JPH07276548A - Water permeability base - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a water permeability base such as a scaffold plate for construction work or a staircase or a porch or a floor material for a pool side which is used at a place where water permeability/drainage properties are required to drain reliably with directivity. CONSTITUTION:To provide a water permeability base obtained by sticking a water permeability plate 20 covering a draining trench 11 to a basic material 10 in the surface of which a large number of draining trenches 11 are formed. The draining trench 11 is inclined. Various porous plates such as rubbers plastics possessing an interconnecting cell are used as the water permeability plate 20.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to scaffolding boards for construction, stairs,
Water-permeable base material used in places where water permeability and drainage are required, such as balconies and floors for poolsides, especially water-permeable base materials that can be reliably drained with directivity and have increased versatility. It concerns materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Some of the floor plates and floors used for clothes hangers, balconies, balconies, etc. are equipped with a water-permeable rug. For example, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 1-247649 discloses a floor plate which improves drainage from a water-permeable rug and can be securely fixed to a structure by inserting a fixing tool into the floor plate. And a floor is disclosed.

In the floor board disclosed in this publication, a rug plate made of a material having rigidity and water permeability is laid on a substrate in which concave grooves and ridges are repeatedly formed. A connecting groove is formed in the side edge portion, and a connecting protrusion that is fitted into the connecting groove is formed in the other side edge portion.

The grooves and ridges on the substrate are formed by extruding a hard vinyl chloride resin. Further, the rug plate is made of a water-permeable inorganic material having communication holes, for example, a plate obtained by pouring a raw material prepared by mixing metal powder and fiber into ceramic powder into a form into a slurry, solidifying it, and then baking it at a high temperature. In the form of a sheet, it is fixed to the ridge of the substrate.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
The floor plate disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 7649 is configured such that water such as rainwater or sprinkling water permeates the rug plate and drops into the groove of the substrate, and flows in the groove in the longitudinal direction for drainage. is there.

However, since the groove portion of the floor plate disclosed in the above publication is horizontal, it has no directivity, and the water dropped in the groove is not reliably drained from the groove, and the groove is not surely drained. When the inside was filled with water and the amount of rainfall was large, the water could not be dropped into the groove and sometimes overflowed onto the rug plate. In order to forcibly drain the water drip in the groove, it is possible to make the installation surface of the floor plate a slope, but such construction is not only troublesome, but it is also wide like a poolside. In a place, there is a problem that the floor surface is undulated and it becomes difficult to walk.

Further, the generally disclosed water-permeable plate is
Water such as rainwater or sprinkling water on the walking surface is made to permeate, and is not versatile. That is, culvert
If used as a retaining wall material or as a retaining wall material, the permeable plate will be clogged, and the permeable function will be reduced or lost.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a water-permeable base material which has directivity and can be surely drained, and which has general versatility.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems] A first means for achieving the above object is to laminate a water-permeable plate covering a drain groove on a plate-shaped base material having a large number of inclined drain grooves formed on its surface. Is a water-permeable base material.

A second means for achieving the above object is the water permeable substrate as described in the first means, wherein the water permeable plate is made of one or more materials selected from rubber, resin and inorganic material. Is a water-permeable base material which is any one of a net state, a work cloth, a non-woven cloth, a porous material, a perforated plate, and a foam having open cells.

A third means for achieving the above object is
The water-permeable base material is characterized in that a large number of rods orthogonal to the drain grooves, a net, and a filter cloth are laminated on a base material having a large number of drain grooves formed therein.

[0012]

According to the first means, the rainwater that has penetrated into the drainage channel is forcibly discharged to the lower side due to the inclination.

According to the above-mentioned third means, the culvert (underdrain) or the soil containing the stones or the soil using the FFU cement granulation product is constructed so as to be retained on the surface of the filter cloth. Can be used as a retaining wall material.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The basic structure of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a water-permeable base material in a specific embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the water-permeable base material of FIG.

