JPH0733569A - Multi-layered capsule for soil-improver and fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce an encapsulated organic fertilizer effective for enabling the reutilization of various wastes difficult to dispose such as waste FRP, food refuse and incineration ash as effective resources, promoting the recharging function and buffering function and useful for assisting the restoration of environment at a low production cost. CONSTITUTION:This multi-layered capsule has the following multi-layered capsule structure. (A) The core 1 is a porous activated carbon formed by baking waste FRP in a casserole; (B) the core 1 is covered with a nutrient-supplying inner shell 2 produced by solidifying ground or finely divided food refuse with a binder; (C) the inner shell 2 is covered with an outer shell 3 composed of grass and wood ash or incinerated paper and cereal ash for soil improvement and further covered with an outer skin film 4 by applying a binder such as starch or cellulose liquid. A seed 5 may be included in the core.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a FRP waste that is difficult to dispose of, a garbage residue that is a non-combustible garbage, a soil improvement and a multi-layered fertilizer capsule manufactured from incinerated ash of plants and paper grains. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for treating FRP (reinforced plastic) waste, it has been difficult to disassemble because of the excellent mechanical and chemical properties of FRP, and most effective techniques and applications for recycling are available. None, they were landfilled. As a method for treating raw garbage (hereinafter, used in the same meaning as kitchen waste), most of them are landfilled because they are difficult to burn. Furthermore, some flammable materials were sometimes processed in an incinerator. In addition, very rarely,
In some cases, raw garbage is fermented for a long time to form compost that can be used as a fertilizer for garden trees, and then effectively used.

[0003]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, FRP
Since the amount of waste and raw garbage is increasing and there is a limit to securing landfill treatment sites, it is extremely difficult for any local government to secure the landfill. Moreover, there is a problem in that raw garbage produces an offensive odor. Regarding the reuse of FRP waste, it has mechanical strength and chemical stability, and the development of recycled product applications utilizing this physical property has been demanded from the viewpoint of resource saving and the like. In addition, reuse of waste including raw garbage has become an urgent social issue.

The present invention makes it possible to reuse FRP waste that is difficult to dispose of, raw garbage that is difficult to burn, incinerated ash, etc. as raw materials as an effective resource, and soil improvement that can be manufactured at low cost,
It is an object to provide a multilayer capsule for fertilizer.

[0005]

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, that is, it has a structure in which at least the following multilayer structure is encapsulated. B) The core of the FRP waste was steam-baked and made of porous activated carbon. (B) The outer circumference of the core core is surrounded by an inner shell for nutrient supply, which is hardened by adding a binder to crushed or fragmented raw garbage and solidified. C)
Around the inner shell, an outer shell for soil improvement composed of incinerated ash such as plant ash or paper grain is surrounded, and a binder such as starch or cellulose solution is applied around the outer shell to form an outer film. What I did. Further, the core may be formed into a spherical shape or a cylindrical shape, and seeds may be put in a part thereof.

[0006]

The operation of the product of the present invention will be described. First FR
The process of forming the core core (1) from the raw material of P waste will be described. Preliminarily collect FRP waste into a suitable shape
For example, it is formed into a spherical shape, a columnar shape, a rod shape, and the like, and this is steamed to form a porous activated carbon. At this time,
The FRP waste may be activated carbonized in advance, crushed, and then coated with a binder to form a core core (1) having an appropriate shape. When the seed (5) is included in the core (1), the V-groove seed storage portion (11) is also formed at the same time when the core (1) is formed. Next, in order to fix and hold the seeds (5) on the core core (1), starch or cellulose solution is applied as a binder to the seed storage part (11) with a brush or soaked in the same solution. ,afterwards,
By placing the seed (5) on the seed storage section (11), the seed (5) is fixedly held. In addition, the core core (1) of porous activated carbon is used to control the adsorption of soil (6) particles,
It promotes the storage control function of nutrients of the soil (6) (buffer function) and promotes air permeability and water retention.

Next, the process until the inner shell (2) for supplying nutrients made of raw garbage is surrounded by the core (1) will be described. In general, in public facilities such as homes, business establishments, and schools, unnecessary materials such as packaging materials, trays, aluminum foil, and disposable chopsticks are removed from the garbage residue that is the raw material, and only the necessary materials are sorted. deep. Collect and secure it regularly.
By putting the sorted garbage into a moving processing facility (not shown), it is dehydrated and dried to a water content of about 5 to 30% by weight to reduce the bulk, and it is crushed and a viscous substance such as cellulose is crushed. Is added and stored in a fluidized tank. After that, the core core (1) is immersed in the fluidized tank, and the periphery of the core core (1) is coated to an appropriate thickness to form an inner shell (2).
The inner shell (2) contains nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, amino acids, sugars, vitamins, hormones, trace elements, oil cake,
It contains bone powder and acts on soil (6), seeds (5), crops, etc. as a recharge function and macromolecular nutrition.

