JPH07286712A - Method for incinerating waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve an incinerating efficiency by treating waste without reducing a treating capacity by the same plant when the waste is pulverized and incinerated by an incinerating furnace, and finely pulverizing it without clogging article by a second pulverizer. CONSTITUTION:The method for incinerating waste comprises the steps of charging waste G such as city refuse, etc., in a waste receiving tank 1, then charging it in an incinerating furnace 13 through a first pulverizer 3, a mixing and heating reactor 5 and a second pulverizer 9 to incinerate the waste G by adding alkaline earth metal oxide or alkaline earth metal oxide and viscous mineral having adsorption to all or any of the tank 1, the pulverizer 3 and the reactor 5, thereby rationally physically chemically reacting it.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the production of waste such as combustible materials discharged from ordinary households or offices.
The present invention relates to a waste incineration method in which coarse / fine crushing processing is performed by a second crusher and then the waste is incinerated by being put into an incinerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, waste such as municipal solid waste is put into a waste receiving tank and then put into an incinerator through a first crusher, a second crusher and a mixing heating reactor to incinerate the waste. At the time of, or after roughly crushing treatment with the first crusher, once stored in the waste receiving tank, and then through the second crusher into the incinerator to incinerate the waste, the waste receiving tank , A method of incinerating waste by adding an alkaline earth metal oxide to all or one of the first crusher, the second crusher and / or the mixed heating reactor is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4-
It is known from Japanese Patent No. 273909 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-180423.

[0003]

By the way, in the conventional waste incineration method described above, there is no problem when the water content of the combustible garbage as waste is around 40%. The water content of raw garbage often exceeds 50%, and when this kind of high-moisture garbage is put in and treated in the same plant, especially the processing capacity of the second crusher is 20%.
There is a problem that it becomes low.

If the combustible food waste has a high water content and contains almost no incombustibles, fine crushing with a second crusher causes the waste to become viscous during crushing and clogging the second crusher. It will be easier. Therefore, the motor is likely to be overloaded, which causes unstable operation.

The object of the present invention is, when crushing waste and incinerating it in an incinerator, treating it without reducing the treatment capacity in the same plant and finely crushing it without clogging it with the second crusher. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for incinerating waste, which is designed to improve the incineration efficiency.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the method for incinerating waste according to the present invention is such that after the waste such as municipal solid waste is put into the waste receiving tank, the first crusher and the mixed heating reaction are carried out. When the waste is incinerated through the vessel and the second crusher and then incinerated to burn the waste, all or any of the waste receiving tank, the first crusher and the mixed heating reactor may be used depending on the characteristics of the waste. It is characterized in that an alkaline earth metal oxide, or a clay mineral having an adsorptivity with an alkaline earth metal oxide is added to rationally perform a physicochemical reaction treatment.

Further, in the waste incineration method of the present invention, after wastes such as municipal waste are put into the first crusher for coarse crushing, the wastes are once stored in a waste receiving tank and then mixed and heated. When the waste is incinerated by passing it through the reactor and the second crusher into an incinerator, an alkaline earth metal oxide or an oxide of an alkaline earth metal is added to all or either of the first crusher, the waste receiving tank and the mixing heating reactor. It is characterized in that an alkaline earth metal oxide and a clay mineral having adsorptivity are added to perform a physicochemical reaction treatment reasonably.

[0008]

[Operation] By adopting the waste incineration method as described above, all or any steps of the waste receiving tank, the other first crusher, and the mixed heating reactor before incinerating the waste in the incinerator Depending on the characteristics of the waste, the necessary amount of alkaline earth metal oxides or alkaline earth metal oxides and viscous minerals that have adsorptivity are added to carry out a physicochemical reaction treatment reasonably to make it clean. When burned in an incinerator as fuel, highly efficient and clean energy can be obtained, and the inhibition of chlorine corrosion can be effectively prevented.
aCO ₃ is excluded.

