JPH0728705B2 - Sterilization method of fruit and vegetable juice - Google Patents
Sterilization method of fruit and vegetable juiceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0728705B2 JPH0728705B2 JP3181890A JP18189091A JPH0728705B2 JP H0728705 B2 JPH0728705 B2 JP H0728705B2 JP 3181890 A JP3181890 A JP 3181890A JP 18189091 A JP18189091 A JP 18189091A JP H0728705 B2 JPH0728705 B2 JP H0728705B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- juice
- water
- solid content
- sterilization
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
- Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は果実，野菜汁、具体的に
はこれらの搾汁液を濾過して得た固形分に対する殺菌方
法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for sterilizing fruits and vegetable juices, specifically, solid contents obtained by filtering these juices.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に果実，野菜類の搾汁液は、一部は
搾汁後直ちに、例えばストレートジュース等として成分
無調整のまま、或いは成分調整加工を施して出荷される
場合と、一旦濃縮した後これを還元して、所謂濃縮還元
ジュース類等として出荷される場合がある。この理由は
ストレートジュース類は保存性に問題があり、時期的に
集中する果実，野菜類の搾汁液の全てをこのようなスト
レートジュース類等として出荷することが困難なことに
よる。このため通常は搾汁液の一部はストレートジュー
ス類等として直ちに製品化されるが、残りの大半は保存
設備の負担を避けるために濃縮して保存し、需要に合わ
せて還元し、所謂濃縮・還元ジュース等として出荷する
のが普通である。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, juice of fruits and vegetables is partially squeezed immediately after squeezing, for example, as straight juice or the like without adjusting the components, or when the components are adjusted and shipped before or after being concentrated. This may be reduced and shipped as so-called concentrated reduced juices or the like. The reason for this is that straight juices have a problem in shelf life, and it is difficult to ship all juices of fruits and vegetables that are concentrated in time as such straight juices. For this reason, a portion of the juice is usually immediately commercialized as straight juices, etc., but most of the rest is concentrated and stored in order to avoid the burden of storage equipment, and then returned according to demand. It is usually shipped as juice.
【０００３】ところでストレートジュース類等の保存性
を改善するため、近年にあっては果実，野菜類の搾汁液
を限外濾過法等によって濾過液と固形分とに分離し、固
形分についてはこれに加熱殺菌処理を施した後濾過液と
混合し、そのままストレートジュースとして出荷するこ
とが行われている。一方、果実，野菜類の濃縮・還元ジ
ュースは、先ず搾汁液を限外濾過処理法にて濾過液と固
形分（パルプ）とに分離し、濾過液はこれをそのまま減
圧処理等にて濃縮し、また固形分はこれを加熱殺菌処理
を施した後、濃縮濾過液に固形分を戻して冷凍貯蔵して
おき、需要に応じて冷凍濃縮汁液を解凍すると共にこれ
に水を加えて出荷されている。By the way, in order to improve the preservability of straight juices and the like, in recent years, juices of fruits and vegetables have been separated into a filtrate and a solid content by an ultrafiltration method or the like. After being subjected to heat sterilization treatment, it is mixed with the filtrate and shipped as it is as straight juice. On the other hand, for concentrated / reduced juice of fruits and vegetables, first, the juice is separated into a filtrate and a solid content (pulp) by an ultrafiltration method, and the filtrate is directly concentrated by a pressure reduction treatment or the like. Also, the solid content is subjected to heat sterilization treatment, then the solid content is returned to the concentrated filtrate and stored frozen, and the frozen concentrated juice liquid is thawed according to demand, and water is added to it before shipment. There is.
【０００４】[0004]
ところでこのようなストレートジュース又は濃縮・還元
ジュースの製造工程においてはいずれも加熱殺菌工程を
含むために、糖度，pH, 黴・酵母類の個数等には問題が
ないが、加熱臭の発生が避けられずこれがジュース全体
に広がる結果、製品として新鮮な風味に欠ける原因とな
る等の難点があった。また固形分は殺菌対象全量の均一
加熱が困難であるので、殺菌ムラを避けて十分な殺菌を
行なうために熱源近くが過加熱され、それによる加熱臭
の増大、風味の劣化は不可避のことであった。 By the way, since the manufacturing process of such straight juice or concentrated / reduced juice includes a heat sterilization process, there is no problem in sugar content, pH, mold and number of yeasts, but the occurrence of heating odor is avoided. As a result, it spreads throughout the juice, resulting in a lack of a fresh flavor as a product, which was a problem. In addition, the solid content is uniform for all sterilization targets.
Since heating is difficult, avoid uneven sterilization and perform sufficient sterilization.
To overheat near the heat source to perform, resulting in heating odor
It was unavoidable that the increase in the amount and the deterioration of the flavor.
