JPH072741Y2 - Hydraulic excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a hydraulic excavator in which a work tool such as a basket or a breaker is attached to the tip of a work device for use.

[Prior art]

Generally, a hydraulic excavator is equipped with a basket at the tip of a work device for excavating earth and sand. However, a hydraulically operated breaker may be used for repairing an asphalt road or breaking a building foundation.

That is, FIG. 4 is an external view of a hydraulic excavator equipped with a bucket. In FIG. 4, 1 is a hydraulic excavator, which is provided on a lower traveling body 2 and on the lower traveling body 2 so as to be rotatable. The upper revolving superstructure 3 and a working device 4 provided on the upper revolving superstructure 3 so as to be able to move up and down. The working device 4 is provided with a bucket 5 for excavating earth and sand as a working tool. There is. An engine 6, a hydraulic pump 7 driven by the engine 6, a hydraulic oil tank 8 for storing hydraulic oil supplied by the hydraulic pump 7, and the like are provided inside the upper revolving structure 3. A hydraulic oil filter 8A for filtering the dust in the return oil from each actuator is built in the inside of 8.

On the other hand, FIG. 5 shows a hydraulic excavator equipped with a hydraulically operated breaker. The same components as those in FIG. 4 are designated by the same reference numerals. 9 is attached as a work tool. Here, the breaker 9 is adapted to vibrate and drive the chisel 9A by means of a piston (not shown) provided inside the breaker 9. Therefore, the breaker 9 has a control valve 10 for switching pressure oil to the piston. It is provided.

Further, FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of the hydraulic circuit for breaker and hour meter. The piston of the breaker 9 is connected to the hydraulic pump 7 and the hydraulic oil tank 8 via the control valve 10, and the control valve 10 is rotated upward. Switching control is performed by pilot pressure from a foot-operated breaker operating valve 11 provided in the operator's cab 3A of the body 3.

Further, in FIG. 6, reference numeral 12 is an engine operation detector for detecting the operation state of the engine 6, and the engine operation detector 12 detects a pressure sensor for detecting the oil pressure of the engine 6 and the rotation of the output shaft. A rotation sensor or the like is used. 13 is a resettable engine hour meter for integrating the operating time H _e of the engine 6 by the detection signal E _e from the engine operation detector 12, intended by the hour meter 13 for measuring a cumulative operation time of the engine 6 , Is provided so as to be visible in the cab 3A.

Further, in FIG. 6, 14 is a breaker operation detector that detects the operation state of the breaker 9, and the breaker operation detector 14 is provided in the pilot pipe between the breaker operation valve 11 and the control valve 10. Pressure sensor to detect pilot pressure,
A limit switch attached to the breaker operation valve 11 is used. Reference numeral 15 is a resettable breaker hour meter that integrates the operating time H _b of the breaker 9 according to a detection signal E _b from the breaker operation detector 14, and the hour meter 15
Is to measure the cumulative operating time of the breaker 9,
It is installed visually in the cab 3A.

The prior art is configured as described above. Compared to a case where excavation work or the like is performed using the bucket 5 or the like as the work tool, when the road asphalt repair work or the like is performed using the breaker 9 as the work tool. And severe operating conditions are required, and the external load increases. For this reason, the working oil deteriorates early due to an increase in the oil temperature, wear powder and the like are likely to be generated in the piston of the breaker 9, and the working oil is heavily contaminated.
Replace the hydraulic oil and hydraulic oil filter 8A earlier,
The exchange interval must be shortened.

Therefore, in the prior art, the engine operation detector 12 detects the operation of the engine 6, and the hour meter 13 detects the operation of the engine 6.
The operating time H _e of the
The operation of the breaker 9 is detected at 14, the operating time _Hb of the breaker 9 is integrated by the hour meter 15, and the hydraulic oil replacement interval T is obtained based on the following equation.

That is, the hydraulic oil exchange interval when the hydraulic excavator 1 is used only for normal excavation work using the bucket 5 is C _n
When the hydraulic oil replacement interval when only the breaker 9 is continuously used is C _b , for example, the actual work ratio of the breaker 9 to the bucket 5 is η (η ≦ 1)
Then, Therefore, the hydraulic oil change interval T is Is calculated as

Then, for example, replacement interval C _n of the hydraulic oil, C _b is 1000h _r (time), respectively, in the case of 600h _r obtains such characteristic line 16 indicated by a solid line in FIG. 7 on the basis of the equation (2) be able to. Further, the replacement interval T of the hydraulic oil filter 8A is also calculated by the above formula (2), and the replacement intervals C _n and C _{b of} the hydraulic oil filter 8A are 1100 h _r and 600, respectively.
When h _r , a characteristic line 17 as shown by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 7 can be obtained.