Around the inner shell (2), an outer shell (3) for soil improvement which is composed of incinerated ash of plant ash or paper grain is surrounded,
Further, a binder such as starch or cellulose solution is applied to the periphery thereof to form an outer film (4), and the outer shell (3)
The steps until the encapsulation is completed with the outer coating (4) will be described. First, the core core (1) with the inner shell (2) coated is immersed in a starch liquid tank or a cellulose liquid tank prepared in advance. Thereafter, while the adhesive force of the film is present, the outer shell (3) having a predetermined thickness is formed by rolling on the incinerated ash such as plant ash or paper grain. The outer shell (3) serves as a soil conditioner for neutralizing acid soil. After forming the outer shell (3), it is further dipped in a starch solution to form an outer coating (4) which is an outermost shell coating having a thickness of about 1 mm. And this is 30 ~ 50 ℃, and 60 ~
When it is dried for 180 seconds, the hardness is such that it does not change with acupressure. Therefore, as the encapsulated mass, the odor and dirt due to the raw garbage inside are sealed by the outer shell (3) and the outer coating (4), and the core core (1) is activated carbonized. At the same time, the outer shell (3) is surrounded by incinerated ash such as plant ash, so that the deodorizing action is performed inside, the odor is reduced, and the handling during storage, transportation or use becomes easy.

A method of using the product of the present invention will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the product of the present invention is embedded in the soil (6) at an appropriate depth. Then, the outer film (4) formed of starch etc. deteriorates with rain and sunlight over time,
Outer shell (3), which is an alkaline soil conditioner, dissolves out of it. The outer shell (3) neutralizes the acidic soil and improves the soil. Further, the shape of the outer shell (3) easily collapses, and the next inner shell (2) is easily melted. Since the inner shell (2) is made of raw garbage, it can be used as a representative fertilizer for organic substances and can be used as a substitute for chemical fertilizers or as a high-quality organic substance resource. Since the product of the present invention in which the inner shell (2) contains about 5 to 30% by weight of water is in a fermented state during storage, it promotes the promotion of fertilizer. Accordingly, by mixing the product of the present invention into the lean soil (6), the state becomes the same as the state in which the fertilizer is applied, and it becomes possible to secure the stable fertile soil. After that, the shape of the inner shell (2) disappears, and finally the core core (1) obtained by activated carbonization of the FRP waste remains [see FIG. 3 (b)]. This core core (1)
Remains in the soil (6) forever, but is harmless,
Since it is in a state of being spread, in the soil (6) by the activated carbon-treated core core (1),
It not only purifies acid rain and organic solvents, but also improves the adsorption of harmful components or the circulation of air in the soil (6), and also promotes water retention. Therefore, by using the product of the present invention, the buffering function and the recharge function are improved, it is possible to prevent the stable fertilized topsoil from scattering, and it becomes possible to retain the water content of the dry soil (6). Can fulfill the role of. Incidentally, it is possible to use even without the core core (1).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when a seed (5) is included in the product of the present invention, if the product of the present invention is embedded in the soil (6) at an appropriate depth as described above, The outer film (4) formed of starch or the like is deteriorated by rain or sunlight with the passage of time, and the outer shell (3) which is an alkaline soil improving agent is dissolved from the outer film. The outer shell (3) promotes neutralization of the acidic soil and promotes soil improvement, then the outer shell (3) collapses, the inner shell (2) is exposed, and the inner shell (2) which is an organic fertilizer The seeds (5) encapsulated in (3) germinate. At this time, even if the land is a desert or a thin soil (6), by making the inner shell (2) larger in advance, the crop can grow only in the inner shell (2). . or,
The core core (1) obtained by activated carbonization of FRP waste improves the buffering function and the recharge function, prevents the stable fertilized topsoil from scattering, and serves as an emergency support measure for crop growth after the runoff of the fertilized topsoil and dry soil ( The crops in 6) can be cultivated. When the long product of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 is used as it is, the planting work can be carried out efficiently if it is used as it is, but it is also possible to embed a finely cut product into an appropriate length. Also, the inner shell (2) has a water content of 5 to 30.
By embedding the one containing about 5% by weight, the product of the present invention is fermented during storage to promote the promotion of fertilizer and also serves as a water retention agent, so that the germination rate of the seed (5) is improved. It is possible to improve.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(1) is a core core made of porous activated carbon obtained by steam-baking a spherical FRP waste having a diameter of about 10 mm. A V-groove-shaped seed storage portion (11) having a depth of about 5 mm is formed on the surface of the core (1). The seed storage section (11) is for fixing and holding the seed (5) in the core (1). In addition, this core core (1)
The shape of is not limited to the spherical shape described above, and may be, for example, a tetrahedron or a hexahedron. The raw material of the core (1) may be not only FRP waste but also synthetic resin waste. (2) has a thickness of 1 on the outer periphery of the core (1)
An inner shell for nutrient supply surrounded by about 5 mm, wherein the inner shell (2) is for mashing or slicing and dehydrated and dried and added with a binder to the raw waste for nutrient supply or fertilizer Play a role. It is advisable to prepare several types depending on the state of the soil (6). (3) is an outer shell for soil improvement in which the outer circumference of the inner shell (2) is surrounded by a thickness of about 5 mm, and the outer shell (3) is an alkaline one composed of incinerated ash such as plant ash or paper grain, Its role is to be used as a soil agent for neutralizing acid soil. (4) is around the outer shell (3),
Binder such as starch or cellulose solution is applied 1
An outer coating formed to a thickness of about mm, the outer coating (4)
Is hardened to the extent that it is not depressed by acupressure.
The size of the product of the present invention is a spherical encapsulated mass having a diameter of 35 to 40 mm. Moreover, you may use the thing which does not include the seed (5) in this invention product.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
This is different from the above embodiment in the overall shape. In other words, the core core (1) is made of porous activated carbon and has a diameter of 10 mm.
Front and rear cylindrical core cores. On the surface of this core (1), a long groove-shaped seed storage section (11) for receiving the seed (5) is formed. The shape of the core core (1) is not limited to the cylindrical shape, and may be a rectangular parallelepiped such as a prism or a long shape such as a rod. The core (1) is surrounded by the inner shell (2) as described above. The outer shell (3) also surrounds the outer circumference of the inner shell (2) as described above. Further, the outer coat (4) also surrounds the outer shell (3) with a thickness of about 1 mm in the same manner as above.

