JPH073938U - Pallet changer for machine tools - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] The amount of entry into the machine can be increased without setting the swing arm (replacement arm) long, and the swing radius is reduced to avoid interference with the machine side cover etc. (EN) Provided is a pallet exchanging device for a machine tool, which can reduce the load on the driving device, can swivel quickly, and can shorten the exchanging time. [Constitution] A pallet exchanging device of a machine tool for automatically exchanging a pallet P1 on a machining table 2a and a pallet P2 for the next process is constructed. In this case the processing table 2
a base 4 disposed adjacent to a, a carriage 6 reciprocatingly arranged on the base 4, and a vertical axis C to the carriage 6
The swivel shaft 11 is arranged so as to swivel around T2, and the size is such that two pallets can be placed, and the swivel shaft 11 is supported by the swivel shaft 11 so as to be movable in the carriage movement direction.
And a swivel arm 17 that swivels together with 1.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a pallet changing device for automatically unloading a pallet on a table and automatically loading the next pallet on the table in a machine tool such as a machining center.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Machine tools such as machining centers are equipped with a pallet exchange device that automatically exchanges a pallet on a processing table on which a workpiece is fixed and a pallet on a pallet transfer device. An example of this type of conventional pallet changing device is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-358830.

The pallet changing device described in the above publication is configured as follows. A reciprocating platform supported so that it can be moved and positioned between the machine tool side position and the pallet carrier device side position supports the exchange arm (swivel arm) on which two pallets are mounted so that it can swivel 180 ° and move vertically. Then, at the position on the machine tool side, the exchanging arm is swung on the machining table to exchange the machined pallet with the machined pallet.

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 In the conventional pallet exchanging device as described above, the exchanging arm needs to be set longer in order to increase the amount of entry into the machine while avoiding interference between the machine tool and the carriage or the exchanging arm drive box. However, when the replacement arm is lengthened, there is a problem that it interferes with the cover of the machine tool when the arm is rotated. Furthermore, if the replacement arm is long, the moment of inertia becomes large, and not only the drive is overloaded, but also it cannot rotate quickly and the replacement time becomes long.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is possible to increase the amount of entry into the machine without setting the turning arm (replacement arm) long, and to change the turning radius. The pallet changer for machine tools can be made smaller to avoid interference with the machine side cover, etc., and also to reduce the load on the drive unit to speed the swivel motion, which in turn shortens the replacement time. It is intended to be provided.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 The invention of claim 1 is a pallet exchanging device of a machine tool for automatically exchanging a pallet on a machining table and a pallet for the next process, and a pedestal disposed adjacent to the machining table, and a pedestal on the pedestal. The carriage has a reciprocating body arranged so as to be capable of reciprocating movement, a revolving shaft arranged so as to revolve around the vertical axis on the reciprocating body, and a size capable of mounting two pallets. The present invention is characterized in that it is provided with a turning arm that is movably supported in the direction of movement of the carriage and that turns together with the turning shaft.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the pallet exchanging device for a machine tool according to the first aspect, a swing arm position control means for swinging the swing arm at a position where a swing radius is a minimum is provided. There is.

[0008]

[Action]

 In the pallet changing device for a machine tool according to the present invention, pallet changing is performed by the following procedure. First, in the standby position, the revolving arm is positioned so that the pallet non-mounting side and the machining table face each other.In this state, the carriage moves to the machining table side and the revolving arm projects to the machining table side. The turning arm supports the pallet on the table, and then the pallet is carried out by retreating to a position where the turning radius becomes a predetermined value or less. Next, in the retracted position, the swivel arm swivels to a position where the next-process pallet mounting side of the swivel arm faces the machining table, and the swivel arm moves to the machining table side to move the next-process pallet onto the machining table. To place.

As described above, in the present invention, since the swivel arm is provided on the swivel shaft erected on the carriage so as to be movable in the moving direction of the carriage and rotate together with the swivel shaft, the swivel arm is set to be long. The amount of entry to the machining table side can be increased without doing so, and the turning radius can be reduced to avoid interference with the cover on the machine side. There is an effect that it is possible and the exchange speed can be improved.

