JPH07312982A - Supporter for grafting and grafting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a supporter for grafting suitable for automating and a grafting device capable of automatically fitting the supporter to an object. CONSTITUTION:This supporter 1 for grafting comprises a sleeve body 2, a pair of arms 3 and 4 extending therefrom, a projection part 5 formed on one of the arms and a depression part 7 formed on the other arm. The grafting device is equipped with root stock clamps 12 and 13 for nipping a root stock, scion clamps 15 and 16 for nipping a scion and a cutter 17 for cutting the root stock and the scion with the same stroke and designed so as to move the grafting supporter 1 to an object in which the root stock are jointed to the scion by using a supporter conveyor 27 and insert the projection part into the depression part by allowing a supporter holding head 26 to push the arms 3 and 4 from the outside.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a graft holder for holding a rootstock and a scion (for example, a seedling rootstock and a scion) in a combined state, and a graft holding tool using the same. The present invention relates to a grafting device that automatically grafts a rootstock and a scion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various sleeve-shaped graft holders for holding a rootstock and a scion with their cut surfaces aligned are known. And the work of fitting it into the graft is done manually.
Therefore, the graft holder itself does not have a structure suitable for mechanizing the fitting work.

[0003]

However, grafting by hand is inefficient, and mechanization of grafting is desired. An object of the present invention is a graft holder suitable for mechanization,
An object is to provide a grafting device that mechanizes grafting work.

[0004]

The graft holder and grafting device according to the present invention for achieving the above object are as follows. (1) A sleeve body that has an openable and closable portion having a substantially semicircular cross-sectional shape that forms a space for holding an object inside, and the sleeve body at both ends of the semicircular portion of the sleeve body. A pair of arms that are integrally connected to each other and extend in a direction away from the sleeve main body, and that are in a V shape in a free state and are substantially parallel to each other when a force is applied from the outside; A graft holding tool comprising a convex portion projecting toward the arm side and a concave portion formed on the other arm and receiving the convex portion when the pair of arms are substantially parallel to each other. (2) A pair of upper and lower rootstock clamps for gripping the rootstock, a pair of upper and lower rootstock clamps for gripping the rootstock, and a cutter for diagonally cutting the gripped rootstock and the rootstock with the same stroke, Move the lower clamp of the rootstock clamp and the upper clamp of the earstock clamp to the other position to align the rootstock and the earstock with the cutting surface, and open the graft holder. A holder support head for holding and holding the graft holder when it is pushed from the outside, and a holder for feeding the holder support head to the position of the rootstock and the scion aligned at the cut surface. A grafting device consisting of a moving device. (3) The grafting device according to (2), further including a grafting pusher for pushing the rootstock and the scion into the graft holder. (4) Rootstock clamp assembly in which a pair of upper and lower rootstock clamps for holding the rootstock are arranged in a line, and a rootstock clamp for moving the rootstock clamp assembly between the rootstock setting position and the rootstock cutting position. A spiker assembly in which a shifter and a pair of upper and lower spike clamps for gripping the spikes are arranged in a single row, and a spike clamp for moving the spike clamp assembly between the spike setting position and the spike cutting position Diagonally cut the shifter and multiple rootstocks lined up at the rootstock cutting position. Diagonally cut the rootstock cutter and multiple lined rootstocks that are stroked with the same stroke as the rootstock cutter and at the rootstock cutting position. A cutter device having a scion cutter, and a rootstock upper clamp moving device for moving a plurality of upper clamps of the rootstock clamp assembly upward after the rootstock is cut. A hob clamp moving device that horizontally moves a plurality of upper clamps of the scion clamp assembly above the plurality of lower clamps of the rootstock clamp assembly and aligns the plurality of rootstocks with the plurality of scions at a cutting surface. ,
A holder support head for holding the graft holder in a plurality of open states and pressing the plurality of graft holders from the outside to close the graft holder, and the holder support heads are aligned at a cut surface. A plurality of rootstocks and a holder moving device that sends the roots to the position of the scion, and a plurality of rootstocks that can be moved back and forth with respect to the holder support head at a position facing the holder support head and are aligned by a cutting surface. And a scrubbing device that pushes the scions into the respective grafting holders.

