JPH07327498A - Method for rearing plant seedling and nursery tray cap - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain plant seedlings suitable for hypocotylous grafting by covering each cell of a nursery tray with a nursery tray cap, efficiently rearing the plant seedling, linearly elongating the plant seedling in the vertical directions and nearly equalizing the length of the hypocotyl with the thickness. CONSTITUTION:This method for rearing plant seedlings is to constitute a cylindrical unit in the form of a circular cylinder, a prism, a circular truncated cone or a prismoid having an opened top surface (11a) and form a nursery tray cap 1 of a semitransparent or a light untransmitting film and having <=70% light transmittance of the film, cover each cell 21 of the nursery tray 2 with the nursery tray cap 1 and rear the plant seedlings 3. Furthermore, the time for starting the period of covering each cell 21 of the nursery tray 2 is preferably just after the seeding to just after the germination.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to a method for raising plant seedlings and a tray cap for raising seedlings.

More specifically, the invention relates to a method for growing a plant seedling for growing a plurality of plant seedlings on a seedling raising tray, and a seedling raising tray cap to be used by covering the seedling raising tray when growing the plant seedlings. is there.

[0004]

[Prior art]

Grafting is a technique which has been widely put into practical use for the purpose of imparting disease resistance to plants, regulating tree vigor, promoting fruit set, increasing yield and improving quality.

The conventional grafting method differs depending on the crop, but is generally carried out manually by the farmer.

In recent years, research and development for mechanization of grafts have been conducted, and as shown in JP-A-2-190118 and JP-A-2-212810, a plurality of spikes and rootstocks are used. There is one that grafts at the same time.

In a device for grafting a large number of seedlings at the same time, such as the grafting device disclosed in the above publication, the growth is inferior when the rootstocks and the spikes are not in a uniform growth state, and the height is constant. That the grafting of less than the stock is not possible,
If the stem of the plant seedling is bent beyond the range that can be guided by the guide plate, it will not be pinched and grafting will not be possible, resulting in poor yield.

Therefore, regarding plant seedlings for a device for grafting a large number of plant seedlings at the same time, it is desirable that the stems of the plant seedlings extend linearly and almost vertically to a certain height or more, and further, all the stems. It is more desirable that the length and the thickness of the are approximately equal.

Also, when grafting is performed manually, in terms of work efficiency and yield, similar to mechanical grafting,
It is desirable that the stems of the plant seedlings grow linearly and almost vertically to a certain height or more, and it is more desirable that all the stems have almost the same length and thickness.

[0011]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, if the seedlings for raising seedlings are simply used for raising seedlings, the seedlings of the plant in the center portion of the tray for raising seedlings become longer than the seedlings in the peripheral portion. , In addition, the stems of the plant seedlings in the peripheral part are bent outward.

Therefore, when the seedlings are simply grown using the seedling-raising tray, the length and thickness of the stems of all the plant seedlings are almost equal to each other, and the stems of the plant seedlings are straight and almost vertically extended into grafts. It was difficult to obtain a suitable plant seedling.

Further, in the case of Akanasu which is used as a rootstock of eggplant, there is a drawback that the elongation of the hypocotyl of the plant seedling is poor and a seedling capable of grafting with the hypocotyl cannot be obtained.

Conventionally, gibberellin treatment was sometimes carried out to correct this drawback.

However, when the gibberellin treatment is carried out, there is a drawback that it is difficult to grasp the proper concentration and spray amount, and the number of steps for raising seedlings is increased.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to develop an embryo in which the stems of plant seedlings, particularly the hypocotyls, extend linearly and almost vertically, and the hypocotyl length and thickness of all plant seedlings are approximately equal. The purpose is to grow plant seedlings suitable for grafting on a shaft.

[0018]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The present inventors have paid attention to the fact that if the seedlings of the seedling raising tray are covered with the tubular tray cap for raising seedlings, the environmental conditions can be made uniform and this problem can be solved. As a result of the addition, the present invention has been completed.

