JPH0739857A - Apparatus and method for producing soil and water quality improving material by utilizing carbonizable waste such as living garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently and inexpensively produce the good-quality soil and water quality improving material which is effectively utilizable as a moisture control agent, deodorant, etc., and has uniform components at a short period of time with above apparatus and method. CONSTITUTION:This apparatus and method successively include a crushing machine 12 and stage for crushing materials to be carbonized consisting of carbonizable waste to proper sizes, a drying machine 11 and stage for controlling the crushed carbonizing materials to moisture of a specified numerical value, a pelletizing machine 27 and stage for forming the materials to be carbonized to prescribed grain sizes and a carbonizing device 31 and stage for continuously carbonizing the granular materials to be carbonized.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention reuses carbonized household waste (general waste including paper dust, plastics, etc.) classified as combustible substances in general waste to improve soil. The present invention relates to a manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method for manufacturing materials and water quality improving materials.

[Prior art]

[0002] The amount of garbage and other general wastes has been increasing year by year and has become a major social problem.
As is well known, at present, the above-mentioned general waste is incinerated in the case of combustible waste, and the waste that is difficult to incinerate is landfilled in the form in which it was discharged.

However, the incineration process has many problems in the disposal of the final residue in addition to the problem of the life of the incinerator and the problem of environmental pollution in which exhaust gas affects the surrounding environment. In addition, landfill disposal has not been a decisive solution, because in addition to serious problems such as environmental damage and pollution around the landfill site, securing landfill site is also in a difficult situation.

Therefore, a treatment method for producing compost using organic waste as a recycling resource and a treatment method for producing solid fuel using combustible waste as a raw material are currently proposed.

[0005]

However, in both the above treatment methods, the problem of the final use of the product (compost, solid fuel), where and how to use it, remains unsolved. Has been done. In addition, in the case of carbonization of combustible waste, the existing processing technology does not have a facility for uniform and stable carbonization, so the product carbide is considered exclusively for fuel. However, there is a tendency to limit the use of produced products.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the above-mentioned prior art, and it is possible to effectively reuse carbonized materials composed of daily debris and other carbonizable wastes for continuous operation. And stable granulation and carbonization treatment, humidity control agent,
It enables efficient mass production of low-quality agricultural materials that can be reused as deodorants, such as soil improvement materials and water quality improvement materials that can improve water quality such as rivers, lakes, and general wastewater, at the same time as a tight living environment. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for manufacturing a soil and water quality improving material using a waste material that can be carbonized, such as daily life dust, which can open the way for solving problems such as dust and other waste.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the apparatus for producing soil and water quality improving material using the waste that can be carbonized such as household waste of the present invention is a household waste and other carbonizable waste. A crusher for crushing the material to be carbonized into an appropriate size, a dryer for adjusting the water content of the crushed material to a certain value, and a granulator for molding the material to be carbonized to a predetermined particle size, The present invention is characterized in that a continuous carbonization device for continuously carbonizing a granular material to be carbonized is successively connected.

In order to achieve the above object, the method for producing a soil and water quality improving material using the carbonized waste such as household waste according to the present invention comprises the household dust and other carbonizable waste. After pretreatment by any one of the steps of crushing the material to be carbonized, adjusting the water content of the material to be carbonized to a certain value of water, and granulating the material to be carbonized to a predetermined particle size, it is continuously carbonized. It is characterized by comprising the step of:

[0009]

The material to be carbonized, which is a waste that can be carbonized, is weighed by the weighing machine and then put into the dust pit. The material to be carbonized in the dust pit is taken out by the crane and transferred onto the belt conveyor.
Next, it is introduced into a crusher and is roughly crushed to an appropriate size.

The first crushed material to be carbonized is transferred to a sorting machine through a vibration feeder, and a non-carbonizable material having a large specific gravity (for example, earth and sand, glass cullet, non-ferrous metals) and a carbonizable material. The non-carbonizable material is transferred to a residue bunker, and the carbonizable material to be carbonized is removed from the magnetic material by a magnetic separator and then put into a storage tank and temporarily stored therein.

The material to be carbonized is taken out from the storage tank by a fixed amount and put into a dryer, and after the water content of the material to be carbonized is adjusted to a constant value, it is transferred to a mixer to make the components uniform. Will be processed. Next, the material to be carbonized is introduced into the granulator through the constant quantity feeder after the final magnetic separation. Depending on the type of material to be carbonized, after the first magnetic separation, the material can be transferred to a constant quantity feeder without passing through a dryer.

