JPH07305373A - Attachment changing device of machine for civil engineering work - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily change an attachment by providing an arm mounting member with first and second members having hooked holding portions, and providing an interval adjusting and holding mechanism which moves and hold holding members in place. CONSTITUTION:A hooked holding member 30 of a first holding member 22 secured to the arm mounting member of an attachment changing device 2 is hooked to one of the pin members of an attachment. A hooked holding member 32 of a second holding member 23 is adjusted to the other pin member of the attachment so that they can be engaged with each other. Then, when the screw rod 36 of an interval adjusting and holding mechanism 24 is rotated, the holding member 32 is engaged with the latter pin member. As the rod 36 is further rotated, both pin members are surely engaged with the respective holding members 30, 32. Further, a locknut member is fitted into the rod 36 and a pin is inserted into the rod to restrain the rotation of the rod 36.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an attachment exchanging device for a civil engineering work machine, and more particularly, to an attachment exchanging device which is attached to the tip of a movable arm so that the attachment can be detachably attached.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a machine for civil engineering work such as a shovel car and a backhoe is equipped with a bucket for the specific purpose at the tip of a movable arm so that a specific work can be performed. Since there are various work contents such as transportation of earth and sand, inputting, excavation, transportation of blocks, etc., if only specific work can be done, various civil engineering work machines must be prepared to perform civil engineering work. Disappear.

Therefore, a bucket attached to the tip of a movable arm of a civil engineering work machine is attached to and detached from the bucket. As an attachment, for example, a bucket of a general shovel car, a fork having a pair of gripping claws, and other breakers. By preparing multiple attachments such as a nibler and exchanging the attachments,
There is a machine for civil engineering work on a table that allows multiple operations.

Conventionally, as a civil engineering machine of this type,
As shown in FIG. 6, the movable arm 101 pivotally supports the link member 103 on the arm 102, and
The link member 104 is pivotally supported on the shaft, and the hydraulic (or pneumatic) cylinder unit 105 is connected to the connecting portion of the link members 103 and 104, and is attached to and detached from the distal end of the arm 102 and the distal end of the link member 104. Possible pin members 106,
It is known that the attachment 108 is detachably attached via 107.

To replace the attachment 108 in this civil engineering work machine, after removing the attachments 108 by removing the pin members 106 and 107, another attachment is attached to the pin holes at the distal end portion of the arm 102 and the distal end portion of the link member 104. Pin member 10 held and pulled out in a combined state
This can be done by inserting 6,107.

[0006]

However, in the case of the attachment exchanging work of the conventional civil engineering machine as described above, there are the following problems. That is, since the attachment is a heavy object by itself, and it is necessary to align the pin holes of the attachment and the movable arm,
It is difficult to perform the replacement work by a person, the replacement work requires a lot of manpower and labor, and there is a problem that the attachment replacement work cannot be easily performed at the work site.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to provide an attachment exchanging device capable of easily exchanging an attachment of a civil engineering work machine. It is in.

[0008]

The attachment exchanging device for a civil engineering machine of the present invention as a means for achieving the above-mentioned object includes an arm attaching member attached to the tip of a movable arm, and an attachment attaching device. A first holding member having a hook-shaped holding portion that engages and holds one pin member that is attached, and a second holding member that has a hook-shaped holding portion that engages and holds the other pin member that is attached to the attachment. At least one of the first holding member and the second holding member is movably or swingably provided, and at least one of the holding members is moved or swung to be fixedly held at a predetermined position. The structure is provided with a gap adjusting and holding mechanism.

Further, another attachment exchanging device for a civil engineering machine of the present invention is the above attachment exchanging device, wherein the gap adjusting and holding mechanism has a screw rod rotatably disposed on the lower surface of the arm attaching member, The second holding member is movably screwed to the screw rod, and a lock member for preventing rotation of the screw rod is provided. Further, in another attachment exchanging device for a civil engineering work machine of the present invention, in the attachment exchanging device, the first holding member and the second holding member are provided with the opening sides of the hook-shaped holding portions facing in opposite directions. It has a structure.