【０００５】本発明はかかる事情に鑑みなされたもので
あって、その目的とするところは搾汁液を濾過した後の
固形分に対し、従来の加熱殺菌処理に代わって静水圧加
圧殺菌処理を行うことにより加熱臭のない固形分が得ら
れ、ストレートジュース、濃縮・還元ジュース類等とし
て製品化した場合も新鮮な風味を維持し得るようにした
果実，野菜汁の殺菌方法を提供するにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to subject the solid content after filtering the squeezed juice to hydrostatic pressure sterilization treatment instead of the conventional heat sterilization treatment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sterilizing method of fruit and vegetable juices, which can obtain a solid content without heating odor by carrying out and maintain a fresh flavor even when it is commercialized as straight juice, concentrated / reduced juices and the like.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明に係る果実，野菜
汁の殺菌方法は、果実，野菜を搾汁して得た搾汁液に濾
過処理を施し、得られた固形分に対して静水圧加圧処理
を行うことを特徴とする。The method for sterilizing fruit and vegetable juice according to the present invention is a squeezing solution obtained by squeezing fruit and vegetables, which is subjected to a filtration treatment, and hydrostatic pressure is applied to the obtained solid content. A feature is that pressure treatment is performed.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】本発明方法にあってはこれによって、黴・細菌
個数の大幅な低減、更には無菌化が可能となり、しかも
加熱臭を生じることがなく、ストレートジュース、濃縮
・還元ジュース類等としても新鮮な風味を維持すること
が出来る。特に殺菌対象全量に対して均一な加圧が可能
であり、均一な殺菌が行える。 According to the method of the present invention, the number of molds and bacteria can be significantly reduced and sterilization can be further performed, and there is no heating odor, and fresh juices such as straight juice and concentrated / reduced juices can be obtained. It can maintain a good flavor. In particular, it is possible to apply uniform pressure to the total amount of sterilization
Therefore, uniform sterilization can be performed.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下本発明をその実施例を示す図面に基づき
具体的に説明する。 （実施例１）図１は本発明に係る果実，野菜汁の殺菌方
法をストレートジュース類の製造に適用した場合の主要
製造工程を示すブロック図であり、先ず果実，野菜類を
搾汁工程Ａにて搾汁し、得られた搾汁液を濾過工程Ｂに
送る。濾過工程Ｂにおいては、例えば分画分子量20,000
〜50,000以上の限外濾過膜を用いた限外濾過法（或いは
セライトを用いたプレコート濾過法），逆浸透膜法によ
り搾汁液を濾過し、濾過液と固形分（パルプ）とに分離
する。得られた濾過液はそのままとし、一方ペクチン，
タンパク質，細菌を含む固形分は殺菌工程Ｃへ送られ
る。殺菌工程Ｃにおいては本発明方法に係る静水圧加圧
法により固形分について殺菌処理を行う。次いで混合工
程で濾過液中に殺菌処理を施した固形分を戻して混合
し、ストレート汁液として出荷する。なおセライト濾過
法では0.2 〜0.5 μｍ以上のものが除去されるが、ペク
チン，タンパク質は通過し、また酵母の如き大きい微生
物は除去可能であるが一部の細菌は濾過液中に混入する
こととなる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings showing the embodiments. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a main production process when the method for sterilizing fruits and vegetables according to the present invention is applied to the production of straight juices. And squeeze the juice, and send the obtained juice to the filtration step B. In the filtration step B, for example, a molecular weight cutoff of 20,000
The squeezed juice is filtered by an ultrafiltration method using an ultrafiltration membrane of 50,000 or more (or a precoat filtration method using Celite) or a reverse osmosis membrane method, and separated into a filtrate and a solid content (pulp). The filtrate obtained is left as it is, while pectin,
The solid content containing proteins and bacteria is sent to the sterilization step C. In the sterilization step C, the solid content is sterilized by the hydrostatic pressure method according to the method of the present invention. Next, in the mixing step, the sterilized solid content is returned to the filtrate, mixed, and shipped as a straight juice. The Celite filtration method removes particles of 0.2 to 0.5 μm or more, but allows the passage of pectin and proteins, and the removal of large microorganisms such as yeast, but some bacteria are contaminated in the filtrate. Become.
【０００９】なお前記固形分は限外濾過法における限外
濾過膜を透過しなかったもの、即ち分画分子量20,000〜
50,000以上の不溶性成分を意味するが、特にこれにのみ
限定するものではなく、セライトを用いたプレコート濾
過法においては透過しなっかった0.2 〜0.5 μｍのもの
が固形分となる。また遠心分離法にあっては3000回転で
10分間処理したとき下部に沈澱した不溶性固形物（不透
明な部分を含む）を意味することとなる。The solid content is one that has not permeated through the ultrafiltration membrane in the ultrafiltration method, that is, a molecular weight cutoff of 20,000-
It means 50,000 or more insoluble components, but it is not particularly limited to this, and those of 0.2 to 0.5 μm which have not been permeated in the precoat filtration method using Celite become the solid content. In the centrifugal method, 3000 rpm
It means an insoluble solid substance (including an opaque portion) that has precipitated at the bottom when treated for 10 minutes.
【００１０】図２は殺菌工程Ｃにおいて用いる静水圧殺
菌装置の模式図、図３は静水圧殺菌装置に用いられてい
る殺菌装置本体の正面図である。図２，図３において１
は殺菌装置本体、11は油圧装置、21は増圧機を示してい
る。殺菌装置本体１は耐圧容器２，この耐圧容器２に高
圧を加える加圧フレーム３等にて構成されている。耐圧
容器２は中央部に上方が開口された加圧室2aを備えた厚
肉円筒形に形成され、その周壁にはヒータ2bを内蔵し、
加圧室2aの開口部にはプラグ４が着脱可能に嵌着されて
おり、全体を支持台５上に載架されている。プラグ４は
厚肉の円板型に形成され下面中央に加圧室2a内に嵌入す
る凸部を備えておりこの凸部周面には水密用のシールリ
ングが設けられている。支持台５は所要の間隔を隔てた
一対の水平梁5a,5a の両端に夫々脚部5b,5b を設けて下
向きコ字形に構成され、基台６上に設置されている。FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the hydrostatic pressure sterilizer used in the sterilization step C, and FIG. 3 is a front view of the main body of the sterilizer used in the hydrostatic sterilizer. 1 in FIGS. 2 and 3
Is a sterilizer main body, 11 is a hydraulic device, and 21 is a pressure booster. The sterilizer main body 1 is composed of a pressure resistant container 2, a pressure frame 3 for applying a high pressure to the pressure resistant container 2, and the like. The pressure-resistant container 2 is formed into a thick-walled cylindrical shape having a pressurizing chamber 2a whose upper portion is opened at the center, and has a heater 2b built in on its peripheral wall.