Moreover, the second crusher is processed without lowering the processing capacity, and the second crusher is finely crushed without clogging the object to improve the incineration efficiency, and further decompose the putrefaction material. Stable incineration without odor is performed.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Referring to FIG. 1, for example, waste G such as garbage removed from a general household or an office is
Combustible materials such as corrugated cardboard and textiles, non-combustible materials such as iron, aluminum, glass, soil, stones, etc., and moisture contained in these materials, for example, are carried by trucks, backer trucks, etc. It is exposed and once put into the waste receiving tank 1 including a pit. From the waste receiving tank 1, a required amount of the waste G is generated at the required time by the first crusher 3
Be thrown into.

The first crusher 3 is, for example, a hydraulic low-speed drive type tearing coarse crusher, and since its specific structure is known, a detailed description thereof will be omitted, but two or three shafts having different rotational speeds are used. And a plurality of blades are provided on the outer circumference of each shaft.

[0012] Then, the thrown waste G is gripped by a two- or three-axis rotary tearing blade having different rotational speeds, torn and pierced to a solid one, and slowly driven by a low speed, high torque hydraulic drive. It is torn and discharged from the discharge port at the bottom of the main unit. This first crusher 3 is driven by a hydraulic drive system, and by using a variable discharge axial piston pump, high speed and low speed torque is used during normal load, and low speed and high speed torque operation and load are performed when load is increased. Since the shaft rotation speed can be changed according to the needs of
As for the crushing load, operation control is always possible in the optimum state.

Waste G roughly crushed by the first crusher 3
1 is charged into the mixed heating reactor 5. The mixing / heating reactor 5 is composed of, for example, a rotary hexagonal mixer, a ribbon mixer, a moving screw type agitator, a vertical multistage agitator, etc., and is heated and mixed for a certain period of time while being stored.
As the heating means in the mixing and heating reactor 5, hot air, a heating tube, steam or hot water jacket can be used to increase the reaction rate. It is preferable to perform the treatment in a sealed state, for example, at 50 ° C. or higher and 80 ° C. or lower for about 1 hour. In the mixing heating reactor 5, a mixing storage reaction and a mixing degassing reaction are performed.

The second waste G2 reacted in the mixing heating reactor 5 is sent to the first sorter 7 which is composed of, for example, a belt conveyor. The first sorter 7 is equipped with a magnetic separator, which removes metals such as iron and non-ferrous and harmful harmful substances. In addition, in the first sorting machine 7, medium-sized inorganic substances such as bottles and blocks are sorted and removed.

When the metal and inorganic substances are removed by the first sorter 7, the third waste G3 is sent to the second crusher 9. The second crusher 9 is composed of, for example, a hammer mill, and the second crusher 9 crushes the third waste G3 more finely.

The fourth crushed finely by the second crusher 9
The waste G4 is sent to the second sorter 11 including, for example, a magnetic separator, a sifter, and a specific gravity difference separator. In the second sorter 11, fine metals and inorganic substances that could not be completely removed by the first sorter 7 are removed, and the fifth waste G5 is incinerated in the incinerator 13.
Be thrown into.

The incinerator 13 is a well-known incinerator such as a fluidized bed type boiler or a stalker type boiler, and is incinerated under necessary conditions to obtain required high efficiency and clean energy. Moreover, it is possible to prevent corrosion due to chlorine and exclude NOX and CaCO ₃ .

The incinerator 1 goes through the processing steps from the introduction of the above-mentioned waste G into the waste receiving tank 1 to the second sorter 11.
3 is incinerated and deodorized in the waste receiving tank 1 and the first crusher 3 such as CaO serving as an alkaline earth metal oxide or bentonite BN serving as a viscous mineral having adsorptivity with CaO. Physicochemical reaction treatment is performed by adding to waste G such as municipal waste for the purpose of suppressing spoilage fermentation. In this case, C
The addition amount of aO or CaO and BN is 0 to 3 of the total addition amount.
About 0% is preferable. Even if it exceeds 30%, it is not so effective.