[0010]

【Example】

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 8 are views for explaining a pallet changing device for a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a machining center equipped with the pallet changing device of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the pallet changing device, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a rear view of the pallet changing device, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a rear view showing a state in which the swing arm of the exchanging device is advanced, and FIGS.

In each drawing, 1 is a machining center, which is provided with a machining table turning device 2 and a pallet changing device 3. The machining table revolving device 2 mounts and fixes the pallet P1 on which the workpiece is fixed on the machining table 2a, and drives the machining table 2a to revolve around the revolving axis CT1 in the directions of arrows G and H. Is configured. Further, the pallet changing device 3 carries out the pallet P1 on the working table 2a onto the pallet carrying device 40 (see FIG. 8), and puts the pallet P2 carried by the pallet carrying device 40 onto the working table 2a. It is configured to be placed.

The pallet exchanging device 3 has a base 4 fixed on the floor surface, and the bases 4 have arrows C and D between the vicinity of the processing table revolving device 2 and the vicinity of the pallet conveying device 40. And a pallet slewing device 9 rotatably disposed on the slewing device 6 around the slewing axis CT2 in the directions A and B, and an arrow E on the slewing device 9. , A swing arm 17 movably arranged in the F direction, and a pallet setup device that raises the pallet on the swing arm 17 to freely swing in the directions of arrows K and L around the swing axis CT3. 30 and 30.

The carriage 6 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped as viewed from the side and has a housing space 6 f on the lower surface, and its lower end flange portion 6 e extends along the guide rail 4 a of the base 4 via the linear guide bearing 5. It is supported so as to be reciprocally movable in the directions of arrows C and D. A piston rod 7a of a carriage driving cylinder 7 is connected to the bottom surface of the accommodation space 6f of the carriage 6 via a connecting member 8, and the cylinder 7 is fixed to the base 4.

The pallet revolving device 9 is inserted coaxially with the revolving shaft CT 2 into a revolving support shaft portion 6 h formed to project on the upper surface of the reciprocating table 6 and rotatably supported via a bearing 10. The swivel shaft 11, an arm support member 15 that is fitted and mounted on an upper protruding portion of the swivel shaft 11 so as to be movable in the directions I and J, and the arm support member 15 is swung together with the swivel shaft 11, and The swing arm 17 is provided with a lock cylinder 18 for locking the arm support member 15 and further the rotation shaft 11.

A lower end portion 11d of the swivel shaft 11 projects into the accommodation space 6f of the carriage 6, and a pinion gear 12 is fixed to the outer circumference of the projecting end portion. A rack shaft 13 extending in the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 3 meshes with the pinion gear 12, and the rack shaft 13 is connected to a piston rod 14 a of a rotary shaft drive cylinder 14. The above-described turning drive cylinder 14 is fixed to the bottom surface of the accommodation space 6f of the carriage 6.

The arm support member 15 is formed by forming a guide cylinder 15a and an operating shaft 15b on the lower surface of a support plate 15g having a rectangular shape in plan view so as to be coaxial with the swivel axis CT2. The guide cylinder 15a is fitted and mounted on the upper protrusion of the swivel shaft 11 so as to be movable in the axial direction. A piston portion 15c is formed at the lower end of the operating shaft 15b, and the piston portion 15c is oil-tightly and slidably inserted into a cylinder bore 11a formed at the axis of the swivel shaft 11. An external hydraulic drive source is connected to the upper and lower hydraulic chambers 11b and 11c, which are vertically separated by the piston portion 15c, via a swivel shaft 11 and respective oil passages that are formed to communicate with the carriage 6.

