JPH073774A - Method and device for multi-shaft drilling - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance economical effects by forming a rectangular slot in the ground while supplying a setting filling liquid, and consolidating and improving the drilled ground by stirring and mixing of the liquid with earth drilled, and reducing the amount of earth drilled and the amount of injection of a fluid such as cement milk when drilling a continuous wall, and also setting a large span between holes drilled. CONSTITUTION:Bits 24, 26, 28 provided at the ends of respective drilling shafts 12, 14, 16 are so formed that their loci of rotation overlap one another, and intermediate wall face cutters 32 are provided among the drilling shafts 12, 14, 16. Also, external wall face cutters 30 are provided on both of the outer sides of each drilling shaft 12, 16. Therefore a channel drilled by the external wall face cutters 30 and the intermediate wall face cutters 32 becomes rectangular, so a continuous wall of fixed thickness can be formed and rectangular portions at both ends overlap each other without bits at both ends overlapping each other, whereby continuity can be secured. Thus the length of drilling can be increased and enhancement of drilling efficiency and reduction in the amounts of injection and drilled earth can be achieved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multi-spindle excavation method and apparatus, and more particularly, to spouting fluid such as cement milk from the tip of each excavation shaft while applying rotation and feed to agitate and knead excavated soil to form a rectangle. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a multi-axis excavation method and apparatus for forming a continuous underground wall and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When constructing an in-situ soil stirring type continuous wall,
A multi-axis drilling device equipped with a stirring blade that stirs fluid such as cement milk and drilling soil is used to simultaneously open a plurality of holes. As a method for excavating a continuous (columnar) wall by a multi-axis excavator, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-
There is also one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 54929. In this excavation method, first, a bead-shaped excavation hole is formed in the ground at each excavation shaft to form a primary excavation hole. Next, in the ground on the extension line in the longitudinal direction of the primary excavation hole, a secondary excavation hole is formed by forming a bead-like excavation hole in each excavation axis, and between the primary and secondary excavation holes. Form the uncut portion. Then, using the round holes at the adjacent ends of the primary and secondary drilling holes as guide holes, the drilling shafts on both sides of the multi-axis drilling device are respectively inserted into the round holes, and the drilling residue is drilled by the inner drilling shaft. To do.

[0003]

However, when the excavation hole is formed in a beaded shape like the excavation method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-54929, H is used as a retaining wall.
When a stress material such as steel is inserted and arranged in the excavation hole, the H steel must be inserted in each circular hole portion of the excavation hole because of its size, so the arrangement interval is constant. Therefore, in the excavation method, the H steel may not be inserted and arranged at an appropriate position. Further, since it is inserted into the circular hole, there is a drawback that the H steel as a stress material becomes small.

Therefore, using a multi-axis excavator having a side cutter disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 1-35127 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-45297, a drill hole is bored in a substantially oval shape to form a stress material. There is something that gives freedom to the placement of. However, since the side cutter of the multi-spindle excavator disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-35127 is connected to the power swivel device via the chain / sprocket transmission mechanism arranged between the excavation shafts, There is a drawback that the power transmission mechanism for rotating the cutter becomes large and the multi-axis excavator becomes heavy.

The side cutter of the multi-axis excavator disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-45297 is arranged so as to rotate using the rotational driving force of the excavation shaft.
The power transmission mechanism is complicated. Further, since the side cutter is a vertical bit type that is parallel to the excavation axis, the excavation wall surface cannot be made flat and the stirring performance is poor. Furthermore, since the side cutter of the multi-axis drilling device disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-35127 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-45297 has a substantially oval-shaped drill hole, the drill walls at both ends of the drill hole are semicircular. It is formed in an arc shape. Usually, when excavating a slot for a continuous wall with a side cutter of these multi-axis excavators, it is necessary to overlap adjacent excavation holes so as to eliminate the semi-circular arc-shaped portions at both ends of the excavation hole. . For this reason,
Since the overlapping part is excavated in duplicate, the amount of excavated soil and the amount of cement mill injection are increased, which is a problem in improving work efficiency.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it becomes possible to excavate a rectangular groove hole by forming both ends of the excavation groove in a rectangular shape, and to improve the degree of freedom in arranging the stress material with a constant wall thickness. It is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-axis excavation method and an apparatus thereof capable of improving the work efficiency with a simple structure.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a bit and a stirring and kneading blade in the axial direction, which is provided vertically on a rotary drive device supported so as to be vertically movable. Each bit and three or more excavating shafts connected by a connecting tool so that a part of the rotation loci of the stirring and kneading blades overlap each other, and a pair of intermediate parts respectively arranged between the excavating shafts in the vicinity of the bits. A multi-axis having a wall cutter and a pair of outer wall cutters respectively arranged outside both ends of the excavation shaft, wherein the bit, the intermediate wall cutter, and the outer wall cutter form a substantially rectangular long hole in the ground. In the excavation device, the intermediate wall surface cutter and the outer wall surface cutter are rotatably provided in the casing of the connector and are respectively provided at both ends of a rotary shaft arranged in a direction orthogonal to the excavation shaft. Wherein the fixed.

