JPH0737200A - Aircraft sensing system device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the accuracy of the discrimination of an obstacle existing on a taxiway. CONSTITUTION:This aircraft sensing system device is characterized by being provided with a motor 10a which drives the rotating shaft of a rotary mirror 8a as keeping it in the horizontal direction, a retro-reflector plate 4 which is installed on the ground of the taxiway and reflects a laser beam, an optical multichannel analyzer 13a which analyzes the waveform of the reflected laser beam and detects the presence of the obstacle 11 by the presence of the reflected laser beam, a distance computing element 14a which computs obstacle distance to the obstacle 11 from a rotational angle outputted from an encoder 9a and the predetermined height above the ground surface of the rotary mirror 8a, and a discriminating computing element (CPU) 15 which calculates the width size of the obstacle 11 from plural obstacle distances outputted from one group of laser lighthouses and discriminates the kind of the obstacle. Besides, this is the aircraft sensing system device characterized by fitting a convex lens to convert the laser beam into a plane beam to the rotary mirror 8a.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an aircraft sensing system device for managing an aircraft taxiway.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, traffic flow has been controlled by a controller at an airport control tower. In other words, the observer is operating the center line lights and the control table of the stop bar by visual observation or the image displayed on the TV monitor, and the above-mentioned human operation is frequently performed at airports where there are many aircraft traffic flows. Not only does this impose a heavy burden on the air traffic controller, but if it malfunctions, it may cause a serious accident.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention includes detecting whether the position of an aircraft on a taxiway is before the stop bar, on the stop bar, or after passing through the stop bar. It is a traffic flow monitoring system that captures the position.For example, by installing it just before the stop bar on the taxiway before exiting to the airport runway, you can move between the aircraft taking off and landing on the runway and the taxiway and apron. Occasionally, aircraft traffic flow is monitored to control stop bars, which are signal lights to prevent collisions with aircraft crossing the runway, and to control centerline lights that indicate the direction of flight of aircraft on taxiways. The device automatically monitors the traffic flow of the aircraft, captures the situation, links to the host computer that controls the traffic flow, and provides information to provide information about the airport. There is provided an aircraft sensing system device serve as a means for the control of.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An aircraft sensing system device of the present invention includes a pair of laser lighthouses, which are installed on both sides of a taxiway for guiding an aircraft so as to face each other and sense the presence or absence of an obstacle. A laser oscillator for emitting a laser beam provided corresponding to these laser lighthouses, and a laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator for reflecting the laser beam while rotating and reflecting the laser beam. A rotating mirror configured to rotate the laser beam along the cross section of the guide path, an electric motor for driving the rotating mirror, and a rotation information attached to a rotation shaft to output rotation information according to the rotation angle. An encoder, a reflection means installed on the ground of the taxiway to reflect the laser beam in the incident direction, and a monochrome meter for taking in the reflected laser beam reflected by the reflection means through a rotating mirror. And the output of this monochromator An optical multi-channel analyzer that detects the presence or absence of obstacles by analyzing the presence or absence of reflected laser rays, and the rotation angle output from the encoder and the predetermined height from the ground level of the rotating mirror to the obstacles. A distance calculator for calculating an obstacle distance and an identification calculator for calculating a width dimension of the obstacle from a plurality of obstacle distances output from a set of laser lighthouses and identifying the type of the obstacle. It is characterized by having done. In the aircraft detection system apparatus according to the second aspect, a convex lens for converting the laser beam into a surface beam is attached to a rotating mirror that reflects the laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator while rotating. It is characterized by that.