[0005]

In the device of the above (1), when the pair of arms are opened in a V shape, the grafting holder is targeted such that the joint portion of the rootstock and the scion enters the object holding space. After moving relative to the object and entering, the pair of arms is pushed from the outside to close the pair of arms, and the convex portion is fitted into the concave portion to maintain the closed state. This work is suitable for mechanization of the grafting work, since there is no work to open the sleeve, only moving and pushing from the outside. In the devices of (2) and (3) above, the rootstock and the scion are clamped, the cutter is moved in the direction in which the rootstock and the scion are arranged, and the rootstock and the scion are cut diagonally with the same stroke. ,
Move the bottom side of the rootstock to the top side of the scion and align the cut surfaces. In this state, move the graft holding device into the object holding space by opening it in the V-shape and move the graft into the object holding space, and move the graft pusher forward to move the graft to the deepest position of the graft holding tool. After pushing it in, retract the graft pusher. Then, the graft holder is pushed from the outside and closed. As a result, the grafting work is mechanized. The device of the above (4) is a device capable of efficiently grafting a plurality of rootstocks and scions. Since the rootstock clamp assembly and the spikelet clamp assembly can be shifted between their respective set positions and cutting positions, a plurality of rootstocks and spikelets are clamped at the set position. The clamped rootstocks and spikes are shifted to their respective cutting positions. The cutter cuts multiple rootstocks and spikes in one stroke. After the upper side of the rootstock is lifted together with the clamps on the rootstock to be removed and the lower side of the spikelets is removed, the upper side of the rootstock is horizontally moved onto the lower side of the plurality of rootstocks to lower the plurality of rootstocks and the plurality of spikelets The tops of the trees are each joined at the cut surface. After that, the plurality of graft holders are advanced by the holder moving device with respect to the grafts (the lower side of the rootstock and the upper side of the scion), and each of the plurality of grafts is inserted into each of the graft holders in the open state. Put in. The graft pusher operates and pushes each graft into the innermost position of the graft holder, then retracts. The retainer support head then pushes each graft retainer from the outside to close it and then retracts. Next, the graft extraction bucket lifter rises, the lower clamp of the rootstock assembly and the upper clamp of the scion assembly are opened, the rootstock assembly clamp and the scion assembly clamp are retracted by the shifter, and then the graft extraction bucket lifter is used. The assembly is ejected. After that, the above is repeated. In this device, a plurality of rootstocks and scions are grafted by one operation, which is efficient.

[0006]

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
1 and 2 show two examples of the graft holder of the present invention. In the figure, the graft holder 1 has a sleeve body 2, a pair of arms 3, 4, and a convex portion 5 and a concave portion 6. The graft holder 1 is made of a single piece and is made of an elastically deformable material, such as silicone resin, urethane rubber, or other resin, and is preferably made of a transparent material. The sleeve body 2 has a substantially circular or acorn-shaped space 7 for holding an object, which can be opened and closed, and has a portion having a substantially semicircular cross section. Sleeve body 2
Is also a connecting portion of the pair of arms 3 and 4.

The pair of arms 3 and 4 are integrally connected to the sleeve body 2 at both ends of the semicircular portion of the sleeve body 2 and extend substantially straight in the direction away from the sleeve body 2. In the free state of the graft holder 1, the pair of arms 3 and 4 open in a V shape, but when a force is applied from the outside, the pair of arms 3 and 4 become substantially parallel to each other, and The object holding space 7 is closed. On the opposing surfaces of the pair of arms 3 and 4, one arm 3 and the other arm 4 are provided.
A convex portion 5 that projects toward the front side is formed, and a concave portion 6 is formed on the other arm 4 at a position corresponding to the convex portion 5. The convex portion 5 has a shape with a thick tip and a narrowed bottom, and the concave portion has a male and female shape relationship with the convex portion 5. Therefore, when the convex portion 5 enters the concave portion 6 and engages with the concave portion 6, it cannot be disengaged only by the elastic restoring force that tends to form the V shape of the holder.
However, when the seedling grows up and becomes thicker, and the force of the seedling expands from the inside, the convex part 5 comes out of the concave part 6, and once it comes off, the holding tool is elastically deformed so that the pair of arms 3 and 4 becomes a square shape. Becomes
It falls off the seedling and falls naturally.

