JPH07271371A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reproduce reverberations of a keyboard musical instrument such as an acoustic piano with a high fidelity. CONSTITUTION:A struck string sound when a pedal is not stepped on and a plucking tone when the pedal is stepped on is absorbed, and stored as waveform data (a) and (b) in a waveform memory 11. When a musical tone signal is generated, waveform data (a) in a scale distinctive waveform memory 11-i corresponding to the key code KC of a pressed key are selected and when the loudness pedal is stepped on, waveform data (b) are selected. A musical tone signal generation part 10 generates a musical tone signal with the selected waveform data. Consequently, a musical tone (sound to which a resonance sound is added when the loudness pedal is stepped on) corresponding to the operation of the loudness pedal is generated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument capable of generating a resonance sound of a natural musical instrument.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A grand piano is provided with a loud pedal (damper pedal) and a shift pedal. When the loud pedal is stepped on, the damper remains elevated, so even if the key is released, the sound is not muted and the generated sound continues until it is naturally damped. That is, the sustain effect is obtained. At the same time, the other strings resonate, and the pronunciations of these strings are superimposed.

When the shift pedal is depressed, the hammer action mechanism as a whole shifts in the width direction of the piano. Generally, since a grand piano is provided with a plurality of strings for one key, when the hammer action mechanism shifts, the number of strings to be struck decreases. Therefore, when the shift pedal is depressed, the sound volume is reduced, and the resonance state is changed as the number of striking strings is reduced, so that the timbre is subtly changed.

By the way, in a general electronic musical instrument, M
Although the tone data is created by accessing the waveform data of each sound based on the IDI signal and the like, the resonance effect when the loud pedal is depressed and the timbre change when the shift pedal is depressed are not reproduced. Further, there are some which change the characteristics of the filter in accordance with the pedal operation signal to bring it closer to the tone color of the acoustic piano, but the resonance and tone color change due to pedal operation are not reproduced.

On the other hand, there is also an electronic musical instrument which mutes the string to be struck and collects and records the reverberation sound, reproduces this recorded sound by the operation signal of the loud pedal, and superimposes it on the normal keystroke reproduction sound and outputs it. Being developed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-98)
No. 294). In this type of electronic musical instrument, it is possible to add overtime sounds.

[0006]

However, the above-described conventional reverberant sound type electronic musical instrument has the following problems. Even if the string is muted, vertical vibration (vibration in the string direction) remains, so the recorded reverberation is affected by this vertical vibration. Therefore, even if such a reverberation sound and a normal string-playing sound are mixed, the reverberation sound is different from the reverberation sound of the acoustic piano.

When there are a plurality of pronunciations, the reverberation sound is simply added to each sound, but the reverberation sound of the acoustic piano does not increase in proportion to the number of pronunciations. From this point, the conventional device has a problem in reproduction of reverberant sounds when a plurality of sounds are produced.

Since the reverberation sound is simply added to the reproduced sound of the string striking, the volume changes when there is a pedal operation signal, and in particular, the pedal operation signal is turned on / off during the string striking. If so, an unnatural volume change occurs. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of reproducing the reverberation sound of a keyboard musical instrument such as an acoustic piano with high fidelity.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the invention described in claim 1, the first musical tone waveform and the pedal are depressed when the key of the keyboard instrument is depressed without depressing the pedal. A memory for storing each of the second tone waveforms when the key is pressed with, and a first memory read from the memory,
A tone signal forming means for forming a tone signal according to a second tone waveform, and selecting the first and second tone waveforms based on a key depression signal indicating a key depression and a pedal operation signal indicating an operation of the pedal. When the first and second musical tone waveforms are switched for the same key depression as the reading means for reading
Crossfading means for performing a crossfading process in a predetermined switching period.

According to the second aspect of the invention,
The crossfade means controls the combined sound volume of the first and second tone waveforms so as to match the envelope when the waveforms are not switched.