Therefore, the means for solving the problems of the present invention are as follows.

First, in growing a plant seedling using a seedling-raising tray, it is necessary to cover each cell of the seedling-raising tray with a seedling-raising tray cap having a cylindrical body with an open upper surface. A characteristic method for raising plant seedlings.

Secondly, the method for growing plant seedlings according to the above-mentioned first feature, wherein the start time of the period for covering each cell of the seedling raising tray with the seedling raising tray cap is from immediately after sowing to immediately after germination.

Thirdly, the tray cap for raising seedlings, which covers each cell of the tray for raising seedlings, is formed of a translucent or light-impermeable film. Method for raising plant seedlings.

Fourth, the seedling-raising tray cap to cover each cell of the seedling-raising tray is formed of a translucent or light-impermeable film, and the light transmittance of the film is 70% or less. The method for growing a plant seedling according to any one of the second.

Fifth, a tray cap for raising seedlings, which is formed of a semitransparent or light-impermeable film to form a tubular body having an open upper surface.

Sixth, the tray cap for raising seedlings according to the above fifth, wherein the light transmittance of the film is 70% or less.

Seventh, the tray for raising seedlings according to any one of the above fifth to sixth is characterized in that the tubular body has a cylindrical shape, a rectangular tube shape, a truncated cone shape, or a truncated pyramid shape. cap.

Here, the plant seedlings include, for example, seedlings on agricultural products such as watermelon, cucumber, eggplant, and tomato that are frequently grafted, as well as seedlings of agricultural products that are not generally grafted. .

The seedling raising tray refers to a seedbed (pot) for raising seeds from seed to seedling, and one rectangular tray is provided with a plurality of concave cells for growing plant seedlings vertically and horizontally. The feature is that a large number of seedlings can be aligned and grown.

The seedling-raising tray cap is a cap that covers each cell (planting hole) of the seeded seedling-raising tray and surrounds the periphery of the germinated plant seedling, and may be a cylindrical body having an open upper surface. Examples thereof include a cylindrical shape, a rectangular tube shape, a truncated cone shape, and a truncated pyramid shape.

The seedling-raising tray caps are independent one by one and may surround the plant seedlings of each cell of the seedling-raising tray, and therefore need to match the shape of the cell of the seedling-raising tray. There is no particular.

The vertical and horizontal sizes of the bottom surface of the seedling raising tray cap are preferably within ± 10% of the vertical and horizontal sizes of the upper surface of the cell of the seedling raising tray.

The height of the tray cap for raising seedlings may be such that the length of the hypocotyl of the plant seedling extends to suit the graft, for example, about 15 to 50 mm, preferably about 20 to 30 mm. .

The seedling-growing tray cap has, in addition to one tubular cap to cover each cell, a plurality of tubular caps corresponding to the positions of the cells of the seedling-growing tray, and the whole seedling-growing cap. The tray may be formed in a rectangular shape like the tray.

When the whole shape of the seedling raising tray cap is formed into a rectangular shape like the seedling raising tray, the number of caps of the seedling raising tray cap is the same as the number of cells of the seedling raising tray. To

The material of the tray cap for raising seedlings is a water-resistant translucent film (light transmittance of 70% or less) to a light-impermeable film in order to extend the length of the hypocotyl while trying to prevent the growth of the hypocotyl. , Preferably water-resistant semi-transparent (light transmittance 70%
Below) consists of film. For example, the material of the film includes polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, water resistant processed paper and the like.

When seedlings are covered with a tray cap for raising seedlings, after germination, the plant seedlings extend straight in the direction of the light coming in from the upper end, and the hypocotyl of the plant seedlings grows because the light becomes weak overall, and When cultivated collectively with a seedling raising tray, the hypocotyls of all plant seedlings can be uniformly grown.

At this time, since the upper surface of the seedling-raising tray cap is open, the hypocotyl of the plant seedling does not grow soft due to lack of light.

