JPH07305047A - Static crushing material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the static crushing material used for rocks and concretes mainly in an civil engineering and construction industry. CONSTITUTION:A static crushing material comprises a coagulation-controlling agent, a water-reducing agent and an expanding substance which is an ore containing Cab, Al2O3 and CaSO4 as main effective components in a CaO/Al2O3 molar ratio of 7.5-18 and in a CaSO4/Al2O3 of 1.6-4 and which is produced by thermally treating a mixture containing a CaO raw material, an Al2O3 raw material and a CaSO4 raw material. A static crushing material comprises the expanding substance, a hydraulic substance and/or a potentially hydraulic substance, the coagulation-controlling agent and the water-reducing agent. The static crushing material has a high performance crushing ability, and exhibits good effects. For example, the static crushing material can crush rocks or concretes within approximately a half day even in a low temperature.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention mainly relates to a rock or concrete statically crushed material used in the civil engineering and construction industry.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a so-called static crushing method of crushing a brittle object such as rock or concrete without giving an explosion or mechanical shock, a hole is previously made in the rock or concrete. Various methods have been proposed in which the pores are filled with an expansive slurry and crushed by the expansive force. For example, quick lime has a large expansive force during hydration, and it has been attempted to use it as a crushing material.

However, quick lime alone has a very high hydration rate, and when it is mixed with water, it immediately hydrates and expands, and the fluidity sharply decreases to make it difficult to inject it into the pores. A sufficient crushing effect could not be obtained due to a so-called gun phenomenon, in which air was blown out from the upper part of the hole due to a rapid exothermic reaction. It is not clear how the gun phenomenon occurs, but the heat of hydration caused by the sudden exothermic reaction
Since it can reach 120 ℃, it is conjectured that a steam explosion has occurred.

As a static crushing material utilizing quick lime, mineral powder in which quick lime crystals are included in alite crystals is added a water reducing agent, or hard burned quick lime powder is added a hydraulic material and an admixture. A method has been proposed in which a paste is kneaded with water, and the paste is poured into the pores of rock or concrete (JP-A-55-142894 and JP-A-56-67059).

However, in these methods, in particular,
When the temperature is lower than 10 ° C, the hydration reactivity of quicklime decreases, and it often takes 2-3 days for crushing.
There was a problem that crushing took 1 week or more when the temperature became lower than ℃.

As a result of various studies to solve these problems, the inventor of the present invention has a high-performance crushing ability by using a specific static crushing material, and it takes about half a day even at low temperature. The inventors have completed the present invention by finding that rock or concrete can be crushed.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems That is, the present invention is an expansive substance produced by heat-treating a mixture containing a CaO raw material, an Al ₂ O ₃ raw material, and a CaSO ₄ raw material, and CaO, Al ₂ O ₃ , And CaSO ₄
Is used as an active ingredient, and the component ratio in the mineral is CaO / Al ₂ O ₃ molar ratio of 7.5 to 18, CaSO ₄ / Al ₂ O ₃
A static crushing material containing an expansive substance having a molar ratio of 1.6 to 4, a coagulation modifier and a water reducing agent, wherein the expansive substance, the hydraulic substance and / or the latent hydraulic substance are condensed with each other. It is a static crushing material containing a conditioning agent and a water reducing agent.

The present invention will be described in more detail below.

The raw material of the expansive substance used in the present invention can be arbitrarily selected depending on the purity and cost and is not particularly limited. For example, the CaO raw material is CaCO such as limestone or slaked lime. ₃ quality and Ca (OH) ₂ quality,
Further, as the Al ₂ O ₃ raw material, bauxite, aluminum residual ash, etc., and as the CaSO ₄ raw material, anhydrous gypsum,
Hemihydrate gypsum, dihydrate gypsum, etc. are mentioned. The mixing of impurities such as SiO ₂ , Fe ₂ O ₃ , CaF ₂ , MgO, and TiO ₂ existing in the raw material is not particularly limited as long as it does not substantially impair the object of the present invention.