That is, actually, by introducing CaO or CaO and BN into the waste receiving tank 1 and the first crusher 3, a city which has been commonly overcome by the facilities of this type up to now. It is possible to prevent the generation of offensive odor from the waste receiving and storing facility. The action of calcium CaO has the effect of suppressing spoilage / fermentation and insect development.

Also, in the first crusher 3 for roughly crushing municipal waste, calcium CaO or CaO and BN are introduced in advance to prevent an offensive odor and further to corrode the plant due to adhesion of anaerobic fermented matter. Can be prevented. It is desirable that the amount of waste to be input to the waste receiving tank 1 be in the range of 10% to 20% of the total amount of input.

At the same time when the first waste G1 roughly crushed by the first crusher 3 is charged into the mixed heating reactor 5, C
You may throw in aO or CaO and BN. In this case, the addition amount of CaO or CaO and BN is preferably 20% to 100% of the total addition amount. The purpose of adding CaO or CaO and BN in this process is CaO or C
This is to complete the reaction with aO and BN.

In some cases, the waste receiving tank 1, the first
It is also possible to add CaO or CaO and BN with an appropriate addition amount to all of the crusher 3 and the mixed heating reactor 5.

Therefore, CaO or CaO and BN
Is added to react with municipal solid waste to convert it into a physicochemically stable substance, and to remove Nox components such as ammonia from the waste.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment as an alternative to FIG.

In FIG. 2, waste G, such as dust removed from a general household or office, is a combustible material such as paper, cardboard, fibers, iron, aluminum, glass, etc.
It is composed of non-combustible materials such as soil and stones, and water contained therein, and is carried by, for example, trucks, carrier vehicles such as backer trucks, and put into the first crusher 15.

The first crusher 15 is, for example, a hydraulic low speed drive type rough crusher, and its specific structure is known, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted, but two or three shafts having different rotational speeds are used. And a plurality of blades are provided on the outer circumference of each shaft.

Then, the thrown waste G is gripped by the rotary shearing blades of 2 or 3 axes having different rotation speeds, torn and coarsely crushed slowly by shearing, and discharged from the discharge port at the bottom of the main body. .

The first waste G1 crushed by the first crusher 15 is once put into a waste receiving tank 17 such as a pit. In the waste receiving tank 17, the first waste G1
Once stored, this stored second waste G2
Is charged into the mixed heating reactor 19.

The mixing heating reactor 19 is, for example, a rotary type 6
It consists of a square mixer, a ribbon mixer, a moving screw type agitator, etc., and is heated and mixed for a certain period while being stored. As the heating means in the mixing and heating reactor 19, hot air or a heating tube can be used to increase the reaction rate. It is preferable to perform the treatment at 60 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower for 1 hour or more in a sealed state.

The third waste G3 reacted in the mixing heating reactor 19 is introduced into the second crusher 21 and finely crushed,
The fourth waste G4 passes through the feeder 23 and is incinerated in the incinerator 25.

As the incinerator 25, a well-known fluidized bed type incinerator, a stalker type incinerator, or the like is used, and the fourth waste G4 is incinerated under necessary conditions and integrated with the incinerator 25. Combustion gas is cooled by the installed boiler and steam is recovered.

The above-mentioned waste G is put into the first crusher 15, and then, through the waste receiving tank 17, the mixing heating reactor 19, the second crusher 21, the feeder 23, and the incinerator 25.
When incinerated by charging to the first crusher 15, the first crusher 15 and / or the waste receiving tank 17 and the mixing heating reactor 19 are charged with alkaline earth metal oxide such as CaO.
Alternatively, for example, bentonite BN as a clay mineral having adsorptivity to CaO is added to the waste G (G1) for the purpose of suppressing deodorization and spoilage fermentation, and a physicochemical reaction treatment is performed. In this case, the amount of CaO added is preferably about 2 to 5% with respect to the amount of waste G (G1). Even if it exceeds 5%, it is not so effective.