[0008]

According to the present invention, a part of the rotation loci of the bits provided on the adjacent excavating shafts is formed so as to overlap each other, and the rotating shafts are rotated between the excavating shafts and on both outsides of the excavating shafts. Supported freely. Further, a pair of intermediate wall surface cutters are provided at both ends of the rotary shaft between the excavating shafts, and a pair of outer wall surface cutters are provided at both ends of the rotary shafts on both outer sides. Then, a rectangular long hole is formed by the bit, the intermediate wall surface cutter and the outer wall surface cutter.

Therefore, comparing the case of forming a continuous wall with the multi-axis excavating device of the present invention and the case of forming a continuous wall with a conventional substantially oval-shaped drilling hole, the multi-axis excavating device of the present invention has both ends. Even if the excavation axes do not overlap with each other, both ends of the rectangular excavation hole are overlapped, so that the continuity of the rectangular excavation hole can be maintained. Therefore, since the amount of overlap between the rectangular excavation holes can be reduced, the excavation efficiency can be improved and the amount of excavated soil can be reduced. Further, the stirring effect is improved by the middle wall surface cutter and the outer wall surface cutter, and the quality of the wall body is improved.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of a multi-axis excavation method and apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a three-axis multi-axis excavator 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
0 is shown, and this multi-axis drilling rig 10 has three drilling shafts 1
It has 2, 14, and 16. These excavation axes 12, 1
The reference numerals 4 and 16 are vertically installed on a rotary drive device 18 of a multi-axis excavator body (not shown) so as to be able to transmit a rotational force, and are fixed by a connecting band 20 and a connecting device 22 so that their respective axial centers are aligned in a substantially straight line. (See FIG. 5).

Bits 24, 26, and 28 are provided at the tip ends of the excavating shafts 12, 14, and 16, respectively. These bits 24, 26, and 28 are such that a part of the rotation loci of each bit overlap each other. Are staggered.
An outer wall surface cutter 30 and an intermediate wall surface cutter 32, which will be described later, are arranged near the bits 24, 26, 28. Further, stirring blades 34, 34 ... (See FIG. 5) for stirring the excavated soil and cement milk are fixed to the respective excavating shafts 12, 14, 16 at predetermined intervals.

The outer wall cutter 30 and the middle wall cutter 32 are fixed to both ends of an outer rotary shaft 40 and an intermediate rotary shaft 42 arranged in a casing 36 of the connecting device 22, as shown in FIG. These wall cutters 3
0 and 32 can excavate a small diameter portion (so-called ear portion) which is a lap portion of a bead-shaped excavation hole perforated by bits 24, 26 and 28 and both end portions (so-called semi-circular arc portion) of the excavation hole. . As a result, a rectangular excavation hole 38 can be formed in the ground as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the intermediate rotary shaft 42 is located between the excavating shafts 12, 14, 16 and is located between the excavating shafts 12, 14, 1, 1.
6, the outer rotary shaft 40 is arranged outside the excavation shafts 12, 16 in a direction orthogonal to the excavation shafts 12, 16. A helical gear 40A is provided in the center of the outer rotary shaft 40, and the helical gear 40A meshes with a helical gear 46A provided on the excavation shafts 12 and 16. When the excavation shaft 12 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 3, the left outer wall cutter 30 rotates clockwise, and when the excavation shaft 16 rotates clockwise in FIG. 3, the right outer wall cutter 30 moves. Rotate counterclockwise.

