JPH0734157B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument that generates a musical tone of a specified pitch, and more particularly to an electronic musical instrument that adds an additional tone during a musical tone of a slow tempo. .

(B) Conventional Technique In conventional natural musical instruments, only musical tones designated by the performer are pronounced, but such musical instruments require a high level of performance skill in order to perform a complicated performance. For this reason, in recent years, electronic musical instruments have been put into practical use in which, when a basic melody is played, various additional tones and chords are automatically added to the melody. For example, in the "automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument" described in JP-A-59-192289, the rhythm pattern of the chord for accompaniment is determined based on the data designating the level of the musical tone.

(C) Problem to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above-mentioned automatic accompaniment device for an electronic musical instrument, since the corresponding additional tone pattern is always read out by referring to the tone level output, the additional tone pattern is generated at the same time when the musical tone is produced. Has been added, and when a musical sound with a fast tempo is being played, there is a disadvantage that the additional sound rather hinders the flow of music. Further, since the pattern of the additional sound is determined only by the sounding level of the musical sound being sounded, the player cannot control the structure of the sound.

According to the present invention, the additional sound is added only when the same sound is continuously emitted for a certain period of time or more, so that the additional sound is added only when a slow and slow tempo musical tone is played, It is possible to provide an electronic musical instrument that can generate a musical tone intended by a performer by improving the flow of music and determining the constituent sound of a pattern to be added by a chord designated by the performer. To aim.

According to the present invention, an additional sound of a level determined by a function is added from a specified value of a sounding level designating means for accepting a musical sound specification and a sounding level specification only when the same sound is continuously produced for a certain period of time, (EN) An electronic musical instrument capable of generating a musical tone intended by a performer by improving the flow of music and also determining a constituent sound of a pattern to be added by a chord designated by the performer. It is an object.

(D) Means for Solving the Problem In the electronic musical instrument according to the first aspect of the invention, the pitch designating means for designating the pitch of the musical tone to be generated, the pattern storage means for storing the pattern of the additional tone, and the musical tone designating At the same time, in an electronic musical instrument having a musical tone level designating means for accepting designation of a sounding level, a pattern storage means for storing a pattern of an additional tone, and each time a musical tone is designated by the musical tone designating means, progress from the designated timing. Measure time,
If the elapsed time is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, a tone generation means for generating a tone in addition to the specified tone and a tone read out from the pattern storage means, and the tone level designation Additional sound level determining means for determining the sounding level of the additional sound based on a predetermined function from the designated value of the means is provided.

The electronic musical instrument according to the second aspect of the present invention is an electronic musical instrument having a musical tone designating means for accepting designation of a pitch of a musical tone to be pronounced and a musical tone level designating means for accepting designation of a tone generation level at the same time as the musical tone designation. Each time a musical tone is designated by the musical tone designating unit, a time elapsed from the designated timing is measured every time the musical tone is designated by the musical tone designating unit, a chord designating unit for designating a chord to be sounded at the same time as the musical tone, a pattern storing unit for storing a pattern of an additional tone. , When the elapsed time is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, a tone of the chord specified by the chord designating means corresponding to the pattern read from the pattern storage means, in addition to the designated musical tone. And an additional sound level deciding means for deciding a sounding level of the additional sound based on a function from a designated value of the musical tone level designating means. The is characterized in that provided.

(E) Operation of the invention With the electronic musical instrument according to the first aspect of the present invention, after the musical tone is designated, if no new key is pressed within a predetermined time, the musical tone is designated by the pattern read from the pattern storage means. At the same time, a tone of a level determined by a function from the designated value of the tone level designating means for accepting the tone level designation is generated as an additional tone. This additional sound may be, for example, a constituent sound of a chord to which the specified musical sound is attached or a so-called ad lib phrase.

Further, in the electronic musical instrument according to the second aspect of the invention, the additional tone in the first aspect of the invention is a chord component sound, and the designation of the chord is input from the chord designating means. This chord designating means may be composed of, for example, a keyboard for accompaniment, and by doing so, it becomes possible to pronounce the constituent tones of the chord that cannot be obtained only from the pitch of the designated musical tone, You will also be able to play songs with complex chord structures.