In each figure, 10 is a large number of drainage grooves 11
It is a plate-shaped base material formed with. In the base material 10 used in the present embodiment, the drainage grooves 11 are provided only in a straight line and have no intersecting portions, and are all provided in parallel. Also drainage 1
As shown in FIG. 2, the depth of 1 is inclined from one to the other so that a gentle flow gradient is provided. Drainage 11
By inclining, the rainwater that has penetrated into the drainage channel 11 can be forcibly discharged to a lower side, and the flow efficiency can be improved.

The base material 10 is made of rubber plate, resin plate, F
RP (Fiber Reinforce Plastic), synthetic wood and other organic materials, or inorganic materials such as concrete, ceramics, unglazed, ceramics, metals, etc., as well as laminates and mixtures of these, which have relatively high strength, are selected. .

Reference numeral 20 denotes a water-permeable plate laminated and bonded to the base material 10 so as to cover or block the drainage groove 11, and various materials are selected depending on the application. The material of the water permeable plate 20 is rubber,
In addition to organic substances such as resins, simple substances of inorganic materials such as concrete, slate, ceramics, metals, etc., or laminates and mixtures thereof are applicable. The requirement for the material of the water permeable plate 20 is that water can pass through. Therefore, the form of the water-permeable plate 20 may be, for example, a mesh body,
Woven or non-woven fabrics, porous materials, porous plates, foams having open cells, etc. are considered.

The water-permeable plate 20 may also be a method of loosely bonding appropriate particles or the like with an appropriate binder and imparting water permeability by utilizing the gap formed between the particles. Granules and the like used in the above configuration include crushed vulcanized rubber typified by tires and belts, crushed urethane resin and vinyl chloride resin typified by automobile interior and exterior parts, cork oak and Granules of natural materials such as coconut are included. Further, urethane resin, epoxy resin, or the like can be used as the binder.

The water permeable plate 20 is provided in order to increase the ease of walking.
It is desirable to have some cushioning properties. From this point of view, when the material of the water-permeable plate 20 is selected, it is recommended that a vulcanized rubber or a crushed product of urethane foam resin is solidified with a binder of urethane resin and molded into a predetermined shape.

Since the water-permeable base material of the present invention is formed by joining the water-permeable plate 20 and the base material 10, a perforated plate made of rubber or plastic, or a relatively thick net made of various materials such as a net. Even a material having low rigidity can be adopted as the water permeable plate 20.

The method for producing the water-permeable substrate is arbitrary, but the preferred procedure is as follows. That is, the base material 10 and the water-permeable plate 20 having the above-described configurations are separately molded, and then the both are bonded. As the forming method of the base material 10, for example, a drawing method is used when FRP is adopted, a press molding method is used by a vulcanizing press when rubber is used, and a mold or a mold is used when cement is used. Can be adopted. According to these molding methods, the drain groove 11 can be formed simultaneously with the molding of the base material 10. When synthetic wood is used as the material, it is also possible to form a plate-shaped member and then excavate, grind, or cut the groove with a machine tool such as an end mill or a grinder.

Regarding the width a and the depth b of the drainage groove 11, it is preferable that the drainage groove 11 is wide and deep as long as it does not affect the strength as a whole, because the drainage capacity is improved. However, if the width a is excessively wide, the water-permeable plate 20 will cause the drain groove 11 to be depressed when a person steps on it.
It may fall inside and give a feeling of instability. In particular, the water-permeable base material used on the pool side, which is often stepped on with bare feet, has a feeling when stepped on, which is one of the important product performances and is an item to be considered. Whether or not the water permeable plate 20 falls into the drain groove 11 when stepped on depends on the thickness of the water permeable plate 20, and even if the width and depth of the water drain groove 11 are the same, If it is thin, the water-permeable plate 20 will be the drain 1
It dents in 1.