In order to support the graft holder 1 on the grafting device, the graft holder 1 is provided with a support means. In the example of FIG. 1, this support means is a pair of arms 3,
A notch 8 formed in a semicircular shape on the outer surface of the sleeve 4 closer to the sleeve body 2 than the concave and convex portions 5 and 6, and the sleeve body 2
And an arcuate notch 9 formed on the outer surface of the central portion of the.
The graft holder 1 is supported at two locations of the notch 8 and one location of the notch 9 in total of three locations. From the outer surface, a pair of arms 3,
When 4 is pushed, it is pushed at the position of the notch 8 and the convex portion 5 enters the concave portion 6 with a slight inclination, so that the convex portion 5 is pushed into the concave portion 6.
Can be inserted into. Even if the convex portion 5 is inserted into the concave portion 6 without being slanted, the outlet portion of the concave portion 6 may be caught and may not come in well, but in the present invention, the notch 8, that is, the pushing position is displaced from the concave and convex portion. Therefore, the fitting becomes smooth.
In the example of FIG. 2, the supporting means is composed of concave cutouts 10 formed on the tip surfaces of the pair of arms 3 and 4, and the cutouts 10 may apply an opening / closing force to the pair of arms 3 and 4. The graft holder 1 by changing the size of the supporting means
You can also adjust the opening and closing resilience of the. Further, if the graft holder 1 is made of a transparent material, the mating surface of the graft can be seen through from the outside, and it can be confirmed that the rootstock and the scion are joined.

3, 4, and 5 show the grafting device of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows the principle. The rootstock 11 is grasped by a pair of upper and lower rootstock clamps 12 and 13, and the scion 14 is
It is gripped by a pair of top and bottom scion clamps 15, 16. In this state, the cutter 17 makes a stroke, and the rootstock 11 and the scion 14 are obliquely cut with the same stroke. Then, the upper clamp 12 of the base 11 is opened, and the upper portion of the base 11 is sucked and discarded by the transvector. Further, the lower clamp 16 of the spike 14 is opened, and the lower portion of the spike 14 is dropped and discarded. Then, the lower part of the rootstock 11 is horizontally moved together with the lower clamp 13 of the rootstock clamp just below the upper part of the remaining spikes 14. Rootstock 11
And the scion 14 are cut with the same stroke of the cutter 17, so simply moving the rootstock 11 below the scion
The rootstock 11 and the scion 14 are joined at the cut surface. In this state, the graft holding tool 1 moves toward the target object (the rootstock 11 and the scion 14 are aligned at the cut surface), and puts the target object in the target object holding space 7. Then, the blade moving device is shifted by the air cylinder 45 in a direction perpendicular to the blade moving direction so that the graft graft pusher 46 comes to a position opposite to the graft holder 1, and the graft pusher cylinder 47 operates to graft the graft holder 1. Push it to the innermost position and move backward. Then, the pair of arms 3, 4 of the graft holding tool is pushed from the outside, and the convex portion 5 is engaged with the concave portion 6. As a result, the graft holder 1 is attached to the object.