Then, the operator of the hydraulic excavator 1 uses the hour meter 1
And a working time H _b of the working time H _e and breaker 9 of the engine 6 by 3,15, the actual work rate eta, calculated as _{η = H b / H e ......} (3), for example, in the case of eta = 0.4 , that is, when the operation time H _b of the breaker 9 is 40% with respect to operation time H _e of the engine 6, from FIG. 7 of the characteristic lines 16, 17 for example are pasted to the cab 3A, the engine 6 operation time H _e is determined replacement timing of the hydraulic oil on whether exceeds about 770h _r, operation time H _e
There has been possible to determine the replacement timing of the hydraulic oil filter 8A in whether exceeds about 810h _r.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

However, in the prior art described above, the engine 6 by hour meter 13, 15 workers of the hydraulic excavator 1 is provided in the cab 3A, the actual operating time H _e of the breaker 9, the H _b by the expression (3) The work ratio η of the work oil η is obtained, and the work oil η and the work oil filter 8A are to be replaced based on the characteristic lines 16 and 17 shown in FIG. It has the drawback of spending extra effort and time on the task of doing.

Further, the (2) can be calculated replacement interval T of the hydraulic oil and hydraulic filter 8A from the equation, the operator must perform based on the calculation operation time H _e, the H _b, etc.,
It becomes a troublesome work. Especially, since the hydraulic oil and the hydraulic oil filter 8A have different replacement timings, for example, if the hour meters 13 and 15 are reset when the hydraulic oil is replaced, it becomes difficult to determine the replacement timing of the hydraulic oil filter 8A. However, the hydraulic oil or the hydraulic oil filter 8A has a drawback that it can be used as it is even after the replacement time, and it may cause a failure of hydraulic equipment or the like.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and it is possible to automatically calculate and notify the replacement time of the hydraulic oil or the hydraulic oil filter, and to make the operator surely perform the replacement. The present invention is to provide a hydraulic excavator capable of performing.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The features of the configuration adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems are engine operation detecting means for detecting the operation of the engine, breaker operation detecting means for detecting the operation of the breaker when the breaker is attached and used, Storage means for storing the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank when using the breaker or the exchange of the operating filter, and a storage means for storing the operating oil or the exchange interval of the operating oil filter when using a work tool other than the breaker, The engine operating time detected by the engine operation detecting means and the breaker operating time detected by the breaker operation detecting means are integrated, and the operating oil or the operating oil in the operating oil tank is based on each replacement interval stored by the storage means. A calculation means for calculating the replacement time of the filter and a calculation means for calculating the replacement time. Consisting of the replacement timing informing means for informing the exchange period.

[Action]

With the above configuration, the replacement time of the hydraulic oil or the hydraulic oil filter can be automatically calculated based on the respective operation times detected by the engine operation detection means and the breaker operation detection means, and when the replacement time is reached, the operation of the hydraulic excavator is started. A person or the like can be notified that the fluid should be replaced, and the crotch of the hydraulic fluid or the hydraulic fluid filter can be reliably performed.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. Incidentally, in the embodiment, the above-mentioned FIGS.
The same components as those in the prior art shown in the figure are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the figure, 21 is an engine key as a start switch provided in the cab 3A of the upper swing body 3, and 22 is the engine swing body 3.
Shows a control unit as a control device provided in the operator's cab 3A or the like, the control unit 22 is configured by a microcomputer or the like, the input side of which is the engine key 21, the engine operation detector 12 and the breaker operation detector 14 It is connected, and its output side is connected to a replacement time indicating device 23 described later. The control unit 22 stores the program shown in FIG. 3 in its storage circuit, calculates the replacement timing of the hydraulic oil or the hydraulic oil filter 8A, etc., and outputs an operation signal to the replacement timing instruction device 23. It is becoming like this.

Further, in the storage circuit of the control unit 22, a hydraulic oil or a hydraulic oil filter 8A when the hydraulic excavator 1 is used only for normal excavation work is stored in a storage area 22A such as ROM or RAM constituting the storage means. The replacement interval C _n , the replacement interval C _b of the hydraulic oil or the hydraulic oil filter 8A when only the breaker 9 is used are stored in the memory, and the detection signals E _e , E _b from the operation detectors 12, 14 are stored. sequentially engine 6 are integrated, counts the operation time H _e, H _b of the breaker 9 based on the counter, the (3) memory for storing the actual work rate η of the circuit breaker 9 by an equation and the equation (2) A memory or the like for storing the hydraulic oil or the replacement interval T of the hydraulic oil filter 8A is stored.

Further, reference numeral 23 denotes a replacement timing indicating device as a notifying means provided in the driver's cab 3A of the upper revolving structure 3, and the indicating device is operated by an operation signal output from the control unit 22, and is a hydraulic oil or a hydraulic oil filter. Each of the replacement times is displayed individually, for example, by an alarm lamp or the like to notify the driver or the like.

The hydraulic excavator according to the present embodiment has the above-described structure, and there is no particular difference in the basic operation thereof from the conventional art.

Therefore, with respect to the processing operation by the control unit 22, for example, the operation timing calculation process of the hydraulic oil is taken as an example to
It will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, when the processing operation is started, it is determined in step 1 whether or not the engine key 21 is ON. When the determination is "NO", the engine key 21 is OFF, so the processing is ended. When it is determined to be "YES" in step 1, the process moves to step 2, the above-mentioned hydraulic oil replacement intervals C _n and C _b are read from the storage area 22A, and in step 3, the operation detectors 12 and 14 detect them. signal E _n, reads the E _b, integrates operating time H _e of the engine 6 and the breaker 9, the H _b in the counter proceeds to step 4.

