JPH0747297A - Shear crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify replacement work and to reduce a cost by dispersively fixing replaceable blades to the circumference of a rotor, and replacing only the blade when edge has been worn out and sharpness has made dull and also in which assembly and disassembly to/from a longitudinal is easily performed by vertically dividing a bearing scraper into two. CONSTITUTION:This shear crusher is provided with a nearly rectangular parallelepiped-shaped casing which has an opening for charging the material to be treated in the upside and has the discharge port of sheared material in the lower part, at least two pieces of rotary shafts 20 rotated and driven so as to bite up and down in the casing, blade-loading rotors 25 provided apart so as to mutually overlap with the rotor of the shaft adjacent to the respective shafts and replaceable blades 31, 35 provided part in the circumferential direction so as to approach the blade of the shaft adjacent to the rotors 25 during rotation and to perform shearing action. Further, a bearing scraper is provided to a longitudinal fixed to the insides of the respective side walls of the casing. The bearing scraper is equipped with the bearing-circular arcuate parts which are fitted from the upper and low parts and mutually combined and also approach the circular part between the rotors 25.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shearing and crushing machine for shearing and crushing bulky refuse such as beds, refrigerators, drums, car bodies, tires and wood.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a shear crusher of this type, FIG.
Separate mono-cutters or piece cutters as shown in Fig. 1 and an integral bearing scraper with arcuate parts on each side wall of the casing close to the circular part of the rotating shaft between the cutters. Then there is a fixed one.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, in such a shear crusher, since the shear crushing work is performed between the both side edge edges of the blades which overlap the object to be processed, the side edge edges of the blades are greatly worn. Therefore, the blades will be replaced relatively often,
In the above mono-cutter and piece cutter, the replacement cost becomes very large because they must be hard and rich in toughness. In addition, the support scraper plate also prevents the shaft from bending outward when a hard workpiece is caught between the two shaft blades, and is rotated by the inner blade of the fragment after crushing. It is a thing that is hit down when it hits, and it is often damaged due to a large load, and it is replaced. In addition to the disadvantage that a single piece is large and heavy, it is difficult to work, and there is a problem that it is difficult to adjust the position when the spacing between the blades is changed.

The shear crusher of the present invention eliminates the above-mentioned inconveniences of the prior art, in which the blades are dispersed and fixed around the rotor, and only the blades whose edges are worn away and become less sharp are replaced. In addition to simplifying the work and reducing the cost, the vertical division of the support scraper makes it easier to assemble and disassemble the stringer so that the replacement work can be done easily, and the blade thickness can be easily changed. The purpose is to obtain a structure that can be relocated in accordance with.

[0005]

The shearing and crushing machine of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is a substantially crusher having an opening for charging a material to be treated and an outlet for discharging a material to be sheared downward. A rectangular parallelepiped casing, and at least two rotary shafts that are rotationally driven so as to be engaged in the casing from top to bottom;
Blade-installed rotors that are spaced apart from each other so that they overlap each other, and circumferentially spaced so as to perform a shearing action while rotating with those of the adjacent shafts. The replaceable blade, the stringer fixed to the inside of each side wall of the casing, and the stringer engaged with the stringer from above and below and coupled to each other and to the circular portion between the rotors of the rotary shaft. It is characterized in that it is composed of a support scraper having adjacent support arcs.

[0006]

EXAMPLES AND ACTIONS Representative examples of the shear crusher of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of the shear crusher of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a right side view of the crusher, FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of a main part of the crusher, and FIG.
4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a hook-shaped blade.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a rectangular parallelepiped blade, and FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view of an additional blade applied to the crusher.