4 and 5 show an apparatus for implementing the above. The pair of upper and lower rootstock clamps 12 and 13 and the pair of upper and lower scion clamps 15 and 16 are arranged in the stroke direction of the cutter 17. These clamps have a pair of elastic claws 18 and 19 that open and close, and are opened and closed by a drive means such as the cylinder 20 or a motor or an electromagnetic switch. The cutter 17 is reciprocated by the cylinder 21. The graft pusher 46 is a graft pusher cylinder 47.
The stroke is made parallel to the stroke direction of the cutter 17. The movement of the cutter 17 and the graft pusher 46 in the direction perpendicular to the stroke is performed by the air cylinder 45. In addition, the base 22 supporting the lower clamp 13 of the rootstock clamp and the lower clamp 16 of the earstock clamp is reciprocated by the cylinder 23 in a direction parallel to the stroke direction of the cutter 17, whereby the clamp 13 is clamped. It is horizontally moved to a position directly below 15. The graft holder 1 is supported by a holder support head 26 having a pair of claws 24 and 25 to be expanded and contracted, for example, using notches 8 and 9. Claws 24, 2 of the holder support head 26
When 5 is closed, the claws 24 and 25 push the pair of arms 3 and 4 of the graft holding tool 1 from the outside so that the convex portion 5 is inserted into the concave portion 6. The holder supporting head 26 is moved to the position of the object by the holder moving device 27 including a cylinder. The grafting pusher 46 is shifted by the air cylinder 45 to a position facing the graft holder 1 and then moved forward by the graft pusher cylinder 47 to push the graft into the innermost position of the graft holder 1 and retreat. The graft holder 1 is pressed by the claws 24 and 25 to close it.
When the attachment of the graft holder 1 to the object is completed, the nail 2
4, 25 are opened, and the cylinder 27 returns the head 26 to the original position. The cutter 17 is returned to its original position by the cylinder 21, and the clamps 13 and 16 and the table 22 are returned to their original position by the cylinder 23.

The operation of the above-mentioned device is the same as that of the principle of the device described with reference to FIG. Therefore, as long as the supply of the rootstock 11 to the rootstock clamps 12 and 13 and the supply of the earstock 14 to the earstock clamps 15 and 16 are manually performed, the rootstocks and the earstock will be Cutting, matching, attachment of the graft holder 1, and returning the original position of the device can all be automatically performed by a machine.

6 to 12 show another grafting device of the present invention. The grafting device of FIGS. 6 to 12 grafts one rootstock and one scion per grafting operation, whereas the grafting device of FIGS. 3 to 5 grafts once. A plurality of rootstocks and a plurality of sciones are grafted at the same time for each operation, aiming at improving efficiency. However, since the individual parts shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 can be used, corresponding parts are designated by the same member numbers as those in FIGS. 3 to 5.

6 to 12, particularly FIGS. 6 and 7
As shown in FIG. 5, a pair of upper and lower rootstock clamps 12 and 13 for holding the rootstock 11 are arranged in a plurality (see FIG. 8) to form a rootstock clamp assembly 28. A rootstock clamp shifter 29 for moving (rotating in the illustrated example) the rootstock clamp assembly 28 between the rootstock setting position 30 and the rootstock cutting position 31 is provided. An air cylinder 48 or a motor can be used to move the stock clamp clamp shifter 29. Similarly, a pair of upper and lower scion clamps 15 and 16 for gripping the scion 14 are arranged in a line to form a scion clamp assembly 32. The lineup of the rootstock 11 and the lineup of the scion 14 are parallel in the horizontal plane. A scion clamp shifter 33 for moving the scion clamp assembly 32 between the scion setting position 34 and the scion cutting position 35 (rotation in the illustrated example, but rotation in a direction opposite to that of the root clamp assembly 28) is provided. It is provided. An air cylinder 48 or a motor can be used to move the scion shifter 33.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a cutter device 38 is provided between the rootstocks 11 and the spikes 14.
The cutter device 38 is reciprocated by a cylinder (air cylinder) 39 in a direction parallel to the direction in which the rootstock 11 and the scion 14 are arranged. The cutter device 38 has a rootstock cutting position 31.
Of the plurality of lined rootstocks 11 that are lined up in line with each other, and a plurality of lined rootstocks 1 that are stroked with the same stroke as the rootstock cutter 36 and are in the liner cutting position 35
And a scoop cutter 37 that cuts 4 obliquely. The slopes of the rootstock cutter 36 and the scion cutter 37 are the same. After cutting the rootstock and the earstock, the plurality of rootstock upper clamps 12 are lifted by the air cylinder 49. The air cylinder 49 is supported by the root clamp clamp shifter 29, and rotates together with the root clamp clamp shifter 29.

