JP2665453B2 - Shear crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shear crusher for shearing and crushing bulky waste such as beds, refrigerators, drums, car bodies, tires, wood, and the like, and more particularly to an improvement in a cutting blade used in such a shear crusher. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, this type of shearing crusher is shown in FIG. 1 in a state in which two shearing shafts mutually overlap and enter two rotating shafts which are driven to rotate at unequal speed so as to bite from top to bottom.
A mono-cutter or a piece-cutter as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 11 is provided, and each side wall of the casing has an arc-shaped portion close to the circular portion of the rotating shaft between the cutters. There is a type in which integral support scrapers that suppress deformation to the shape and function as scrapers are individually fixed using bolt holes in the side walls.

[0003]

However, in such a shearing and crushing machine, since the shearing and crushing operation is performed between both side edges of the cutting blades which overlap the object to be processed, wear of the side edges of the blades is reduced. Is big. Therefore, the blade must be replaced relatively frequently.
The rotating shaft has to be removed from the casing, slid in the axial direction and pulled out, and a new monocutter has to be inserted, which is very troublesome. In addition, the above-mentioned piece cutters have a problem that high accuracy is required for manufacturing individual cutter pieces and mounting strength and mounting position holding force tend to be insufficient when manufacturing costs increase.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and allows for easy replacement of the cutting blade, easy manufacture of the cutting blade, and firm mounting and fixing to the rotating shaft. It is an object of the present invention to provide a shear crusher provided with a cutting blade capable of performing the cutting.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, a shear crusher according to the present invention has an inlet for an object to be treated at an upper portion and an outlet for a sheared object at a lower portion. A rectangular parallelepiped casing, and at least two rotating shafts rotationally driven to bite from top to bottom in the casing;
A blade-mounted rotor that is axially offset and spaced from each other so as to form a mutual relationship with an adjacent one of the opposed shafts, and the edges of the adjacent rotors around the rotor and the edges thereof during rotation. A cutting edge mounted so as to perform a shearing action in close proximity, the cutting edge being divided at least into two in the circumferential direction, and each of the divided cutting edges is directed outward at a rotational end. Each of the divided cutting blades having a protruding biting tooth and being interconnected at a circumferential contact portion and being locked to the rotor via a key at an inner peripheral portion, wherein each of the divided cutting blades is located behind the biting tooth. From one another, the bolts are passed through the rear ends of adjacent divided cutting blades and fastened to each other by a bolt, and are locked via a ridge in a locking groove facing one axial direction of the outer peripheral portion of the rotor. I have.

Each of the rotating shafts has a collar having an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the rotor between adjacent rotors, and at least an outer peripheral surface of the collar presses a side surface of the cutting blade attached to the rotor on a groove locking side. Also, the pressing ring divided into two is fixed. Furthermore,
A holding ring fixed to the rotating shaft via a collar is supported by an arc surface at the inner end of the scraper protruding from the inner surface of the side wall of the casing.

[0007]

In the shear crusher having the above-mentioned structure, the object to be processed introduced into the casing from above is bitten and sheared by the cutting blades of at least two rotor shafts which are driven to rotate in the opposite direction, and are cut downward. Is discharged. The rotors are attached to each other adjacent to each shaft so as to be mutually offset and axially displaced from each other, so that the cutting edge attached to the rotor is in sliding contact with the adjacent cutting edge and is like "scissors". The object to be processed is sheared. The cutting edge is divided into at least two parts in the circumferential direction, and when the cutting edge is worn out, disconnect the connection at the circumferential contact part, remove it upward or downward, and remove it to the side to make a new one. Can be easily replaced. Each of the divided cutting blades is provided with a tooth which protrudes outward at an end in the rotation direction, and is fastened and connected to each other by a bolt which passes from the rear of the tooth to the rear end of an adjacent divided cutting blade in front. As a result, it is connected at the circumferential contact portion and is integrated over the entire circumference, and performs shearing work with the adjacent cutting edge of the opposed shaft while dispersing the biting impact received by the biting tooth throughout. Will be. In addition, each of the divided cutting blades is keyed to the rotor and is locked via a ridge in the side groove on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor, so that a stable fixed state is ensured during the shearing work, and the contact between the blades is prevented. There is no escape. Since the cutting blade is divided only in the circumferential direction, the divided cutting blades are individually manufactured and then connected integrally in a ring shape, so that the inner diameter correction processing and side surface polishing can be easily performed, making the production relatively easy. Can be done.

Further, a collar is attached to the shaft between the rotors,
By fixing a two-part presser ring for holding the cutting blade on the groove locking side surface of the cutting blade, the fixing of the cutting blade becomes more reliable and the work of replacing the cutting blade can be easily performed. By causing the inner end arc surface of the scraper to abut on the presser ring, deformation of the rotary shaft to the outside during the biting and shearing operation can be suppressed.

