JPH074547B2 - Vertical crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention, by cooperation of a rotary table and a crushing roller,
The present invention relates to a vertical crusher for crushing cement raw materials, coal, chemicals, etc.

[Prior Art] A vertical crusher equipped with a rotary table and a roller is widely used as a kind of crusher which crushes powder such as cement raw material, coal, and chemicals into fine powder. This type of crusher is a disk-shaped rotary table that is driven at low speed by a reducer-equipped motor at the lower part of a cylindrical casing, and is pressed by hydraulic pressure or the like to a portion that equally divides the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface in the circumferential direction. And a plurality of rollers that are driven to rotate.

In this vertical crusher, the powder as the raw material supplied to the center of the rotary table by the supply pipe receives centrifugal force in the radial direction of the table due to the rotation of the table and slides on the table in the direction of rotation when sliding on the table. It receives force and slides against the table to make a rotation slightly slower than the table rotation speed. The above two forces, that is, the force in the radial direction and the force in the rotation direction are combined, and the powder moves to the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table in a spiral trajectory on the table. Since the roller is pressed against the outer periphery of the roller and is rotating, the granular material in which the spiral is drawn enters between the roller and the rotary table from a direction forming an angle with the roller axial direction and is bitten therein. Smash.

On the other hand, hot air is guided by a duct to the base of the casing, and this hot air is used to blow airflow between the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table and the inner peripheral surface of the casing (this passage is referred to as an annular space portion in this specification). That is, the fine powder rises in the casing while being dried, and is discharged from the discharge port as a mixture with the hot air and sent to the next step.

By the way, the object to be crushed supplied to the crusher is rarely crushed to the fine grain size required by this crusher even if it is subjected to the crushing action by the crushing roller once, and it falls to the center of the rotary table. Since all the crushed objects are not bitten by the crushing roller, even if the powder and granules reaching the outer peripheral end of the rotary table ride on the hot air flow rising from the annular space and rise, By the time it reaches the separator installed in the upper part, it falls on the way depending on its particle size, or is classified and eliminated by the separator and returned to the rotary table.

In this way, the material to be pulverized, which is supplied momentarily into the pulverizer, rises from the rotary table to the separator or reaches the rotary table until it reaches the desired fine grain size of the final product and flows out of the pulverizer. To a separator, the particles are gradually crushed many times from the middle to reach a desired particle size.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional vertical crusher as described above, a considerable amount of the crushed material reaching the biting side of the roller is not bitten by the roller on the table. It is usually washed away into the annular space. Then, of the objects to be crushed that are pushed into the annular space on the bite side of the roller, those with a large particle size become stones and fall into the annular space, increasing the amount of stones and increasing the amount of processing work. Let
Further, among the objects to be crushed that have been swept into the annular space, those having a small particle size are scattered again, so that the load applied to the separator is increased and the classification efficiency is likely to be lowered. Furthermore, a large amount of the object to be crushed is forced to flow into the annular space, thereby increasing the ventilation pressure loss in the annular space,
This increases fan power.

As described above, in the crusher, an air blower having several times the required air volume for blowing up and circulating the overflow granules is required, and a large air volume and air pressure are required due to the increase in the circulation volume, resulting in equipment cost. In addition to a significant increase in power consumption, mill vibration often occurs especially when ultra-finely pulverizing a raw material having relatively poor pulverizability (product grain size is small). When the vibration value (amplitude) is particularly large, the equipment may be damaged or the machine may be unable to operate, and the operation may be stopped without stopping.

Therefore, as a countermeasure when large vibration occurs, in order to move away from the resonance region by changing the frequency of the raw material layer of the crushing section, It is conceivable to change the crushing pressure and the number of rotations of the table, but of these, making the drive of the rotating table variable makes the equipment cost too high and the feasibility is low. Changing the (dam ring height) requires internal work after stopping the operation of the crusher, and changing the crushing pressure has the drawback that the product particle size changes to the desired one, so the mill throughput The actual situation is to reduce and respond to this, which would impair a stable production plan. Therefore, even if mill vibration occurs, the vibration frequency of the crushing raw material layer is changed to reduce the vibration amplitude and the normal stable operation with less vibration is promptly restored without significantly reducing the mill throughput. There was a longing for something. The generation of these vibrations tends to occur more frequently in the finely crushed or ultra-finely crushed regions than in the medium crushed region.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, that is, in order to prevent large mill vibration from occurring during operation, the vertical crusher of the present invention is provided with a plurality of rotary table tops. A vertical pulverizer in which a rotatable pulverizing roller is arranged, and the raw material supplied to the center of the rotary table is pulverized between the upper surface of the rotary table and the peripheral surface of the pulverizing roller by applying a predetermined pulverizing pressure to the pulverizing roller. A rotatable auxiliary roller that compresses the raw material layer into the crushing roller is arranged on the upper surface of the outer periphery of the rotary table between the roller and the crushing roller, and the lower end is divided into the same number as the number of the crushing rollers. A raw material supply pipe connecting the branched pipes is hung vertically from above the axis of the rotary table, and the discharge port of the branch pipe is located between the auxiliary roller and the crushing roller and is rotating from the discharge table. Only the starting point of the locus of the raw material particles falling on the rotary table abutting the crushing roller was set among the loci drawn by sliding the raw material granules outside the rotary table.