[0010]

The attachment exchanging device for a civil engineering machine of the present invention is used in a state in which the arm attaching member is attached to the tip of the movable arm, and each hook-shaped holding portion of the first holding member and the second holding member and the attachment. After making the respective pin members attached to each other substantially correspond to each other, a hook-shaped holding portion of the first holding member and the second holding member by moving or swinging the holding member that can be moved or rotated by the gap adjusting holding mechanism. By holding the pin members by engaging and holding each pin member by adjusting the distance between the two, the attachment can be attached by fixing and holding the holding member at this position. Conversely, the holding member can be moved or shaken in the opposite direction to the above. By moving it, the attachment can be removed and the attachment can be easily replaced.

Further, another attachment exchanging device for a civil engineering work machine of the present invention is such that one pin member of the attachment is engaged with the hook-shaped engaging portion of the first holding member and the other pin member is secondly held. After being roughly aligned with the hook-shaped holding portion of the member, the screw rod of the gap adjusting and holding mechanism is rotated to move the second holding member, and the other pin member is engaged with the hook-shaped holding portion, and the lock member is used. The attachment can be attached by restricting the rotation of the screw rod, and conversely, the lock member can be removed and the screw rod can be rotated in the opposite direction to the second holding member to move in the opposite direction to the attachment. Can be removed and acts so that the attachment can be easily replaced. Further, in another attachment exchanging device for a civil engineering work machine of the present invention, since the first holding member and the second holding member are provided with the opening sides of the hook-shaped holding portions facing in opposite directions, when the attachment is attached. The pin member serves to more reliably prevent the pin member from falling off the hook-shaped holding portions of the first holding member and the second holding member.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 are as follows.
1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a front view of a distal end of a movable arm to which an attachment is attached, FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of an attachment exchanging device, FIG. 3 is a bottom view of FIG. 2, and FIG.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the lock nut member of FIG.

The civil work machine of this embodiment is a shovel car or the like capable of carrying out various operations such as transportation of earth and sand, loading, excavation, transportation of blocks, etc. by exchanging various attachments such as buckets. In general, a construction machine in which the attachment 3 is detachably attached to the tip of the movable arm 1 of the machine body via the attachment exchanging device 2 according to the present invention with pin members 4 and 5. I am trying.

In the movable arm 1, a link member 12 is swingably supported by a support shaft 13 at the rear of the tip of the arm 11.
A link member 14 is pivotally supported by a support shaft 15 on the link member 12, and a rod 17 of a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder unit 16 is connected to the support shaft 15. And
The attachment exchanging device 2 is attached to the distal end of the arm 11 and the distal end of the link member 14 by pin members 18 and 19.

In the attachment exchanging device 2, a first holding member 22 for engaging and holding one pin member 4 mounted on the attachment 3 is fixed to the lower surface of an arm mounting member 21 mounted on the tip of the movable arm 11. A second pin for engaging and holding the other pin member 5 mounted on the attachment 3.
The holding member 23 is provided, the second holding member 23 is movably provided, and the interval adjustment holding mechanism 24 that moves the second holding member 23 to fix and hold it at a predetermined position is provided.

The arm mounting member 21 includes two base brackets 25, 25 and these base brackets 2.
The bottom plate 26 is fixed to or integrally formed with the lower ends of the movable arms 1 and 5.
Reinforcing members 28 and 28 having pin holes 27 through which pin members 18 and 19 to be attached to the arm 11 and the link member 14 are fixed. First holding member 2
Reference numeral 2 denotes a hook-like shape in which two fixing brackets 29, 29 are fixed to the lower surface of the bottom plate 26 of the arm mounting member 21, and the pin member 4 mounted on the attachment 3 is engaged and held between the fixing brackets 29, 29. The holding member 30 is fixed.

In the second holding member 23, the fitting portions 31a, 31a can be slid in the guide grooves 29a, 29a formed inside the fixing brackets 29, 29 of the first holding member 22 by the two slide brackets 31, 31. Is installed by fitting
A hook-shaped holding member 32 that engages and holds the pin member 5 mounted on the attachment 3 is fixed between these two slide brackets 31, 31. Then, these two slide brackets 31, 31 are used for the space adjustment holding mechanism 2
It is fixed to the nut member 33 which is moved by 4.

Here, the hook-shaped holding member 30 of the first holding member 21 and the hook-shaped holding member 32 of the second holding member 23 are provided so that their openings 30a, 32a face in opposite directions, and the second holding member is held. The distance between the hook-shaped holding member 30 and the hook-shaped holding member 32 is increased as the member 23 is moved in the direction away from the first holding member 21.