1 to 5, a shear crusher 1 for chopping coarse dust into pieces as described above has a coarse dust input opening 11 at an upper portion and a fragment discharge port 12 at a lower portion. A casing 10 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and two rotating shafts 2 that are rotationally driven at a non-constant speed so that the casing 10 engages from top to bottom as indicated by arrows R1 and R2.
0, 20 and blade-installed rotors 25, which are spaced in the longitudinal direction so as to mutually overlap those of each shaft 20,
.. and a hook-shaped blade 31 and a rectangular parallelepiped blade 35 that are separably replaceable in the circumferential direction so as to perform a shearing action on the rotor 25, ... , Longitudinal members 41, 41 fixed to the insides of the side walls 15, 15 of the casing 10 in parallel with the shaft 20, and engaged with the longitudinal members 41 from above and below and connected to each other by a tie bolt B1 and rotated. Circular part 2 consisting of collar between shaft 20 rotors
8 and the supporting scrapers 45 and 46 provided with the arcuate portion 48, and the rotation driving device 5 for the shafts 20 and 20.
It is composed of 0 and 50.

In the casing 10, the hopper 11a is connected to the charging opening 11, and the discharging chute 12 is connected to the discharging port 12.
It is installed on the pedestal 5 for connecting a, and the reinforcing rib 15a is fixed to the outer surface of the side wall 15. The upper beams of the end walls 16, 16 and the retainer of the bearing B are detached so that the shafts 20, 20 can be lifted upward for maintenance or blade replacement, but they are subject to a biting reaction force. It's built to be durable.

The inside of the casing of the rotary shaft 20 has a polygonal cross-section such as a regular hexagon, and the bearing 20a, the rotor 25, ...
, And collars 28, ... Forming screw portions 20b that are screwed together with nuts 29, 29 that overlap and fasten the collars 28 toward the input side flange 20c. The input side also has a bearing 20d outside the flange 20c. One shaft 20 has an input portion on the left side and the other shaft 20 has an input portion on the right side, and the rotors 25, ...
8, ... Further blades 31, 35 can be assembled,
Easy to assemble and maintain.

The rotor 25 has a polygonal hole such as a regular hexagon that engages with the shaft 20 at the center thereof and has, for example, 120 °.
The claw-shaped swelled portions 25a, ... Are formed at a pitch interval of, and the wax groove 25b for fitting and fixing the hook-shaped blade 31 is formed therein, and the rectangular parallelepiped-shaped blade 35 is fitted in the intermediate portion thereof. A sealing wax groove 25c for fixing is formed. By the fitting wax fitting in the marking wax grooves 25b and 25c, the blades 31 and 35 are completely prevented from being displaced in the axial direction, and the adjacent rotor 2
The shear fracture by the blades 31 and 35 of 5 is secured. In the former wax groove 25b, there are two screw holes h1 for push bolts.
One tie bolt through hole h2 penetrating from the back of the bulge portion 25a is formed, and two screw holes h3 for push bolts are formed in the latter wax groove 25c. Rotor 2
5 are attached to the shaft 20 while being separated by a collar 28 that is slightly wider than the blades 31 and 35.

As shown in FIG. 6, the hook-shaped blade 31 fixed in the wax groove 25b of the rotor 25 in the screw holes h1 and h2 is a blade 31 of the opposite shaft which bites into the oversized trash.
It acts to push into the shearing action portion with 35 and shears and crushes. As shown in FIG. 7, the rectangular parallelepiped blade 35 fixed in the wax groove 25c of the rotor 25 in the screw hole h3 performs shear fracture with the blades 31 and 35 of the opposing shaft. It is the side edges that are exposed from the rotor 25 of the blades 31, 35 that perform the shearing action, and the edges are regenerated during the shearing, but the wear is large, and the replacement is performed quite frequently. It is easily done by loosening or tightening bolts or tie bolts. Both blades 31 and 35 are made of a hard and tough material such as tool steel. The shearing action increases as the rotational speed difference between the two shafts 20, 20 increases, but if it is too large, the crushing efficiency decreases, so a speed difference of about 25% is desirable. An additional blade 36 as shown in FIG. 8 can be fixed to the side edge of the rotor 25 according to the object to be processed. Also the blade 31,
The front and rear edges of 35 are chamfered (chamfered) so that they do not collide strongly with the blades 31 and 35 of the opposed shafts when they overlap, even if they are misaligned.