The mixing ratio of various raw materials in the present invention is such that, as the chemical composition of the expanding substance as a product, the molar ratio of CaO / Al ₂ O ₃ is 7.5 to 18, and the molar ratio of CaSO ₄ / Al ₂ O ₃ is 1.6 to. It is necessary to adjust the ratio to be 4, and the CaO / Al ₂ O ₃ molar ratio is 8-12.
Is preferable, and the CaSO ₄ / Al ₂ O ₃ molar ratio is preferably 2 to 3.
If the CaO / Al ₂ O ₃ molar ratio or the CaSO ₄ / Al ₂ O ₃ molar ratio is outside the above range, a sufficient crushing effect may not be obtained.

In the present invention, the desulfurization temperature of gypsum varies greatly depending on the blending ratio of the mixture of raw materials and the content of impurities. Therefore, the firing temperature during firing is not particularly limited, but usually the firing temperature is Is preferably about 1,100 to 1,600 ° C. The method for mixing the raw materials is not particularly limited,
The usual methods are possible. The heat treatment method for producing the expansive substance is not particularly limited, and for example, any method such as firing with a rotary kiln or melting with an electric furnace is possible.

The particle size of the expansive substance is not particularly limited, but a Blaine value of 1,500 to 5,000 cm ² / g is preferable.
If it is less than 1,500 cm ² / g, the crushing time may be delayed,
If it exceeds 5,000 cm ² / g, sufficient fluidity and workability may not be obtained.

In the present invention, it is preferable to use a hydraulic substance and / or a latent hydraulic substance in combination with the expansive substance from the viewpoint of suppressing the gun phenomenon and enhancing the crushing effect.

Here, the hydraulic substance is a substance that hardens by reacting with water, such as cement or a rapid hardening material.

Examples of the cement include various types of portland cement such as normal, early strength, and ultra early strength, and alumina cement.

As the rapid hardening material, for example, CaO is C, Al ₂ O ₃
Is A, CA, C ₁₂ A ₇ , C ₂ A, C ₃ A, C ₁₁ A ₇ · CaF ₂ , and
Crystalline or amorphous calcium aluminate described as C ₃ A ₃ · CaSO _4, etc., cement rapid hardening material in which inorganic sulfate such as anhydrous gypsum is mixed with these calcium aluminates, and cement to cement Examples include quick-hardening cement to which a quick-hardening material is added.

Examples of latent hydraulic substances include blast furnace slag, fly ash, and silica flour.

Further, as the mixture of the hydraulic material and the latent hydraulic material, various mixed cements obtained by mixing Portland cement with slag or the like can be used.

In the present invention, it is possible to use one or two or more of these hydraulic substances and latent hydraulic substances, but it is preferable to use a rapid hardening material because the effect of the present invention is great. .

The particle size of the hydraulic substance and / or the latent hydraulic substance is not particularly limited, but usually, the Blaine value is preferably 2,000 to 6,000 cm ² / g. Hydraulic material and /
Or, if the particle size of the latent hydraulic material is not within this range, a sufficient crushing effect may not be obtained. When the expansive substance is used in combination with the hydraulic substance and / or the latent hydraulic substance, the amount of the expansive substance used is 90 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the binder comprising the expansive substance and the hydraulic substance and / or the latent hydraulic substance. Approximately 95 parts by weight is preferable because the crushing effect is large.

The setting regulator used in the present invention is a general term for a setting retarder or a setting accelerator, and is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include alkali metal carbonates such as potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate. , Sodium sulfate,
Alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide, alkali metal aluminates, aluminum sulfate, organic acids such as citric acid and tartaric acid or salts thereof, dextrin, saccharides , And boric acid and the like, and it is possible to use one or more of these. The amount of the coagulation modifier used is preferably 2 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of a binder made of an expansive substance, or 100 parts by weight of a binder made of an expansive substance and a hydraulic substance and / or a latent hydraulic substance. 1 part by weight is more preferred. If it is used in excess of 2 parts by weight, the hydration reaction of the crushed material may be extremely delayed or promoted, and a sufficient crushing effect may not be obtained.