In a third aspect of the present invention, when the first and second musical tone waveforms are read after the timing of the key depression signal, the reading means reads from an address corresponding to the delay. It is characterized by

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the key depression waveform when the key of the keyboard instrument is depressed without depressing the pedal is stored, and the key depression is performed based on the tone waveform when the pedal is depressed. A memory for storing a resonance sound waveform with a reduced waveform, a tone signal forming means for forming a tone signal according to the key depression waveform and the resonance tone waveform read from the memory, and a memory for responding to a key depression signal indicating a key depression. Reading means for reading the key depression waveform and reading the resonance waveform based on a pedal-on signal indicating that the pedal is depressed;
When the resonance waveforms are read out for a plurality of key depressions, a resonance waveform volume control means for reducing the volume of each resonance waveform according to a predetermined ratio is provided.

[0013]

According to the first aspect of the invention, the second musical tone waveform has a waveform including both string striking sound and resonance sound, which is read out based on the pedal operation operation signal, and further,
Since the crossfade process is performed when switching between the first musical sound waveform (a string-sounding sound without operating the pedal) and the second musical sound waveform, a resonance signal corresponding to the pedal operation of the natural musical instrument is created.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the volume during the crossfade process is controlled so as to match the envelope when the waveform is not switched, so that the sound switching accompanying the waveform switching is smoothly performed. Become.

In the invention described in claim 3, the first,
When the second musical tone waveform is read later than the key depression timing, it is read from the address corresponding thereto, so that a musical tone signal corresponding to the passage of time from the key depression in the natural musical instrument can be formed.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the resonance sound waveform corresponding to only the resonance sound is stored, which is read according to the pedal operation signal and added to the key depression waveform. Moreover, since the sound volume is controlled according to the number of resonance sound waveforms to be added, when adding resonance sounds to a plurality of key depression waveforms, it is possible to obtain resonance sounds similar to those of a natural musical instrument.

[0017]

Embodiment A: First Embodiment (Configuration of the First Embodiment) A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that this embodiment is an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a sound deadening piano in which a sound deadening mechanism that does not strike a string even if a key is pressed is incorporated in a grand piano. Further, as a piano incorporating a sound deadening mechanism, for example, the present applicant has proposed Japanese Patent Application No. 4-279470, Japanese Patent Application No. 5-157934 (both have not been published). Of these, Japanese Patent Application No. 5-157934 is provided with a stopper for preventing the rotation of the hammer, and the stopper can be moved between a position that prevents the rotation of the hammer and a position that does not prevent the rotation of the hammer. It is shown that the stopper is electrically moved by using a driving motor or the like that operates accordingly.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the first embodiment. In this figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a keyboard portion, which is composed of a plurality of keys, a hammer action mechanism, various sensors and the like. FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing the key 1b in the keyboard section 1, and as shown in the figure, a plate-like shutter KS is provided below the key 1b. The key sensor KS is provided on the upper surface of the shelf plate 1c facing the shutter KS.
E is provided. The key sensor KSE is provided with photo interrupters vertically spaced apart by a predetermined distance (not shown). When the key 1b is pressed, the upper photo interrupter is shielded from light first, and then the lower photo interrupter is shielded from light. . On the contrary, when the key is released, the lower photo interrupter first becomes the light receiving state, and then the upper photo interrupter becomes the light receiving state. When the key is pressed, the key-on signal KON is output when the photointerruptor below the key sensor KSE is shielded from light, and
The key velocity KV is detected from the time from the light shielding of the upper photo interrupter to the light shielding of the lower photo interrupter. On the other hand, when the key is released, the key-off signal KOF is output when the upper photo interrupter enters the light receiving state.

Further, at both the key-on and the key-off, a key code KC indicating which key is operated is output. Furthermore, in the figure, SOL
Is a solenoid coil that drives the key 1b, and is configured such that when the plunger thereof projects, the key 1b is in a key-depressed state.

Next, reference numeral 2 shown in FIG. 1 is a CPU for controlling each part of the apparatus, which operates based on a program stored in the ROM 3. Various data are temporarily stored in the RAM 4 by the CPU 2, and performance data for automatic performance is also appropriately stored. The pedal sensor 5 detects the state of the pedal of the grand piano, and outputs a signal LON indicating ON (depression) of the loud pedal and a signal LOF indicating OFF (release) of the pedal, and
A signal SON indicating that the shift pedal is on and a signal SOF indicating that the shift pedal is off are output.