Above the plurality of lower clamps 13 of the rootstock clamp assembly 28, the scion clamp assembly 32 is provided on the upper side.
A clamp moving device 40 for horizontally moving the plurality of upper clamps 15 is provided. FIG. 10 shows a case where the scion clamp assembly 32 is composed of a cylinder that horizontally advances and retracts above the rootstock clamp assembly 28. As a result, the lower sides of the plurality of rootstocks 11 and the upper sides of the plurality of spikes 14 are aligned with each other at the cut surfaces.

In FIG. 11, the holder support head 41
Is a device for holding a plurality of graft holders 1 in an open state and pushing them from the outside to close the graft holder 1.
This is equivalent to having a plurality of holder support heads 26.
The holder moving device 42 is a device that advances the holder support head 41 to a grafting position in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the plurality of rootstocks 11 and the spikes 14 are arranged, and retracts after the grafting ends,
This corresponds to the holder moving device 27 of FIG. Figure 1
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 12, the grafting device further includes a grafting pusher 43. The graft graft pusher 43 is capable of advancing and retracting with respect to the holder support head 41 at a position facing the holder support head 41 in the horizontal direction, and holds the graft for graft graft when it is advanced with respect to the holder support head 41. Ingredient 1
It is a device to push it inside. The graft pusher 43 is moved up and down by a lift cylinder 44.

The operation of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 6 to 12 will be described. When the rootstock clamp assembly 28 and the earstock clamp assembly 32 are in the set position, the plurality of rootstocks 11 and the plurality of earstocks 14 are moved to the rootstock clamp 1 as shown in FIG.
2 and 13 and scion clamps 15 and 16 respectively. Then, the rootstock clamp shifter 29 and the earstock clamp shifter 33 are operated to remove the rootstock 11 and the earstock 14,
As shown in FIG. 6, the cutting positions are shifted. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the cutter position 38 is moved forward and the rootstock 11 is cut by the rootstock cutter 36, and the spikelet 14 is cut by the spiker cutter 37 in one stroke.
Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the upper side of the cut stock is lifted up to remove the upper clamp 12. Similarly, the lower side of the cut cutting 14 is removed by opening the lower clamp 16. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the clamp moving device 40 is operated to horizontally move the upper side of the scion 14 onto the lower side of the rootstock 11 so that the cutting plane is aligned.

Then, the holder moving device 42 is operated to advance the holder supporting head 41 to the grafting position. Then, the lift cylinder 44 is operated to operate the graft pusher 43.
Is raised to a position facing the holder support head 41. The graft graft pusher 43 is operated to push the graft into the graft holder 1. After retracting the grafting pusher 43, the holder supporting head 41 pushes the graft holder 1 from the outside to close the graft holder 1 and mount the graft holder 1 on the graft joint. After the mounting is completed, the claws of the graft holding head 42 are opened and retracted. Then, the graft extraction bucket lifter 50 is raised by the cylinder 51. The undercarriage lower clamp 13 and the spike upper clamp 15 are opened.
The rootstock assembly shifter 29 and the scion assembly shifter 33 are retracted to the set position. Then, the graft extraction bucket lifter 50 discharges the graft. After that, the above is repeated.

[0019]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a graft holder suitable for mechanization. According to the second aspect, the attachment of the graft holder to the object can be mechanized. According to the third aspect, the graft graft can push the graft into the innermost position of the graft holder, and the graft holder can be mechanically attached to the object. According to the fourth aspect, the attachment of the plurality of graft holders to the plurality of objects can be mechanized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of a graft holder according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of another embodiment of the graft holding device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the principle of the grafting device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the grafting device of the present invention.