A plug 4 is removably fitted in the opening of the pressurizing chamber 2a, and the whole is mounted on a support 5. The plug 4 is formed in a thick disk shape and has a convex portion at the center of the lower surface that fits into the pressurizing chamber 2a, and a watertight seal ring is provided on the peripheral surface of the convex portion. The support base 5 has a pair of horizontal beams 5a, 5a spaced apart from each other by legs 5b, 5b provided at both ends of the horizontal beams 5a, 5a.
【００１１】耐圧容器２における加圧室2a内には固形分
が合成樹脂製の柔軟な袋に収容された状態で１又は複数
個ずつ収容されるようになっている。加圧フレーム３は
２本の縦梁部3a,3b に上, 下方向に所定の間隔を隔てて
横梁部3c及び耐圧容器２の底部と対向する部分に凸部3h
を有する横梁部3dを渡し、これらで囲われる内側に前記
耐圧容器２，支持台５が通過可能な空間3eを備えると共
に、両縦梁部3a,3b の下端に夫々車輪3fを備えた脚部3g
を形成し、この脚部3gを介してレールＲ上に載架され、
図２に実線で示す如く横梁部3c,3d がプラグ４の上部及
び耐圧容器２の底部と対向する位置と、図２に破線で示
す如く横梁部3c,3d がプラグ４の上部及び耐圧容器２の
底部と対向しない位置とにレールＲ上を移動せしめられ
るようになっている。この加圧フレーム３の移動は手
動、或いはモータのいずれによって行うこととしてもよ
い。In the pressure chamber 2a of the pressure-resistant container 2, one or a plurality of solid contents are contained in a flexible bag made of synthetic resin. The pressurizing frame 3 has two vertical beam portions 3a and 3b, and a convex portion 3h at a portion facing the horizontal beam portion 3c and the bottom portion of the pressure vessel 2 at a predetermined interval in the upward and downward directions.
A cross beam 3d having a space, a space 3e through which the pressure vessel 2 and the support 5 can pass, and legs provided with wheels 3f at the lower ends of both vertical beam parts 3a and 3b. 3 g
And is mounted on the rail R via this leg portion 3g,
As shown by the solid line in FIG. 2, the horizontal beam portions 3c, 3d face the upper portion of the plug 4 and the bottom portion of the pressure resistant container 2, and the horizontal beam portions 3c, 3d indicate the upper portion of the plug 4 and the pressure resistant container 2 as shown by the broken line in FIG. The rail R can be moved to a position that does not face the bottom of the rail. The movement of the pressure frame 3 may be performed manually or by a motor.
【００１２】耐圧容器２の底部にはその一端は加圧室2a
の底部中央に開口し、また他端部は側壁外面に開口され
た通水孔2cを備えており、側壁外面の開口部には増圧機
21にに連なる水路24d の一端が接続されている。また耐
圧容器２のプラグ４内には一端がプラグ４の下面の中央
部に開口し、他端部がプラグ４の周壁に開口するエア抜
き孔4bが設けられており、プラグ４の周壁に開口する開
口部には中間部にエア抜きバルブ７を介在させたエア抜
き管4cの一端が接続され、その他端はエア抜き時に排出
される水を回収するタンク4dに連結されている。At the bottom of the pressure-resistant container 2, one end thereof has a pressurizing chamber 2a.
Has a water passage hole 2c opened at the center of the bottom and the other end opened at the outer surface of the side wall.
One end of the waterway 24d leading to 21 is connected. Further, in the plug 4 of the pressure-resistant container 2, one end is opened in the central portion of the lower surface of the plug 4, and the other end is provided with an air vent hole 4b which is opened in the peripheral wall of the plug 4, which is opened in the peripheral wall of the plug 4. One end of an air bleeding tube 4c having an air bleeding valve 7 interposed in the middle is connected to the opening, and the other end is connected to a tank 4d for collecting water discharged during bleeding.
【００１３】油圧装置11はモータＭを兼用する低圧用油
圧ポンプＰL と高圧用油圧ポンプＰH とを備えており、
その吸込口はいずれも油タンク12に接続され、またその
吐出口は夫々途中に逆止弁13b,13c を備えた油路12b,12
c に接続され、両油路12b,12c は逆止弁13a,13b の下流
側で一本の油路12f に合流されて電磁式の切替弁15に接
続されている。油路12b,12c は夫々逆止弁13a,13c の上
流側で夫々分岐され、分岐路12d は途中に低圧用油圧ポ
ンプＰL の吐出側の圧力を所定圧力とするための圧力調
整弁14a,逆止弁14c を介在させて、また分岐路12e は途
中に高圧用油圧ポンプＰH の吐出側の圧力を所定圧力と
するための圧力調整弁14b を介在させて夫々前記油タン
ク12に連なっている。また油路12f には途中に異常圧力
発生時にモータＭの電源を遮断する圧力スイッチ16、低
圧用油圧ポンプＰL , 高圧用油圧ポンプＰH 夫々の吐出
側圧力をチェックする圧力計17が付設されている。The hydraulic system 11 is provided with a low pressure hydraulic pump P L and a high pressure hydraulic pump P H which also serve as the motor M.
All of the suction ports are connected to the oil tank 12, and the discharge ports are provided with oil passages 12b and 12c, which are provided with check valves 13b and 13c, respectively.
Both of the oil passages 12b and 12c are connected to c and joined to one oil passage 12f on the downstream side of the check valves 13a and 13b to be connected to the electromagnetic switching valve 15. Oil passages 12b, 12c are each check valve 13a, are respectively branched at the upstream side of the 13c, the branch passage 12d is midway in low-pressure hydraulic pump P L pressure regulating valve 14a of the pressure at the discharge side to a predetermined pressure, the check valve 14c interposed therebetween, also branching path 12e is continuous with intervening pressure regulating valve 14b to the pressure of the discharge side of high-pressure hydraulic pump P H and a predetermined pressure in each said oil tank 12 in the middle There is. Further, a pressure switch 16 for shutting off the power source of the motor M when an abnormal pressure occurs, and a pressure gauge 17 for checking the discharge side pressure of each of the low pressure hydraulic pump P L and the high pressure hydraulic pump P H are attached to the oil passage 12f. ing.