[0005]

In the aircraft detection system device of the present invention, a pair of laser lighthouses, which face each other and sense the presence or absence of obstacles, are installed on both sides of a taxiway for guiding an aircraft. −
The laser oscillator is built in to emit a laser beam, and the laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator is reflected while rotating with a rotating mirror, and the rotation axis of the rotating mirror is maintained in the horizontal direction. It is driven by an encoder attached to the rotary shaft to output rotation information according to the rotation angle of the rotary shaft, and a retroreflector is installed on the ground of the taxiway to reflect the laser beam and The reflected laser beam reflected by the reflector or the light wave from the surroundings is taken into the monochrome meter through the rotating mirror, and the waveform of the reflected laser beam is analyzed using the optical multi-channel analyzer, and the reflected laser beam is reflected. The presence or absence of an obstacle is detected by the presence or absence of the beam, and the rotation angle output from the encoder and the obstacle distance from the ground surface height of the predetermined rotating mirror to the obstacle are calculated, and a set of rays is calculated. − The width of the obstacle from the distances of the obstacles output from The Lighthouse Calculates the characterized by identifying the type of the obstacle. In the aircraft detection system apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, a convex lens is attached to a rotating mirror that reflects the laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator while rotating, and the laser beam is converted into a surface beam. It is characterized by doing.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of the aircraft sensing system device of the present invention will be explained. The present invention relates to a monochromator that incorporates a retroreflective plate and a laser on a laser fan beam and a stop bar for detecting traffic flow of an aircraft, an OME (optical multi-channel analyzer) that analyzes the incorporated light, and a time. It is equipped with a computer that analyzes counts and waveform patterns, and can determine whether the vehicle passing through the device is an aircraft and grasp the traffic flow of the aircraft.

A signal processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 shows a part of the airport, which consists of two runways and a taxiway 2a sandwiched between them. A stop bar 1 is placed at the confluence of the taxiway 2a and the runway and gives a sign whether the aircraft may cross the runway. Further, a centerline lamp 2 for guiding the aircraft is placed on the taxiway, and the aircraft in the standby area moves only along the bright portion of the centerline lamp 2. This device is a device installed at a position where it is desired to monitor the traffic flow of each aircraft, such as immediately before a stop bar or at the exit of a waiting area. In FIG. 1, 3a and 3b are a pair of laser lighthouses which are installed on both sides of a taxiway 2a for guiding an aircraft so as to face each other and detect the presence or absence of an obstacle 11, and 6a and 6b are lasers respectively. Laser transmitters 7a and 7b are built in the lighthouses 3a and 3b and emit laser beams.
The harf mirrors for refracting the laser beams emitted from the oscillators 6a, 6b, 8a, 8b are rotating mirrors for reflecting the laser beams refracted by the harf mirrors 7a, 7b while rotating, 10a, 10
b is a driving electric motor that drives the rotating shafts of the rotating mirrors 8a and 8b in a horizontal direction, and 9a and 9b are encoders that are attached to the rotating shafts and that output rotation information according to the rotation angle of the rotating shafts.
Da and 4 are retroreflectors installed on the ground of the guideway 2a for reflecting laser rays, and 12a and 12b are mirrors for the reflected laser rays reflected by the retroreflector 4 or light waves from the surroundings.
Monochrome meters taken in through 8a and 8b, 13a and 13b are optical multi-channel analyzers that analyze the waveform of the reflected laser beam and detect the presence or absence of obstacle 11 by the presence or absence of the reflected laser beam, 14a and 14b. Is a distance calculator for calculating the rotation angle output from the encoders 9a, 9b and the obstacle distance from the ground surface height of the predetermined rotating mirrors 8a, 8b to the obstacle 11.
Is an identification calculator for identifying the type of the obstacle 11 by calculating the width dimension of the obstacle 11 from a plurality of obstacle distances output from one set of laser lighthouses 3a, 3b. Laser fan beams installed on both sides of the stop bar,
A retroreflective plate 4 installed immediately before the stove bar that returns the laser light to the incident direction, and a monolometer 1 that incorporates the laser.
2a, 12b, OME (optical multi-channel analyzers) 13a, 13b for analyzing the taken-in light, and an aircraft sensing system device including a computing machine for time counting and waveform analysis.

That is, the guideway 2a is sandwiched between two laser lighthouses, and a retroreflector is placed on the sandwiched road surface.

The laser lighthouses 3a and 3b have a function of emitting a laser and scanning the laser that is reflected and returned. The laser lighthouses 3a and 3b oscillate the laser by rotating mirrors 8a and 8b having axes parallel to the ground.