The start of the period for covering the seedling raising tray with the seedling raising tray cap is preferably from immediately after sowing to immediately after germination. The end time of the period is not particularly limited, but when the hypocotyl length reaches 80% of the height H of the tray cap for raising seedlings,
When the hypocotyl length becomes the same as the height H of the tray cap for raising seedlings, when the hypocotyl extends as much as possible to be applied to the grafting device,
Examples include the time when the grafting work is performed.

As a similar technique, there is a technique of putting a paper cap on each seedling planted in a field, but the paper cap used here is used to prevent frost. It is completely different from the tray cap of the present invention in which the upper surface is closed and an opening is formed in the upper surface in consideration of the elongation of the stem.

[0041]

[Action]

The operation of the present invention is as follows.

When the seedling-raising tray is covered with the seedling-raising tray cap, the light enters from the opening on the upper surface of the seedling-raising tray cap, so that the plant seedling extends linearly and almost vertically toward the light, and Since the light is weak as a whole, the hypocotyl of the plant seedlings grows to be suitable for grafting, and the environmental conditions are uniform in the peripheral part and the central part of the seedling-growing tray. Extend to.

By covering the seedling raising tray cap, the plant seedlings can be prevented from falling.

[0045]

【Example】

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, the tray cap for raising seedlings according to the present invention, which is used when carrying out the method for raising plant seedlings according to the present invention, will be described.

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing a state of use of the seedling raising tray cap according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partially cut side view of the seedling raising tray cap according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a part of the tray cap for raising seedlings according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the seedling-raising tray cap 1 of this embodiment corresponds to the position of each cell 21 of the seedling-raising tray 2, and the same number of caps 11 as the cells 21 are shown in FIG. Thus, although not shown in the figure, it is provided in the vertical and horizontal directions and is formed in a rectangular shape similar to the shape of the seedling raising tray 2.

Cap 11 of tray cap 1 for raising seedlings
Is for covering the cells 21 of the seedling-growing tray 2 and has a quadrangular truncated pyramid shape and a cylindrical shape having an opening 11a on the upper surface.

The cross section of each cap 11 is square,
It gradually increases from the top side to the bottom side.

The bottom surface of each cap 11 has a tray 2 for raising seedlings.
The cell 21 is formed to have substantially the same size as the vertical and horizontal sizes of the upper surface of the cell 21.

As shown in FIG. 2, each cap 11 is formed so that the height H is 25 mm.

This tray cap 1 for raising seedlings is made of polystyrene, which is water resistant and translucent (light transmittance of about 30%).

The seedling raising tray 2 is a seedbed (pot) for raising seeds from seed to seedling, and one rectangular tray is provided with a plurality of concave cells 21 for growing plant seedlings vertically and horizontally. It is a thing.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 3 indicates the plant seedling of the cell 21 of the seedling raising tray 2.

Next, a method for growing a plant seedling using the above-mentioned seedling raising tray cap 1 will be described.

Each cell 21 of the seedling raising tray 2 is seeded.

Then, immediately after sowing, until the stems of the plant seedlings grow and the bases of the cotyledons extend above the upper end of the tray cap 1 for raising seedlings, the tray caps 1 for raising seedlings are placed in the trays 2 for raising seedlings in each cell 21. Each cap 11 is covered so as to correspond.

When the seedling-raising tray cap 1 is covered and the seedlings are raised, the plant seedlings 3 of each cell 21 extend straight toward the light entering from the opening 11a on the upper surface of each cap 11,
And because the amount of solar radiation is limited and the light becomes weak overall, the hypocotyl extends.

Moreover, even in the central portion and the peripheral portion of the seedling-growing tray 2, the environmental conditions such as the amount of solar radiation become substantially uniform, so that all the plant seedlings 3 grow substantially uniformly.

At this time, since the seedling raising tray cap 1 is translucent and has the opening 11a on the upper surface of each cap 11 and does not completely block light, the plant seedling 3 is weak due to lack of light. There is no oversight.