Next, in step 5, the actual work ratio η according to the formula (3) is calculated, and in step 6, the hydraulic oil according to the formula (2) is calculated based on the work ratio η and the replacement intervals C _n and C _b. It calculates the replacement interval T of, operating time H _e of the engine 6 moves to step 7 is equal to or the replacement interval T or more. And step 7
When it is determined to be “YES”, the process proceeds to step 8 to output an operation signal to the replacement timing instruction device 23 to operate it.
Notify the operator such as the driver that the hydraulic oil has reached the time of replacement. Then, it is determined whether the hydraulic oil is replaced in step 9, to reset to zero the operation time H _e, H _b in step 10 in the case of "YES". Also, in steps 7 and 9, `` N
If it is determined to be "O", the processing from step 1 is continued.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, for example, the control unit 22 calculates the replacement timing of the hydraulic oil, and when the replacement timing is reached, the replacement timing indicating device 23 is activated to ensure that the operator replaces the hydraulic oil. As described in the prior art, the operator can change the hydraulic oil without spending extra effort and time, and it is possible to reliably prevent the breakdown of hydraulic equipment, etc., and to improve the operating performance of the hydraulic excavator. It has various effects such that it can be improved.

In the program shown in FIG. 3, steps 4 to 7 are specific examples of the arithmetic means which is a constituent feature of the present invention. Steps 9 and 10 may be performed manually by an operator, or a detection switch may be provided on the cap of the hydraulic oil tank 8 or the like to change the hydraulic oil depending on whether the detection switch is repeatedly turned on and off. determined, the operation time H _e, may be zero reset H _b when replaced.

Further, in the description of the processing operation shown in FIG. 3 described above, the replacement timing calculation processing of the hydraulic oil has been described as an example, but it goes without saying that the replacement timing calculation processing of the hydraulic oil filter 8A can be performed by the same processing. is there.

Furthermore, in the embodiment, the control valve 10 is described as a hydraulic control valve that operates by the pilot pressure of the breaker operating valve 11, but
It may be an electromagnetic control valve operated by a breaker operation switch.

[Effect of device]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, the operation time of the engine and the breaker detected by the engine operation detecting means and the breaker operation detecting means is integrated by the calculating means to calculate the replacement time of the hydraulic oil or the hydraulic oil filter. Since the notification means is used to notify when the replacement time is reached, the operator does not need to spend extra labor and time as in the prior art, and the operator is automatically notified of the replacement time of the hydraulic oil or the hydraulic oil filter. Various effects such as notifying the machine and urging the machine to be replaced and surely preventing a failure of the hydraulic equipment and the like can be achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 3 relate to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a hydraulic circuit for a breaker and an arithmetic circuit according to this embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a control unit shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a realized storage area, FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing a calculation process of a replacement time by the control unit, FIGS. 4 to 7 are related to a conventional technique, and FIG. 4 is a state in which a bucket is mounted. Fig. 5 is an external view of the hydraulic excavator, Fig. 5 is an external view of the hydraulic excavator showing a state in which a breaker is installed, Fig. 6 is a block diagram showing a hydraulic circuit for a breaker and an hour meter, and Fig. 7 is an operation of the engine with respect to the breaker work ratio. It is a diagram which shows the relationship between time and the operating time of a breaker. 1 ... hydraulic excavator, 2 ... lower traveling body, 3 ... upper rotating body, 4 ... working device, 5 ... bucket, 6 ... engine, 7 ... hydraulic pump, 8 ... hydraulic oil tank, 9 ...... breaker, 10 ...... control valve, 11 ...... breaker operating valve, 12 ......
Engine operation detector, 13 ... Engine hour meter,
14 …… breaker operation detector, 15 …… breaker hour meter, 22 …… control unit, 23 …… replacement time indicator.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An undercarriage, a turntable provided on the undercarriage, and internally provided with an engine, a hydraulic pump operated by the engine, and a hydraulic oil tank for storing hydraulic oil supplied by the hydraulic pump. Upper revolving structure, a working device provided on the upper revolving structure so as to be able to lift and lower, and a breaker that is replaceably attached to the tip of the working device and operates by supplying pressure oil from the hydraulic pump. A hydraulic excavator consisting of an engine operation detection means for detecting the operation of the engine, a breaker operation detection means for detecting the operation of the breaker when the breaker is attached and used, and a hydraulic oil when the breaker is used. Exchange the hydraulic oil or hydraulic filter in the tank with the hydraulic oil or hydraulic oil filter when using a work implement other than the breaker. A storage means for storing an interval, an engine operating time detected by the engine operation detecting means and a breaker operating time detected by the breaker operation detecting means are integrated, and based on each exchange interval stored by the storing means, A hydraulic excavator comprising: a computing means for computing the replacement timing of the hydraulic oil or the hydraulic oil filter in the hydraulic oil tank; and a replacement timing notifying means for reporting the replacement timing calculated by the computing means.