The material to be carbonized is molded into pellets by the above granulator, introduced into a carbonization device, and carbonized there to produce carbonized products, that is, soil and water quality improving materials. Since the product immediately after being taken out from the carbonization device has a high temperature, it is temporarily stored in the hopper after the product temperature is lowered by the cooler, and then packed in weighing bags and shipped.

[0013]

[Embodiment] The following describes an embodiment of a manufacturing apparatus and method for manufacturing a soil and water quality improving material using a carbonizable waste such as household waste according to the present invention and a manufacturing method thereof using the apparatus shown in FIG. To do. FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of the entire apparatus.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a dust pit, and 2 is a dust meter for weighing a material to be carbonized (not shown) made of a waste that can be carbonized, such as household dust. At the upper part of the dust pit 1, there is disposed a dust crane 3 for taking out a certain amount of the carbonized material from the dust pit 1 and transferring it onto the belt conveyor 4, and at the same time, the dust crap 1 is disposed. A sewage storage tank 6, a filter -7, a sewage storage tank 8 and a wastewater treatment facility 9 are successively connected in series by communicating with the bottom of the pit 1 through respective pipes 5, whereby pollution sources such as sewage are discharged. To be done. Further, there is also a method in which the waste water is sprayed on the carbonized material in the fluff storage tank 10 to be described later, and is evaporated by the dryer 11 to be described later. The water treated in the wastewater treatment facility 9 is discharged into the sewer.

A primary crusher 12 is disposed on the tip side of the belt conveyor 4, and a bag crusher and a hand selection conveyor (not shown) are disposed in front of the primary crusher 12. It is also possible to introduce a process for removing dangerous substances. 1 above
A belt conveyor 13, a vibration feeder 14, and a sorting machine 15 are arranged in this order from the next crushing machine 12.
Non-carbonizable substances (for example, earth and sand, glass cullet, non-ferrous metals) and carbonizable substances classified in 5 can be transferred to separate lines via a belt conveyor 16 and 17, a residual bunker 18 and a magnetic separator. Machines 19 and 19 are provided respectively.

A belt conveyor 20, a secondary crusher 21, and a belt conveyor 2 are provided at the tip ends of the magnetic separators 19, 19.
2. The fluff storage tank 10 is successively connected, and the secondary crushing machine 21 crushes and adjusts the carbonized material to a particle size of about 10 mm square, and temporarily stores it in the fluff storage tank 10.

A dryer 11 for adjusting the water content of the carbonized material quantitatively taken out from the fluff storage tank 10 to a constant value, an auxiliary agent feeder 23, and a mixer 24 for equalizing the components. , Magnetic separator 25 and constant quantity feeder 2 for carbonized material
6 and 26, and a plurality of granulators 27 for forming granules
・ ・ And are sequentially connected.

.. and the belt conveyor 2
Carbonization devices 31, 31 for carbonizing the granular material to be carbonized are disposed with 8, 29, 30 interposed, and the carbonized products are cooled to the carbonized product hopper 32. Belt conveyors 33, 33, a cooler 34, and a conveyance means 35 are sequentially connected between the carbonization devices 31, 31 and the carbonized product hopper 32 so as to be transferred and temporarily stored.

Regarding the odor generated in the system of the equipment, in-system treatment is carried out by incinerating and deodorizing the dryer 11 and the carbonizer 31 described above. The exhaust gas discharged from the carbonization devices 31, 31 is designed to be processed by the illustrated exhaust gas processing device 36. Therefore, the wastewater treatment facility 9 and the odor treatment described above by the wastewater treatment facility 9 are not performed. Since the apparatus system as a whole is configured as a closed system, all the processing inside the system enables a complete countermeasure in terms of pollution prevention.

The exhaust gas treating apparatus 36 in the illustrated example is provided with a storage tank 37 for slaked lime or the like for neutralizing exhaust gas, an air preheater 38,
It is composed of a bag filter 39, an ash bunker 40, an exhaust stack 41, and the like.

In FIG. 1, 42 is a hot air generating furnace, 43 is a cooler, 44 is a biological deodorizing device, and 45 is a fuel storage tank for heavy oil or the like.

Further, in the apparatus system, only the dryer 11 and the carbonization device 31 described above require fuel, but the carbonization device 31 requires only a small amount of fuel at the time of start-up, and thereafter the fuel is required. Performs carbonization function by self-combustion. On the other hand, since the heat generated in the carbonization device 31 is used as the heat source of the dryer 11, only a small amount of fuel is required at the start-up, and therefore the running cost is very low.