【００１４】電磁式の切替弁15は中立位置Ｎと増圧機21
における油圧シリンダ22内の室ａに油圧を加えるＡ位置
と、同じく室ｂに油圧を加えるＢ位置との３位置に切替
え可能に構成されており、油路12g,12h を介して油圧シ
リンダ22の室ａ，ｂに交互的に圧油を付与するようにな
っている。増圧機21は油圧シリンダ22, 一対の水圧シリ
ンダ23,24 を備えており、油圧シリンダ22内にはロッド
25に設けたピストン26が配設され、また両水圧シリンダ
23,24 には前記油圧シリンダ22の両端から突き出した前
記ロッド25の各端部がラムとして抽送されるようになっ
ている。The electromagnetic switching valve 15 has a neutral position N and a booster 21.
It is configured such that it can be switched between three positions, that is, an A position for applying a hydraulic pressure to the chamber a in the hydraulic cylinder 22 and a B position for similarly applying a hydraulic pressure to the chamber b. The position of the hydraulic cylinder 22 can be changed via the oil passages 12g and 12h. Pressure oil is alternately applied to the chambers a and b. The booster 21 includes a hydraulic cylinder 22 and a pair of hydraulic cylinders 23 and 24.
Piston 26 provided in 25 is arranged, and double hydraulic cylinder
The ends of the rod 25 projecting from both ends of the hydraulic cylinder 22 are drawn to 23 and 24 as rams.
【００１５】各水圧シリンダ23,24 の内奥端には夫々水
路23a,24a の各一端が接続され、その他端は夫々逆止弁
23b,24b を介在させて水路24c により相互に接続される
と共に、これから分岐された水路24d には途中にバルブ
27を介在させて前記耐圧容器２の通水孔2cに接続されて
いる。また水路23a,24a には水タンク28に連なる水路28
a が２分岐されて夫々途中に逆止弁28b,28c を介在させ
て接続されている。29は水路24c に付設した圧力計であ
る。One end of each water passage 23a, 24a is connected to the inner rear end of each hydraulic cylinder 23, 24, and the other end is connected with a check valve.
It is connected to each other by a water channel 24c with 23b and 24b interposed, and a valve is inserted in the water channel 24d branched from this.
It is connected to the water passage hole 2c of the pressure resistant container 2 with 27 interposed. The water channels 23a and 24a are connected to the water channel 28
a is branched into two and connected with check valves 28b and 28c interposed therebetween. 29 is a pressure gauge attached to the waterway 24c.
【００１６】次にこのような静水圧殺菌装置の動作につ
いて具体的に説明する。 （殺菌装置本体１の動作）図２，図３に示す状態から、
耐圧容器２内に固形分を入れるときは手動、又は図示し
ないモータにて加圧フレーム３を実線で示す位置から破
線で示す位置に移動させ、プラグ４を耐圧容器２から引
き抜き、合成樹脂製の袋に収容した固形分を袋に収容し
たまま加圧室2a内に入れる。袋の大きさは任意でよく、
また収容する袋の数も大きな袋を１個、或いは小さい袋
を複数個収容してよい。Next, the operation of such a hydrostatic sterilizer will be specifically described. (Operation of the sterilizer main body 1) From the state shown in FIGS.
When the solid content is put into the pressure resistant container 2, the pressure frame 3 is manually moved by a motor (not shown) from the position shown by the solid line to the position shown by the broken line, and the plug 4 is pulled out from the pressure resistant container 2. The solid content stored in the bag is put into the pressure chamber 2a while being stored in the bag. The size of the bag may be arbitrary,
As for the number of bags to be stored, one large bag or a plurality of small bags may be stored.
【００１７】固形分の収容が終了するとプラグ４にて加
圧室2aを密閉し、水密状態に閉鎖する。このときエア抜
き弁７は開放しておく。加圧フレーム３を図２に破線で
示す位置から実線で示す位置に移動し、この状態で油圧
装置11を駆動し、増圧機21の水路2cを通じて加圧室2a内
に水を注入する。加圧室2a内への水の注入によって内部
の空気はエア抜き孔4b, エア抜き管4cを通じて外部に排
出されてゆく。エア抜きが終了するとエア抜き弁７を閉
鎖し、後述する油圧装置11, 増圧機21の操作によって加
圧室2a内の圧力を所定値まで高めてゆくが、この過程で
耐圧容器２の周壁に内蔵してあるヒータ2bを作動して加
圧室2a内の水，固形分の温度を所定の範囲（常温から50
℃迄の範囲) 内で調節してもよい。When the storage of the solid content is completed, the pressure chamber 2a is sealed by the plug 4 and closed in a watertight state. At this time, the air bleeding valve 7 is opened. The pressurizing frame 3 is moved from the position shown by the broken line in FIG. 2 to the position shown by the solid line, and the hydraulic device 11 is driven in this state to inject water into the pressurizing chamber 2a through the water passage 2c of the pressure booster 21. By injecting water into the pressurizing chamber 2a, the internal air is discharged to the outside through the air vent hole 4b and the air vent pipe 4c. When the air bleeding is completed, the air bleeding valve 7 is closed, and the pressure in the pressurizing chamber 2a is increased to a predetermined value by the operation of the hydraulic device 11 and pressure booster 21 described later. By operating the built-in heater 2b, the temperature of water and solids in the pressurizing chamber 2a can be controlled within a predetermined range (from room temperature to 50
It may be adjusted within the range (up to ℃).