The solenoid drive section 6 is a circuit for driving the solenoid SOL under the control of the CPU 2, and the operation section 7 has a plurality of switches for instructing the CPU 2 to perform various operations. In this case, the operation unit 7 is provided with a mute switch (not shown) for instructing mute performance. MIDI
The interface 8 is a circuit for exchanging MIDI signals with external devices.

The tone signal generator 10 is a circuit for generating various tone signals under the control of the CPU 2, and reads the waveform data in the waveform memory 11 to form tone signals. The waveform memory 11 has scale-based waveform memories 11-1 to 11-n that store waveforms for each scale of the piano. The reason why the waveform is stored for each scale is that the sound of the piano is slightly different for each scale in a strict sense, and is faithfully reproduced.

Here, the scale-specific waveform memories 11-1 to 11-11
Each of -n stores four types of waveform data. Each waveform data will be described below. Waveform data a Waveform data that records musical sounds when a key is pressed without pressing either the shift pedal or the loud pedal of the grand piano, and is waveform data that has been generally used conventionally.

Waveform data b Waveform data containing musical tones when the loud pedal is depressed and the key is depressed. Waveform data in which the sound of the string corresponding to the key depression and the resonance of other strings are recorded together. is there.

Waveform data c This is waveform data in which musical sounds when the key is depressed by depressing the shift pedal are recorded. Generally, in a piano, a plurality of strings are stretched with respect to one key, and when the shift pedal is depressed, the entire hammer action mechanism shifts in the width direction of the piano, and the number of strings struck is reduced. Although reduced, a string that has not been struck among the strings that correspond to the pressed key also sounds due to resonance. The waveform data c is data obtained by simultaneously recording both the resonance of a string that has not been struck and the sound of the string that has been struck.

Waveform data d is waveform data obtained when the loud pedal and the shift pedal are simultaneously depressed to depress the key.

By the way, the tone signal generator 10 shown in FIG.
Under the control of the CPU 2, the waveform data is appropriately selected to generate a musical tone signal, but it has a plurality of sound generation channels, and each sound generation channel is configured to enable simultaneous sound generation by time division multiplexing processing. ing. This tone signal generator 1
The tone signal generated at 0 is supplied to the sound system SS. The sound system SS amplifies the supplied musical tone signal, performs filtering, etc., and supplies it to the speaker SP or the headphones HH.

(Operation of the First Embodiment) (b) Normal Performance Next, the operation of this embodiment having the above-mentioned structure will be described. When the normal performance is designated by a predetermined switch in the operation section 7, the muffling mechanism is released, so that in this embodiment, a string is struck in response to a key depression as in a normal grand piano. Also, if there is pedal operation, a mechanism corresponding to the pedal operation operates, and a predetermined effect is achieved.

(B) Silent performance On the other hand, when the silencing performance is specified by the silencing switch in the operating section 7, the silencing mechanism operates and the strings are not struck, and the musical tone signal generating section 10 operates electronically. A musical tone signal is formed.

The tone signal forming process will be described below. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the main routine of this embodiment. First, in step SPa1, initial setting processing is performed. In the initialization process,
Initial values of various registers are set.

Next, at step SPa2, it is judged based on the output signal of the pedal sensor 5 whether or not the loud pedal or the shift pedal is operated, and the processing corresponding to the judgment is performed. Then, in step SPa3, it is detected based on the output signal of the keyboard unit 1 whether or not a key operation has been performed, and a musical sound forming process corresponding to the operation is performed. Next, when proceeding to step SPa4, other processing is performed. For example, the state of each operator of the operation unit 7 is detected, and the process according to the operation is performed. Then, thereafter, the processing of steps SPa1 to SPa4 is cycled.

Next, the pedal event process will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. First, in step SPb1, it is determined whether or not the pedal is operated. The process of step SPb1 is "YES" when the pedal sensor 5 outputs any of the signals LON, LOF, SON, and SOF, and "NO" when none of them is outputting. That is, if the loud pedal or the shift pedal is turned on / off, the result is "YES". If this determination is "NO", the process immediately returns to the main routine, and if "YES", the process proceeds to step SPb2.