(F) Embodiment FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control unit of an electronic musical instrument which is an embodiment of the present invention. This electronic musical instrument is controlled by a CPU 10, and the CPU 10 is connected to each operating unit via a bus 11. A program memory 12, a register memory 13, a pattern memory 14, a tempo clock 15, a keyboard circuit 16, a switch group 17 and a tone generator 18 are connected to the bus. The program shown in the flowchart described later is stored in the program memory 12. Further, the register group shown in FIG. 2 is set in the register memory 13. The pattern memory 14 stores the additional sound pattern table shown in FIG. The tempo clock 15 generates a clock signal of a constant cycle and interrupts the CPU 10 at every predetermined timing. Keyboard circuit 16
Has a keyboard of 61 to 88 keys, and has a function of detecting a key that is turned on and a function of detecting a keystroke force (initial touch strength) when the key is turned on. The switch group 17 has a tone setting switch and a switch for setting the playing mode,
The mode setting switch includes a solo style play mode setting switch. The solo style play mode is a mode in which additional sounds are added during melody performance.
The tone generator 18 has a sound source circuit of a plurality of channels, of which two channels (0ch, 1ch) are used for melody, and the other sound source circuits are used for additional sound and chord sound generation. This tone generator 18 is connected to a sound system consisting of an amplifier and speakers,
The electric signal of the musical sound generated by the tone generator 18 is generated as a musical sound by the sound system.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a register group set in the register memory 13. The registers and flags set in the register memory 13 are as follows.

ADON: A flag that memorizes that the sound specified as the additional sound is being key-on. While this flag is set, the sound is not muted even if the key is turned off.

ADRS: Pattern table pointer-Pointer for sequentially reading the sequence data stored in the pattern table ADVL: Additional sound level register A register for storing the sound level of the additional sound. The content is determined based on the initial strength (TCH).

ASS: Assigned channel register-Register for alternately assigning the tone generator circuit (0 channel, 1 channel) for the melody to the melody sound. Therefore, 0 and 1 are alternately stored in this register.

BGN: Additional sound performance start flag-Flag set when additional sound performance starts CHK: Key-on timing register-Tempo clock CLK
A 5-bit register that stores the timing when the melody key is turned on based on the. The value of the standby register STBY is determined based on the contents of this register.

CLK: Tempo clock register-A register that counts clock pulses counted once for every 1/32 bar DT: Pattern data buffer-A register that temporarily stores the sequence data read from the pattern table KC: Key code register-Current key-on Registers for storing key codes of selected keys KC1 to KC4: Additional tone key code register-chord specification register Registers for storing chord constituent tones (pitch) detected from ROOT and TYPE. The stored constituent tones are read when the additional tones are sounded.

KEYBUF (0), KEYBUF (1): Key code buffer-0
Registers for storing key codes of musical tones being sounded in channels 1 and 1 KON (0), KON (1): Key-on flag-stores key depression states of keys corresponding to channels 0 and 1 respectively.

RUN: Solo style play flag-Flag that is set when solo style play is set STBY: Standby register-Register that stores the beat that starts the additional sound TCH: Initial strength register-The strength of keystrokes of the key-on key Registers to be stored ROOT, TYPE: Chord specification register-The root of the chord (C, D, ...) is stored in ROOT, and the type of chord (Ma
jor, minor, etc.) are stored.

Further, FIG. 3 (A) is a diagram showing an example of the stored contents (sequence data) of the pattern table set in the pattern memory, and FIG. 3 (B) is the rhythm of the additional sound produced by this sequence data. It is a figure which shows the register number of a pattern and a key code.

In the figure (A), the numerical values 0 to 4 and 7 are sequentially stored, but 1 to 4 are the key code registers KC1 to KC.
It means that the tone assigned to C4 should be pronounced,
A value of 0 means that the musical sound that had been sounded up to that point should be silenced, and a value of 7 means that there is no change in operation at this timing. For example, in the sequence 1-7-0-7, it means that the musical tone stored in KC1 is sounded for two beats and muted for two beats. By decoding the data shown in FIG. 9A in this manner, the additional sound having the pattern shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the operation of the CPU 10.