【００１８】加圧室2a内の圧力を1000kg／cm2 以上，望
ましくは4000kg／cm2 以上に高めて、この状態で0.5 〜
10分間程度維持し、静水圧加圧処理を行う。加圧室2a内
の圧力が高められるとプラグ４は加圧フレーム３の横梁
部3cに、また横梁部3dの凸部が加圧室2aの底部に夫々当
接し、加圧室2a内の圧力に抗しうることとなる。所定時
間経過すると油圧装置11の電磁式切替弁15を中立位置Ｎ
に設定した後、エア抜き弁７を開いて、加圧室2a内の圧
力を解放し、加圧室2a内を常圧に戻した後、加圧フレー
ム３を図２に実線で示す位置から破線で示す位置に移動
し、プラグ４を抜き取り、加圧室2a内の固形分を袋ごと
取り出し、新たな袋と交換した後、再び前述の過程を反
復する。The pressure in the pressurizing chamber 2a is increased to 1000 kg / cm 2 or more, preferably 4000 kg / cm 2 or more, and in this state 0.5 to
Hold for about 10 minutes and perform hydrostatic pressure treatment. When the pressure in the pressurizing chamber 2a is increased, the plug 4 comes into contact with the lateral beam portion 3c of the pressurizing frame 3 and the convex portion of the lateral beam portion 3d comes into contact with the bottom portion of the pressurizing chamber 2a. Will be able to withstand. After a lapse of a predetermined time, the electromagnetic switching valve 15 of the hydraulic device 11 is set to the neutral position N.
After that, the air bleeding valve 7 is opened to release the pressure in the pressurizing chamber 2a, and the pressure in the pressurizing chamber 2a is returned to normal pressure. Then, the pressurizing frame 3 is moved from the position shown by the solid line in FIG. After moving to the position indicated by the broken line, the plug 4 is pulled out, the solid content in the pressurizing chamber 2a is taken out together with the bag, the bag is replaced with a new bag, and the above-mentioned process is repeated again.
【００１９】（油圧装置11の動作）例えば低圧用油圧ポ
ンプＰL を用いる場合は油圧調整弁14a を、また高圧用
油圧ポンプＰH を用いる場合は油圧調整弁14b を夫々所
定の値に設定した後、モータＭを駆動し、低圧用油圧ポ
ンプＰL 又は高圧用油圧ポンプＰHのいずれかを動作せ
しめる。低圧用油圧ポンプＰL 又は高圧用油圧ポンプＰ
H の吐出側の油圧が所定の油圧に達したか否かを圧力計
17にてチェックし、所定油圧に達すると切替弁15を図２
に示す中立位置ＮからＡ位置に切り替え、増圧機21を介
して殺菌装置本体１における耐圧容器２内の加圧室2aに
所定の圧力を加えてこの状態を所定時間維持する。(Operation of the hydraulic device 11) For example, when the low pressure hydraulic pump P L is used, the hydraulic pressure adjusting valve 14a is set to a predetermined value, and when the high pressure hydraulic pump P H is used, the hydraulic pressure adjusting valve 14b is set to a predetermined value. After that, the motor M is driven to operate either the low pressure hydraulic pump P L or the high pressure hydraulic pump P H. Low pressure hydraulic pump P L or high pressure hydraulic pump P L
A pressure gauge indicates whether the hydraulic pressure on the discharge side of H has reached a prescribed level.
Check at 17, and when the specified hydraulic pressure is reached, switch valve 15
Is switched from the neutral position N to the position A shown in FIG. 2 and a predetermined pressure is applied to the pressurizing chamber 2a in the pressure resistant container 2 in the sterilizer main body 1 via the pressure booster 21 to maintain this state for a predetermined time.
【００２０】なおこの間、加圧室2aからの漏水がなけれ
ば切替弁15を中立位置Ｎに戻しておいてもよい。逆にエ
ア抜き弁７からの漏水，或いはプラグ４周辺からの漏水
のため所定時間経過する前に増圧機21における油圧シリ
ンダ22内のピストン26が左限又は右限に達してしまう
と、切替弁15をＢ位置またはＡ位置に切り替えて加圧室
2a内を所定圧力に維持せしめる。加圧室2a内を所定圧力
に所定時間維持した後は切替弁15を中立位置Ｎに戻し、
殺菌装置本体１における固形分の交換が終了する迄夫々
圧力調整弁14a,又は14bの開度を大きく設定し、圧力調
整弁14a,14b を通して油タンク12へ還流させる。なお低
圧用油圧ポンプＰL 又は高圧用油圧ポンプＰH の吐出側
圧力が異常な高圧となった場合は圧力スイッチ16が動作
してモータＭの電源を遮断せしめ、低圧用油圧ポンプＰ
L 又は高圧用油圧ポンプＰH が停止せしめられる。During normal operation, the switching valve 15 may be returned to the neutral position N unless water leaks from the pressurizing chamber 2a. On the contrary, if the piston 26 in the hydraulic cylinder 22 of the booster 21 reaches the left limit or the right limit before a predetermined time elapses due to water leakage from the air bleeding valve 7 or water leakage around the plug 4, the switching valve Pressurization chamber by switching 15 to B position or A position
Keep the inside of 2a at the specified pressure. After maintaining the inside of the pressurizing chamber 2a at a predetermined pressure for a predetermined time, the switching valve 15 is returned to the neutral position N,
The degree of opening of the pressure adjusting valve 14a or 14b is set large until the solid content in the sterilizer main body 1 is completely exchanged, and the oil is returned to the oil tank 12 through the pressure adjusting valves 14a and 14b. When the discharge side pressure of the low-pressure hydraulic pump P L or the high-pressure hydraulic pump P H becomes abnormally high, the pressure switch 16 operates to shut off the power of the motor M.
The L or high-pressure hydraulic pump P H is stopped.