Then, the recommended values of the width and the depth of the drainage groove 11 and the experiments conducted for determining these values will be described. Here, the width X as the base material 10
Having a thickness of 300 mm and a thickness Y of 30 mm and having different widths a, a large number of synthetic woods having different widths a are used. I made a prototype. The results of the sensation test when a person weighing about 60 kg walks bare feet on the water-permeable base material are shown in (Table 1), (Table 2) and (Table 3). This sensation test shows the necessary characteristics when used on the pool side. ○ indicates that no dent was felt at all, Δ indicates that the dent was slightly felt, and X indicates that the dent was completely felt. Expressed as

[0024]

[Table 1]

[0025]

[Table 2]

[0026]

[Table 3]

From the results of this sensation test, it can be seen that the feeling of depression of the water permeable plate 20 has a high correlation with the width a of the drainage groove 11, but is not affected by the depth b of the drainage groove 11. Further, the limit of the width a of the drainage groove 11 depending on whether or not a person feels the water permeable plate 20 to fall is t, where t is the thickness of the water permeable plate 20.
It can be seen that ≦ a ≦ 1.5t. That is, when the width a of the drainage groove 11 is narrower than the thickness t of the water permeable plate 20, in any of (Table 1), (Table 2) and (Table 3), the water permeable plate 20 is depressed when stepped on. I don't feel any depression. On the contrary, if the width a of the drainage groove 11 is wider than 1.5 times the thickness t of the water permeable plate 20, the depression of the water permeable plate 20 is clearly felt when stepped on.

Therefore, the width a of the drainage groove 11 is "a≤1.5.
t "is desirable. More preferably, “a ≧
t ”, and the most desirable width a of the drainage groove 11 is
It is recommended to be 80 to 100% or less of the thickness of the water permeable plate 20. However, if the width a of the drainage groove 11 is 2 mm or less, it becomes difficult for water to flow, so setting the width a of the drainage groove 11 to 2 mm or less should be avoided. As described above, since the depth b of the drainage groove 11 does not affect the body sensation, it is recommended as a design guideline to appropriately determine the depth b according to the required drainage capacity.

Further, the cross-sectional shape of the drainage groove 11 may be, for example, an uphill shape, a U shape or a V shape. The cross-sectional shape to be recommended here is when the drainage groove 11 is formed by cutting or the like, and is a U-shaped material made of a material such as plastic or metal capable of finishing the processed surface smoothly. The kite-shaped type is preferable for materials such as concrete whose finished surface is rough. The V-shape is not efficient in flowing water regardless of the material.

The pitch W of the drainage grooves 11 is preferably 2 to 5 times the width a of the drainage grooves 11 if the groove patterns are parallel as shown in FIG. It may also vary depending on the type of the water permeable plate 20. For example, if the base material 10 is an FRP pultruded product, the allowable range of the pitch W is wider than in the normal case, and the drain groove 11
If the pitch W is 1.2 times or more of the width a, good results can be obtained.

The groove pattern of the drainage groove 11 is the maximum factor that determines the drainage direction, and is determined by the construction site of the water-permeable base material and the like. The water-permeable base material that covers the drainage grooves 11 formed in the length direction of the base material 10 with the water-permeable plate 20 shown in FIG. 1 can also be used, for example, as a scaffolding plate for general construction. Rainwater is a water permeable plate 20
Permeate into the drainage groove 11 to be forcibly guided to a desired location for drainage, and rainwater does not collect on the surface of the water permeable plate 20. Therefore, slipping accidents due to rainwater are prevented. Further, even if an automobile or the like is passed over the water-permeable base material, an accident due to a hydroplaning phenomenon or the like can be prevented.

Next, another modified embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a plan view of another modified embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a construction site. Base material 1 used in this modified embodiment
The drainage groove 0 of 0 has a deformed lattice shape. That is, drainage 11
Is composed of four longitudinal grooves 13 and intersecting grooves 14 orthogonal to the longitudinal grooves 13. All the longitudinal grooves 13 are provided at equal intervals. The longitudinal groove 13 is inclined and a flow gradient is formed toward one side.

The cross grooves 14 are designed so that the distance between them becomes smaller toward the downstream side of the longitudinal groove 13. The reason why the distance between the cross grooves 14 is designed to be smaller in the downstream direction is that the water in the surroundings is collected and the water amount increases in the downstream direction, so that the flow rate in the longitudinal groove 13 can be made uniform more quickly. This is because it is necessary.

In the water-permeable base material of this embodiment, rainwater can be guided to a desired place and drained without forming a slope for drainage on the floor surface. The water-permeable base material in which the water-permeable plate 20 is adhered to the base material 10 is recommended for an approach, a veranda, construction on stairs, or the like.

