JPH073127B2 - Building damping device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention is applicable to, for example, a skyscraper or a super-high-rise building, or a building which is not as tall as an eaves but has an elongated shape due to site restrictions, such as an observation tower or an airport control tower. It is installed inside a swaying building with a long period, such as a large tower-like structure or a building with seismic isolation devices installed, and a different vibration system that resonates with the shaking of the building is configured to absorb the vibration energy of the building. In addition, it consists of a mass block with a desired weight, laminated rubber legs that support horizontal vibration freely, and a damping device. The present invention relates to a building vibration damping device that exhibits a vibration damping effect in a multi-degree-of-freedom system with respect to a cycle.

2. Description of the Related Art The vibration damping device shown in FIG. 5 was implemented on the Chiba Port Tower, and the Y direction rails 32, 32 were mounted on the foundation frame 31.
And a Y-direction mass block 33 is installed on the Y-direction rack 35 so that the Y-direction mass block 33 can be reciprocally moved, and a rotary damping device 34 (viscous damper) on the base frame 31 is mounted on a Y-direction rack 35 formed on one side edge thereof.
The pinion 34 'is meshed. In addition, the X-direction rails 36, 36 provided on the Y-direction mass block 33 are connected to the X-direction rails 36, 36.
The directional mass block 37 is installed so as to be reciprocally movable, and the pinion 39 'of the rotary damping device 39 provided on the Y direction mass block 33 is meshed with the X direction rack 38 formed at one side edge thereof. There is.

The damping device shown in Fig. 6 was announced in November 1985 by the Architectural Institute of Japan as being implemented on a 120 m tower-supported chimney. A mass block 42 is attached to the upper end of the supported rod 41. Then, an oil damper 43 and a spring 44 are attached to the middle portion of the rod 41 in two horizontal right angles (X and Y directions).
The other end of each is attached to a reaction force post 45 fixed on the floor of the structure.

Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention (I) The vibration damping device is another vibration system that resonates with the shaking of the building, and the more the vibration damping device vibrates, the more the vibration energy of the building is absorbed and the vibration damping effect is exerted. . However, because the conventional vibration damping device described above is a large-scale mechanical mechanism,
Even if the structure shakes considerably due to wind or earthquake, the reaction is slow, it does not vibrate smoothly, and the damping effect is not ridiculous. However, it is an expensive device in terms of cost.

Further, since the horizontal two-degree-of-freedom system has one degree of freedom in each of the X and Y directions, only one type of periodic characteristic can be set in each direction. However, the vibration damping effect is large when the primary and secondary vibration energies that are generally large as the vibration force of the building are absorbed. As described above, in the configuration of the 1-degree-of-freedom system for each of X and Y, the primary period is aside. There is a problem that the damping effect is low, which is inevitable in the structure that absorbs the vibration energy of the secondary cycle.

In addition, fine adjustment of the cycle by springs is a difficult structure on site. However, although the natural vibration period of a building or the like can be calculated with a certain degree of accuracy at the design stage, the actual value is unclear because it cannot be known until the building is completed. However, there has been a problem that it cannot deal with this in the past.

(II) Next, although the vibration damping device described above has a relatively simple structure and is inexpensive, it also has a total of two degrees of freedom with one degree of freedom in each of the horizontal X and Y directions. It has the same problem as the vibration damping device.

Moreover, in the case of this vibration damping device, the vibration amplitude (displacement amount) of the mass block 42 is not so large,
There is also a problem that the amount of vibration energy that can be absorbed is small and it is difficult to apply it to large structures.

Means for Solving Problems (First Invention) As a means for solving the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, the vibration damping device for a building according to the present invention is suitable for FIGS. 1 to 4 of the drawings. As shown in the embodiment, in a vibration damping device that is installed in a building and constitutes another vibration system that resonates with the vibration of the building to absorb the vibration energy of the building, a mass block 1 of a desired weight is placed on a floor 1 of the building. Horizontal vibration was freely set by laminated rubber legs 2, and a damping device 3 was installed between the mass block 1 and the floor 10 of the building. Then, a reaction force post 8 is attached to the floor 10 of the building outside the mass block 1, and a spring 7 for fine adjustment of the period is installed between the reaction force post 8 and the mass block 1. .