[0009]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a shear crusher according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a front view of the shear crusher of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a right side view of the crusher, FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of a main part of the crusher, and FIG.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line V-IV, FIG. 5 is a front view of the cutting blade, FIG.
7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a front view of the rotor, and FIG. 8 is VIII-VIII in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a front view of the collar and the holding ring, and FIG.

In FIG. 1 to FIG. 9, the above-described shearing and crushing machine 1 for chopping bulky trash into broken pieces has an inlet 11 for bulky trash above and a discharge port 12 for flakes below. A casing 10 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and two rotating shafts 2 rotationally driven at irregular speeds so as to bite from top to bottom as indicated by arrows R1 and R2 in the casing 10.
0, 20 and a blade-mounted rotor 25 which is longitudinally spaced so as to overlap with each of the shafts 20, and comes into close contact with the outer periphery of the rotor 25 while rotating with the other shaft 20. A cutting blade 30 mounted so as to perform a shearing action, longitudinal members 41, 41 fixed inside the respective side walls 15, 15 of the casing 10 in parallel with the shaft 20, and engaging the longitudinal member 41 from above and below. Bearing scrapers 45, 46 joined together by tie bolts B <b> 1 and having an arcuate portion 48 proximate the circular portion 28 comprising a collar and a holding ring between the rotors of the rotating shaft 20, and each shaft 20, 20. And the rotary drive devices 50, 50.

A casing 10 has a hopper 11a connected to a charging opening 11, and a discharge chute 12 connected to a discharge port 12.
a is mounted on the gantry 5 to connect the a, and a reinforcing rib 15 a is fixed to the outer surface of the side wall 15. In order to raise the shafts 20 and 20 upward for maintenance and inspection, the horizontal upper beams of the end walls 16 and 16 and the presser of the bearing B are removed. It is built tough.

The rotating shaft 20 is a round shaft and a cutting blade mounted rotor 25.
And a key groove into which a key K for locking the collar 28a in the circumferential direction is inserted. The bearing 20a, the rotor 25 and the collar 28a are directed to the input side flange 20c from the outside in the reduced diameter cylindrical portion at the end. Nut 29, 2
9 and a screw portion 20b to be screwed. The input side also has a bearing 20d outside the flange 20c. One shaft 20 has an input portion on the left side and the other shaft 20 has an input portion on the right side. The rotor 25 and the collar 28a can be assembled in exactly the same arrangement, and the cutting edge 31 can be assembled. And facilitates maintenance.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the rotor 25 has, at its center hole, two key grooves 25a for engaging with the key K which is circumferentially locked to the rotating shaft 20 at a pitch of 180 °. ,
Also, three key grooves 25b are formed on the outer peripheral portion at a pitch of 120 ° to be fitted with the key K for locking the cutting blade 31 in the circumferential direction. All the rotors 25 are divided into three equal parts by a key groove 25b in the circumferential direction on one half of the outer periphery, and three banks 25c are formed.
Are formed on the inner surface of each of them.
5d is formed.

The cutting blade 30 is composed of three equally divided cutting blades 31 attached to the outer periphery of the rotor 25, as shown in FIGS. A tooth 31a protruding outward at the direction end and a lowered portion 31b behind the tooth 31a. The connecting bolt b is passed from behind the tooth 31a to the rear end of the cutting blade 31 on the front side in the rotational direction. A hole 32a and a bolt head seat 32b are formed. The cutting blade 31 has a screw hole 32c for the connecting bolt b at the rear end of the lower rear portion 31b, and a key groove 32d for fitting with the key K to be locked to the rotor 25 at the inner portion. ing. The inner peripheral portion of the cutting blade 31 forms a bank 31c of the other half which is combined with the outer peripheral portion of the one half in the axial direction of the rotor 25.
Ridge 3 that engages with the blade cutting groove 25d of the rotor
1d protrudes. Thus, the cutting blade 31 is locked in the radial direction by the key K in the circumferential direction by the engagement of the ridge 31d and the locking groove 25d, and is locked in the axial direction by the pressing ring 28b described later. 25. Cutting blade 31 is opposite shaft 2
During the operation, the processing object bitten by the biting teeth 31a is sheared at the edge 31e of the shoulder portion and the shoulder portion adjacent to the zero. The shearing action increases as the difference between the rotational speeds of the two shafts 20, 20 increases. However, if the difference is too large, the efficiency of the crushing treatment decreases. Therefore, a difference in speed of about 25% is desirable.

