JPH07279869A - Rotary compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the wear-resistance of the slide parts of a vane and a rotor so as to enhance the reliability. CONSTITUTION:A slide member 20 is fitted in a groove 19 formed in an outer peripheral part an eccentric part 3a of a crank shaft so that the slide A member 20 slides in contact with the inner diameter part of a roller 6 so as to facilitate the rotation of the roller 6 in a direction of rotation of the crankshaft. Further, an abutting force added to the slide member 20 in order to facilitate the rotation, can be set by allowing the eccentric part 3a to have a suitable radial resilient force. Accordingly, the vane 5 and the roller 6 can easily slide in one direction so that an oil film pressure is effectively and easily produced. As a result, the probability of direct contact between the vane and the roller can be decreased, there by it is possible to enhance the wear resistance in a basic structure.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary compressor, and more particularly to a rotary compressor suitable for use in a refrigerator such as an air conditioner or a freezer, which has a simple structure and is suitable for improving reliability. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, rotary compressors have been small and lightweight.
Widely used as a highly efficient compression method. As a characteristic structure, there is a sliding structure of a vane and a roller, and various devises and developments have been made in order to improve the reliability thereof.

For example, the techniques described in JP-A-2-75786 and JP-A-4-203285 are known.

The former is intended to improve the wear resistance by improving the material of the vane, and the latter is to make the material structure of the vane porous so as to have oil retaining property and to make the surface roughness of the sliding surface less than the hole diameter. Therefore, the wear resistance is improved.

On the other hand, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-106992.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2003-242242 discloses that an oil passage communicating with a vane back pressure chamber (back chamber) is provided only between the vane back pressure chamber and an oil sump of a hermetically sealed container only in a rotation section near the top dead center of the vane. It is disclosed.

Further, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 64-87891 discloses a device provided with a communication passage for connecting a blade (vane) back pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber of a compression chamber.

In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-45679, a first communication passage for intermittently connecting the back pressure chamber and the suction passage, and the back pressure chamber and the oil sump of the closed container are intermittently connected. Second communicating
And a communication passage of the above.

All of these three controls only the pressure in the back chamber of the vane to be equal to or lower than the discharge pressure to reduce the load of pressing the vane against the roller including the oil supply to the back chamber of the vane, thereby improving the compression efficiency and reliability. It is intended to try.

[0009]

Of the above-mentioned conventional techniques,
Both technologies that attempt to improve the material use silicon carbide ceramics as the vane material, and it is considered that the wear resistance of the component itself is improved.
However, it is necessary to fully consider the influence on the mating material, and it is undeniable that the mating material is inferior in productivity in terms of improving the wear resistance of the mating material and highly accurate finishing of the high hardness material.

On the other hand, the technique of controlling the pressure in the back chamber of the vane to refuel it reduces the load of pressing the vane against the roller.
Since the lubrication of the sliding part with the vane cylinder vane groove is improved, a certain effect can be expected. However,
Oil supply to the contact portion between the essential vane and the roller was not considered, and it was necessary to use a high-grade material having excellent wear resistance.

That is, generally, at the contact portion between the vane and the roller of the rotary compressor, due to the mechanical factors and the frictional force, the sliding does not occur in one direction, and the rotation direction of the crankshaft is the positive direction. Then, with respect to the vane, the roller rotates in the forward direction and in the reverse direction during one rotation of the crankshaft. Therefore, there are two times when the roller stops with respect to the vane when shifting from normal rotation to reverse rotation. When the vane and the roller are sliding relative to each other via the oil film, oil film pressure is generated, and the probability that the vane and the roller are in direct contact is reduced, and wear can be prevented. However, when stopped, the oil film pressure does not occur and the probability of direct contact increases, and the technique for improving the wear resistance as described above is required.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. Basically, the structure is such that an oil film is easily formed on a portion of the vane that abuts on the outer circumference of the roller, so that the oil film is slid. It is an object of the present invention to provide a highly reliable rotary compressor that can improve the wear resistance of the sliding portion between the vane and the roller.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, the structure of a rotary compressor according to the present invention has a structure in which an electric motor unit and a cran shaft are provided in the electric motor unit in a closed container in which lubricating oil is stored. A compression chamber formed by a cylinder and a main bearing and a bearing for closing both end surfaces of the cylinder is housed in the compression chamber, and the main and auxiliary bearings are housed in the compression chamber. A roller fitted in the eccentric portion of the crankshaft supported by the roller and abutting against the outer circumference of the roller, and reciprocating following the eccentric rotation of the front roller to partition the compression chamber into a low pressure portion and a high pressure portion. In the rotary compressor consisting of, a sliding member is arranged in the eccentric part of the crankshaft, the sliding member is fitted in the eccentric part and abuts against the inner diameter part of the roller to slide, and the roller is It is easy to rotate in the same direction as It is. Further, the contact force of the contact portion can be selected as needed.