【００２１】（増圧機21の動作）図２に示す状態におい
て、切替弁15がＡ位置に設定されると油圧シリンダ22内
の室ａは低圧用油圧ポンプＰL 又は高圧用油圧ポンプＰ
H の吐出口側に、また室ｂは油タンク12側に接続される
結果、ピストン26及びロッド25は右側に移動してゆく。
水圧シリンダ24内には水が充満した状態になっており、
ロッド25の移動に伴って水圧シリンダ24にはピストン26
の断面積とロッド25の断面積比に対応した圧力が水圧シ
リンダ24に加えられ、水圧シリンダ24内の水は水路24a,
逆止弁24b,水路24c を経、更にバルブ27, 水路24d を経
て耐圧容器２内の加圧室2a内に注入され、加圧室2a内を
所定の圧力に高める。加圧室2a内の圧力は圧力計29にて
チェックされる。一方水圧シリンダ23内はロッド25の移
動に伴って負圧となるため、ここに水タンク28内の水が
水路28a,逆止弁28b,水路23a を経て吸引されてゆくこと
となる。(Operation of Pressure Booster 21) In the state shown in FIG. 2, when the switching valve 15 is set to the A position, the chamber a in the hydraulic cylinder 22 has a low pressure hydraulic pump P L or a high pressure hydraulic pump P L.
As a result of being connected to the discharge port side of H and the chamber b to the oil tank 12 side, the piston 26 and the rod 25 move to the right.
The hydraulic cylinder 24 is filled with water,
As the rod 25 moves, the hydraulic cylinder 24
The pressure corresponding to the cross-sectional area ratio of the rod 25 and the cross-sectional area of the rod 25 is applied to the hydraulic cylinder 24, and the water in the hydraulic cylinder 24 flows through the water channel 24a,
It is injected into the pressurizing chamber 2a in the pressure resistant container 2 through the check valve 24b and the water passage 24c, and further through the valve 27 and the water passage 24d to raise the pressure in the pressurizing chamber 2a to a predetermined pressure. The pressure inside the pressurizing chamber 2a is checked by the pressure gauge 29. On the other hand, the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 23 becomes negative as the rod 25 moves, so that the water in the water tank 28 is sucked into the hydraulic cylinder 23 through the water passage 28a, the check valve 28b, and the water passage 23a.
【００２２】加圧室2a内が所定圧力に所定時間維持され
た後は、エア抜き弁７を通じて加圧室2a内の圧力を解放
する結果、油圧シリンダ22内のピストン26は右限に迄移
動した状態となる。耐圧容器２内の固形分を交換して再
び加圧殺菌を行う場合は、切替弁15をＢ位置に設定し、
油圧シリンダ22内の室ｂを低圧用油圧ポンプＰL 又は高
圧用油圧ポンプＰH の吐出口側に、また室ａを油タンク
側に接続し、室ｂ内に油圧を加えてゆく。これによって
ピストン26及びロッド25は左方に移動し、水圧シリンダ
23内にピストン26とロッド25との断面積比に応じた圧力
が付与される。水圧シリンダ23内の水は水路23a,逆止弁
23b 及び水路24d,バルブ27を経て加圧室2a内に注入さ
れ、同時に負圧となる水圧シリンダ24内には水タンク28
内の水が水路28a,逆止弁28c 及び水路24a を経て注入さ
れてゆくこととなる。After the pressure in the pressure chamber 2a is maintained at the predetermined pressure for the predetermined time, the pressure in the pressure chamber 2a is released through the air bleeding valve 7, so that the piston 26 in the hydraulic cylinder 22 moves to the right limit. It will be in the state of doing. When the solid content in the pressure vessel 2 is replaced and the pressure sterilization is performed again, the switching valve 15 is set to the B position,
The chamber b in the hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected to the discharge port side of the low pressure hydraulic pump P L or the high pressure hydraulic pump P H , and the chamber a is connected to the oil tank side, and the hydraulic pressure is applied to the chamber b. This moves the piston 26 and rod 25 to the left, and the hydraulic cylinder
A pressure corresponding to the cross-sectional area ratio between the piston 26 and the rod 25 is applied to the inside of 23. The water in the hydraulic cylinder 23 is supplied to the water channel 23a and the check valve.
Water tank 28 is placed in hydraulic cylinder 24, which is injected into pressurizing chamber 2a through 23b, water passage 24d and valve 27, and at the same time becomes negative pressure.
The water inside will be injected through the water channel 28a, the check valve 28c and the water channel 24a.
【００２３】（実施例２）図４は本発明の他の実施例を
示すブロック図であり、この実施例では濃縮還元ジュー
スの製造工程である殺菌工程Ｄにおいて、本発明に係る
静水圧加圧殺菌処理を施すこととしている。搾汁工程
Ａ，濾過工程Ｂは実施例１の場合と実質的に同じであ
る。この実施例においては、濾過液はこれを濃縮工程Ｃ
へ、また固形分は殺菌工程Ｄへ送られる。濃縮工程Ｃに
おいては濾過液をそのまま、例えば減圧法等により水分
を蒸発除去して濃縮を行う。殺菌工程Ｄにおいては実施
例における場合と同様に静水圧加圧法による殺菌処理を
施す。(Embodiment 2) FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, in the sterilization step D which is a manufacturing process of concentrated and reduced juice, the hydrostatic pressurization according to the present invention is performed. It is supposed to be sterilized. The squeezing process A and the filtering process B are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment. In this example, the filtrate is concentrated in step C
And the solid content is sent to the sterilization step D. In the concentration step C, the filtrate is concentrated as it is, for example, by evaporating and removing water by a decompression method or the like. In the sterilization step D, the sterilization treatment by the hydrostatic pressure method is performed as in the example.