The space adjusting and holding mechanism 24 rotatably supports a screw rod 36 between support plates 34 and 35 fixed to the lower surface of the bottom plate 26 of the arm mounting member 21, and the screw rod 36 holds the second holding member 23. Nut member 33
Is movably screwed, and the tip end portion 36a of the screw rod 36 protruding from the support plate 35 is formed in a square pole shape so that a square wrench can be fitted thereto, and the square pole tip end portion 36a has a large outer circumference. A lock nut member 38 for preventing rotation which is formed in a square shape can be fitted. And
A stopper member 39 is fixed to the lower surface of the bottom plate 26 of the arm attachment member 21 to abut the outer peripheral surface of the lock nut member 38 fitted in the tip end portion 36a of the screw rod 36 to prevent the lock nut member 38 from rotating. A lock prevention pin 40 is provided which penetrates the lock nut 38 and the tip end 36 a of the screw rod 36. Further, a bellows-shaped cover member 41 is provided between the nut member 31 of the second holding member 23 and the support plate 35 on the outer periphery of the screw rod 36.
Is installed to prevent dust, dirt and the like from adhering to the screw rod 36 and becoming unrotatable during work.

Next, the attachment replacement work in the civil engineering machine of this embodiment will be described. To attach the attachment 3 to the tip of the movable arm 1, the tips of the arm 11 and the link member 14 of the movable arm 1 are mounted. In a state in which the arm attachment member 21 of the attachment exchanging device 2 is attached by the pin members 18 and 19, first, the hook-shaped holding member 30 of the first holding member 22 is hooked on the one pin member 4 attached to the attachment 3. After that, by operating the cylinder unit 16 to move the link member 14, the hook-shaped holding member 32 of the second holding member 23 is attached to the other pin member 5 attached to the attachment 3.
To the engageable state.

After that, by inserting a square wrench into the tip end portion 36a of the screw rod 36 of the distance adjusting and holding mechanism 24 and rotating the screw rod 36, the slide bracket 31 of the second holding member 23 is inserted through the nut member 33. The fixed bracket 29 of the first holding member 22 guides and slides (moves). At this time, by rotating the screw rod 36 in a direction in which the distance between the hook-shaped holding member 30 of the first holding member 22 and the hook-shaped holding member 32 of the second holding member 23 is increased, the other one attached to the attachment 3 is rotated. The hook member 32 of the second holding member 23 is engaged with the pin member 5, and the screw rod 36
The pin members 4 and 5 of the attachment 3 are securely engaged with the hook-shaped holding member 30 of the first holding member 22 and the hook-shaped holding member 32 of the second holding member 23 by rotating.

Therefore, in this state, the screw rod 36
Since the rotation of the lock nut member 38 is restricted by the stopper member 39 by removing the square wrench from the tip end portion 36a of the lock nut member 38 and inserting the lock nut member 38, the rotation of the screw rod 36 is restricted. Then, the second holding member 23 is fixedly held at the position (state) at that time, and acts so that the attachment 3 is securely attached to the attachment exchanging device 2.

Here, the pin members 4 of the attachment 3 are
5, the first holding member 22 and the second holding member 23 have openings 3
Since the pin members 4 and 5 are engaged and held by the hook-shaped holding members 30 and 32 having 0a and 32a, the centering work of the pin members 4 and 5 is unnecessary, and the hook-shaped holding members 21 of the first holding member 21 are not necessary. The holding member 30 and the hook-shaped holding member 32 of the second holding member 23 are provided so that their openings 30a and 32a face in opposite directions, and the pin member 4 of the attachment 3 is provided.
Since 5 is engaged and held from the inner side to the outer side, the pin members 4 and 5 of the attachment 3 can be held more reliably.

