing a spacer 63 between the foundation 21 and the base 22. Inner ventilation layer 52 on the outside of the framework 24
The a and the underfloor space 62 are configured to always communicate with each other.

The upper end of the inner ventilation layer 52a outside the wall framework 24 is always open to the attic space 70, and the inner ventilation layers 52a and 52b are mutually connected via the ventilation hole 46a formed in the board 46. A building ventilation opening 72 that is connected to the building and that can be opened and closed via a building opening / closing damper 71 is formed in a damper hut 73 standing on the building.
The attic space 70 and the inner ventilation layer 52b are selectively opened to the outside via the.

As the heat insulating materials 51a and 51b, a synthetic resin foam heat insulating material is preferable, and a foam plate having an independent fine structure obtained by foaming a synthetic resin such as polystyrene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane is preferable. . Above all, it is effective to use an extruded polystyrene foam plate or a polyurethane board having a high degree of rigidity, heat insulation and moisture resistance.

Further, the heat insulating material 5 on the outside of the wall frame 24
A second heat insulating material 53, which is made of the same material as the heat insulating material 51a and has a large number of cylindrical projections on the outdoor surface, is airtightly attached to the la 1a via an airtight sealing tape or the like. At the position corresponding to the first vertical furring strip 50a on the surface of the second heat insulating material 53, the second spacer as a ventilation spacer is formed.
The vertical furring strip 54a is arranged and fixed.

As described above, the provision of the second heat insulating material 53 has a double heat insulating structure to improve the heat insulating / sealing effect, and also prevents the exterior material 55a described below from slackening or waviness. This is because.

Then, the exterior material 55a is stretched in the surface direction so as to come into contact with the second vertical furring strip 54a.
The outer ventilation layer 5 is provided between the heat insulating material 51a and the exterior material 55a.
6a is formed.

As the exterior material 55a, a mortar wall,
Examples include siding walls and concrete walls, but other wall materials may be used. The outer ventilation layer 56a is always open to the atmosphere at both upper and lower ends thereof, and thereby has a function of discharging moisture and discharging heat.

On the other hand, a second ventilation rafter 54b is arranged and fixed at a part of a position corresponding to the first ventilation rafter 50b on the upper surface of the heat insulating material 51b outside the roof frame 24. Along with the second ventilation rafters 54a, the plywood for roof base, roofing and roof material 55
b is stretched in the surface direction, whereby the heat insulating material 51
An outer ventilation layer 56b is formed between b and the roof material 55b.

Examples of the roof material 55b include a straw roof material, a straight roof material, and a flat sheet metal roof material, but other roof materials may be used. The outer ventilation layer 56b is always open to the outside on the ridge side and the eaves side so as to achieve a moisture exhausting and heat exhausting effect.

As described above, the outsides of the boards 31 and 46 attached to the outside of the wall frame 24 and the roof frame 25, respectively, are comprehensively surrounded by the heat insulating materials 51a and 51b, and the heat insulating materials 51a and 51b are sandwiched. By providing the inner ventilation layers 52a and 52b and the outer ventilation layers 56a and 56b on both sides of this, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation and improve the indoor thermal environment.

That is, the inner ventilation layers 52a and 52b and the outer ventilation layers 56a and 56b perform the functions of circulation, moisture removal and temperature removal depending on the weather conditions in summer and winter, and in the summer heat pools are discharged. However, the temperature difference in the room can be reduced in winter.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, first, the floor 23 is formed by laminating the structural plywood or the like on the foundation 21 in a planar manner by the platform construction method. Then, a wall frame 24 for the first floor is erected on this floor 23, a floor 33 for the second floor is formed, and then a wall frame 24 for the second floor is erected and a roof frame 25.
Is installed, and in parallel with this, or after the frame is completed, the interior material 30 and the board 31 are attached to the wall frame 24, and the roof frame 2
Also in No. 5, the ceiling material 45 and the board 46 are attached respectively, and further the ceiling materials 32, 45 and the like are attached.

Thereafter, in the wall frame 24, the first vertical furring strip 50a, the heat insulating materials 51b and 53, the second vertical furring strip 54a and the exterior material 55a are formed on the outdoor surface of the board 31.
In the roof frame 25, the first ventilation rafter 50b, the heat insulating material 51b, the second ventilation rafter 54b, and the roof material 55b are sequentially provided on the outdoor side surface of the board 46, whereby the heat insulating material 51a, 53 and 51b comprehensively surrounds the periphery of the building, and this heat insulating material 51a,
On both sides of 53 and 51b, the inner ventilation layer 52 is provided.
a, 52b and outer ventilation layers 56a, 56b may be provided.

[0037]

Since the present invention has the above-mentioned structure,
While retaining the advantages of the frame construction method, which is relatively simple to construct and can secure a simple fireproof structure, the outside of the board mounted on the outside of the roof frame is comprehensively surrounded by a heat insulating material, and this heat insulation is also performed. An inner ventilation layer and an outer ventilation layer can be provided on both the upper and lower sides of the material with the material sandwiched therebetween, which has the effect of preventing dew condensation, improving durability, and improving the indoor thermal environment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a building showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a connecting portion between the base and the wall.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the vicinity of an underfloor ventilation port.

FIG. 4 is likewise a vertical cross-sectional view of a connecting portion between a wall and a roof.

[FIG. 5] Similarly, a vertical cross-sectional view of the roof ridge.

FIG. 6 is a horizontal sectional view of the roof.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a roof frame showing a conventional example.

FIG. 8 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the roof when the external heat insulating structure is adopted.

[Explanation of symbols]

 20 building (airtight house) 23 floor 24 wall frame 25 roof frame 26 upper frame 27 lower frame 28 vertical frame 30 interior material 31,46 board 40 purlin 41 nose cover 42 rafter 43 ceiling joist 50a first vertical furrow 50b first Ventilation rafters 51a, 51b, 53 Heat insulation materials 52a, 52b Inner ventilation layer 54a Second vertical furring strip 54b Second ventilation rafters 55a Exterior materials 55b Roofing materials 56a, 56b Outside ventilation layers

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location E04D 12/00 H 9025-2E

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first vent for ventilation, which is arranged outside the board mounted on the outside of a roof frame assembled by arranging a plurality of rafters between a purlin made of a basic material and a nose cover. Insulating material is stretched in the surface direction while interposing rafters to form an inner ventilation layer, and on the outside of the heat insulating material, a second ventilation rafter arranged at intervals is interposed and a roof substrate plywood, A roof structure of a building by a frame construction method, in which roofing and roofing materials are stretched in the surface direction to form an outer ventilation layer.