The lock cylinder 18 has a structure in which a piston 18a is slidably inserted into a cylinder bore 18c formed in the arm support member 15 and biased upward by a return spring 18b. The upper end of the piston 18a can be engaged with and disengaged from the locking hole 17a of the swivel arm 17. An external pneumatic drive source is connected to the inside of the opposite side of the cylinder bore 18c on the side of the return spring through an air passage that is formed in communication with the arm support member 15, the pivot 11, and the carriage 6. The return spring storage portion 15f of the arm support member 15 projects downward and is inserted into a locking hole 11e recessed in the upper end surface of the swivel shaft 11.

A guide rail 17e is fixed to the lower surface of the revolving arm 17, and the guide rail 17e is slidably supported by a linear guide bearing 16 fixed to the arm supporting member 15. . The swivel arm 17 is a substantially rectangular plate-like body, and has a width and a length such that two pallets can be placed in series in the longitudinal direction. A circular through hole 17c having an opening on the outside is formed. Four positioning members 17b for positioning the pallet are formed so as to project upward around the through-hole 17c of the swivel arm 17, and the arm drive device 20, which will be described later, is locked at the left and right edges at the center in the longitudinal direction. A locking hole 17d with which the rod 25 is engaged is cut out.

Here, the pallet P2 is composed of a work mounting portion 36a having a rectangular shape in plan view, and a leg portion 36b which is provided on a lower surface of the mounting portion 36a so as to project downward and is inserted into the through hole 17c. Positioning recesses 36c that fit into the positioning members 17b of the exchange arm 17 are formed at the four corners of the lower surface of the work attaching portion 36a, and the lower end surface of the leg portion 36b has a setup table described later. A positioning recess 36d that can be fitted to the positioning member 34 of 33 is formed. The pallet P1 also has the same structure as the pallet P2.

The arm drive device 20 has the following structure. A fixed plate 21 is fixed to the side surface of the carriage 6, and the fixed plate 21 supports a guide rail 23a of a locking rod supporting member 23 via a linear guide bearing 22 so as to be movable in the directions of arrows F and E. At the same time, the piston rod 24a of the arm driving cylinder 24 fixed to the fixed plate 21 is connected to the locking rod support member 23. Further, the locking rod 25 is supported by the locking rod support member 23 so as to be movable up and down, and the piston rod 27a of the engagement / disengagement drive cylinder 27 is connected to the lower end of the engagement rod 25. 27 is fixed to the locking rod support member 23 via the bracket 26. Here, when the locking rod 25 is locked to the revolving arm 17, the revolving arm 17 is locked by the lock cylinder 18 to the arm support member 15 and further to the revolving shaft 11, and the center of the revolving arm 17 and the revolving axis center CT2. If and match (state of Figure 3), it is performed only. Further, the arm drive device 20 and the lock cylinder 18 constitute a turning arm position control means for controlling the turning position of the turning arm 17. In this embodiment, the turning radius of the turning arm 17 becomes the minimum when the turning arm 17 is locked by the lock cylinder 18.

The pallet setup device 30 is movably and non-rotatably supported by a setup support shaft portion 6a provided on the upper surface of the carriage 6 so as to project in parallel with the swivel support shaft portion 6h. The table support member 31 and the setup table 33 supported by the table support member 31 so as to be rotatable around the turning axis CT3 in the directions of arrows K and L.

The table support member 31 is of a substantially cylindrical shape having a guide cylinder 31a in the lower portion, an operating shaft 31b formed in the axial center portion thereof, and a recess 31f in the upper portion thereof. Is fitted and mounted on the setup support shaft portion 6a so as to be movable in the axial direction and non-rotatably by the key 6g. The piston portion 31c formed at the lower end of the operating shaft 31b is oil-tightly and slidably inserted into the cylinder bore 6b formed at the axis of the setup support shaft portion 6a, and the piston portion 31c of the cylinder bore 6b is An external hydraulic drive source is connected to each of the upper hydraulic chamber 6c and the lower hydraulic chamber 6d separated by the piston portion 31c by oil passages formed in the carriage 6.

