JPH07317873A - Hydraulic torque converter used in automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve durability and to ensure startability of an automobile by a method wherein a gear shift clutch is released from thrust generated by a pressure of oil at the interior and leakage of oil at the interior when an automobile is stopped is reduced. CONSTITUTION:A hydraulic torque converter used in an automobile is integrally coupled with an impeller 11 and a turbine 12 is arranged at the interior. The hydraulic torque converter is rotatably supported on the input shaft 61 side of a transmission 60 and arranged between a shroud 14 and the turbine 12 by effectively utilizing the shroud 14 securely coupled with the crank shaft 51 of an engine 50. The hydraulic torque converter comprises a lock up clutch 15 to connect and disconnect the turbine 12 to and from the impeller 11 through the shroud 14; and a gear shift clutch 16 disposed outside the shroud 14 and between the turbine 12 and the input shaft 61 and connecting and disconnecting the input shaft 61 to and from the turbine 12.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hydraulic vehicle for use in motor vehicles which comprises a lock-up clutch and a speed change clutch, and which enables the transmission to be disengaged from the engine and to which the transmission can be changed. For torque converters.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART Recently, such a hydraulic torque converter has just begun to be used in commercial vehicles. Then, in the torque converter, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 233264 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-98757, it is general to employ a structure in which the lockup clutch and the speed change clutch are built in a space defined by a turbine within a shroud. . In such a structure, the shifting clutch is subject to the thrust of the oil pressure in the torque converter and is pressed against the shroud, resulting in an excessive load on the thrust bearing and lack of durability. It is in. Also, when a car is parked for a long time, its torque
Since the oil in the converter leaks from the sealing portion around the speed change clutch, the engine cannot start immediately after the engine is started.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to improve the durability by releasing the speed change clutch from the thrust due to the pressure of the internal oil, and to reduce the leakage of the internal oil at the time of stoppage to make the vehicle startable It is to provide a hydraulic torque converter used in automobiles that secures

[0004]

[Means corresponding to the problem and its action]
Utilizing a shroud that is integrally coupled to the impeller to position the turbine inside, and is rotatably supported on the input shaft side of the transmission and fixedly coupled to the crankshaft of the engine, the shroud and A lock-up clutch disposed between the turbines and disengaging the turbine to the impeller through the shroud and a turbine outside the shroud disposed between the turbine and the input shaft to connect the input shaft. The turbine is provided with a speed change clutch that can be disengaged, and the speed change clutch is released from the thrust due to the pressure of the oil inside, and leakage of the oil inside is reduced.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EXAMPLES Specific specified examples of the hydraulic torque converter used in the automobile of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a hydraulic torque used in a vehicle of the present invention applied to a route bus equipped with a diesel engine 50.
The specific example 10 of a converter is shown. The hydraulic torque converter 10 includes a flywheel housing (not shown) bolted to the rear surface of a cylinder block (not shown) of the diesel engine 50, and a gear casing of the transmission 60. On the stator shaft 21, which is located in the space enclosed by the clutch housing that is bolted to the flywheel housing on the front face of 62, and is fitted to the root side of the input shaft 61 of the transmission 60. Impeller 11 supported by a bearing 19 interposed between the impeller 11 and the impeller 11
The one-way clutch 2 between the turbine 12 and the impeller 11 and the turbine 12 facing each other and supported on the tip side portion of the input shaft 61.
3, the stator 13 supported on the tip portion of the stator shaft 21 with the interposition of 3, and the turbine 12 arranged inside are integrally coupled to the impeller 11.
The shroud 14 supported on the boss 20 of the turbine 12 is disposed between the shroud 14 and the turbine 12 by utilizing the shroud 14, and the turbine 12 is connected to the impeller 11 via the shroud 14. A lock-up clutch 15 for disengagement with the turbine, and a shift clutch 16 disposed outside the shroud 14 between the turbine 12 and an input shaft 61 for disengaging the input shaft 61 with the turbine 12. That diesel
The shroud 14 is fixedly supported by the crank shaft 51 of the engine 50 to move the shroud 14 into the crank shaft 5.
Assembled with a flexible drive disc 17 that is integrally coupled to one, and allows the power transmitted from the diesel engine 50 to the transmission 60 to be interrupted as the route bus starts and shifts. By the way.

Of course, in the torque converter 10,
The bottom of the clutch housing 45 is utilized for an oil pan (not shown), and an oil pump (not shown) is bolted to the inner surface of the clutch housing 44 below the stator shaft 21. And a pump gear (not shown) is engaged with the drive gear 44 fixedly supported by the boss 18 of the impeller 11 so that the oil in the oil pan is converted into the converter circulation circuit and the lock-up clutch 15 And to the clutch control circuit (not shown) of the speed change clutch 16.