[0014]

In the present invention, the sliding member is arranged between the eccentric portion of the crankshaft and the inner diameter portion of the roller, and the sliding member is fitted into the eccentric portion and abuts against the inner diameter portion of the roller to slide. Also, the contact force of the contact portion can be selected as required. Therefore, the frictional force between the eccentric part of the crankshaft and the inner diameter part of the roller is increased.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a rotary compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A--A of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a rotary compressor according to another embodiment, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 3, and FIG. Is.

First, a general overall structure of a rotary compressor to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

In the rotary compressor shown in FIG. 1, an electric motor section is housed in the upper part of a closed container 1 in which lubricating oil is stored, and a compression mechanism section connected to the electric motor section by a crankshaft 3 is housed in the lower section thereof. The compression mechanism section has a main bearing 2, a crankshaft 3, a cylinder 4, a vane 5, a roller 6 and an auxiliary bearing 7 as main constituent elements. The main bearing 2 is fixed to the closed container 1 by welding,
The crankshaft 3 is rotatably fitted. A roller 6 is rotatably fitted in the eccentric portion 3 a of the crankshaft 3. The cylinder 4 is fastened to the main bearing 2 with a bolt 10, and the vane 5 is slidably fitted in the vane groove 11.
The auxiliary bearing 7 is a bolt 1 together with the discharge silencer cover 12.
It is fixed to the cylinder 4 by 3. The vane 5 is pressed against the outer periphery of the roller 6 by the spring 14 with a force that balances the inertial force due to the reciprocating motion of the vane 5. The suction pipe 15 is fixed to the suction hole 21 opening in the compression chamber of the cylinder 4 provided in the seed bearing 2 by press fitting or the like, and is connected to a low-pressure pipe (not shown) outside the machine.

As described above, the seed bearing 2 and the auxiliary bearing 7 are
Supports the crankshaft 3 and closes both end surfaces of the cylinder 4 to form a compression chamber like the compression chamber space 22 shown in FIG. A roller 6 fitted into the eccentric portion 3a of the crankshaft 3 in the compression chamber, and an abutment with the outer periphery of the roller 6 reciprocate following the eccentric rotation of the roller 6 to move the compression chamber into a low pressure portion. It is equipped with a vane 5 that separates from the high-pressure section.

The electric motor portion is composed of a stator 8 and a rotor 9. The stator 8 is fixed to the closed container 1 by shrink fitting, and the rotor 9 is fixed to the crankshaft 3 by press fitting or the like.

Next, the characteristic structure of this embodiment in such a rotary compressor will be described.

1 and 2, reference numeral 19 denotes a groove provided on the outer peripheral portion of the eccentric portion 3a of the crankshaft 3. The groove 19 is brought into contact with the inner diameter portion of the roller 6 to slide the roller 6 thereon. A sliding member 20 is fitted so as to facilitate rotation in the rotation direction of the crankshaft 3.

Further, the abutting force applied for facilitating the rotation can be adjusted by giving the sliding member 20 an appropriate elastic force in the outer radial direction of the eccentric portion 3a.

The operation will be described. First, the general operation of such a rotary compressor will be described.

The rotor 9 receives the rotational force from the stator 8 and rotates the crankshaft 3. The roller 6 rotatably fitted in the eccentric portion 3 a of the crankshaft 3 eccentrically rotates in the compression chamber space 22 formed by the cylinder 4, the main bearing 2, and the auxiliary bearing, and contacts the outer periphery of the roller 6. Vane 5 is roller 6
By following the eccentric rotation and dividing the compression chamber into a low pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber and reciprocating, the steps of suction, compression and discharge are repeated. At this time, the relative movement of the roller 6 with respect to the vane 5 is as follows. That is, due to the frictional force of the contact portion between the vane 5 and the roller 6, an additional force in the forward rotation direction is generated in a certain angle range during one rotation of the crankshaft 3, and a reverse rotation is generated in another certain angle range. An additional force is generated in the direction.
Further, the frictional force of the fitting portion between the roller 6 and the eccentric portion 3a of the crankshaft 3 causes the roller 6 to receive an additional force in the forward direction. Further, an additional force in the reverse rotation direction is generated at the contact portion between the roller 6 and the inner diameter portion of the cylinder 4, and the frictional force at the contact surface between the roller 6 and the main bearing 2 and the auxiliary bearing 7 is changed between forward rotation and reverse rotation. It works as a braking force. As a result of receiving the resultant force of these forces, the roller 6 has a section rotating in the forward direction and a section rotating in the opposite direction with respect to the vane 5, as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the normal and reverse rotation directions are switched, the vane 5
On the other hand, there is a time when the roller 6 stops. The movement of the roller 6 during one rotation of the crankshaft 3 is as described above.