FIG. 13A shows a main routine. When the sound source of this electronic musical instrument is turned on, first, an initializing operation such as clearing each register is performed (n1), and a playable state is set. After that, the standby routines of n2, n11, and n17 are repeatedly executed. At n2, it is determined whether or not there is an on / off event of a key on the keyboard, and if there is a key on / off event, the operation proceeds to n3 to n10. At n11, it is determined whether or not there is an on event of the solo style place switch (SSPSW) included in the switch group 17, and if there is an on event, the process proceeds to n12 to n16. In n17, the volume control of the sound being played and on / off detection of other key switches are executed.

When a key on / off event is detected in n2 and the operation proceeds to n3, it is first determined whether or not the solo style play mode is set (whether or not the RUN flag is on). When the solo style play mode is not set, the keyed-on pitch is assigned to an appropriate channel of the tone generator 18 to execute the sound generation control operation (n
Five). On the other hand, when the solo style play mode is set, it is determined whether or not the key range of the turned-on key is the melody range (that is, the keyboard is divided into the melody range and the accompaniment range). (N4). If it is within the melody range, the melody key-on operation (n8) or the melody key-off event (n9) is executed in response to the key-on / off event (n6). If the key-on key is outside the melody tone range (within the accompaniment tone range), the process proceeds from n4 to n7, and the accompaniment key-on operation (n10) is executed only in the case of a key-on event.

When it is determined in n11 that the solo style play switch is turned on, the process proceeds to n12, and the second channel of the tone generator 18 is keyed off. The second channel is a channel for sounding an additional sound. Next, the RUN flag is inverted (n13). That is, the solo style play switch is a toggle switch, and the set / reset of the solo style play mode is inverted every time it is turned on. If the RUN flag is set by the flag inversion operation of n13, at least C
Clear LK, BGN, ADON and set STBY to -1 (n15)
Continue to n17. When the RUN flag is reset by the operation of n13, all the channels assigned to the chord accompaniment and the like are keyed off (n16) and the process proceeds to n17.

FIG. 6B is a flowchart showing the melody key-on subroutine. This operation is executed in n8 of the main routine, that is, when the key is turned on in the melody range. In this embodiment, since the number of pronunciations on the melody keyboard is set to 1, it is first determined whether or not the channel assigned at the time of the previous key-on is producing a musical tone (KON (ASS) (this ASS indicates the previously assigned channel). (Shown.) Is set) (n21). If no pronunciation is being made, proceed directly to n24. on the other hand,
If sound is being generated, KON (ASS) is reset (n22), this sound is forcibly dumped, and (n23) and n24 proceed. In n24, the assigned channel register ASS is inverted. Next, the key code of the input key is read into the KC register, and the initial touch strength of this key is read into the TCH register (n
twenty five). The fact that this tone is being sounded is stored in KON (ASS) and the key code is stored in KCBUF (ASS) (n2
6), send these data to the ASS channel of the tone generator 18 and execute sound generation processing (n27).

Next, CLK to the CHK register (key-on timing register).
Input the value of (n28) and set the upper 2 bits of the CHK register to the standby register STBY. CHK register is 1
Since the bar is divided into 32 (1 beat is 8) and the timing is stored, the upper 2 bits correspond to the number of beats. By this action
In STBY, the sounding beat timing of the musical sound that has been currently sounded is stored. Next, it is judged whether the lower 3 bits of the CHK register are 2 or less (n30), and if 2 or less, 1 is added to STBY and the remainder divided by 4 is set in STBY (n31), and CHK If the register contents exceed 2, ST
Add 2 to BY and divide by 4 and set the remainder in STBY (n32). As a result, the STBY counter is set so that the additional sound is added if there is no further melody key-on event for one beat or more after the occurrence of the melody key-on event. The melody key-on pronunciation delay with respect to the beat is 2
If it is within the count (1/16 note or less), the beat at which the current melody key is turned on is regarded as one beat, and the additional sound is added from the next beat timing (n30, n31). Note that n
The reason why the remainder obtained by dividing STBY by 4 in 31n32 is set is that the number indicating the beat is a repetition of 1-2-3-4-1-. Next, the DGN flag is reset (n33), the parameter calculated from the initial touch intensity (TCH) is set in the additional sound level register ADVL that sets the sounding level of the additional sound (n34), and the process returns.