Action The mass block 1 supported by the laminated rubber legs 2 having a structure that exhibits a predetermined rigidity and a linear and supple deformation performance promptly reacts to a slight shaking of the building and vibrates violently. Therefore, the sensitivity to the shaking of the building is good, and the effect of absorbing the vibration energy, that is, the damping effect is excellent.

In addition, the basic resonance cycle characteristic can be set by the characteristics (rigidity and deformation performance) of the laminated rubber leg 2, and the strength of the fine adjustment spring 7 can be set to adjust the cycle characteristic in a wide range on site. That is, the exchange of the finely exposed spring 7 that is completely exposed can be performed extremely easily, the workability is good, and the vibration damping effect can be sufficiently enhanced.

The horizontal kinetic energy due to the vibration of the mass block 1 is consumed and reduced by the damping device 3 using the viscous fluid that utilizes the relative displacement generated by the horizontal motion.

(Second invention) As a means for solving the above problems, the building vibration damping device according to the present invention is as described above, as shown in a preferred embodiment in FIGS. 1 to 4. The multi-layer structure is formed on the basis of the whole of the structure of the first invention. That is, in a vibration damping device that is installed in a building to form another vibration system that resonates with the vibration of the building and absorbs the vibration energy of the building, a mass block 1 having a desired weight is laminated on a floor 1 of the building, and a laminated rubber leg 2 ... Horizontal vibration can be freely set by the above, and the mass block 1 is further laminated on the mass block 1, and the laminated rubber legs 2 ...
Then, horizontal vibration is freely set, and the required number of mass blocks 1 are stacked in the same manner to form a multilayer structure.

And between the lowest mass block 1 and the building floor 10,
And the damping device 3 was installed between the mass blocks 1 and 1 of each layer. The floor of the building outside each mass block 1
A reaction force post 8 is mounted on the above 10, and a spring 7 for fine adjustment of the period is installed between the reaction force post 8 and each mass block 1.

The laminated rubber leg 2 has an alternate structure in which a rubber sheet and an iron plate are alternately arranged and bonded.

Also, as the damping device 3, one of the horizontal motion plates facing each other with a constant parallel gap is attached to the floor 10 of the building, and the other is attached to the mass block 1, and the horizontal motion plates 3b, 5 are viscous in the gap. The structure filled with the fluid 6 is implemented.

Furthermore, the topmost mass block 1'is the ceiling beam 11 of the building.
It is also implemented in a configuration having the damping device 3 between the and.

Action The second invention also exhibits the same action as the above-described first invention, and in particular, since it has a multilayer structure, the laminated rubber legs 2 ...
Due to the structure, it is difficult to make one with a long period, but it is improved by increasing the number of layers, and the constraint on the period is solved.

Further, if the mass block 1 has two layers, it means that a vibration system having two degrees of freedom in each of horizontal X and Y directions and a total of four degrees of freedom (depending on the number of layers) is constructed. This 4
By matching the vibration period characteristic of the degree of freedom with the primary and secondary periods in the X and Y directions of the building, the primary and secondary vibration amplitudes, which are generally large as the vibration force of the building, can be significantly reduced, and the The effect is great.

Example Next, an example shown in the drawings will be described.

The damping device shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is a so-called passive damper type, and in principle, the vibration energy of the building is absorbed as much as it vibrates violently, and the damping effect is obtained. As described above, it is installed on the uppermost floor of the building A having the largest swing width and is used as a component of another vibration system that resonates with the swing of the building A.

That is, the laminated rubber feet 2 having a cylindrical shape are provided at four places on the floor 10 of the building.
... are fixed and stood up, and the mass block 1 having a desired weight is horizontally supported by them so that horizontal vibration can freely occur.

The mass block 1 has a mass of several percent or less of the effective mass related to the predominant vibration cycle of the building A, and the material thereof is, for example, a concrete or steel container filled with heavy objects. The mass block 1 in the illustrated example has a square plane, and its four corners are supported by one laminated rubber leg 2 ... (FIG. 2).