【００２４】次に混合工程Ｅにおいて濃縮した濾過液に
殺菌処理を施した後の固形分を戻して混合して濃縮汁液
とした後、冷凍工程Ｆに送られて冷凍され、そのまま保
存される。そして需要に応じて還元工程Ｇに送られ冷凍
濃縮汁液を解凍し、水を加えて還元し、濃縮・還元ジュ
ース類等として出荷される。 （試験例１）インライン搾汁機で温州みかん果実を搾汁
し、その搾汁液を限外濾過膜（分画分子量20,000〜50,0
00）を用いて限外濾過処理を行い、取り出した固形分を
ビニール袋に入れて耐圧容器２の加圧室2a内に入れ、25
℃で５〜10分間1000〜6000kg／cm2 の静水圧加圧処理を
行い、取り出した固形分について、その糖度(Bx),PH,水
分量(%),並びに黴, 酵母の個数（個／cc) を調べた。結
果は表１に示すとおりである。Next, the filtered filtrate concentrated in the mixing step E is sterilized and the solid content is returned and mixed to form a concentrated juice, which is then sent to the freezing step F to be frozen and stored as it is. Then, in accordance with demand, the frozen concentrated juice is sent to the reducing step G, thaws the frozen concentrated juice, and water is added to reduce the frozen concentrated juice. (Test Example 1) An In-line juice extractor was used to squeeze Satsuma mandarin fruit and the juice was subjected to an ultrafiltration membrane (molecular cutoff of 20,000 to 50,0).
00) is used for ultrafiltration, and the solid content taken out is put in a plastic bag and put in the pressure chamber 2a of the pressure-resistant container 2,
Hydrostatic pressure treatment of 1000 to 6000 kg / cm 2 was performed at ℃ for 5 to 10 minutes, and the extracted solids had sugar content (Bx), PH, water content (%), and the number of molds and yeasts (pieces / cc). The results are shown in Table 1.
【００２５】 [0025]
【００２６】なお表１中、官能的評価値欄における１〜
６は夫々次の内容を意味している。 １：新鮮で加熱臭がなく搾り立ての風味が感じられる。 ２：加熱臭が感じられ、搾り立ての風味は感じられな
い。 ３：新鮮で加熱臭がなく搾り立ての風味が感じられる。 ４：新鮮で加熱臭がなく搾り立ての風味が感じられる。 ５：新鮮で加熱臭がなく搾り立ての風味が感じられる。 ６：新鮮で加熱臭がなく搾り立ての風味が感じられる。In Table 1, 1 to 1 in the sensory evaluation value column
6 respectively means the following contents. 1: Fresh, no odor, and freshly squeezed flavor. 2: A heating odor is felt, and a freshly squeezed flavor is not felt. 3: Fresh, no odor of smell, fresh flavor is felt. 4: Fresh, fresh scent without odor. 5: Fresh, no heating odor, and freshly squeezed flavor is felt. 6: Fresh, fresh scent with no odor.
【００２７】表１から明らかなように1000,3000 kg／cm
2 の低い静水圧処理においても未処理の場合に比較して
黴，酵母の数は大幅に低減され、また4000kg／cm2 の高
圧静水圧処理においては加熱処理の場合と同様に黴, 酵
母数は零となり、しかも官能的評価として加熱臭のない
新鮮な搾り立ての風味が得られている。更に糖度,pH,水
分量は未処理の場合と比較しても有意差が生じていない
ことが解る。As is apparent from Table 1, 1000,3000 kg / cm
The number of molds and yeasts was significantly reduced in the low hydrostatic pressure treatment of 2 compared to the untreated case, and in the high pressure hydrostatic pressure treatment of 4000kg / cm 2 , the number of molds and yeasts was the same as in the heat treatment. Is zero, and a freshly squeezed flavor with no heating odor is obtained as a sensory evaluation. Furthermore, it can be seen that there is no significant difference in sugar content, pH, and water content compared to the untreated case.
【００２８】（試験例２）インライン搾汁機で温州みか
ん果実を搾汁し、その搾汁液を限外濾過膜（分画分子量
20,000〜50,000）を用いて限外濾過処理を行い、取り出
した固形分をビニール袋に入れ、加圧室2a内にて40℃で
0.5 〜１分間1000〜6000kg／cm2 の静水圧加圧処理を行
い、取り出した固形分について同様に糖度(Bx),pH,水分
量(%),黴・酵母の個数（個／cc) を調べた。結果は表２
に示すとおりであった。(Test Example 2) The Satsuma mandarin orange fruit was squeezed by an in-line squeezing machine, and the squeezed liquid was subjected to an ultrafiltration membrane (fractionated molecular weight).
20,000 to 50,000), and put the extracted solids in a plastic bag at 40 ° C in the pressure chamber 2a.
Perform hydrostatic pressure treatment of 1000 to 6000 kg / cm 2 for 0.5 to 1 minute, and similarly measure the sugar content (Bx), pH, water content (%), number of molds and yeasts (pieces / cc) for the extracted solids. Examined. The results are shown in Table 2.
It was as shown in.
【００２９】 [0029]
【００３０】なお表２中、官能的評価値欄におけ
る数値１〜６は夫々次の内容を意味している。 １：新鮮で加熱臭がなく搾り立ての風味が感じられる。 ２：加熱臭が感じられ、搾り立ての風味は感じられな
い。 ３：新鮮で加熱臭がなく搾り立ての風味が感じられる。 ４：新鮮で加熱臭がなく搾り立ての風味が感じられる。 ５：新鮮で加熱臭がなく搾り立ての風味が感じられる。 ６：新鮮で加熱臭がなく搾り立ての風味が感じられる。In Table 2, the numerical values 1 to 6 in the sensory evaluation value column mean the following contents, respectively. 1: Fresh, no odor, and freshly squeezed flavor. 2: A heating odor is felt, and a freshly squeezed flavor is not felt. 3: Fresh, no odor of smell, fresh flavor is felt. 4: Fresh, fresh scent without odor. 5: Fresh, no heating odor, and freshly squeezed flavor is felt. 6: Fresh, fresh scent with no odor.
