JPH07278581A - Production of solid fuel from waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a solid fuel with high combustion efficiency from wastes. CONSTITUTION:A feedstock, a water-rich waste solid containing combustible materials, is immersed in a heated oil such as animal oil, vegetable oil or mineral oil in a cooker; this system is agitated under heating using the heated oil as heating medium while the closed cooker are subjected to pressure reduction in three stages, and treated at normal pressure minus 100 to 300mmHg in the initial reduced pressure process, and at further 100 to 300mmHg reduced pressure in the medium-stage reduced pressure process, and at an absolute pressure of 10 to 60mmHg in the final reduced pressure process, thereby separating and transpirating the water in the feedstock and impregnating the feedstock texture with the oil in the cooker; the resultant feedstock is drawn off the cooker and then squeezed to remove the oil to an oil content of 10-30wt.%, thus obtaining the objective solid fuel.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing solid fuel from waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, wastes such as organic sludge, livestock excrement, animal and plant residues, and so on that have no utility value have been used for landfilling or burning to treat them. Part, the inventors of the present application have developed a dehydration treatment using oil temperature to effectively use feed, fertilizer and the like.

[0003]

However, landfill treatment cannot be easily adopted as in the past due to environmental problems, and even if it is burnt, a huge amount of equipment, fuel, etc. are required. However, there is a problem in profitability and it is difficult to adopt, and there was no problem in the conventional dehydration deoiling process with oil temperature under reduced pressure as long as it is a processed product whose purpose is limited to simple fertilizer, etc. In particular, it is insufficient to make a processed product that can be used as a fuel, and has a drawback that the processed product has a low thermal calorie and cannot be used as a fuel.

[0004]

The present invention uses, as raw materials, waste solids containing a high moisture content containing a flammable raw material, and these raw materials are used in heated oils such as animal oils, vegetable oils and mineral oils in a cooker. The heated oil is stirred and heated using the heated oil as a heat medium while reducing the pressure in the closed cooker in three steps.
0mmHg ~ 300mmHg under reduced pressure condition, then in the intermediate pressure reduction process, 100mmHg ~ 30
0mmHg is decompressed under reduced pressure conditions, and finally, in the latter stage decompression process, absolute moisture pressure of 10mmHg-60mmHg is applied under reduced pressure conditions to separate and evaporate the water content in the raw material and to remove the oil in the cooker. Impregnate the raw material structure and then take out the raw material from the cooker to obtain an oil content of 10 to 30%.
It is intended to provide a method for producing a solid fuel from waste, which is characterized by obtaining a solid matter by squeezing or deoiling up to 1.

[0005]

EXAMPLES To explain the examples of the present invention in detail, first, as a raw material, a waste solid having a high moisture content and having a combustible material is used. Specifically, there are organic sludge, surplus sludge, livestock excrement, plant residues, animal residues, etc. Other than this, flammable waste that is difficult to burn due to its high water content. Used as a raw material.

As the heated oil in the cooker, animal oil, vegetable oil, mineral oil, etc. are used.
Specifically, one or a mixture of mineral waste oil, animal and vegetable oils and fats, oil mud, tank sludge, tanker sludge, etc., which are generally unusable, is used.

The heating temperature of these oils is uniformly 70 ° C to 8 ° C.
There are cases where it is carried out at 0 ° C. and cases where it is carried out at an oil temperature corresponding to the three-stage depressurization conditions described below.

Then, the process of the three-step depressurization treatment will be described. About 40 minutes after the raw materials were put into the cooker,
A pressure of 100 mmHg to 300 mmHg is depressurized from normal pressure.
Hold at about 120 ° C.

Then, for about 40 to 50 minutes thereafter, another 1
The pressure is reduced to 00 mmHg to 200 mmHg, and the temperature in the cooker is set to 60 ° C. to 70 ° C. under this intermediate pressure reduction treatment condition, and the temperature is gradually raised from this temperature to about 100 ° C. to 120 ° C.

Then, for about 30 minutes thereafter, the pressure is further reduced to an absolute pressure of about 10 to 60 mmHg (that is, from normal pressure to 700 mm).
Up to 750 mmHg), and under the latter decompression condition, the temperature inside the cooker is about 110 ° C.
~ 120 ° C.

In the depressurizing process, a leak valve is provided in a vacuum suction pipe communicating with the cooker, and the leak valve is opened.
Adjust the pressure in the cooker while adjusting the blockage.

As described above, the raw material which has been heated under reduced pressure at the oil temperature in the cooker is taken out from the cooker and crushed or deoiled.