In step SPb2, it is determined whether the operated pedal is a loud pedal or a shift pedal. If the pedal is a loud pedal, it is determined in step SPb3 whether the pedal is turned on. If the determination in step SPb3 is "NO", the process proceeds to step SPb5 via step SPb4, the current time (off time) is written in the register LFT, and the flag LF indicating the on / off state of the shift pedal is set to 0. Return, and if the determination in step SPb3 is "YES", step S
It progresses to step SPb7 via Pb6, and registers LF.
The current time (ON time) is written in T, the flag LF is set to 1, and the process returns. Note that step SPb
4, the processing of SPb6 will be described later.

On the other hand, if the shift pedal is operated,
From step SPb2 to step SPb8, it is determined whether or not it has been turned on. If the determination in step SPb8 is "YES", the process proceeds to step SPb9, the current time (on time) is written in the register SFT, the flag SF indicating the on / off state of the shift pedal is set to 0, and the process returns. If the determination in step SPb8 is "NO", the process proceeds to step SPb10, the current time (off time) is written in the register SFT, the flag SF is set to 0, and the process returns.

When both the loud pedal and the shift pedal are turned on, either the flag LF or SF becomes 1 in the pedal event processing at that time, and the other flag is set in the next pedal event processing. Becomes 1. Thus, the main routine 1
Both the flags LF and SF are set to 1 with a circulation time difference of one time.
Therefore, the ON states of both pedals are detected substantially simultaneously.

Next, the key event process will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. First, in step SPc1, the presence or absence of an event is detected.
That is, based on the output signal of the keyboard unit 1, it is detected whether or not there is a change from on to off or from off to on for any of the keys. If this determination is “NO”, the process immediately returns to the main routine and “Y
If "ES", the process proceeds to step SPc2, and it is determined whether or not the key is on.

If the determination is "NO", it means that the key-off signal KOF has been output, so that the one producing the key-off key code among the sounding channels is rapidly dumped (step SPc3). ). After the processing of step SPc3, the process returns to the main routine.

When the determination in step SPc2 is "YES", that is, when the key is turned on, it is determined whether or not the loud pedal is turned on first or substantially simultaneously with the key on (step SPc4). This decision is
Whether or not it is ON is performed based on the flag LF, and whether or not it is first or substantially simultaneous is performed based on the time (ON time) in the register LFT. Here, "substantially at the same time" is from the key depression to about 5 msec to 10 msec. This is because when the player tries to apply the effect of the loud pedal to the key depression, he may step on the key at the same time as the key depression, but even if he intends to step on the key at the same time, it is 5 ms from the key depression.
This is because there is often a delay of about ec to 10 msec. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned time difference is set in order to allow such a discriminative range of human operation.

Then, the determination in step SPc4 is "N
In the case of "O", that is, when the loud pedal is not turned on, the routine proceeds to step SPc5, where it is determined whether or not the shift pedal is turned on first or substantially simultaneously. The meaning of “substantially simultaneous” in this step is step SP.
It is the same as the case of c4 (it is also used in the same meaning in the following steps). If the determination is "NO", it means that neither the loud pedal nor the shift pedal is turned on, and the process proceeds to step SPc6, where the scale-based waveform memory 11-corresponding to the key code KC of the key-on key is
The waveform data a in i (i is 1 to n) is selected. Then, an instruction is made to an empty channel in the tone signal generator 10 to form a tone signal by the waveform data a. As a result, the speaker SP or the headphones HH produces a piano sound when the pedal is not depressed.

Further, the determination in step SPc5 is "YE
In the case of "S", the process proceeds to step SPc7, and the scale-based waveform memory 1 corresponding to the key code KC of the key-on key
The waveform data c in 1-i (i is 1 to n) is selected. Then, an instruction is made to an empty channel in the tone signal generator 10 to form a tone signal by the waveform data c. As a result, the speaker SP or the headphones HH produces a piano sound when the shift pedal is depressed.