The laminated rubber leg 2 includes an upper support plate 2a and a lower support plate 2b, and a plurality of rubber elastic plates and metal plates alternately stacked between them in the vertical direction and bonded (usually vulcanized and bonded) to be integrated. It is composed of. The upper support plate 2a is fixed to the lower surface of the mass block 1 by bolts or other means, and the lower support plate 2b is also fixed to the floor 10 of the building A by bolts or other means. Since the rubber elastic plate and the metal plate are alternately laminated, the mass block 1 is safely supported, and predetermined rigidity and deformation performance are exhibited in the horizontal direction.
Therefore, depending on the design, it is possible to easily obtain a characteristic that matches the basic vibration period characteristic of the building.

Although the horizontal cross section of the laminated rubber leg 2 in the illustrated example is circular, the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be rectangular or polygonal.

Reference numeral 3 in the figure is a damping device using a viscous fluid installed between the mass block 1 and the floor A of the building. Mass block 1
A support rod 3a is fixed vertically downward to the lower surface of the disk, and a disk-shaped movable resistance plate 5, which is one of the horizontal motion plates, is horizontally attached to the lower end thereof. On the other hand, on the floor 10 of the building A, a shallow container 3b is fixed in a concentric arrangement with the movable resistance plate 5, and silicone oil or a polymer viscosity such as polyisobutylene, polypropylene or polybutene is placed in the container 3b. body,
Alternatively, a viscous fluid 6 such as asphalt is contained.
A space parallel to the movable resistance plate 5 and the bottom of the container 3b facing the movable resistance plate 5 is secured in parallel with the horizontal direction by several mm, and the space is filled with the viscous fluid 6. That is, the bottom of the container 3b serves as another horizontal motion plate. When the mass block 1 horizontally oscillates, the movable resistance plate 5 moves horizontally accordingly, and a relative displacement is generated between the mass block 1 and the bottom of the container 3b. Is absorbed and attenuated.

It should be noted that a sliding member that abuts and slides on the bottom of the container 3b is attached to the lower surface of the movable resistance plate 5 to keep the size of the gap constant, and a slide portion that absorbs the sinking deformation of the laminated rubber leg 2 is provided. By providing the support rod 3a, the viscous fluid 6
It is more convenient if the viscous shearing resistance of is always kept constant.

Next, the reaction force post 8 is fixedly erected on the floor 10 of the building A at four positions outside the mass block 1 at right angles, and the reaction force post 8 and the spring bearing of the mass block 1 are erected. A coil spring 7 for finely adjusting the vibration cycle is attached between the angle 9 and the angle 9. If the spring constant of the coil spring 7 is large, the vibration cycle of the mass block 1 becomes short, and conversely, if it is small, it becomes long. That is, the vibration cycle can be finely adjusted by selecting and replacing the spring constant of the coil spring 7. Alternatively, the difference between the vibration cycles in the horizontal X and Y2 directions can be easily finely adjusted.

By the way, in the case of the vibration damping device shown in FIG. 1, a laminated rubber leg 2 is attached also on the mass block 1 so that the second mass block 1 ′ is horizontally supported so that it can freely vibrate horizontally. It has a laminated structure. Then, a damping device 3 is installed between the mass blocks 1 and 1'of the first stage and the second stage, and a period adjustment is provided between the reaction force post 8 and the spring bearing angle 9 of the mass block 1 '. A coil spring 7 is attached. In other words, it has a layered structure by stacking by repeating the same structure. Therefore, if necessary, the building A can be constructed in a multi-layer structure as long as the floor height of the building A permits.