The refrigerant gas discharged from the discharge hole 16 into the discharge silencer 17 is discharged from the discharge low-pressure hole 18 to an external high pressure pipe (not shown) connected to a discharge pipe attached to the closed container 1 by welding or the like. To be done.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 2 and 5. Also in this embodiment, basically, the roller 6 receives an additional force in the forward and reverse directions due to the frictional force acting between the roller 6 and each component that abuts on the roller 6. However, in the present embodiment, in the groove 19 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the eccentric portion 3a of the crankshaft 3,
A sliding member 20 is fitted so as to come into contact with and slide on the inner diameter portion of the roller 6 to facilitate rotation of the roller 6 in the rotation direction of the crankshaft 3. Further, the abutting force added to facilitate rotation can be adjusted by giving the sliding member 20 an appropriate elastic force in the outer radial direction of the eccentric portion 3a. By facilitating the normal rotation of the roller 6 as described above, it becomes possible to rotate the roller 6 only in the normal rotation range as shown in FIG. 5, and it is possible to prevent the roller 6 from falling to a stopped state with respect to the vane 5. You can

According to this embodiment, the roller 6 is the crankshaft 3
It becomes easier to rotate in the same direction as the rotation direction of, and as a result, the vane 5 and the roller 6 relatively easily slide through the oil film, and the probability that the vane 5 and the roller 6 directly contact due to the oil film pressure becomes small. The wear resistance can be improved.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the essential parts of a rotary compressor according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a view on arrow B-B of FIG. 3. In the figure, those having the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are the same parts as those in the previous embodiment, and therefore their explanations are omitted.

The rotary compressor of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 has grooves 24 at both ends of the eccentric portion 3'a of the crankshaft 3 ',
A sliding member 25 having elasticity is provided so as to come into contact with the inner diameter of the roller 6 and give an additional force to the outer side in the radial direction.

According to the above-described embodiment, by providing the groove 24 in advance and mounting the sliding member 25 as needed, the roller 6 rotates in the same direction as the rotation direction of the crankshaft 3. As a result, the vane 5 and the roller 6 relatively easily slide through the oil film, and the probability that the vane 5 and the roller 6 come into direct contact with each other due to the oil film pressure is reduced, and wear resistance can be improved. .

[0033]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the vane and the roller are easily slid in one direction, the oil film pressure is effectively and easily generated, and the vane and the roller are in direct contact with each other. The probability can be reduced, and with a slight modification, the wear resistance can be basically improved in the basic structure.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a rotary compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part of a rotary compressor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a calculation example of a sliding speed of a vane and a roller during one rotation of a crankshaft in a conventional example and an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Airtight container, 2 ... Main bearing, 3, 3 '... Crankshaft, 3a, 3'a ... Eccentric part, 4 ... Cylinder, 5 ... Vane, 6 ... Roller, 7 ... Sub bearing, 19 ... Eccentric part groove, 20 ... Sliding member, 24 ... Grooves at both ends of eccentric part, 25 ... Sliding member.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An electric motor section and a compression mechanism section connected to the electric motor section by a crankshaft are housed in a sealed container in which lubricating oil is stored, and the compression mechanism section includes a cylinder and both end surfaces of the cylinder. A compression chamber formed by a main bearing and a sub bearing that are closed, a roller fitted in the eccentric portion of a crank shaft axially supported by the main bearing and the sub bearing, and an outer periphery of the roller. In a rotary compressor including a vane that contacts each other and reciprocates following the eccentric rotation of the roller to partition the compression chamber into a low-pressure portion and a high-pressure portion, a sliding member is provided in the eccentric portion of the crankshaft, The moving member abuts on the inner diameter portion of the roller fitted to the eccentric portion and slides,
A rotary compressor, characterized in that the roller is configured to easily rotate in the same direction as the rotation direction of the crankshaft. 2. The rotary compressor according to claim 1, wherein the sliding member is attached so as to have an elastic force in an outer radial direction of the crankshaft eccentric portion.