The setup table 33 is disk-shaped, and a rotary shaft 33 a projecting downward from the shaft center thereof is inserted into a recess 31 f of the table support member 31 and is supported by a bearing 32. Further, a positioning member 34 protruding upward is fixed to the upper surface of the setup table 33. The positioning member 34, when hydraulic pressure is supplied to the lower hydraulic chamber 6d to raise the setup table 33, The pallet is fitted into the positioning recess 36d.

Next, the function and effect of this embodiment will be described. The pallet exchange operation by the apparatus of this embodiment is performed by the following procedure. The carriage 6 and the revolving arm 17 stand by at a waiting position located in the middle of the processing table 2a and the pallet transfer device 40 (see FIG. 8A). At this time, the revolving arm 17 faces the machining table 2a on the side where the pallet is not mounted. The setup table 33 of the pallet setup device 30 is lowered, the pallet P2 is mounted on the swivel arm 17, and the positioning member 17b of the swivel arm 17 is engaged with the positioning recess 36c of the pallet P2. .

The locking rod 27 is locked in the locking hole 17d of the swivel arm 17 by the extension of the lock cylinder 27, and the piston rod 18a and the locking hole 17a of the swivel arm 17 are contracted by the contraction of the lock cylinder 18. The lock is released, the carriage drive cylinder 7 advances the carriage 6 together with the swing arm 17 (FIG. 8 (b)), and at the same time, the arm drive cylinder 24 advances the swing arm 17 and the swing arm 17 moves. The front portion of the pallet is inserted under the pallet P1 on the processing table 2a (see FIG. 8C).

The pallet P1 is unlocked in the machining table revolving device 2, and then the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the lower hydraulic chamber 11c in the pallet revolving device 9, and the arm support member 15 raises the revolving arm 17 to cause the revolving operation. The pallet P1 is placed on the front part of the arm 17, and the positioning member 17b of the revolving arm 17 is engaged with the positioning recess 36c of the pallet P1.

With the swing arm 17 loaded with the pallets P1 and P2, the center of the swing arm 17 is retracted to a position where the center of the swing arm 17 coincides with the swing axis CT2 by contraction of the arm drive cylinder 24 (FIG. 8 (d)). The pivot arm 17 is locked to the arm support member 15 by the extension of the lock cylinder 18, and the locking rod 25 is released from the pivot arm 17 by the contraction of the engagement / disengagement drive cylinder 27.

The extension of the revolving drive cylinder 14 causes the revolving shaft 11 to rotate the revolving arm 17 by 180 °, and the pallet P2 side of the revolving arm 17 faces the processing table 2a (FIG. 8 (e)).

The lock of the swing arm 17 and the arm support member 15 is released by the contraction of the lock cylinder 18, and the locking rod 25 is engaged with the swing arm 17 by the extension of the engagement / disengagement drive cylinder 27. In this state, the arm driving cylinder 24 advances the revolving arm 17, and the pallet P2 of the revolving arm 17 is located above the processing table 2a (FIG. (F)).

The pallet revolving device 9 lowers the revolving arm 17, the pallet P2 is placed on the machining table 2a, and the machining table revolving device 2 clamps the pallet P2 to the machining table 2a. Subsequently, the carriage 6 and the swing arm 17 are retracted to the vicinity of the pallet transport device 40 (FIG. 8 (g)).

The slewing arm 17 projects onto the pallet transfer device 40, and then descends, whereby the pallet P1 is placed on the pallet transfer device 40 and transferred in the unloading direction. Further, when the next pallet P2 'is conveyed above the revolving arm 17, the revolving arm 17 rises to place the pallet P2', and then the carriage 6, and the revolving arm 17 return to the standby position (Fig. (H) to (j)).

At the standby position, the engagement of the locking rod 25 is released, and the swing arm 17 is locked by the lock cylinder 18. Then, in the setup device 30, hydraulic pressure is supplied to the lower hydraulic chamber 6d, the setup table 33 raises the pallet P2 ', and the engagement between the pallet and the swing arm 17 is released. Then, the palette P2 can freely rotate together with the setup table 33. As a result, the work can be attached while rotating it when performing the setup work on the setup table 33.