Oil extraction and deoiling are carried out by physically pressing with a screw press or the like, centrifuging oil with a centrifuge, or deoiling with a deoiling agent such as normal hexane. In particular, when the raw material is squeezed and deoiled, the residual oil rate of the raw material should be 10 to 30% solid.

Such a solid substance serves as a solid fuel and has a combustion efficiency of about 6500 Kcal per 1 Kg weight.

The heating oil in the cooker is 20% to 6% of oil mud, tank sludge, tanker sludge, etc.
When a solid combustible material having a relatively low water content of 40% to 60% is added to a material containing 0% water and the above three-step treatment is performed, a solid fuel with stable combustion efficiency is obtained. be able to.

In another embodiment, as a condition of three-stage depressurization, the temperature inside the cooker is set to about 110 ° C. for about 40 minutes after the raw materials are put into the cooker, and the pressure inside the cooker is 10 to 10 from the normal pressure. Reduce the pressure by 20 mmHg. Then about 4
During 0 minutes, the pressure is further reduced by 100 to 200 mmHg, and the temperature inside the cooker is once lowered to 60 to 70 ° C., and then gradually raised from the middle to rise to about 120 ° C.

Next, for about 30 minutes, the absolute pressure is 10 mmHg.
Reduce the pressure by -20 mmHg and keep the temperature inside the cooker at about 120 ° C.

The embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above, and in the initial depressurization process, after the raw material is charged, the raw material is heated by the temperature in the cooker to raise the product temperature. The temperature inside the cooker is about 100 ° C. at the same time, and at the same time, the water contained in the oil or mixed with the oil is evaporated. At this point, the middle-stage depressurization process started, and the temperature inside the cooker once dropped due to further depressurization, but the product temperature of the raw material remained at the initial depressurization stage, and the temperature inside the cooker gradually increased from this point onward. And, if the decompression is increased, the specific gravity of the water content in the surface layer of the raw material tissue becomes lower than that of oil,
The water gradually evaporates, and the water contained in the surface layer of the raw material structure is dehydrated.

Then, by depressurizing in the latter stage close to vacuum, the water in the central portion of the raw material tissue was dehydrated by passing through the surface layer of the raw material tissue that was dehydrated previously, and at the same time, the oil in the cooker was also dehydrated. A solid containing a certain amount of oil that has penetrated into the raw material tissue, resulting in the replacement of water with oil in the raw material tissue, impregnating the raw material tissue with oil, and removing the water content. It becomes a thing.

Therefore, the solid fuel thus completed becomes a combustible substance in which the raw material structure itself is dehydrated, and the dehydrated oil impregnated in the raw material structure also serves as a part of the fuel, so that the solid fuel having good combustion efficiency is obtained. There is an effect that can be used as fuel.

[0021]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, since the raw material is the waste solid containing a large amount of water containing the combustible material, the raw material which has been conventionally disposed of can be used as an effective fuel. In addition, since various oils can be used as a heat medium as a heat medium, it can be processed at a low cost, and since the depressurization conditions during the heat treatment are set to three stages, water vaporizes the product temperature of the raw material at the initial depressurization stage. Water that has risen to an easy temperature and evaporates the water contained in the oil or mixed with the oil, and the specific gravity of the oil is made smaller than that of water in the middle decompression stage, and the water impregnated in the surface layer of the raw material structure is impregnated. Is dehydrated, the water impregnated in the center of the raw material structure is dehydrated in the latter stage of decompression, and the oil is replaced to impregnate the raw material with oil as a heat medium effective for fuel, and Due to the characteristics of flammable materials as raw materials, Has the effect of a good solid fuels burn efficiency.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cooker in which a waste water-containing waste solid material containing a flammable material is used as a raw material, and these raw materials are immersed in heated animal oil, vegetable oil, mineral oil or the like in a cooker and sealed. The heated oil is stirred and heated as a heat medium while decompressing the inside in three stages, and in the initial decompression process, the pressure is reduced from normal pressure to 100 mmHg to 300 mmHg under reduced pressure conditions, and then the medium-term decompression process. In this case, 100 mmHg to 300 mmHg was further depressurized under the depressurized condition.
The water content in the raw material is separated and evaporated by performing the treatment under a reduced pressure condition of 0 mmHg to 60 mmHg, and the oil in the cooker is impregnated into the raw material structure, and then the raw material is taken out from the cooker to obtain an oil content of 10 to 30%. A method for producing a solid fuel from waste, characterized in that solid matter is obtained by squeezing or deoiling.