5 is a plan view of the device of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a partial front view of another grafting device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing shifting of grafts and scions in the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the device of FIG. 6 when the graft is in the cutting position.

9 is a front view showing the raising of the on-stock clamp in the apparatus of FIG. 6. FIG.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing a state in which the upper side of the scion is moved to the lower side of the rootstock by the device of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing a state where the grafting pusher pushes the grafting in the apparatus of FIG. 6;

FIG. 12 is a plan view of FIG. 11.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Graft retainer 2 Sleeve body 3 Arm 4 Arm 5 Convex portion 6 Recessed portion 11 Rootstock 12 Rootstock clamp 13 Rootstock clamp 14 Houki 15 Houki clamp 16 Houki clamp 17 Cutter 26 Holder support head 27 Holder movement Equipment 28 Rootstock Clamp Assembly 29 Rootstock Clamp Shifter 32 Hobiki Clamp Assembly 33 Hobiki Clamp Shifter 36 Rootstock Cutter 37 Hobiki Cutter 38 Cutter Device 40 Clamp Moving Device 41 Holder Support Head 42 Holder Moving Device 43 Graft Pusher

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A sleeve body having an openable and closable portion having a substantially semicircular cross-sectional shape, which forms a space for holding an object inside, and the sleeve body at both ends of the semicircular portion. A pair of arms that are integrally connected to the sleeve main body, extend in a direction away from the sleeve main body, have a V shape in a free state, and are substantially parallel to each other when a force is applied from the outside, and are formed on one of the pair of arms. A holder for graft graft, comprising a convex portion protruding toward the other arm side and a concave portion formed on the other arm and receiving the convex portion when the pair of arms are substantially parallel to each other. 2. A pair of upper and lower rootstock clamps for gripping the rootstock, a pair of upper and lower rootstock clamps for gripping the rootstock, and a cutter for diagonally cutting the gripped rootstock and the rootstock with the same stroke. And a clamp moving device that moves one of the lower clamp of the rootstock clamp and the upper clamp of the earstock clamp to the other position to align the rootstock and the earstock with the cut surface, and the graft holder is in the open state. And a holder supporting head for closing the graft holder when the graft holder is pushed from the outside, and the holder supporting head is fed to the position of the rootstock and the scoop aligned at the cut surface. A grafting device including a holder moving device. 3. The grafting device according to claim 2, further comprising a grafting pusher for pushing the rootstock and the scion into the graft holder. 4. A root clamp assembly in which a plurality of upper and lower root clamps for holding the root are arranged in a line, and a root for moving the root clamp assembly between a root set position and a root cutting position. A tree clamp shifter, a scion clamp assembly in which a pair of upper and lower scion clamps for gripping the scion are arranged in a line, and a scion that moves the scion clamp assembly between the scion setting position and the scion cutting position. The tree clamp shifter and the rootstock cutter that diagonally cuts the multiple rootstocks that are in the rootstock cutting position, and the multiple rootstocks that are stroked with the same stroke as the rootstock cutter and that are in the rootstock cutting position are diagonally cut. A cutter device having a scion cutter for cutting and a plurality of upper clamps of the root clamp assembly that move upward after the root is cut. Moving device and a plurality of upper clamps of the scion clamp assembly are horizontally moved above the plurality of lower clamps of the root clamp assembly to align a plurality of rootstocks with a plurality of scions at a cutting surface. A moving device, a holder support head that holds a plurality of graft holders in an open state and presses the plurality of graft holders from the outside to close the graft holders, and a cut surface of the holder support heads. The holder moving device that feeds to the positions of the rootstock and the scion that are aligned with each other, and the holder supporting head can be moved forward and backward at a position facing the holder supporting head, and is aligned with the cutting surface. A grafting device comprising a grafting pusher for pushing a plurality of rootstocks and stalks into the respective graft holders.