[Operation] The raw material chute with a branch pipe attached to the lower end and the raw material supplied from the raw material supply pipe to the upper surface of the rotary table draw a spiral locus on the rotary table and are temporarily bitten by the crushing roller, and then the outer circumference of the rotary table. To the side, the part overflows from the rotary table, and the rest reaches the meshing side of the auxiliary roller and flows between the auxiliary roller and the rotary table. Then, the auxiliary roller compresses the raw material particles by a required pressing force on the peripheral surface while rotating, and the compressed raw material particles are in a dense state, so-called, To be This compaction layer reaches the biting side of the crushing roller by the rotation of the rotary table, and is subjected to a high pressing force by the crushing roller together with the raw material of the new feed supplied from the branch pipe to perform high-level crushing. Further, the raw material particles that are crushed by the crushing roller and become finer and flow out from the non-meshing side of the crushing roller as a so-called coarse and dense layer are subjected to a similar compaction action by this auxiliary roller and crushed to the next position. It is highly likely to be bitten into the rollers and crushed efficiently. The pressing force of the auxiliary roller in the direction of the upper surface of the rotary table does not contribute to the crushing, but compresses the raw material particles to form a layer in which the particles are closely packed, so-called, (Hereinafter, the action of forming such a layer may be referred to as consolidation.) The force is such that it is formed, and a force significantly smaller than the pressing force of the crushing roller is sufficient.

As described above, the raw material sequentially crushed by the crushing roller is made into a consolidation layer by the auxiliary roller, and the new raw material is combined with this and crushed by this crushing roller.

In other words, the main function of the auxiliary roller is to keep the natural frequency of the raw material layer at a constant value that is far from the resonance range by making the auxiliary roller a consolidation layer having a certain thickness, and to prevent vibration from occurring. .

[Embodiment] Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 5 explain an embodiment of the present invention.

First, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

In FIG. 1, FIG. 1 (A) is a plan view showing an arrangement state of a crushing roller and an auxiliary roller on a rotary table, FIG. 1 (B) is a front development view of FIG. 1 (A), and FIG. The figure is a perspective view showing the whole vertical crusher, FIG. 3 is a side view of the auxiliary roller mounting portion, FIG. 4 is a whole vertical sectional view, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the behavior of the raw material on the rotary table. Is.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the crushing roller 4 is a motor 2A.
And a rotary table 3 that is rotationally driven via the speed reducer 2.
Are arranged on the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 3 symmetrically with respect to the center of the rotary table 3, and on the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 3 between the crushing rollers 4, An auxiliary roller 20 having a diameter smaller than 4 is arranged. 3a is a table liner. This auxiliary roller 20
3 is also rotatably supported by a roller shaft 25 fixed to the tip of a substantially U-shaped arm 21 rotatably supported by a shaft 23 in a casing 15, as shown in FIG. . A piston rod 22a of a hydraulic cylinder 22 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the arm 21. By applying a constant hydraulic pressure to the rod end chamber 22b of the hydraulic cylinder 22, a compressive force of the raw material layer is applied. An end of the hydraulic cylinder 22 on the side opposite to the piston rod is rotatably supported by the casing 15. This compression force is performed by adjusting the hydraulic pressure by a pressure adjusting valve (not shown) attached to the hydraulic line connected to the rod end chamber 22b of the hydraulic cylinder 22. Also, an accumulator is connected to this hydraulic line, and the rod end chamber 22 of the hydraulic cylinder 22 is
b is kept at a constant pressure. By expanding and contracting the piston rod 22a of the hydraulic cylinder 22, the arm 21 is rotated about the shaft 23, and the auxiliary roller 20 moves up and down. A gap adjuster 24 that adjusts and sets the gap between the auxiliary roller 20 and the upper surface of the rotary table 3 is provided below the arm 21, and the gap adjuster 24 is fixed to the casing 15 and has a screw hole protruding. And a screw shaft 24a supported by being screwed into the screw hole of the base 24b. By bringing the tip of the screw shaft 24a into contact with the side end of the arm 21, the auxiliary roller
It is configured so that a gap between 20 and the upper surface of the turntable 3 can be set.

When the weight of the auxiliary roller 20 is sufficient as the compression force of the raw material layer, the hydraulic cylinder 22 is set free.