Here, the function FUNC (TCH) for determining the additional sound level ADVL can be variously set as shown in FIGS. 5 (A) to (C). TC of ADVL according to the characteristics of the function (shape of function curve)
Various controls can be performed based on H. Besides the functions shown in FIG. 5, functions such as higher-order curves and step functions may be considered.

FIG. 7C is a melody key-off subroutine.
This operation is executed when the key in the melody range is turned off. First, the key code of the turned off key is set in the KC register (n41). It is determined in n42 and n46 whether or not this key code is the key code assigned to channel 0 or channel 1.

Of these, if the key code is currently sounding, proceed from n42 to n43. In n43, the key-off information of the musical tone is transmitted to the tone generator 18 to perform the key-off process (however, when the ADON flag is set for this tone, the tone is not muted). Next, KON (ASS) is reset (n44), the BGN flag is reset (additional sound is stopped), and STPY is set to -1 (additional sound is disabled) (n4
5) Return.

On the other hand, if the key code is for a channel that is not sounding, n46
→ Proceed to n47, reset KON (1-ASS) and return. The tone of this channel is already muted at n23 of the melody key-on subroutine.

FIG. 6D shows the accompaniment key-on operation. When the key in the accompaniment area is turned on, ROOT and TYPE are rewritten from the currently set chord information to the chord information detected by this key-on, and the process returns. That is, once the key in the accompaniment area is keyed on, the key information is held until the next new keyon.

FIG. 6E shows a clock interrupt operation. This operation is an operation started by an interrupt that the tempo clock 15 makes to the CPU 10 at regular intervals. Since (E) in the figure illustrates the operation of the clock interrupt for processing the solo style play, it is first determined at n51 whether or not the RUN flag is set. If it is set, the operation of n52 and below is executed, and if it is reset, it returns as it is. First, based on the CLK register, the rhythm sound generation process at that timing is executed (n52), and CLK, R
The auto accompaniment sound generation process is executed based on the OOT and TYPE registers (n53). Next, the value of the upper 2 bits of CLK and the stored content of STBY are compared, and in FIG. 7B, if there is no melody key-on event for a predetermined number of beats and the register STBY is not updated, STBY and the upper 2 bits of CLK are the same. Set STBY to -1 (standby release) to start additional sound (n5
5), set additional sound performance start flag BGN ON, and
Clear the pattern table pointer ADRS (n56) n57
Proceed to. At n57, if BGN is set or the ADON flag is set, the process proceeds to n58 or less for sounding an additional sound, and otherwise proceeds to n60. Here, the ADON flag is a flag that is set when the sound assigned as the additional sound is being sounded, as described in FIG. n5
In 8, the additional sound processing subroutine is executed and 1 is added to ADRS (n59). Next, set the tempo clock register CLK to 1
Advance (n60) and return. In n59 and n60, the content of the register (pointer) is divided by 32 and the remainder is set because one bar repeats from 0 count to 31 count.

FIG. 6F is an additional sound processing subroutine. First, the constituent notes of the chord specified by the accompaniment key are set as additional notes in the additional note key code registers KC1 to KC4 (n71 to n74). KC1 is set to the keyed pitch, KC2 is set to the chord constituent tones that are higher than AA by KC1, and KC3 and KC4 are set to the two chord constituents below KC1. Set. Next, at n75, the pattern data of the specified address (PTN (ADRS) in the pattern table is read and set in DT. If DT is not 7,0 and the BGN flag is set (n76 to n78), the sounding operation of the additional sound is performed. Proceed to n79 to execute the corresponding key code (KC (DT))
And ADVL are transmitted to the two channels of the tone generator 18. After this, set ADON and return. If ST = 7, no processing is executed, and the process returns as it is (n76). If DT = 0, the mute operation is executed from n77 to n81, ADON is reset (n82), and the process returns.