As described above, in this embodiment, when exchanging the pallet, the revolving arm 17 is moved to the vicinity of the processing table 2 a, and the revolving arm 17 is further protruded from the reciprocating table 6 to pivot the pallet. Since it is mounted on the arm 17, the amount of entry into the machining table can be increased without lengthening the turning arm itself.

Further, since the turning arm 17 is moved backward after the turning arm 17 is loaded with the pallet loaded, the turning radius of the turning arm 17 can be reduced. Particularly, in the present embodiment, since the center of the revolving arm 17 is revolved when it coincides with the revolving axis CT2, the revolving radius can be minimized.

Since the turning radius can be reduced in this way, there is an effect that interference between the turning table 17 and the cover on the working table side can be avoided while increasing the amount of entry to the working table side. In addition, since the turning radius is small, the moment of inertia is also small, the load on the drive unit can be reduced, the turning operation can be performed quickly, and the pallet changing speed can be improved.

In the above embodiment, the forward / backward movement of the revolving arm 17 is performed by the hydraulic cylinder 24, and the revolving operation of the revolving arm 17 is performed by the hydraulic cylinder 14 and the rack and pinion mechanism. It is needless to say that the rotating arm 17 is not limited to these mechanisms, and the point is that the revolving arm 17 can be driven to move forward and backward and to revolve. For example, the revolving arm 17 can be reciprocally driven by a ball screw and a motor, and directly revolved by a motor. You may do it. When the ball screw and the motor are driven in a straight line, the turning radius of the turning arm 17 can be freely controlled.

Further, in the above embodiment, when the swivel arm 17 is swung, the reciprocating table 6 is positioned in the vicinity of the processing table 2a, and the swivel table 17 is swung with only the swivel arm 17 retracted. However, in the case where there is interference with peripheral devices, the reciprocating arm 6 may be retracted and then the reciprocating arm 6 may be retracted before the revolving arm 17 is retracted.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the case where the pallet on the processing table and the pallet on the transfer device are exchanged has been described, but the present invention can of course be applied to the case where the transfer device is not provided. . For example, a pallet changer that has a pallet loaded on a pallet setup device, performs setup here, carries out the pallet on the processing table, and also loads the set-up pallet onto the processing table. Applicable.

[0039]

[Effect of device]

 As described above, according to the pallet exchanging device for a machine tool of the present invention, since the swivel arm can be projected further forward from the carriage, the amount of entry to the machine side can be increased without lengthening the swivel arm. In addition, the turning radius can be reduced, and as a result, the effect of avoiding interference with the surrounding covers and the like can be avoided, and the load on the drive mechanism can be reduced to speed up the turning operation and improve the pallet exchange speed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a pallet changing device for a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the apparatus of the above embodiment.

3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a rear view of the apparatus according to the embodiment.

5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a rear view showing a state in which the revolving arm of the apparatus of the embodiment is advanced.

FIG. 7 is a time chart diagram for explaining the operation of the apparatus according to the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a process chart for explaining the operation of the apparatus according to the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Machining Center (Machine Tool) 2a Machining Table 3 Pallet Changer 4 Base 6 Reciprocating Platform 11 Swivel Axis 17 Swivel Arm CT2 Swivel Axis P1, P2 Pallet

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A pallet exchanging device for a machine tool for automatically exchanging a pallet on a machining table with a pallet for the next process, and a base arranged adjacent to the machining table, and a reciprocating movement to and from the base. A reciprocating table movably arranged, a revolving shaft disposed on the reciprocating table so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis, and a size capable of mounting two pallets, and the reciprocating table on the revolving shaft. A pallet exchanging device for a machine tool, comprising: a swivel arm that is movably supported in a platform moving direction and swivels together with the swivel axis. 2. The pallet changing device for machine tools according to claim 1, further comprising a turning arm position control means for turning the turning arm at a position where a turning radius is minimized.