FIG. 4 shows an example in which the water-permeable base material of this embodiment is applied to a stairway having a groove 31 formed in its side portion. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, a groove 31 is formed on the side of the staircase 30.
A water-permeable base material is installed on the tread surface of the stairs 30 so that the water in the drainage groove 11 flows into the interior. That is, the inclination of the drainage groove 11 is made lower in the direction of the groove 31 of the stairs 30. Rainwater that has penetrated from the water-permeable plate 20 of the water-permeable base material into the deformed grid-shaped drainage grooves 11 is caused by the inclination of the drainage grooves 11 to form the grooves 3 of the stairs 30.
It is forcibly guided toward 1, and is drained into the groove 31.

FIG. 5 shows a third modification, and FIG. 6 shows a construction example of the third modification. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the base material 10, and FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the construction site. A large number of parallel drainage grooves 11 are formed in the short side direction on the base material 10 used in this embodiment, and the drainage grooves 11 are inclined to one side, and a recess 12 is formed at each lowered end. A water-permeable base material having a water-permeable plate 20 adhered to the base material 10 having the drainage grooves 11 formed thereon can be applied to the stairs 30 as shown in FIG.

In the staircase 30 in which the water-permeable base material of the third modified example is applied, a groove 31 is formed in the deep part of the tread surface.
Therefore, the recess 12 formed in the drainage groove 11 of the base material 10
The water-permeable base material is installed on the tread of the stairs so that the water-soluble base material faces the groove 31 of the stairs. The rainwater that has penetrated into the drainage grooves 11 of the water-permeable base material is forcibly guided in the inclined drainage grooves 11 toward the recesses 12, and is drained into the grooves 31 of the stairs 30.

Next, FIG. 7 shows a fourth modification, and FIG. 8 shows a construction example of the fourth modification. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the base material 10, and FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the construction site. A large number of parallel drainage grooves 11 are formed in the short side direction in the base material 10 used in this embodiment, and recesses 12 are formed at both ends of the drainage groove 11. The inclination of the drainage groove 11 forms, for example, all the flow gradients in the same direction or alternately or in the right half and the left half in different directions. As described above, since the drain groove 11 can have various inclinations, the base material drain groove 11 shown in FIG. 8 is not inclined.

Base material 10 having such drainage grooves 11 formed
As shown in FIG. 9, the water-permeable base material in which the water-permeable plate 20 is bonded to
For example, it is suitable for construction in a wide area such as poolside. The installation surface 40 of the base material 10 forms a groove 41 corresponding to the long side of the water-permeable base material, that is, the base material 10. Drainage 1
The water that has penetrated into the inside of the groove 1 is guided to the recesses 12 at both ends, and the water flows into the groove 4
1 can be drained to the desired location.

Next, FIG. 9 shows an example of a water-permeable base material in which the structure of the base material 10 is changed. FIG. 9 is a partial sectional perspective view.
This water-permeable base material is a base material 1 in which inclined drainage grooves 11 are formed.
No. 0 is an FRP pultruded product, and a water-permeable plate 20 is made of water-permeable ceramic, and the base material 10 and the water-permeable plate 20 are bonded and integrated with an epoxy adhesive. In the base material 10, for example, three E-shaped FRP channels 15 are integrated by an epoxy-based adhesive, and each FRP channel 15 is integrated.
The concave portion is used as the drainage groove 11.

However, instead of the FRP pultrusion molded product as the base material 10, concrete (cement) is used to form the drainage groove 1.
It is also possible to mold 1. Base material made of concrete 10
The water-permeable base material using can be used for platforms and the like. Water-permeable plate 2 when used on a platform
In order to secure safety, 0 is preferable to use a material having a large friction resistance even when wet and a long abrasion resistance so as to have a long wear resistance.

Next, FIG. 10 shows an example of a water-permeable base material in which the structure of the water-permeable plate is changed. FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the water-permeable base material in this modified example. The present example shows an example of using the water-permeable base material as a water collecting wall. The water-permeable base material is the base material 1 as in the previous embodiment.
The water permeable plate 20 is joined to the surface on which the drainage groove 11 of No. 0 is formed.
A large number of rods 21, nets 22, and filter cloths 23 that are bonded to 0 are laminated.