On the other hand, the determination in step SPc4 is "YE
If "S", the process proceeds to step SPc8. This determination is the same as step SPc5. If the determination in step SPc8 is "NO", it means that only the loud pedal has been turned on, and the process proceeds to step SPc9, where the scale-based waveform memory 1 corresponding to the key code KC of the key-on key is turned on.
The waveform data b in 1-i (i is 1 to n) is selected. Then, an instruction is made to an empty channel in the tone signal generator 10 to form a tone signal by the waveform data b. As a result, the speaker SP or the headphones HH produces a piano sound (a sound to which a resonance sound is added) when the loud pedal is depressed.

Further, the determination at step SPc8 is "YE
In the case of "S", both the loud pedal and the shift pedal are turned on, and the process proceeds to step SPc10.
The waveform data d in the scale-based waveform memory 11-i (i is 1 to n) corresponding to the key code KC of the key-on key is selected. Then, an instruction is made to an empty channel in the tone signal generator 10 to form a tone signal by the waveform data d. As a result, from the speaker SP or the headphones HH, a piano sound (a resonance sound is added and a sound when the hammer action mechanism is shifted) when the loud pedal and the shift pedal are depressed is generated. As described above, the waveform corresponding to the pedal operation is selected and the corresponding musical sound is formed.

Next, the case where the loud pedal is turned on or off after the key is pressed will be described. First,
When the loud pedal is turned off, the determination at step SP3c becomes "NO" in the above-described pedal event processing (see FIG. 4), and the processing at step SPb4 is performed.
In this step, the channel sounded immediately before is searched, the sound of that channel is gradually attenuated, and the waveform data a in the scale-based waveform memory corresponding to the key code of the channel is selected, and this is set as an empty channel. Instruct to make the sound to increase in sequence. That is, the operation of changing the waveform data from a to b and instructing crossfading in the middle of the change is instructed.

Here, this processing will be described with reference to FIG. First, in the state shown in the figure, musical tone formation using the waveform data b is performed from time t ₀ . Here, time t ₁
Assuming that the loud pedal is turned off at 1, the magnitude of the musical tone signal is gradually reduced as shown in the figure for the channel for which the musical tone is formed by the waveform data b. On the other hand, the sound generated by the waveform data a is assigned to the vacant channel, and the magnitude of the tone signal by this channel is gradually increased from time t ₁ . In this case, the sum of the envelopes of both channels in the crossfade period T ₂ is set as shown by the broken line in the figure, and control is performed so that the musical tones are smoothly connected.

Further, in this case, when the waveform data is composed of all the key-depression waveforms, that is, the waveform from key-on to release (so-called all memory), the waveform data a is from the key-on to the period. T
Read the waveform data from the address at the time when ₁ elapses. By doing so, it is possible to make the musical sound extremely close to the musical sound of the natural musical instrument.

On the other hand, when the waveform data has an attack portion and a loop portion and is configured to repeatedly read the loop portion after the attack portion is read, at time t ₁
The loop portion of the waveform data a is read out from. By performing the above processing, the musical tone formation similar to the case where the loud pedal is released immediately after the loud pedal is depressed and the key is pressed is performed.

On the other hand, if the loud pedal is turned on after the key is pressed, the determination at step SPb3 shown in FIG. 4 is "YE."
S ”, and the processing of step SPb6 is performed. This process is similar to the process of the above-mentioned step SPb4, the channel sounded immediately before is searched, the sound of that channel is gradually attenuated, and the waveform in the scale-specific waveform memory corresponding to the key code of the channel is searched. The data b is selected, and an instruction is issued to cause the empty channels to sound sequentially so as to increase. That is, the waveform data is b
An operation is instructed to change from "a" to "a" and to perform crossfading in the middle of the change.

Table 1 shows the selection of waveform data in the above operation.

[Table 1]

(C) Automatic performance The automatic performance is performed based on the event data in the RAM 4. In the RAM 4, event data created based on the output signals of the keyboard section 1 and the pedal sensor 5,
Alternatively, event data created based on the MIDI signal supplied from the external device to the MIDI interface 8 is stored in advance.