【００３１】表２から明らかな如く、静水圧処理時の加
圧室内部の温度を40℃に設定すると、1000kg／cm2 の圧
力では未処理の場合よりも若干黴・酵母個数の上昇が認
められたが、3000kg／cm2 程度の低静水圧処理において
は黴・酵母個数は低減傾向が認められることが解る。他
の結果は、試験例１の場合と有意差のない結果が得られ
ている。As is clear from Table 2, when the temperature inside the pressurized chamber during the hydrostatic pressure treatment was set to 40 ° C., a slight increase in the number of molds and yeasts was observed at a pressure of 1000 kg / cm 2 as compared with the untreated case. However, it can be seen that the number of mold and yeast tends to decrease in the low hydrostatic pressure treatment of about 3000 kg / cm 2 . As for the other results, the results are not significantly different from those in Test Example 1.
【００３２】なお上述の実施例及び試験例１，２のいず
れにおいても殺菌処理をバッチ式で行う場合について説
明したが、繰り返し連続的に実施し、また複数の加圧殺
菌装置を設置して同時並行的に実施してもよい。In each of the above-mentioned Examples and Test Examples 1 and 2, the case where the sterilization treatment was carried out in a batch type was explained. However, the sterilization treatment was carried out continuously and repeatedly, and a plurality of pressure sterilizers were installed at the same time. You may carry out in parallel.
【００３３】[0033]
【発明の効果】以上の如く本発明方法にあっては、固形
分を静水圧処理により殺菌することで固形分に加熱臭を
生じることがない。そして固形分に対する加熱殺菌では
熱源に近い側が過加熱され、遠い側が加熱不足となるこ
とから、必要な殺菌を行うために熱源に近い側を過加熱
しがちであり、これによる加熱臭の増大が問題であった
が、本発明は静水圧は殺菌対象の固形物全量に均一に加
わるので、全量にムラなく殺菌でき、また当然に加熱臭
発生の要因は皆無である。これにより搾り立ての新鮮な
風味が得られ、しかも糖度，pH, 水分量に実質的な影響
を与えることがなく、優れた風味の濃縮・還元汁液等の
製造が可能となる等本発明は優れた効果を奏するもので
ある。As described above, in the method of the present invention, the solid content is sterilized by the hydrostatic pressure treatment so that the solid content has a heating odor.
It never happens. And in heat sterilization for solids
The side close to the heat source will be overheated and the side far from it will be underheated.
And then overheat the side close to the heat source to perform the required sterilization
Tended to increase the heating odor
However, in the present invention, the hydrostatic pressure is applied uniformly to the total amount of solid matter to be sterilized.
Since it is bad, the whole amount can be sterilized evenly, and of course the heating odor
There is no cause of occurrence. As a result, a fresh flavor of freshly squeezed can be obtained, and further, it does not substantially affect sugar content, pH, and water content, and it is possible to produce concentrated flavored / reduced juice with excellent flavor. It has a great effect.
【図１】本発明に係る殺菌方法をストレート汁液の製品
に適用した場合の主要製造工程を示すブロック図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing main manufacturing steps when a sterilizing method according to the present invention is applied to a product of straight juice.
【図２】殺菌工程で用いられる静水圧殺菌装置の模式図
である。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydrostatic pressure sterilizer used in a sterilization process.
【図３】殺菌装置本体の模式的正面図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a sterilizer main body.
【図４】本発明に係る殺菌方法を濃縮・還元汁液の製品
に適用した場合の主要製造工程を示すブロック図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing main manufacturing steps when the sterilization method according to the present invention is applied to a product of concentrated / reduced juice.
１ 殺菌装置本体 ２ 耐圧容器 2a 加圧室 ３ 加圧フレーム 3c,3d 横梁部 ４ プラグ ５ 支持台 11 油圧装置 21 増圧機 22 油圧シリンダ 23,24 水圧シリンダ 25 ロッド 26 ピストン 27 バルブ 28 水タンク 1 Sterilizer main body 2 Pressure vessel 2a Pressurizing chamber 3 Pressurizing frame 3c, 3d Horizontal beam part 4 Plug 5 Support 11 Hydraulic system 21 Booster 22 Hydraulic cylinder 23, 24 Hydraulic cylinder 25 Rod 26 Piston 27 Valve 28 Water tank
Claims (1)
処理を施し、得られた固形分に対して静水圧加圧処理を
行うことを特徴とする果実，野菜汁の殺菌方法。1. A method for sterilizing fruit and vegetable juice, which comprises subjecting a juice obtained by squeezing fruit and vegetables to a filtration treatment and subjecting the obtained solid content to hydrostatic pressure treatment. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3181890A JPH0728705B2 (en) | 1991-06-25 | 1991-06-25 | Sterilization method of fruit and vegetable juice |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3181890A JPH0728705B2 (en) | 1991-06-25 | 1991-06-25 | Sterilization method of fruit and vegetable juice |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH053774A JPH053774A (en) | 1993-01-14 |
| JPH0728705B2 true JPH0728705B2 (en) | 1995-04-05 |
Family
ID=16108675
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3181890A Expired - Fee Related JPH0728705B2 (en) | 1991-06-25 | 1991-06-25 | Sterilization method of fruit and vegetable juice |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0728705B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3300755B2 (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 2002-07-08 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Squeezed juice high pressure treatment method and apparatus |
| JP2009072125A (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-04-09 | Yamano Kk | Method for producing green leaf juice powder |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4643902A (en) * | 1984-09-07 | 1987-02-17 | The Texas A&M University System | Method of producing sterile and concentrated juices with improved flavor and reduced acid |
-
1991
- 1991-06-25 JP JP3181890A patent/JPH0728705B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 日本農芸化学会誌、ＶＯＬ．６３，ＮＯ．６，Ｐ．１１０９−１１１４（１９８９） |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH053774A (en) | 1993-01-14 |
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