Further, in order to remove the attachment 3 mounted on the movable arm 1, contrary to the above, the pin 40 is pulled out from the lock nut member 38 to remove the lock nut member 38 from the tip portion 36a of the screw rod 36, and then the square The screw rod 36 is rotated in the opposite direction to the second holding member 32 in the opposite direction using a wrench, that is, the hook-shaped holding member 30 of the first holding member 22 and the second holding member 23.
The hook-shaped holding member 3 of the first holding member 22 is moved by moving the hook-shaped holding member 32 of
0 and the hook-shaped holding member 32 of the second holding member 23 and the pin members 4 and 5 of the attachment 3 are disengaged, so that the attachment 3 can be detached from the movable arm 1.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but includes a configuration that can be modified and implemented within the scope of the present invention. Incidentally, the shape of the attachment to be mounted on the civil engineering work machine is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. In the above embodiment, the first
The hook-shaped holding member 30 of the holding member 21 and the second holding member 2
The hook-shaped holding member 32 of No. 3 has openings 30a, 32
Although a is provided so as to face in the opposite direction, the pin member mounted on the attachment is engaged and held by being provided in the opposite direction and relatively moving in the direction in which the first holding member and the second holding member approach each other. You can also choose to do so. Further, in the above embodiment, the second holding member of the first holding member and the second holding member is movably provided. However, either the first holding member or the first holding member and the second holding member is provided. May be movably provided. Furthermore, at least one of the first holding member and the second holding member is swingably provided, and the spacing between the hook-shaped holding members can be adjusted by swinging the holding member.

[0026]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the attachment exchanging device for a civil engineering machine of the present invention,
For the arm attachment member attached to the tip of the movable arm,
A first holding member having a hook-shaped holding portion that engages and holds one pin member that is mounted on the attachment, and a second holding member that has a hook-shaped holding portion that engages and holds the other pin member that is mounted on the attachment. The first holding member and the second holding member are provided such that at least one holding member is movable or swingable, and at least one holding member is moved or swung to be fixedly held at a required position. Since the adjustment holding mechanism is provided, at least one of the first holding member and the second holding member moves or swings to adjust the interval between the hook-shaped holding portions so that the pin member attached to the attachment is fixed. It can be engaged and held and fixedly held at that position, which has the effect of facilitating the attachment replacement work.

Further, according to another attachment exchanging device of the present invention, the attachment can be attached / detached by rotating the screw rod of the gap adjusting / holding mechanism to move the second holding member, which facilitates the attachment. It has the effect that it can be exchanged for.

Further, according to another attachment exchanging device for a civil engineering work machine of the present invention, the first holding member and the second
Since the holding member is provided so that the opening side of each hook-shaped holding portion faces in the opposite direction, it is more reliable that the pin member falls off from the hook-shaped holding portions of the first holding member and the second holding member when the attachment is attached. It has the effect that it can be prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a movable arm tip portion to which an attachment according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached.

FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the attachment exchange device.

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG.

5 is an enlarged view of the lock nut of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a movable arm tip portion for explaining a conventional attachment replacement operation.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Movable arm, 2 ... Attachment exchange device, 3 ... Attachment, 4,5 ... Pin member attached to attachment, 11 ... Arm, 14 ...
..Link members, 18, 19 ... Pin members, 21 ...
・ Arm mounting member, 22 ... First holding member, 23.
..Second holding members, 24 ... Spacing adjustment holding mechanism, 25
... Base bracket, 26 ... Bottom plate, 28 ...
Pin hole, 29 ... Fixed bracket, 30 ... Hook-shaped holding member, 30a ... Opening portion of hook-shaped holding member 30, 31 ... Slide bracket, 32 ... Hook-shaped holding member, 32a. ..Openings of hook-shaped holding members 32, 33 ... Nut members, 36 ... Screw rods, 38 ... Lock nut members, 41 ... Covers

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An attachment exchanging device used for exchanging an attachment detachably attached to a tip end portion of a movable arm of a civil engineering machine by a pin member, the attachment exchanging device being a movable arm of the movable arm. A first holding member having a hook-shaped holding portion that engages and holds one pin member attached to the attachment and an other pin member attached to the attachment are attached to an arm attachment member attached to the distal end portion. A second holding member having a hook-shaped holding portion for holding together, wherein at least one holding member of the first holding member and the second holding member is movably or swingably provided, and the at least one holding member. Attaching a civil engineering machine characterized in that a space adjusting and holding mechanism for moving or swinging and holding it in a desired position is provided. Ment exchange device. 2. The spacing adjustment holding mechanism has a screw rod rotatably arranged on the lower surface of the arm mounting member,
The attachment exchanging device for a civil engineering work machine according to claim 1, wherein the second holding member is movably screwed to the screw rod, and a lock member that prevents rotation of the screw rod is provided. 3. The attachment exchanging device for a civil engineering work machine according to claim 1, wherein the first holding member and the second holding member are provided with the opening sides of the hook-shaped holding portions facing in opposite directions.