The water-reducing agent used in the present invention is to reduce the water-cement ratio of a kneaded product using cement and increase the strength and durability of the cured product thereof. In the present invention,
It is used for the purpose of increasing the fluidity and the expansive force that enhances the crushing effect, and is not particularly limited, and a water reducing agent, a high performance water reducing agent, an AE water reducing agent, a high performance AE water reducing agent, and a fluidizing agent. Etc. can be used. They are roughly classified into naphthalene type, melamine type, polycarboxylic acid type, and aminosulfonic acid type. As a typical example, as a naphthalene type, Kao Corporation product name "Mighty 2000WH" and the like, Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. product name "Denka FT-500" and "Denka FT-80", and the like, melamine-based, Examples include Showa Denko's trade name "Melment F-10" and Nippon Seeka's trade name "Seekament 100H". As polycarboxylic acid type, Denka Grace's trade names "Dalex Super 100PH" and "Dalex" Super 200 ”, and the product name“ Reobuild SP-8S ”manufactured by NMB Co. are listed.
The product name “Palic FP-100U” manufactured by Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and the like can be mentioned. In addition, similar water reducing agents are commercially available from companies such as Nippon Zeon Co., Kobe Materials Co., Ltd., Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd., Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd., Fukui Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., and Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. In addition, recently, powdered products of these water reducing agents have been commercialized, for example, product name "Mighty 100" manufactured by Kao, product name "Vanirex" manufactured by Nippon Paper Co., Ltd. FF powder "," Ultra Gin "manufactured by Bokusui Brown Co., Ltd., and the like, and it is preferable to use these powdery water reducing agents in the present invention from the viewpoint of simplifying the construction work. The amount of these water reducing agents used is not particularly limited as long as it is within the range specified by the manufacturer.
In comparison with parts by weight, naphthalene-based and melamine-based water reducing agents
0.1 to 4 parts by weight is preferable, and 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of the polycarboxylic acid-based or aminosulfonic acid-based water reducing agent is preferable.

In the present invention, the method of mixing the respective materials is not particularly limited, and the respective materials may be mixed at the time of construction, or part or all of them may be mixed in advance. . As the mixing device, any existing stirring device can be used, and for example, a tilting barrel mixer, an omni mixer, a V-type mixer, a Henschel mixer, a Nauta mixer, or the like can be used.

In the present invention, further, if necessary, an aggregate such as sand or gravel, an inorganic powder such as calcium carbonate and the like can be used together within a range not substantially impairing the object of the present invention. .

[0025]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.

Example 1 Limestone powder was used as a CaO raw material, aluminum residual ash was used as an Al ₂ O ₃ raw material, and natural anhydrous gypsum was used as a CaSO ₄ raw material. The mixture was subjected to a maximum firing temperature of 1,400 ° C. in a rotary kiln. The obtained clinker was pulverized and adjusted to a Blaine value of 3,000 ± 200 cm ² / g to obtain an expanded material. 100 parts by weight of the expanding substance shown in Table 1 and a coagulation modifier
20 minutes after kneading the slurry, which is prepared by mixing 0.1 parts by weight, 0.5 parts by weight of a water reducing agent, and 30 parts by weight of water and kneading it into a hole of 60 × 60 × 60 cm of a non-reinforced concrete hardening body of φ3.8 × 57 cm in depth. It was injected later and the crushing time at 5 ° C. was measured. The results are also shown in Table 1. The composition of the expansive substance was obtained by analyzing the amounts of CaO, Al ₂ O ₃ and SO ₃ according to JIS R 5202, and further converting the amount of SO ₃ into CaSO ₄ . For comparison, the same procedure was performed using a commercially available static crushing material. The results are also shown in Table 1.