On the other hand, a discharge port 16a is opened above the center of the rotary table 3, and a final refined powder discharge pipe (not shown) is connected to the discharge port 16a. Further, the raw material supply pipe 100 is inserted from above the upper casing 16 into the crusher 1 through the ceiling wall of the discharge pipe 17, and the lower end portion is arranged so as to reach near the lower portion of the separator 18. .

As shown in FIG. 4, the raw material supply pipe 100 hangs down on the axis of the rotary table 3, and the lower part of the raw material supply pipe 100 is joined with bifurcated branch pipes 100a and 100b. . The position and range of the outlets at the lower ends of the branch pipes 100a, 100b are such that the raw material particles falling on the rotary table rotating at the specified number of revolutions just draw an operation locus and the crushing roller 4
It is set so as to spread over the entire area of the biting portion C and be bitten. This situation is shown in FIG. Regarding the kinematic behavior of the raw material granules on the rotary table, the application filed by the present applicant (Japanese Patent Application No. 58-171015, Japanese Patent Application No. 59-14).
3297, Japanese Patent Application No. 59-52202, etc.), which is obtained by kinematic analysis using rotation speed, falling position, coefficient of friction between falling body and sliding surface, etc. as auxiliary variables.

On the other hand, below the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 3, an annular hot air passage 13 is provided which is connected to the hot air generating device by a duct, and above the hot air passage 13 is provided the rotary table 3.
An annular space portion 14 is defined between the casing 15 and the casing 15. In this annular space portion 14, a plurality of plate-shaped blades are arranged and fixed at equal intervals on the circumference while maintaining a required inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane.

Further, at the lower part of the hot air passage, there is a discharge chute 19 for temporarily discharging a foreign substance during crushing and an excessive crushed object in case of overload.
Is installed and is rotatable around the rotating pin 19a 1
It has a structure that can be taken out from 9b.

Next, the operation of the embodiment having such a configuration will be described.

The raw material supplied from the raw material charging chute 17 to the upper surface of the central portion of the rotary table 3 is the raw material supply pipe 100 and the branch pipes 100a and 100b.
Through the rotating table 3 to fall on the rotating table 3 and draw a spiral trajectory on the rotating table 3 to move to the outer side of the rotating table, as shown in FIG. 1 (A) or FIG. Then, it is crushed by the crushing roller 4. The raw material pulverized by the pulverizing roller 4 into a fine powder flows into the gap between the auxiliary roller 20 and the upper surface of the rotary table 3 as a coarse and dense layer 40,
The auxiliary roller 20 rotates while being slightly lifted by the raw material layer and compresses the coarse and dense layer 40 between the peripheral surface thereof and the upper surface of the rotary table 3 to form the consolidated layer 30. This consolidation layer
30 reaches the biting side 4A of the crushing roller 4 by the rotation of the rotary table 3 with the raw material of the new feed placed from the branch pipe 100b or 100a arranged next, and the raw material particles are not scattered here, Since the compaction layer is in a dense state, a pressing force as a high crushing force is applied by the crushing roller 4, and a narrow gap is formed between the crushing roller 4 and the upper surface of the rotary table 3 to obtain a predetermined product grain size. Even if the crushing roller 4 is bitten into the crushing roller 4, the crushing roller 4 does not bite into the crushing roller 4 without being bitten by the crushing roller 4 and the raw material flowing through the side portion (amount) is reduced. To be Therefore, the grinding efficiency is improved. In FIG. 1 (A), X is a movement locus of raw material particles of Newfeed, C is a catching portion (crushing portion) between the roller and the rotary table 3, and F is a consolidation layer flow. Flow F is
Only the right half is shown.

At this time, the auxiliary roller 20 is provided with a so-called compacting effect of increasing the density of the layers of the particles by compressing the particles of the raw material, and the low pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 22 does not contribute to the pulverization of the raw material. It is given by adjusting the hydraulic pressure. The pressing force of the auxiliary roller 20 is slightly higher than the height of the auxiliary roller 20 regulated by the screw shaft 24a when the raw material is put into the gap between the auxiliary roller 20 and the rotary table 3 and is in a biting state. It is supposed to be enough to lift 20. The pressing force of the auxiliary roller 20 may be much smaller than the pressing force as the crushing force of the crushing roller 4, and if its own weight is sufficient, hydraulic pressure need not be applied. The pressing force of the auxiliary roller changes depending on the size of the raw material particles and the degree of adhered water. For example, when the diameter of the raw material particles is small, the pressing force may be small.