By covering the tray cap 1 for raising seedlings, the plant seedlings 3 can be prevented from falling.

[0064]

[Test example]

In the above example, the case where the tomatoes were raised as the plant seedlings 3 was designated as invention zone 1.

On the other hand, the case where the tomato seedlings were raised under the same conditions as the invention plot 1 except that the seedling raising tray cap 1 was not covered was designated as the control plot 1.

In addition, in the above-mentioned examples, the case where the akanas was used as the plant seedling 3 to raise the seedlings was designated as invention zone 2.

On the other hand, the control group 2 was a case where the red algae were raised under the same conditions as the invention group 2 except that the seedling-raising tray cap 1 was not covered.

The results of the test are as follows.

When observing the state of the plant seedlings after the raising, both the plant seedlings of the control group 1 and the control group 2 grow higher in the central part where the amount of daylight is small and grow outward in the peripheral part. As a result, the whole plant seedling on the nursery tray was in the shape of a sickle, because it grew and the hypocotyl was shorter than that in the center.

On the other hand, the plant seedlings of the invention zones 1 and 2 both grow substantially uniformly in the central part and the peripheral part, and the hypocotyls grow linearly and almost vertically. It was

Inventive plot 1 and control plot 1 were on the 18th day after sowing, and inventive plot 2 and control plot 2 were on the 30th day after sowing.
For each ward, plant seedlings of 20 cells in the central portion (referred to as No. 1 to 20) and 20 in the peripheral portion (No.
40) cell plant seedlings, the length of the hypocotyls of the plant seedlings was measured, and the average length of the hypocotyls was calculated.

The results are shown in Table 1.

[0074]

[Table 1]

In each of the plots, the length of the hypocotyl of the plant seedling in the peripheral portion was 2.9 mm longer in the invention plot 1 on average than in the control plot 1,
Inventive plot 2 was on average 8.9 mm longer than control plot 2.

In each of the plots, the difference in the average length of the hypocotyls of the plant seedlings between the central part and the peripheral part is 7.5 in the control plot 1.
Inventive Zone 1 has a diameter of 0.2 mm,
The control plot 2 was 4.3 mm, while the invention plot 2 was 0.1 mm.

From the above results, seedling tray tray 1
It was confirmed that by raising seedlings using, it is possible to grow plant seedlings linearly and almost vertically, and all of the plant seedlings have substantially uniform length and thickness of hypocotyl.

[0078]

【The invention's effect】

According to the present invention, plant seedlings grow linearly and almost vertically, and the length and thickness of the hypocotyls of all plant seedlings are approximately equal, and a plant seedling suitable for hypocotyl grafting is grown. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing a use state of a seedling raising tray cap according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cut side view of a tray cap for raising seedlings according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a seedling raising tray cap according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Tray cap for raising seedlings 11 Cap 11a opening 2 Tray for raising seedlings 21 cells 3 Plant seedlings

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. When growing a plant seedling using a seedling-raising tray, a seedling-raising tray cap that forms a tubular body with an open top surface is grown by covering each cell of the seedling-raising tray. Method for raising plant seedlings. 2. The method for growing plant seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the start of the period for covering each cell of the tray for raising seedlings with the tray cap for raising seedlings is from immediately after sowing to immediately after germination. 3. The plant seedling according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the seedling-raising tray cap to cover each cell of the seedling-raising tray is formed of a translucent or light-impermeable film. Training method. 4. The seedling-raising tray cap to cover each cell of the seedling-raising tray is formed of a translucent or light-impermeable film, and the light transmittance of the film is 70% or less.
The method for growing the plant seedling according to claim 1. 5. A seedling raising tray cap, which is formed of a semi-transparent or light-impermeable film to form a tubular body having an open upper surface. 6. The tray cap for raising seedlings according to claim 5, wherein the light transmittance of the film is 70% or less. 7. The seedling raising tray cap according to claim 5, wherein the tubular body has a cylindrical shape, a rectangular tube shape, a truncated cone shape, or a truncated pyramid shape.