Next, the course of the laser will be shown. The laser emitted from the laser oscillators 6a, 6b is the half mirror 7a,
Rotating mirror 8 with an axis parallel to the ground, reflecting on 7b
It reflects to a and 8b. This mirror is attached to both sides,
The electric motors 10a and 10b move at a constant rotational speed. The rotations are counted by the encoders 9a and 9b, the information is sent to the arithmetic unit, and the number of rotations is obtained by the counter in the arithmetic unit. The laser passing through the rotary mirrors 8a and 8b is reflected by the retroreflector 4 as shown in FIG. 7, returns to the path parallel to the incident direction again, passes through the rotary mirrors 8a and 8b, and passes through the half mirrors 7a and 7b. , And is sent to the processing unit and taken into the monochromators 12a and 12b. In the monochromators 12a and 12b, light is spectrally separated for each wavelength. The light dispersed by the monochromators 12a and 12b is OME
The light emitted from the laser oscillators 6a and 6b is extracted by (optical multi-channel analyzer) 13a and 13b. As a result, it turns on when there is a laser input and turns off when there is no laser input.
Is converted into the signal of and is taken into the computer.

The arithmetic unit always counts time. The rotation speeds of the rotary mirrors 8a and 8b are encoders 9a and 9b.
And the internal counter of the calculator. If there is no obstacle 11, periodic ON / O like signal 21 in FIG.
An FF signal is obtained. The time of the ON state at this time is t
And When the rotation speed of the mirror is constant, a waveform with constant t is obtained. Now, consider the case where the vehicle 22 passes as shown in FIG. The light emitted from the laser lighthouses 3a and 3b is
ON until it hits the vehicle 22, which becomes the obstacle 11.
Keep sending the signal. When the laser emitted from the laser lighthouse 3a is in the ON state, t _{1 is set} ; when the laser emitted from the laser lighthouse 3b is in the ON state, t _{2 is taken} . The rotation speeds of the rotary mirrors 8a and 8b are both ω. Assuming that the height of the lighthouse is h, the distance L ₁ from the laser lighthouse 3a to the vehicle 22 is [Equation 1] L ₁ = h × tan (ω × t ₁ ) The distance L ₂ from the laser lighthouse 3b to the vehicle 22 is [Equation 2] L ₂ = h × tan (ω × t ₂ ). O is turned on again from the start of ON until t
If the total length of the retroreflective plate is L when the state is not N, the width w of the vehicle 22 is [Equation 3] w = L− (L ₁ + L ₂ ). If it becomes ON again, vehicle 22
May be lower than the laser lighthouses 3a and 3b respectively.
Width w is obtained.

FIG. 10 shows a locus of width w. Normally, two vehicles 22 do not run side by side on the taxiway,
A waveform like the two on the left is obtained. When the passing vehicle 22 is a car such as a truck, a rectangle having a constant width A is drawn as in the left end of the figure, and the waveform is cut off after passing one vehicle. In the case of an aircraft, there is a portion w = 0 between the front wheels and the rear wheels as shown by the width B in the center of the figure. Since the types of vehicles that come and go at the airport are limited, if the pattern of the locus of width w is sampled for each vehicle and input to the computer, the type of vehicle is determined by the information obtained from the width w. can do. In the case of aircraft, the type can be predicted to some extent by the width of the rear wheels.

Considering the case where the vehicle 22 runs in parallel,
Information such as position and time parameters as in FIG. 11 is required. According to FIGS. 10 and 11, the vehicle 2
When two run side by side and cross the apparatus, if there is a difference in the crossing time even for a moment, the respective widths can be detected. Even if the air and the car pass at the same time, the position of the front wheel of the aircraft,
If the position of one rear wheel is known, the dimension 1 in FIG. 11 can be obtained, and the size of the aircraft can be known.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the vehicle passing through the stop bar is continuously and continuously judged from the time and the width of the vehicle, and the traffic flow on the taxiway is monitored without being monitored by human eyes. It can be monitored and the stop bar and centerline lights can be controlled. This will make a major contribution to the automatic control of airports.