<Materials used> CaO raw material: Limestone powder from Omi mine of Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., Blaine value 4,230 cm ² / g Al ₂ O ₃ raw material: Aluminum residual ash, CaSO ₄ raw material manufactured by Nippon Kasei Kako Co., Ltd .: Natural anhydrous gypsum, Blaine value 5,830 cm ² / g Coagulation regulator: Sodium gluconate, Reagent first grade water reducing agent: Product name "Mighty 100" manufactured by Kao Corporation, main component naphthalene-based water: Tap water Commercial static crushing material: Product manufactured by Onoda Cement Name "Blyster" Main component quicklime type

<Measurement method> Crushing time: The time from the beginning of concrete damage to the completion of crushing

[0029]

[Table 1]

Example 2 Expansion material 100 having a molar ratio of CaO / Al ₂ O ₃ / CaSO ₄ of 10/1 / 2.5
The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the amount of the coagulation modifier was changed as shown in Table 2 with respect to parts by weight. The results are also shown in Table 2.

[0031]

[Table 2]

Example 3 As shown in Table 3, the same procedure as in Example 2 was repeated except that the amount of the water reducing agent was changed with respect to 100 parts by weight of the expansive substance. The results are also shown in Table 3.

[0033]

[Table 3]

Example 4 An expanding substance having a molar ratio of CaO / Al ₂ O ₃ / CaSO ₄ of 10/1 / 2.5 was used, and the amount of the hydraulic substance used was 100 parts by weight of the binder as shown in Table 4. The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that The results are also shown in Table 4.

<Materials used> Hydraulic substance: ordinary Portland cement manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.

[0036]

[Table 4]

Example 5 Example 5 was repeated except that a latent hydraulic material was used instead of the hydraulic material. The results are shown in Table 5.

<Material used> Latent hydraulic material: Blast furnace slag manufactured by Nippon Steel Corporation

[0039]

[Table 5]

Example 6 Example 4 was repeated except that blast furnace cement was used instead of the hydraulic material. The results are shown in Table 6.

<Materials used> Blast furnace cement: B class blast furnace cement manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.

[0042]

[Table 6]

Example 7 Example 4 except that a rapid hardening material was used as the hydraulic material.
I went the same way. The results are shown in Table 7.

<Materials used> Rapid hardening material: Amorphous calcium aluminate, the molar ratio of reagent grade calcium carbonate and aluminum oxide is 10: 8.
The clinker obtained by melting the mixture of 1,650 ° C. and quenching the resulting clinker, CaO content 41% by weight, Blaine value 3,410 cm ² /
g

[0045]

[Table 7]

[0046]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION By using the static crushing material of the present invention, it has a high-performance crushing ability and can crush rocks or concrete in about half a day even at low temperature.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An expansive substance produced by heat-treating a mixture containing a CaO raw material, an Al ₂ O ₃ raw material, and a CaSO ₄ raw material.
O, Al ₂ O ₃ , and CaSO ₄ consisting of minerals with active ingredients,
Moreover, the CaO / Al ₂ O ₃ molar ratio of the minerals is 7.5.
A static crushing material containing an expanding substance having a CaSO ₄ / Al ₂ O ₃ molar ratio of 1.6 to ₄ and a coagulation modifier and a water reducing agent. 2. An expansive substance produced by heat-treating a mixture containing a CaO raw material, an Al ₂ O ₃ raw material, and a CaSO ₄ raw material.
O, Al ₂ O ₃ , and CaSO ₄ consisting of minerals with active ingredients,
Moreover, the CaO / Al ₂ O ₃ molar ratio of the minerals is 7.5.
-18, a CaSO ₄ / Al ₂ O ₃ molar ratio of 1.6 to 4, a static substance comprising an expanding substance, a hydraulic substance and / or a latent hydraulic substance, a setting regulator and a water reducing agent. Crushed material.