More specifically, the impeller 1
1, a boss 18 is rotatably supported by a bearing 19 on a stator shaft 21 of which the boss 18 is fitted to the input shaft 61, and a drive gear 44 is fixed to the boss 18. It is about to be supported by. Of course, the stator shaft 21 has the flange 22 attached to the clutch housing 45.
Bolted to the inner surface of the.

The turbine 12 has a shroud 14
Of the input shaft 61, and the boss 20 is fitted on the distal end portion of the input shaft 61.
It is supported on the shaft 61.

The shroud 14 is welded to the impeller 11 to form a shell and the turbine 12
Supported on the boss 20 of the boss 20 to expose the end surface of the boss 20 to the outside, and spaced apart to allow the variable speed clutch 16 to be located behind the flexible drive disk in a flexible drum spacer 25.・
It is fixedly connected to the drive disk 17.

The lock-up clutch 15 is utilized where the torque converter drive and the direct drive can be selected, and the lock-up clutch 15 is connected during the direct drive so as to have an efficiency equivalent to that of the mechanical drive. Structurally, the lock-up clutch 15 is configured as a clutch by utilizing the shroud 14, that is, the so-called shroud 14 is also used as a part of the clutch. That is, the lock-up clutch 15 has the turbine 12 and the shroud 14 in a space defined by the turbine 12 inside the shroud 14.
And the boss 20 of the turbine 12 located between
Screwed to the outer circumference of multiple friction rings.
A clutch disc 27 that splines the plates 28, 28 and a plurality of friction ring
A plurality of clutch ring plates 29,2 that are alternately superposed on the plates 28,28 and are splined to the clutch drum bore 26 of the shroud 14.
9, 29 and the ring cylinder of the shroud 14
Assembled with a clutch ring piston 31 that fits into the bore 30 and presses the clutch ring plates 29, 29, 29 against the friction ring plates 28, 28, and then into the ring cylinder bore 30. An oil passage 32 which is opened and drilled in the shroud 14 is connected to the clutch control circuit, the clutch ring piston 31 is operated by the hydraulic pressure supplied from the clutch control circuit, and Via its shroud 14, it allows the turbine 12 to be intermittently connected to the impeller 11.

Needless to say, the speed change clutch 16 is utilized at a position where the speed change clutch 16 is disengaged at the time of a speed change and is so-called cut off so that the transmission 60 can switch gears, and structurally, the speed change clutch 16 is used.
Are assembled in an external mold which is located in the space between the shroud 14 and the flexible drive disk 17. That is, the shift clutch 1
6 is fixedly screwed to the end face of the boss 20 of the turbine 12 exposed to the outside of the front end wall 24 forming the front face of the shroud 14, the shroud 14 and the flexible drive. Clutch drum 33 arranged between the disks 17
Inside the clutch drum 33, the hub 35 is spline-coupled to the tip portion of the input shaft 61 and supported on the input shaft 61, and a plurality of friction ring plates 3 are provided on the outer circumference.
Clutch disc 34 having splines 6 and 36, and its plurality of friction ring plates 3
6,36,36, and a plurality of clutch ring plates 37,37,37 which are alternately superposed on the clutch drum 33 and are splined to the clutch drum 33, and are fitted into the ring cylinder bores 38 of the clutch drum 33. A clutch ring piston 39 for pressing the clutch ring plates 37, 37, 37 against the friction ring plates 36, 36 and a clutch ring 33 arranged between the clutch drum 33 and the clutch ring piston 39. An oil passage 41 that is assembled with a return spring 40 that pushes back the clutch ring piston 39 and is open in the ring cylinder bore 38 and drilled into the clutch drum 33 is the clutch control. The circuit is contacted and its clutch controller Operatively its clutch ring piston 39 in the hydraulic pressure supplied from the circuit, and to allow intermittent the input shaft 61 to the turbine 12.

Flexible drive disk 1
7, hub 42 is bolted to the end face of its crankshaft 51, and allows the power of its diesel engine 50 to be transmitted to its impeller 11 via its drum spacer 25 and shroud 14. The hub 42 also rotatably supports the input shaft 61 by inserting a tip end of the input shaft 61 via a bearing 43.

Of course, the clutch control circuit supplies hydraulic pressure to the lockup clutch 15 according to the stop, start, speed change, speed, load, etc. of the route bus.
And the lock ring pistons 31 and 39 of the speed change clutch 16 are actuated and released to lock them.
The clutch 15 and the speed change clutch 16 are placed in the power cutoff and connected state. In the clutch control circuit, solenoid valves (not shown) for the lockup clutch 15 and the speed change clutch 16 are arranged, and the solenoid valve is an engine speed sensor,
Information is input from an engine load sensor, vehicle speed sensor, shift position sensor, etc., processed, and selectively operated by a computer that determines output,
The clutch control circuit causes the lockup clutch 15 and the speed change clutch 16 to perform the disconnection and connection operations.