Thus, in the case of the two-layered laminated structure as described above, the vibration system has two degrees of freedom in each of the horizontal X and Y directions, and has a total of four degrees of freedom. Therefore, the weight of the mass blocks 1 and 1 ', and the rigidity and deformation performance of the laminated rubber leg 2,
In addition, by appropriately designing the combination of the three characteristics of the strength of the coil spring 7, the vibration period characteristics of the four degrees of freedom are obtained in the building A.
It is possible to substantially match the primary cycle and the secondary cycle in each of the horizontal X and Y directions. By doing so, the primary and secondary vibration amplitudes, which are generally large as the vibration force of the building A, can be considerably reduced, and the vibration damping effect is excellent. However, the specific vibration amplitude reduction amount is determined by the capacity of the damping device 3.

Second Embodiment The vibration damping device shown in FIG. 4 is characterized in that the damping device 3 is installed between the upper mass block 1'and the upper beam 11. As the number of the damping devices 3 increases, the ability to reduce the vibration amplitude increases.

Reference numeral 4 in the drawing is a height adjusting member for easily connecting the beam 11 on the upper floor and the damping device 3.

Advantageous Effects of the Present Invention As described in detail above together with the embodiments, the damping device for a building according to the present invention has a linear configuration as a whole and is smooth in movement. It reacts sensitively and operates, and has excellent vibration damping effect.

Moreover, since the structure is simple, construction and maintenance are easy, and the cost is low.

Next, in the case of the vibration damping device of the present invention, fine adjustment of the vibration cycle can be easily performed by adjusting the strength of the coil spring 7 and site alignment can be facilitated. It is easy to ensure the matching characteristics, and it is possible to exert an excellent damping effect on the natural period.

Moreover, since the vibration damping device having a multi-layered structure constitutes a vibration system having multiple degrees of freedom in proportion to the number of layers, a plurality of dominant natural vibration periods of the building A are aimed and a vibration damping effect is obtained. It is possible to raise.

In addition, since the vibration control device having a heavy structure can compensate for the disadvantage of the small laminated rubber leg 2 to have a large deformation amount, and can be applied to a large structure having a long cycle, Flexible.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 and 2 are a front view showing a first embodiment of a vibration damping device of the present invention and a sectional view taken along the line II-II, and FIG. 3 is an elevation view when applied to a building, and FIG. Is a front view of the second embodiment, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are perspective views showing a conventional vibration damping device.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A vibration control device installed in a building to constitute another vibration system that resonates with the vibration of the building to absorb the vibration energy of the building, wherein a mass block (1) having a desired weight is provided on a floor (10) of the building. ) Is installed freely by a laminated rubber leg (2) ..., and a damping device (3) is installed between the mass block (1) and the building floor (10). ), The reaction force post (8) is mounted on the floor (10) of the building, and the spring (7) for finely adjusting the cycle is provided between the reaction force post (8) and the mass block (1). ) Is installed in the building vibration control device. 2. A vibration damping device which is installed in a building and constitutes another vibration system which resonates with the vibration of the building to absorb the vibration energy of the building, wherein a mass block (1) of a desired weight is placed on the floor (10) of the building. Horizontal vibration is freely set by the laminated rubber legs (2) ..., and the mass block (1) is freely set by horizontal vibration by the laminated rubber legs (2). Similarly, the required number of mass blocks (1) are stacked to form a multi-layer structure, and the lowest mass block (1) and the building floor (1
A damping device (3) is installed between each mass block (1) and (0) and between each layer of mass blocks (1) and (1), and is located outside of each mass block (1) and on the floor (10) of the building. A reaction force post (8) is attached to the, and a spring (7) for finely adjusting the cycle is installed between the reaction force post (8) and each mass block (1). Shaking device. 3. A vibration damping device for a building, wherein the laminated rubber leg (2) according to claim 2 has an alternate layer structure in which rubber sheets and iron plates are alternately arranged and laminated. 4. A damping device (3) according to claim 2, wherein one of the horizontal motion plates (3b) facing each other with a constant parallel gap is provided on the floor (10) of the building, and the other. (5) is a building vibration damping device, characterized in that it is attached to a mass block (1) and a viscous fluid (6) is filled in a gap between the horizontal motion plates (3b) and (5). 5. The uppermost mass block (1) according to claim 2 has a damping device (3) between it and a ceiling beam (11) of the building. Vibration control equipment for buildings.