The correspondence relationship between the present invention and this embodiment is as follows.

(1) The pitch designating means corresponds to the keyboard circuit 16.

(2) The pattern storage means corresponds to the pattern table (FIG. 3 (A)).

(3) The additional sound producing means corresponds to the operation shown in FIG.

(4) The chord designating means corresponds to the accompaniment tone range of the keyboard circuit 16.

In this embodiment, the condition is that the melody additional sound is generated when there is no key-on event for a predetermined time after the key-on event, but as an example of adding the additional sound when the melody key pressing tempo is slow, "key-on" It is also possible to consider a method in which "is added to a melody when a predetermined time or more continues." Even in such a case, it does not go against the gist of the present application, and in this case, the additional sound may be generated only when the determination is Yes in step n21 of FIG. 4 (B).

(G) Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the electronic musical instrument of the first invention, when a new pitch is not specified within a predetermined time after the pitch is specified, it is read from the pattern storage means. In this pattern, a musical tone of a level determined by a function is added as an additional sound from the designated value of the pronunciation level designating means that accepts the designation of the musical tone level at the same time as the musical tone designation, so that the musical tone is played at a fast tempo. When playing, the pitch of the specified musical tone can be utilized without adding any additional tone, and when a musical tone with a slow tempo is being played, an additional tone with a level determined by the desired characteristics is added for effect. Decoration can be done. As a result, it is possible to eliminate the annoyance of the additional sound that is added when the musical sound is played at a fast tempo, which is caused by adding the additional sound as is conventionally done.

Further, according to the electronic musical instrument of the second invention, since the constituent tones of the designated chord can be generated as additional tones, it cannot be obtained only from the pitch of the musical tone designated by the pitch designating means. It becomes possible to pronounce the constituent tones of chords as well, and it is possible to play songs with complicated chord composition, which enables a natural and diverse performance.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a control unit of an electronic musical instrument which is an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a register group set in a register memory of the control unit, and FIG. 3 (A) is the control unit. Showing an example of a pattern table set in the pattern memory of FIG. 4B, FIG. 4B showing an additional sound generated based on the pattern set in the pattern table, and FIG.
FIG. 5F is a flowchart showing the operation of the control unit, and FIGS. 5A to 5C are diagrams showing an example of a function for obtaining the sounding level of the additional sound based on the initial touch strength of the key. 14 …… Pattern memory.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A pattern for storing a pattern of an additional tone in an electronic musical instrument having a tone designating means for accepting a tone pitch designation of a tone to be pronounced and a tone level designating means for simultaneously accepting a tone level designation. Each time a musical sound is designated by the storage means and the musical tone designating means, an elapsed time from the designated timing is measured. If the elapsed time is equal to or more than a predetermined value set in advance, the musical tone is added to the designated musical sound. And an additional sound for generating an additional sound by the pattern read out from the pattern storage means, and an additional sound for determining a sounding level of the additional sound based on a predetermined function from the designated value of the musical tone level designating means. An electronic musical instrument characterized by being provided with a level determining means. 2. An electronic musical instrument having a musical tone designating means for receiving designation of a musical tone to be pronounced and a musical tone level designating means for receiving designation of a musical tone level at the same time as the musical tone designation, and designating a chord to be pronounced at the same time as the musical tone. Chord designating means, pattern storage means for storing patterns of additional sounds, and each time a musical tone is designated by the musical tone designating means, an elapsed time from the designated timing is measured, and the elapsed time is predetermined. In the case of being equal to or more than a predetermined value, in addition to the specified musical sound, an additional sound producing means for producing a constituent sound of the chord specified by the chord specifying means corresponding to the pattern read from the pattern storage means, Additional sound level determining means for determining the sounding level of the additional sound based on a function from the specified value of the musical sound level specifying means. Sub musical instrument.