Next, the operation of the above-mentioned hydraulic torque converter 10 will be described with reference to the starting, shifting, and shifting of the route bus.
Also, description will be made according to the traveling speed and the like. When the route bus starts, the shift lever is moved from the neutral position to the first gear position, so that the computer commands the clutch control circuit to disconnect and connect the clutch, and the transmission switches gears. Hydraulic pressure is applied to the clutch ring piston 39 by the clutch control circuit and the transmission clutch 16
Is connected and the route bus is smoothly and quickly launched and then driven. It is judged that the place where the route bus is rapidly started is due to the decrease in the amount of oil leaking from the converter circulation circuit, that is, the inside of the converter at the time of stop.

When the shift lever is switched between the first gear position and the fourth gear position while the route bus is running, the computer causes the clutch control circuit to disconnect and connect the clutch. As commanding commands the transmission to switch gears, hydraulic pressure is released and acted on the clutch ring piston 39 by the clutch control circuit, and the shift clutch 16 is disconnected and engaged to the transmission. Allows gear switching. Therefore, the route bus is low
It is driven in the medium speed range.

Further, when the shift lever is put into the fifth speed position, the computer commands the clutch control circuit to disconnect and connect the clutch, and commands the transmission to switch gears. Hydraulic pressure is released and applied to the clutch ring piston 39 by the clutch control circuit, and the shift clutch 16 is disengaged and engaged to allow the transmission 60 to shift gears. Then, at the same time when the gear switching of the transmission 60 is completed, the hydraulic pressure is also applied to the clutch ring piston 31 by the clutch control circuit, and the lockup clutch 15 is connected and the torque. Converter 10 is placed in a direct drive state. Then, the route bus runs at high speed.

In the hydraulic torque converter 10 described above, the speed change clutch 16 has been described as a dry hydraulic clutch, but the speed change clutch 16 includes a wet hydraulic clutch, an oil spray type hydraulic clutch, and a pneumatic type clutch. A clutch etc. can be used. Of course, in the hydraulic clutch, the clutch piston is hydraulically operated, and in the pneumatic clutch, the clutch piston is pneumatically operated.

As will be apparent from the specific embodiments of the invention described above with reference to the drawings, those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains are subject matter of the invention. Is the nature of the invention (na
It is easily embodied in other embodiments that are derived from the true) and substance and that are objectively recognized as having them internalized. Of course, the contents of the present invention are essential to the establishment of the invention in accordance with the problems of the invention.

[0019]

Benefits of the Invention As can be seen from the above, the hydraulic torque converter used in the motor vehicle of the present invention is integrally coupled to the impeller to position the turbine therein and the input of the transmission.
A shroud rotatably supported on the shaft side and fixedly coupled to the crankshaft of the engine is utilized to place the shroud and the turbine between the shroud, and
A lock-up clutch that allows the turbine to engage and disengage the impeller through the shroud, and a shift that is disposed between the turbine and the input shaft outside the shroud to allow the input shaft to engage and disengage the turbine. Since the hydraulic torque converter used in the vehicle of the present invention is provided with the clutch, the speed change clutch is released from the thrust due to the pressure of the internal oil to improve the durability,
Also, even if the vehicle is stopped for a long time, the oil leak inside is reduced and the vehicle is started smoothly and quickly. As a result, the starting ability of the vehicle is ensured, and as a result, it is very important for the vehicle. Useful and practical.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view showing a specific example of a hydraulic torque converter used in a vehicle of the present invention applied to a route bus equipped with a diesel engine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Impeller 12 Turbine 13 Stator 14 Shroud 15 Lockup Clutch 16 Speed Clutch 17 Flexible Drive Disc

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. Utilizing a shroud integrally connected to an impeller to arrange a turbine therein, and rotatably supported on an input shaft side of a transmission and fixedly connected to a crank shaft of an engine. Between the shroud and the turbine,
And a lockup clutch that allows the turbine to engage and disengage the impeller through the shroud, and is disposed between the turbine and the input shaft outside the shroud to enable the input shaft to engage and disengage from the turbine. Hydraulic torque converter used in automobiles equipped with a variable speed clutch. 2. The shift clutch is located between the turbine and the input shaft outside the front end wall of the shroud.
Hydraulic torque used in the car described in
converter. 3. The hydraulic torque converter for use in an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the speed change clutch is a hydraulic clutch. 4. The hydraulic torque converter for use in an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the speed change clutch is an oil spray type hydraulic clutch. 5. A hydraulic torque converter for use in an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the speed change clutch is a pneumatic clutch. 6. The shifting clutch fixedly couples a clutch drum to the turbine, and the clutch
A hydraulic torque converter for use in a motor vehicle as claimed in claim 1 wherein the disc is splined to its input shaft.