A helical gear 42A is provided in the center of the intermediate rotary shaft 42, and an idler helical gear 45A meshes with the helical gear 42A. The idle helical gear 45A is meshed with the helical gear 46A of the excavating shafts 12 and 16. Therefore, when the excavation shaft 12 rotates counterclockwise, the left intermediate wall cutter 32 rotates clockwise, and when the excavation shaft 16 rotates clockwise, the right intermediate wall cutter 32 rotates counterclockwise. To do.

As described above, by rotating the outer wall cutter 30 and the intermediate wall cutter 32 in the opposite directions on the left side and the right side, the reaction torque generated in the casing 36 of the coupling device 22 is offset to twist the casing 36. I try not to happen. In FIGS. 3 and 4, the helical gear 40A of the outer rotary shaft 40 is replaced with the excavation shafts 12, 16
The case where the helical gears 46A and 46B are directly meshed with each other has been described.
And 46A may be engaged with an idler helical gear.

Further, in FIGS. 3 and 4, the intermediate rotary shaft 4 is used.
2 helical gear 42A to idle helical gear 45
The case where the helical gears 46A of the excavation shafts 12 and 16 are meshed with each other via A has been described. 46
It may be directly meshed with A.

Next, the operation of the multi-axis excavating device 10 configured as described above will be described. First, the multi-axis excavating device 10 is set at a predetermined position on the ground, and the rotary drive device 18
The rotation force from rotatably drives the bits 24, 26, 28, the outer wall surface cutter 30, and the intermediate wall surface cutter 32.
At the same time, a fluid such as cement milk is ejected from the tips of the bits 24 and 28, and the ground is excavated to form a rectangular excavation hole 38. As a result, a fluid cement-like first rectangular drill hole 39 is formed as shown in FIG.

Next, a second rectangular excavation hole 48 is formed in the ground on the extension line of the first rectangular excavation hole 39 in the longitudinal direction similarly to the first rectangular excavation hole 39. Next, the ground between the first and second rectangular excavation holes 39 and 48 is excavated by the multi-axis excavation device 10 to form the third rectangular excavation hole 49. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, when the shaft pitch interval of each shaft is P, the center of the bit 28 when the first rectangular drill hole 39 is drilled and the bit 24 when the third rectangular drill hole 49 is drilled. Is set to P and the distance between the center of the bit 24 when drilling the second rectangular drill hole 48 and the center of the bit 28 when drilling the third rectangular drill hole 49 is set to P. Set to. As a result, the first and second rectangular drill holes 39 and 48 and the third rectangular drill hole 49 are overlapped with each other by L. Both ends of the continuous wall 52 formed by such an excavation method are rectangular, and the wall surfaces 52A and 52B facing each other are substantially parallel to each other.

By the way, in the column of "Problems to be solved by the invention", Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 35127/1989 and Japanese Utility Model No. 2
Although the substantially oval-shaped drilling hole disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 45297/45 has been described, the applicant of the present application has proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-23054 a device having a simpler structure as compared with the device of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application. . However, Japanese Patent Application No. 5-23054 also pierces an oval-shaped excavation hole, so when a continuous wall is formed, the semicircular arc-shaped wall formed at both ends of the oval-shaped excavation hole is excavated. First, it is necessary to overlap the outer excavation axis.

However, in the case of the rectangular drilling hole of the present invention, both ends of the rectangular drilling hole overlap without overlapping the outer drilling axes as shown in FIG. 6, so that the continuity of the rectangular drilling hole should be maintained. You can Therefore, the excavation length can be increased. In this way, when constructing a continuous wall with rectangular drill holes, the amount of lap can be reduced, so the amount of excavated soil or the amount of fluid such as cement mill injected is reduced, and the span between rectangular drill holes is increased. It can be set to improve the economic effect.

Further, the rotational driving force of the excavation shafts 12 and 16 is transmitted to the outer wall surface cutter 30 and the intermediate wall surface cutter 32 only by engaging a helical gear,
The rotation transmission mechanism can have a simple structure. In FIG. 6, the first and second rectangular excavation holes 39 and 48 are formed at a predetermined interval, and the third rectangular excavation hole 49 connects the first and second rectangular excavation holes 39 and 48 in succession. Although the wall 52 is formed, the first, second, and third rectangular drill holes 39, 48, 49 may be sequentially formed from the left side. Further, in the case of FIG. 6, the adjacent rectangular drill holes are overlapped with each other by L, but the continuous wall may be formed without overlapping the rectangular drill holes.