In the automatic performance of this embodiment, in the normal performance of striking strings, the RAM is the same as in the conventional apparatus.
The solenoid SOL is driven in accordance with the event data read out from No. 4, and thereby string striking is performed.

On the other hand, in the mute performance, the solenoid SOL is driven according to the event data in the RAM 4, but no string striking is performed, and the tone signal is formed by the tone signal generator 10. At this time, the waveform data a to d are appropriately selected according to the pedal event, and the tone signal corresponding to these waveforms is formed. Also, the MID supplied from the outside
The same applies to the case where the mute performance is performed by the I signal, but at this time, the above-mentioned waveform data is selected based on the control signal indicating the pedal operation in the MIDI signal. Incidentally, it is also possible to perform the performance in real time by a MIDI signal supplied from the outside.

B: Second Embodiment (Structure of Second Embodiment) Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The waveform data stored in the waveform memory 11 and the method of selecting these waveform data are different between the second embodiment and the above-described first embodiment.
It should be noted that the other points have similar configurations.

Scale-wise waveform memory 11 in this embodiment
The waveforms stored in -1 to 11-n are waveform data a and c and waveform data e, as shown in FIG. The waveform data e is waveform data obtained by subtracting the loop portion of the waveform data a from the loop portion of the waveform data b described above. That is, it is the waveform data in which only the resonance sound is extracted from the sound of striking the string by depressing the loud pedal. There are, for example, the following two methods for creating the waveform data e.

Overtones included in both the string striking sound when the loud pedal is not depressed and the string striking sound when the loud pedal is depressed are extracted. Then, the phases and pitches of the extracted waveforms of the overtones are matched, and subtraction is performed for each of the overtones. By synthesizing the waveforms for each overtone obtained by this subtraction, the waveform data of only the resonance tone is obtained.

A fast Fourier transformer is used to analyze both the string striking sound when the loud pedal is not depressed and the string striking sound when the loud pedal is depressed. In this case, since the analysis result of the fast Fourier transformer is represented by a complex number for each frequency component, the amplitude and phase (tan ^-1 (imaginary part / real part)) are obtained for each frequency component. next,
The spectrum obtained by the analysis of the fast Fourier transformer is subtracted for each frequency component. For example, suppose that the spectrum of the striking sound when the loud pedal is not depressed and the spectrum of the striking sound when the loud pedal is depressed are obtained as shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. The spectrum obtained by subtracting the spectrum of (b) is obtained.

Then, a sine wave having the amplitude of each frequency component obtained by the subtraction and the phase obtained as a result of the Fourier analysis is generated and synthesized. As a circuit for performing such sine wave synthesis, for example, there is a circuit shown in FIG.
In the figure, SWG1 to SWGk are sine wave generators, respectively, and generate sine waves SIN1 to SINk in accordance with the designated frequency F, amplitude (level) L, and phase θ. Then, these sine waves SIN1 to SINk are added to the adder S.
A waveform WAVE is synthesized by UM. This waveform W
AVE has a waveform of only resonance sound. The frequency spectrum may be obtained only for the overtones and the sine waves having the overtone relationship may be combined. The waveform of only the resonance sound obtained as described above or as described above is digitized by PCM or ADPCM and stored as waveform data e.

(Operation of Second Embodiment) Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. First, the main routine is as shown in FIG. 3 similarly to the first embodiment described above. Further, the pedal event is as shown in FIG. Of the steps shown in FIG. 10, steps other than the processing of steps SPd4 and SPd6 are the same as the processing of the subroutine shown in FIG. The processing contents of steps SPd4 and SPd6 will be described later.

Next, FIG. 11 shows a key event processing subroutine in this embodiment. Each step shown in FIG. 11 is almost the same as the process of the same number in the subroutine shown in FIG. 5, but the way of selecting the waveform data is different. First, when the pedal is not depressed and only the key-on signal KON is detected, the waveform a is selected in step SPe6 as in the case of the above-described embodiment, but when the loud pedal signal is detected first or substantially simultaneously, the step is performed. S
In Pe9, the waveform data a and the waveform data e are selected. As a result, the empty channel in the tone signal generator 10 forms a tone based on the waveform obtained by synthesizing the waveform caused by string striking and the waveform caused by reverberation.