That is, the first crusher 15 and
Alternatively, the waste receiving tank 17 and the mixed heating reactor 19 are C
By introducing aO or CaO and BN, it is possible to prevent the generation of offensive odor from the receiving and storing facility for municipal solid waste, which had to be overcome in common by this type of facility. The action of calcium oxide CaO has the effect of suppressing spoilage / fermentation and the development of insects.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 described above, in the process of incinerating the waste G in the incinerators 13 and 25, the mixed heating reactors 5 and 19 are provided before the second crushers 9 and 21. By providing the second crusher 9, 21 when the waste G, for example, combustible food waste having a water content of more than 50% is treated in the same plant.
Can be performed without deteriorating the processing capacity of.

Also, the waste receiving tanks 1 and 17, which are the preceding steps of the second crushers 9 and 21, the first crushers 3 and 15 or /
And CaO or CaO in the mixed heating reactors 5 and 19
And BN are added to the second crusher 9,
At 21, it is possible to improve the incineration efficiency by crushing the material without clogging.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can be implemented in other modes by making appropriate modifications. For example, although CaO was described as an example of the alkaline earth metal oxide in the present embodiment, MgO may be mixed with this CaO, or only MgO can be used.

[0037]

As can be understood from the above description of the embodiments, according to the present invention, the alkaline earth metal is used in the processing steps up to the waste receiving tank, the first crusher or / and the mixed heating reactor. By adding an appropriate amount of oxide, performing physicochemical reaction treatment, and putting it in an incinerator to perform incineration treatment, it is possible to obtain clean energy with high efficiency and prevent corrosion due to chlorine. , And NOX
And CaCO ₃ can be excluded. Further, it can be efficiently applied by a method of co-firing with garbage in a coal-fired power plant.

Further, by providing a mixing heating reactor in the preceding stage of the second crusher, the treatment capacity of the second crusher can be improved by treating in the same plant especially when the water content of waste exceeds 50%. Can be done without lowering.

In addition, in the waste receiving tank which is a pre-process of the second crusher, the first crusher and / or the mixing heating reactor, a viscosity having an adsorptive property with the alkaline earth metal oxide or the alkaline earth metal oxide. By adding minerals and performing physico-chemical reaction processing, it is possible to improve the incineration efficiency by crushing the material without clogging the material with the second crusher and decompose the spoilage material to stabilize without odor. Can be incinerated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of carrying out the present invention, and is a diagram showing a conceptual process of incinerating collected waste through each treatment process in an incinerator.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a conceptual process showing another embodiment instead of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols] 1 waste receiving tank 3 first crusher 5 mixing heating reactor 7 first sorting machine 9 second crushing machine 11 second sorting machine 13 incinerator 15 first crushing machine 17 waste receiving tank 19 mixing Heat reactor 21 Second crusher 23 Feeder 25 Incinerator G Waste G1-5 Waste

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A first crusher, a mixed heating reactor, and a second crusher after the waste such as municipal waste is put into a waste receiving tank.
When the waste is incinerated through a crusher into an incinerator, all or any of the waste receiving tank, the first crusher, and the mixed heating reactor are alkaline earth depending on the characteristics of the waste. A method for incinerating waste, which comprises reasonably performing a physicochemical reaction treatment by adding a viscous mineral having an adsorptivity to a metal oxide or an alkaline earth metal oxide. 2. Waste such as municipal waste is put into a first crusher for coarse crushing, then stored in a waste receiving tank, and then incinerated through a mixing heating reactor and a second crusher. When the waste is incinerated in a furnace, the first crusher,
To reasonably perform physicochemical reaction treatment by adding alkaline earth metal oxides or viscous minerals having an adsorbing ability with alkaline earth metal oxides to all or either of the waste receiving tank and / or the mixed heating reactor. A method for incinerating waste characterized by.