Further, the multi-axis excavating device 10 can be used, for example, for ground improvement, in addition to forming a continuous wall. That is, when the area 120 shown in FIG. 7 is to be improved, the multi-axis excavating device 10 digs a plurality of rectangular drill holes 38 into the entire ground surface of the area 120 and injects a cement mill. As a result, the excavated soil and the cement mill are agitated and kneaded, the rectangular excavation holes 38 are hardened, and the area 120 is improved.

FIGS. 8 and 10 show a 5-axis multi-axis excavating device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the 5-axis multi-axis excavating device of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 10. The 5-axis multi-axis excavator can set the excavation length longer than the 3-axis multi-axis excavator of the first embodiment. Since the other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same members as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals in FIGS. 8 and 10 and their description is omitted. In the figure, 60 is a multi-axis excavator, 62, 64, 66, 68, 7
Reference numeral 0 is an excavation shaft, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82 are bits, and an outer wall surface cutter 30 and an intermediate wall surface cutter 32 are arranged near each bit.

Further, 116 is an idler helical gear,
62A, 64A, 68A, 70A are the excavation shafts 62, 64,
Helical gears 68 and 70 are provided, and the driving force is transmitted to the outer wall surface cutter 30 and the intermediate wall surface cutter 32 via these helical gears. This gives 5
The multi-axis drilling device 60 for a shaft can drill a rectangular drill hole 110 shown in FIG. 8 in the ground. In this case, since the rotation directions of the wall cutters arranged at the symmetrical positions are opposite to each other, the reaction torque generated in the casing 36 of the coupling device 22 is canceled and the casing 36 is removed as in the first embodiment. No twisting.

11 and 12 show a multi-axis excavating device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The multi-axis drilling device of the third embodiment is provided with three drilling shafts as in the first embodiment, and a pair of rotary cutters are provided on both sides of these drilling shafts in parallel with each other and on the drilling shaft. They are arranged orthogonally. Hereinafter, the multi-axis excavating device of the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12. In addition, in FIG. 11 and FIG.
The same members as those of the embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In the figure, 150 is a multi-axis drilling device, 152
Is an intermediate rotary cutter, 154 is an outer rotary cutter,
Reference numeral 153 is a bit attached to the peripheral surface of the rotary cutter. These rotary cutters have a gear shaft 156.
Is connected to the end of the shaft via a square spline so that the turning force can be transmitted. The gear shaft 156 is rotatably supported by the gear case 160 via a bearing 158.
The gear case 160 is fixed to the excavating shaft case 12A or 16A. The helical gear 15 is attached to the gear shaft 156.
6A is formed, and the helical gear 156A meshes with the helical gear 162. The helical gear 162 is formed coaxially with the excavation shafts 12 and 16. The helical gear 156A and the helical gear 162 constitute a transmission mechanism 164. Therefore, when the excavation shafts 12 and 16 rotate, the helical gears 156A at four locations rotate via the helical gears 162 and 162, so that the intermediate rotary cutter and the outer rotary cutter rotate. As a result, the multi-axis excavating device 150 can form a rectangular excavation hole in the ground as in the first and second embodiments.

In the third embodiment, the case where the intermediate rotary cutter 152 is supported only by the excavating shafts 12 and 16 at both ends and is driven by the rotating power of the excavating shafts 12 and 16 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. The cutter 152 may be supported by a support member 166 (see the phantom line in FIG. 12) fixed to the intermediate excavation shaft 14, or may be configured to be driven by the rotational force of the excavation shaft 14.

In the third embodiment, the rotary cutter is used for the three-axis multi-axis excavator, but the rotary cutter may be used for the five-axis multi-axis excavator.
Further, in the case of the third embodiment, the excavating shaft and the rotary cutter are configured to be able to transmit the turning force by using the helical gear,
The present invention is not limited to this, and other transmission mechanisms such as a worm gear may be used to drive the rotary cutter.