In the above-mentioned apparatus, the material to be carbonized is weighed by the weighing device 2, put into the dust pit 1, and taken out from the dust pit 1 by the crane 3. After that, the primary crusher 12 by the belt conveyor 4
And is crushed to a particle size of about 50 mm square. The primary crushed material to be carbonized is a vibration feeder-14.
After that, it is introduced into the sorting machine 15 and the residual bunker-18
The non-carbonizable material having a large specific gravity and the carbonizable material having a large specific gravity are transferred to the magnetic separator. The carbonizable material is transferred to the magnetic separator 19 and, after removing the magnetic material, the secondary crusher 21 has a particle size of about 10 mm square. It is crushed and adjusted to be temporarily stored in the fluff storage tank 10.

A predetermined amount of the material to be carbonized taken out from the fluff storage tank 10 is introduced into the dryer 11, and after adjusting the water content to a certain value, the components are made uniform by the mixer 24 and the magnetic separation is performed. After the final magnetic selection in the machine 25, the constant quantity feeder 2
It is introduced into the granulator 27 via 6. Depending on the type of material to be carbonized, the dryer 11 may be used after the first magnetic separation by the magnetic separator 19.
It can be transferred to the fixed quantity feeder 26 without passing through. Thus, the material to be carbonized formed into pellets by the granulator 27 is carbonized in the carbonization device 31 to be a carbonized product.

Since the carbonized product exiting the carbonization device 31 is at a high temperature, it is cooled by the cooler 34, and after the product temperature has dropped, it is temporarily stored in the carbonized product hopper 32, then packed in a weighing bag and shipped. It will be.

The material to be carbonized used in the apparatus and method of the present invention is not limited to general waste such as household waste, but any carbonizable waste (including industrial waste) can be assumed. However, of course, it is basically not limited to waste.

Further, the carbonized product as a product can be used not only as a soil improving material and a water quality improving material, but also as a humidity control agent and a deodorant for a house, etc. In addition, it can be activated carbonized for further use. Various modes of use are conceivable.

Table 1 shows a comparison table of property analysis when comparing the properties of charcoal and granular carbonized products (soil improving material and water quality improving material) produced by utilizing the domestic dust by the apparatus and method of the present invention. Table 2 shows the results of the germination and growth investigation results by pot cultivation, and Table 3 shows the results of the heavy metal elution test of the granular carbonized product.

[0029]

[Table 1]

[0030]

[Table 2]

[0031]

[Table 3]

As is clear from Table 1, the carbonized granular products of household dust have more ash content and less calorific value than charcoal, but the elements are almost the same.

From Table 2, the germination rate, plant height, and maximum leaf width are almost the same when the relevant domestic dusty carbonized product is added to the soil and when it is not added, but both the fresh weight and the index are good. It can be said that when applied to agricultural land as a soil improving material, it is effective for recovering the soil fertility of agricultural land whose soil strength has been significantly reduced due to excessive application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

From Table 3, all the objects to be weighed are undetectable, which enables application to agricultural land, rivers, lakes, etc. as a soil and water quality improving material.

[0035]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the present invention is constructed as described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a household humidity control agent, deodorant,
High quality soil and water quality improving materials such as rivers that can be effectively reused as activated carbon can be produced pollution-free without generating odor or harmful gas, and at the same time, the problem of tight dust can be solved. There are advantages such as helping.

Further, according to claim 2, a uniform and good quality soil and water quality improving material which can be reused as a humidity control agent and a deodorizing agent for a house by utilizing the carbonizable waste. It can be manufactured efficiently in a short time and at low cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing an embodiment of an apparatus for producing a soil and water quality improving material using a carbonizable waste such as household waste according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Dryer 12 Crusher 27 Granulator 31 Carbonizer

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location B09B 3/00 303 M

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A crusher for crushing a material to be carbonized, which is composed of household dust and other wastes that can be carbonized, to an appropriate size, a dryer for adjusting the crushed material to be carbonized to a constant water content, A carbonizable waste material such as household waste, which is characterized in that a granulator for forming a carbonized material into a predetermined particle size and a continuous carbonization device for continuously carbonizing a granular material to be carbonized are successively connected. Equipment for manufacturing soil and water quality improvement materials using 2. A step of crushing a material to be carbonized, which is made of household dust, other carbonizable waste, etc., a step of adjusting the water content of the material to be carbonized to a constant value, and granulating the material to be carbonized to a predetermined particle size. The method for producing a soil and water quality improving material using a carbonizable waste such as household waste, which comprises a step of pre-treating by any one of the steps of .