The base material 10 is, for example, synthetic wood having a width of 300 mm, a thickness of 20 mm and a length of 1000 mm, and a width of 7 mm,
There is a drainage groove 11 having a depth of 7 mm. In this embodiment, the pitch of the drainage grooves 11 is about 14 mm. Drainage 11
50mm from the bottom edge of the through hole with a diameter of 7mm 1
6 is provided. The rod 21 is a regular square pole having a side of 20 mm, a length of 300 mm to match the width of the base material 10, a pitch of 20 mm, and the rod 21 is bonded to the base material 10 by an epoxy adhesive.

In FIG. 10, the drawing does not correspond to the above dimensions in order to emphasize the characteristic portion. The net 22 joined on the rod 21 is, for example, a 6-mesh stainless steel net. The filter cloth 23 joined to the net 22 is made of, for example, polyester, nylon, or glass fiber having the same characteristics as those, and has a thickness of about 2 to 5 mm. Rod 2
1, the net 22 and the filter cloth 23 are made of an epoxy adhesive to form the base material 10, the rod 21 and the net 2 respectively.
Adhere to 2.

The water-permeable base material thus constructed is used as a culvert or a retaining wall material. For example, in FIG.
As shown in (2), the soil containing the stones and the soil using the FFU cement granulated product are constructed so as to be retained on the surface of the filter cloth 23. In this embodiment, the synthetic wood used as the base material 10 is non-water-absorbing and has a relatively cushioning property, so that it has an effect of having little influence on frost damage.

Next, an experiment carried out to confirm the effect of the water-permeable base material of this embodiment shown in FIG. 10 will be described. That is, the present inventors produced a box body 50 as shown in FIG. 11 in order to confirm whether or not the water-permeable base material of this example actually has a drainage capacity. The box body 50 has a bottom portion sealed with synthetic wood with the surface of the filter cloth 23 inside. It was confirmed that the interior 51 of the box 50 was filled with horticultural soil such as mulch and 10 liters of water was poured to drain water from the through holes 16 formed in the base material 10.

[0047]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The water-permeable base material according to claim 1 has an excellent effect that the water flow efficiency can be improved even if the width of the drain groove is narrow because the inclined drain groove is formed in the base material. . Therefore, it is not necessary to form a slope for drainage on the balcony, stairs, etc., so that the workability of the balcony, stairs, etc. is improved.

Furthermore, since the water-permeable base material according to claim 3 can be used as a culvert or a retaining wall material, its versatility is broadened.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a water-permeable substrate according to a specific example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a water permeable substrate according to a specific example of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a base material according to a modified embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a water-permeable base material having the base material shown in FIG. 3 of the present invention and a construction site.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a base material according to another modification of the present invention.

6 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a water-permeable base material having the base material shown in FIG. 5 of the present invention and a construction site.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a base material according to another modification of the present invention.

8 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a water-permeable base material having the base material shown in FIG. 7 of the present invention and a construction site.

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a water permeable substrate according to another modification of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a water-permeable base material and a construction site according to another modified example of the present invention.

11 is a perspective view of the water permeable substrate of FIG. 10 when tested.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 base material 11 drainage ditch 20 water permeable plate

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location B32B 27/06 8413-4F E04F 15/02 R 7416-2E

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A water-permeable base material comprising a plate-shaped base material having a large number of inclined drainage grooves formed on a surface thereof, and a water-permeable plate covering the drainage grooves laminated on the base material. 2. The water-permeable substrate according to claim 1, wherein the water-permeable plate is made of one or more materials selected from rubber, resin, and an inorganic material, and the form thereof is a net state, a work cloth, a non-work cloth, a porous material. A water-permeable base material, which is one of a porous material, a perforated plate, and a foam having open cells. 3. A water-permeable base material, comprising: a base material having a large number of drainage grooves, a plurality of rods orthogonal to the drainage grooves, a net, and a filter cloth laminated on each other.