Next, FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the aircraft detection system device, which is equipped with driving electric motors 10a and 10b for driving while maintaining the rotation axes of the rotary mirrors 8a and 8b in the vertical direction. Characterize. In this case, the laser lighthouses 3a, 3
Since the laser beam b can be applied obliquely without being installed on the extension line of the retroreflective plates 4 arranged in a line, the height of the laser lighthouse can be reduced.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show an embodiment in which a corner cube 5 is used instead of using the retroreflective plate 4. In the case of the corner cube 5, the laser is reflected from both sides as shown in FIG. Has been done. Also, a cover 5a is hung so as to withstand the weight of the vehicle. The narrower the installation interval of the corner cubes 5, the higher the detection accuracy of the vehicle width, but at least the width of the narrowest vehicle can prevent detection omission. Since the corner cube 5 has a higher reflectance than the retroreflector 4, there is an advantage that it is less likely to be affected by disturbance.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the aircraft detection system device according to the second aspect of the present invention, in which a laser oscillator 6a,
It is characterized in that a convex lens 16 for converting a laser beam into a surface beam is attached to rotating mirrors 8a and 8b for reflecting the laser beam emitted from 6b while rotating.

When the retroreflector 4 is chased by the laser lighthouses 3a and 3b, there is a possibility that the laser beam may not reach the reflectors with a slight distance with respect to the reflectors with a long distance. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, a semi-cylindrical prism or convex lens 16 that forms a plane beam perpendicular to the rotation axis is attached to the portion of the rotating mirrors 8a and 8b where the laser light emitted from the laser oscillator is incident. By using a surface beam, the laser does not reach even if the laser lighthouse slightly shakes with respect to the distant reflection plate.

The location of the vehicle is not limited to the airport but can be determined in the tunnel of the road so that the type of the vehicle can be determined and the information in the tunnel can be obtained.

[0020]

According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the identification accuracy of an obstacle existing in a taxiway.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an aircraft detection system device according to claim 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a main part of an aircraft detection system device according to another embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an installation place of a laser lighthouse.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of concavities.

5 is an enlarged front view of the conic cube shown in FIG. 4. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a convex lens according to claim 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of FIG.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of FIG.

9A and 9B are explanatory views showing the operation of FIG.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of FIG.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of FIG. 1.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3a, 3b ... Laser lighthouse 4 ... Retroreflector 5 ... Convex 6a, 6b ... Laser transmitter 8a, 8b ... Rotating mirror 9a, 9b ... Encoder 10a, 10b ... Motor 12a, 12b ... Monochrome meters 13a, 13b ... Optical multi-channel analyzers 14a, 14b ... Distance calculator 15 ... Discrimination calculator 16 ... Convex lens

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A set of rails, which are installed on opposite sides of a taxiway for guiding an aircraft so as to face each other and detect the presence or absence of an obstacle.
A laser lighthouse, a laser transmitter for emitting a laser beam provided corresponding to these laser lighthouses, and a rotating laser beam emitted from this laser transmitter. A rotating mirror configured to reflect and rotate the reflected laser beam along a cross section of the guide path, an electric motor for driving the rotating mirror, and a rotation angle attached to the rotation shaft. An encoder for outputting rotation information according to the encoder, a reflecting means installed on the ground of the guideway for reflecting the laser beam in the incident direction, and a reflected laser beam reflected by the reflecting means. Output from the encoder, a monochrome meter taken in through a rotating mirror, an optical multi-channel analyzer that analyzes the output of the monochromator and detects the presence or absence of the obstacle by the presence or absence of the reflected laser beam. Rotation angle And a distance calculator for calculating an obstacle distance from the ground plane height of the rotating mirror to the obstacle, which is predetermined, and the obstacle from a plurality of obstacle distances output from the one set of laser lighthouses. An aircraft detection system device comprising: an identification calculator that calculates the width dimension of an object to identify the type of the obstacle. 2. A convex lens for converting a laser beam into a surface beam is attached to a rotating mirror for reflecting the laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator while rotating. The aircraft sensing system apparatus according to claim 1.