The raw material that has been bitten by the crushing roller 4 and crushed into a small size receives the rotating force of the rotary table 3 and the crushing roller 4 while receiving the compressive force in the narrow gap between the crushing roller 4 and the rotary table 3. The coarse and dense layer 40 is a state in which the particles are scattered from each other by vigorously being ejected from the raw material discharge side 4B of the crushing roller 4 and the particles are in a scattered state. With 20, the crushing roller 4 positioned on the rotational direction side of the rotary table 3 is surely bitten and crushed by the same compaction effect as described above, and the particle size becomes closer to the product grain size. Although the diameter of the auxiliary roller 20 is smaller than the diameter of the crushing roller 4 in this embodiment, in general, when the diameter of the raw material particles is small, the diameter of the auxiliary roller 20 may be small. To
If the particle size of the raw material particles is large, increase the diameter,
The size is set so that the consolidation effect can be imparted according to the particle size of the raw material particles.

The gap between the auxiliary roller 20 and the upper surface of the rotary table 3 is set by moving the screw shaft 24a of the gap adjuster 24 in and out. This gap is made large when the size of the raw material particles is large and made small when it is small, but since it is a compaction of the layer of raw material particles, this gap is too small and the raw material particle layer is conversely disturbed. In the relatively large gap so that the auxiliary roller 20 can be smoothly bitten, for example,
When the raw material particle size is 5 mm or less and the gap between the crushing roller 4 and the rotary table 3 is 5 to 10 mm, an auxiliary roller
The gap between 20 and the turntable 3 is set to 40 to 60 mm.

As described above, in the present invention, when the raw material granular material which is subjected to the pulverizing action to a certain extent and contains a considerable amount of fine powder is pulverized by the pulverizing roller as it is, the vibration value generated by the pulverizer increases, and When crushing with a crushing roller, considering that the vibration value of the mill does not increase so much, etc., once the powder particles containing fine powder after the crushing roller are purged (excluded) with the air interposed between the powder particles with the auxiliary roller. In addition, it is intended that after forming a consolidation layer having a constant layer thickness, raw material particles of New Feed mainly containing a large amount of agglomerates are dispersed on the consolidation layer and pulverized by a pulverizing roller. By doing so, the natural frequency of the raw material layer is lower than the natural frequency of the resonance region, compared to the case where the powder particles that do not have the auxiliary roller of the conventional machine and thus are not the consolidation layer are crushed by the crushing roller. It has been found that the vibration value of the mill is significantly reduced because it can be set to only a value, and quiet operation can be performed.

In addition, the raw material of the new feed overflows from the rotary table without being caught by the crushing roller even once, and energy loss occurs due to the air blown up in the annular space portion. Since it is possible to prevent the occurrence of the above-mentioned problem as much as possible, it is possible to significantly reduce the pressure loss in the mill.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, in the vertical crusher of the present invention, the raw material of the new feed is always bitten by the pulverizing roller, and the thickness of the raw material layer constantly supplied to the pulverizing roller is set. Since it can be maintained in an almost constant consolidation layer, it can suppress the sudden increase of mill vibration and perform low vibration operation, and can continue stable and continuous operation, improving productivity and preventing equipment damage accidents. In addition, it has excellent maintainability, such as long life of the device. In addition, energy saving effect of fan power reduction accompanying reduction of pressure loss inside the mill can be expected by eliminating raw stone.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (A) is a plan view of the crushing roller and the auxiliary roller, FIG.
FIG. 2B is a front development view of FIG. 1A, FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view of the crusher, FIG. 3 is a side view of an auxiliary roller mounting portion, and FIG.
The figure is an overall longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the behavior of the raw material on the rotary table. 1 ... Vertical crusher, 3 ... Rotary table, 4 ... Grinding roller, 4A ... Raw material injecting side, 4B ... Raw material discharging side, 17 ... Raw material charging chute, 20 ... Auxiliary roller, 21 ... … Arm, 22 …… hydraulic cylinder, 24 …… clearance adjuster, 30 …… consolidation layer, 40 …… coarse layer, 100 …… material supply pipe, 100a, 100b …… branch pipe, C …… bite part ( Crushing part), F ... Consolidation layer flow, X ... Movement path of raw material particles of New Feed.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of rotatable crushing rollers are arranged on the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion of a rotary table, and a predetermined crushing pressure is applied to the raw material supplied to the central portion of the rotary table to apply a predetermined crushing pressure to the upper surface of the rotary table and the peripheral surface of the crushing roller. In the vertical crusher for crushing between the crushing surface and the surface, a rotatable auxiliary roller for compressing the raw material layer caught in the crushing roller on the peripheral surface is provided on the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table between the crushing rollers. A raw material supply pipe having a branch pipe connected to the lower end of the same number as the number of the crushing rollers is hung vertically from above the rotary table axis, and the position of the outlet of the branch pipe is crushed with the auxiliary roller. Set only at the starting point of the locus of contact between the rollers and the crushing roller of the locus drawn by the raw material particles falling on the rotary table rotating from the discharge port to the outside of the rotary table. Vertical type Mill.