The collar 28a, which separates the rotor 25, is slightly slightly wider in the axial direction than the cutting edge 31 in order to secure a shearing action. 20. Cutting blade 3 as described above
After assembling 1 into the rotor 25 from one axial direction, a pressing ring 28b having a height reaching the outer surface of the cutting blade 31 is fixed to the collar 28a with a bolt to prevent the cutting blade 31 from shifting in the axial direction. . The press ring 28b is equally divided in the circumferential direction. The replacement of the cutting blade 31 is performed by first removing the connecting bolt, removing the holding ring 28b, loosening it with the jack bolt, and then extracting it in the axial direction.

The longitudinal member 41 in the side wall of the casing has a cross section having locking projections 41a and 41b projecting upward and downward on the inside, and is provided with bearing scrapers 45 and 46 slightly narrower than the circular portion 28. The engaging portions 45a and 46a are fitted so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction. Bearing scraper 45,
The positioning of 46 is performed by fastening with tie bolts B1, B1. The lower scraper 46 is further supported at its lower end by a support bar 49,
In the bearing arc-shaped portion 48 formed by the inner ends thereof in cooperation with the upper scraper 45, the rotating shafts 20, 20
Is prevented via the presser ring 28b and the collar 28a when the load is large.
A gap of about 1 to 2 mm is formed between the pressing ring 28b and the pressing ring 28b). Since the scrapers 45 and 46 are divided into two parts, assembly and disassembly are easily performed, and the position of the scrapers 45 and 46 is easily adjusted in response to a change in the width of the cutting blade 31.

The rotation driving device 50 is provided with each of the rotation shafts 20, 20.
Each of them is provided outside the left and right end walls 16 of the casing 10 and has a rotational speed difference of about 10 to 30 r. p. m, and reversible motors 51, 51 installed at the bottom of the gantry 5.
, Power transmission means 52 such as a chain, and a speed reducer 5
3, 53, and the input part 2 of the rotary shafts 20, 20 on the output shaft.
The control unit is also provided with an overload detecting means that reverses a few rotations when an overload occurs. Although shearing can be performed even at a constant speed, shearing efficiency is better when there is the above speed difference.

The cutting blade 31 is appropriately divided into four equal parts and five equal parts according to the shaft diameter and the like in addition to the three equal parts, and is directly fixed to the rotor 25 by fixing bolts in addition to being connected to the front and rear parts. You can also.

[0019]

As described above, according to the shearing crusher of the present invention, the cutting blade can be easily replaced, and more stable fixing to the rotor can be performed, so that effective shearing can be achieved. The crushing can be continued, and the production of the cutting blade can be easily and accurately performed. In particular, when the divided cutting blade is further pressed and fixed in the axial direction by the pressing ring as in claims 2 and 3, the fixing of the cutting blade becomes more reliable and the replacement of the cutting blade is more easily performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a shear crusher of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the crusher.

FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of a main part of the crusher.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the cutting blade.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a front view of a rotor.

8 is a partially cutaway sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a front view of a collar and a holding ring.

FIG. 10 is a front view of a conventional monocutter cutting blade.

FIG. 11 is a front view of a conventional piece cutter cutting blade.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shear crusher 10 Casing 11 Injection opening 12 Discharge port 15 Side wall 20 Rotating shaft 25 Blade mounting rotor 25d Cutting blade locking groove 28a Collar 28b Pressing ring 30 Cutting blade 31 Split cutting blade 31a Biting teeth 31d Ridges 45, 46 Scraper K key

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A casing having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape having an upper opening for charging an object to be processed and an outlet for discharging a sheared object downward, and rotationally driven so as to bite from top to bottom in the casing. At least two rotating shafts, a blade-mounted rotor spaced apart in the axial direction so as to be interdigitated with an adjacent shaft of each shaft, and a peripheral portion of the rotor. And a cutting edge mounted so that edges are close to each other and perform a shearing action during rotation, and the cutting edge is divided into at least two in the circumferential direction. In a shearing crusher, the divided cutting edge has an outwardly projecting biting tooth at a rotation direction end and is interconnected at a circumferential contact portion and is locked to the rotor via a key at an inner peripheral portion. Each of the divided cutting edges is adjacent to the divided cutting edge from behind the tooth. A shearing crusher, which is fastened and connected to each other by a bolt passing through the rear end of the blade, and is locked via a ridge in a locking groove facing one axial direction of the outer peripheral portion of the rotor. . 2. Each of the rotating shafts has a collar having an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the rotor between adjacent rotors, and the outer peripheral surface of the collar has a side surface on a groove locking side of a cutting blade attached to the rotor. 2. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein at least a presser ring that is divided into two and presses the presser ring is fixed. 3. The crusher according to claim 2, wherein the press ring fixed to the rotating shaft via a collar is supported by an arc surface at an inner end of a scraper protruding from an inner surface of a side wall of the casing.