[0028]

As described above, according to the multi-axis excavation method and apparatus according to the present invention, the rotary shafts are rotatably supported between the excavation shafts and on both outsides of the excavation shafts. A pair of intermediate wall cutters are provided at both ends of the rotary shaft between the excavating shafts, and a pair of outer wall cutters are provided at both ends of the outer rotary shafts. Then, the bit, the intermediate wall surface cutter and the outer wall surface cutter are provided with rectangular elongated holes.

In the case of forming a continuous wall with the multi-axis excavator constructed as described above, both ends are compared with the case of forming a continuous wall with a conventional substantially oval drill hole by drilling a rectangular drill hole. Even if the excavation axes do not overlap with each other, both ends of the rectangular excavation hole are overlapped, so that the continuity of the rectangular excavation hole can be maintained. Therefore, since the excavation length can be increased, the amount of excavated soil and the injection amount of liquid such as a cement mill can be reduced, and the span between the rectangular excavation holes can be set large to improve the economic effect. Further, the stirring effect is improved by the middle wall surface cutter and the outer wall surface cutter, and the quality of the wall body is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of a multi-axis drilling device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a rectangular drill hole drilled by the multi-axis drilling device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a state in which a first embodiment of a multi-axis excavating device according to the present invention is vertically installed on a rotary drive device.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view illustrating a continuous wall constructed by the multi-axis excavating device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state in which the entire surface of the ground is digged in multiple lines to improve the ground with the multi-axis digging device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a second embodiment of the multi-axis excavating device according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a view for explaining a rectangular excavation hole excavated by the multi-axis excavation device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a front view of a third embodiment of the multi-axis excavating device according to the present invention.

12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 60, 150 ... Multi-axis drilling device 12, 14, 16, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70 ... Drilling shaft 18 ... Rotary drive device 24, 26, 28, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82 ... Bit 30 ... Outer wall cutter 32 ... Intermediate wall cutter 40 ... Outer rotary shaft 42 ... Intermediate rotary shaft 40A, 42A, 46A, 62A-70A ... Helical gear 45A, 116 ... Helical gear for idle 52 ... Continuous wall 152 ... Intermediate rotary cutter 154 ... Outside Rotary cutter 164 ... Transmission mechanism

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A rotary drive device which is supported so as to be vertically movable, and is provided with a bit at its tip and a stirring and kneading blade in its axial direction. Three or more excavating shafts connected by a connecting tool so as to wrap, a pair of intermediate wall cutters respectively disposed between the excavating shafts in the vicinity of the bit, and both end shafts outside the excavating shaft. A multi-axis excavator having a pair of outer wall cutters and rotating the bit, the intermediate wall cutter, and the outer wall cutter from the rotation drive device to form a substantially rectangular long hole in the ground, A multi-axis excavating method characterized in that a substantially rectangular long hole is bored in the ground while ejecting a fluid such as a cement mill from the tip of the bit by an excavating device. 2. A bit is provided vertically on a rotary drive device which is supported so as to be vertically movable, and a bit and an agitating / kneading blade are provided at its tip end so that each bit and a part of the rotational trajectories of the agitating / kneading blade are over each other. Three or more excavating shafts connected by a connecting tool so as to wrap, a pair of intermediate wall cutters respectively disposed between the excavating shafts in the vicinity of the bit, and both end shafts outside the excavating shaft. A multi-axis excavator having a pair of outer wall cutters, the bit, an intermediate wall cutter, and an outer wall cutter to form a substantially rectangular long hole in the ground, wherein the intermediate wall cutter and the outer wall cutter are: A multi-axis excavating device, wherein the multi-axis excavating device is rotatably provided in a casing of the connector and is fixed to both ends of a rotating shaft disposed in a direction orthogonal to the excavating shaft. 3. A rotation drive device supported so as to be vertically movable, and provided with a bit at its tip and an agitation / kneading blade in its axial direction, and a part of the rotational trajectories of the bit and the agitation / kneading blade overlap each other. Three or more excavating shafts connected by a connecting tool so as to wrap, and a pair of excavating shafts arranged in parallel with each other on both sides of the excavating shaft in the vicinity of the bit and orthogonal to the excavating shaft. A rotary cutter and a transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotational force of the excavating shaft to the pair of rotary cutters,
A multi-axis excavating device, wherein a substantially rectangular long hole is formed in the ground by the bit and a pair of rotary cutters.