The stringer 41 has a cross section having locking projections 41a and 41b projecting vertically inside, and supports the support scrapers 45 and 46 slightly narrower than the collar 28 to the locking portions 45a and 41a. 46a is fitted so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction. Positioning of the support scrapers 45, 46
It is performed by fastening with tie bolts B1 and B1.
The lower scraper 46 is further supported at its lower end by a support bar 49, which acts to scrape off the debris that has adhered to the blades 31, 35 and to cooperate with the upper scraper 45 so that their inner ends are In the bearing arc-shaped portion 48 to be formed, the rotary shaft 20, via the collar 28,
Prevents outward deformation of 20 under heavy load (for small load,
A gap of about 1 to 2 mm is formed with respect to the collar 28). Since the scrapers 45 and 46 are divided into two, they can be easily assembled and disassembled, and their positions can be easily adjusted according to the width change of the blades 31 and 35.

The rotary drive unit 50 includes rotary shafts 20, 20.
They are provided outside the left and right end walls 16, 16 of the casing 10 for each 10 to 30 r.p.m. so that a rotational speed difference of about 25% occurs. p. m. It is driven to rotate at the speed of
Reversible motors 51, 51 installed at the bottom of the gantry 5.
And power transmission means 52, 52 such as a chain, and a speed reducer 5.
3, 53, and the input portion 2 of the rotary shaft 20, 20 on the output shaft thereof
0e and 20e are connected to each other, and the control section thereof is also provided with an overload detecting means for reversely rotating a few revolutions when an overload occurs. Although shearing can be performed by rotating at a constant speed, the shearing efficiency of the one having the above speed difference is good.

At the bottom of the casing 10, a plurality of grids adjacent to the arcs of the blade edges of the blades 31 and 35 may be provided in combination with a vertical partition member and a transverse partition plate. Further, one rotary drive device 50 may be provided outside one end wall 16 of the casing 10 so that the rotary shafts 20 and 20 are coupled to two output shafts having different speeds of the speed reducer. Good.

[0015]

As described above, according to the shearing and crushing machine of the present invention, the blades are dispersed and fixed around the rotor, and only the blades whose edges are worn away and become less sharp are replaced. The replacement work can be simplified and the cost can be reduced. In addition, the support scraper can be divided into two parts up and down to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the stringer to facilitate the replacement work and the change of the blade thickness. It can be relocated according to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a shear crusher of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the crusher.

FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of a main part of the crusher.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a hook-shaped blade.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a rectangular parallelepiped blade.

FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view of an additional blade applied to the crusher.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a mono cutter and a piece cutter of a conventional shear crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Casing 11 Input opening 12 Discharge port 15 Side wall 20 Rotating shaft 25 Blade-equipped rotor 31 Hook-shaped blade 35 Rectangular parallelepiped blade 41 Longitudinal material 45, 46 Bearing scraper 48 Bearing arc-shaped portion

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A casing having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape having an opening for inputting an object to be processed and an outlet for shearing an object to be processed, and rotationally driven so as to be engaged in the casing from top to bottom. At least two rotary shafts, blade-mounted rotors that are spaced apart so as to mutually overlap with those of the shafts adjacent to each shaft, And replaceable blades that are circumferentially separated so as to perform shearing action, stringers fixed to the inside of each side wall of the casing, and the stringers are engaged with each other from above and below and connected to each other. And a support scraper having a support arcuate portion adjacent to the circular portion between the rotors of the rotary shaft. 2. The shear crusher according to claim 1, wherein the pair of rotating shafts are rotated at a non-uniform speed. 3. The shear crusher according to claim 1, wherein the replaceable blade comprises a hook-shaped blade and a rectangular parallelepiped blade which are fitted to the rotor by a wax seal. 4. The upper and lower two-divided bearing scrapers engage with the upper stringer at their respective locking portions so that they can be relocated in the longitudinal direction corresponding to the distance between the blade mounting rotors, and tie bolts. The shear crusher according to claim 1, wherein the shear crusher is tightly coupled by means of.