[0013]

The present invention having the above-mentioned constitution has the following effects.

Since the products of the present invention are manufactured by using as raw materials FRP wastes, raw wastes, etc., which have been conventionally discarded, it is possible to promote their effective use, reduce wastes, and extend the life of landfills. It is possible to contribute to the technical contribution to solving the urban garbage problem.

The product of the present invention promotes not only the supply of nutrients but also a recharge function such as water retention and storage and a buffer function of the soil (6) to supplement the water permeability and water retention of the soil (6) and support the recovery of soil fertility. The present invention is also useful for emergency measures after the outflow of fertile soil (6), measures for revegetation of dry soil (6), and support for environmental restoration of acid rain or contaminated soil (6). Is useful.

Since the product of the present invention can be reused as a capsule-shaped organic fertilizer that retains the nutrient value necessary for growing crops such as vegetables and plants, it can reduce the consumption of chemical fertilizer and reduce the fertilizer cost. Can be reduced. Moreover, forcing cultivation of vegetables and other crops is possible.

In the product of the present invention, FRP waste is sealed in the core of the capsule core, the garbage residue is sealed as an encapsulating material for fertilizers and nutrients, and the periphery thereof is combined with a soil conditioner, a water retention substance, a bactericidal insecticide, etc. By encapsulating in, it contributes to reduction of waste treatment cost and reduction of social cost in the life cycle of food. Further, since it becomes possible to reuse the FRP waste and the garbage that have been conventionally discarded, it is possible to save the earth resources and contribute to the reduction of the environmental load.

The product of the present invention is an FRP which has been discarded conventionally.
Manufacturing costs are low because waste, raw garbage, etc. are used as raw materials. Further, by using the product of the present invention, it becomes possible to grow crops even in a desert or a place with a small amount of rainfall. Therefore, it can be expected to make a great contribution to the improvement of the environment overseas by using it not only domestically but also overseas.

By encapsulating the seed (5) in the core (1), it becomes possible to grow the crop just by spraying the product of the present invention. Further, by encapsulating a plurality of seeds (5) in the cylindrical core core (1), the planting can be simplified and the plant can be cut to an appropriate length if necessary.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 core 1 1 seed storage 2 inner shell 3 outer shell 4 outer coating 5 seed

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Office reference number FI technical display location C09K 17/32 H 9451-4H // C09K 101: 00

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A multilayer capsule for soil improvement and fertilizer, which is encapsulated by at least the following multilayer structure. B) The core core (1) was formed by steam-baking the FRP waste and using porous activated carbon. (2) The outer periphery of the core (1) is surrounded by an inner shell (2) for supplying nutrients, which is composed of a mashed or fragmented garbage residue and a binder. C) Surrounding the inner shell (2) is an outer shell (3) for soil improvement, which is composed of plant ash or incinerated ash such as paper grain, and further around the outer shell, a binder such as starch or cellulose solution. Was applied to form the outer coating (4). 2. The core (1) is spherical in shape,
The multilayer capsule for soil improvement and fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein a V-groove-shaped seed storage portion (11) is provided in a part thereof and seeds (5) are placed in the seed storage portion (11). 3. The core core (1) has a columnar shape, and a groove-shaped seed storage portion (11) is formed on the upper portion of the core core, and seeds (5) are placed in the seed storage portion (11). A multi-layer capsule for soil improvement and fertilizer according to claim 1.