If the shift pedal signal is detected first or substantially simultaneously, the process proceeds to step SPe7 to select the waveform data c. If both the loud pedal and the shift pedal are detected, the waveform data c is detected at step SPe10. And the waveform data e are selected.

Next, a case will be described in which the on signal LON of the loud pedal is detected with a slight delay after the key on signal KON is detected. In this case, the SP is passed through the steps SPd1 → SPd2 → SPd3 → shown in FIG.
Proceed to d6 to search for the channel that was sounded immediately before. Then, when such a channel is detected, sound generation with the waveform data e added from that point is performed. However, the loop portion of the waveform data e is read out, and the level of the tone signal is set to a magnitude corresponding to the immediately preceding envelope. That is, the level of the waveform data e is slightly lowered and added. Accordingly, it is possible to imitate that the volume of the resonance sound becomes smaller when the loud pedal is depressed after the key is depressed than when the loud pedal is depressed substantially at the same time as or before the key depression. Also,
By setting the level of the waveform data e to a magnitude corresponding to the immediately preceding envelope, it is possible to generate a resonance tone of a level corresponding to the level of the musical tone being sounded.

At this time, the channel is sounding according to the waveform data a (key depression when the shift pedal is not depressed) and sounding according to the waveform data c (depression of the shift pedal is depressed). The key is pressed when it is rare.) In any case, the above process is performed.
However, when the waveform data e is added to all the corresponding channels, the resonance sound increases according to the number of key depressions. Therefore, in order to eliminate this unnaturalness, the tone signal generator 1
As shown in FIG. 12, the value of 0 lowers the level of the waveform data e as the number of keys pressed increases.

On the other hand, when the loud pedal signal is turned off after the key is pressed, step SPd1 shown in FIG.
→ SPd2 → SPd3 → Proceeds to SPd4 to search for the channel sounded immediately before. When such a channel is detected, the waveform data e added up to that point is stopped and the original waveform data, that is, the waveform data a or the waveform data c alone is used for sounding. Table 2 shows an example of waveform data selection in the above-described operation.

[0063]

[Table 2] Although automatic performance is possible also in this embodiment, its operation is the same as that of the first embodiment described above.

D: Effect of Embodiment In the mute piano, since the normal performance and the mute performance can be switched appropriately, it is easy to compare the difference between the two timbres.
In particular, a difference in resonance sound due to pedal operation appears remarkably, but in each of the above-described embodiments, the resonance sound is electronically added, so that the timbre difference due to pedal operation can be almost eliminated.

When listening to the recorded self-playing performance through headphones or the like, the resonance sound based on the pedal operation is also reproduced.
You can check the performance effect. It is also suitable for practicing pedal operation.

E: Modified Example In each of the above embodiments, each scale has a waveform memory for each scale, but it may be configured to have one waveform memory for about three scales. In this case, the waveform data may be read from the commonly-used waveform memory at a speed according to the scale to correspond to the frequency of the scale. With such a configuration, the number of memories can be reduced.

Although each of the above-described embodiments is an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a sound deadening piano, the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to an electronic musical instrument having no hammer mechanism.

The present invention can also be applied to keyboard instruments such as upright pianos and harpsichords.

Resonant waveform data corresponding to the touch of the depressed key may be prepared and selected according to the key velocity KV. Further, in order to save the waveform memory, envelope control according to a key press touch or tone color control by filter processing may be performed.

In the second embodiment, the waveform of the resonance sound generated when the loud pedal is depressed before the key is depressed and when the loud pedal is depressed after the key is depressed is not distinguished. You may do it. In this case, in the waveform memory 11 of the second embodiment, the waveform data e'only of the resonance sound when the loud pedal is depressed after the key is depressed is stored in the same manner as the waveform data e, and the loud pedal is depressed after the key is depressed. When is depressed, or when the loud pedal is depressed after the key is depressed and the shift pedal is depressed first, the musical tone signal may be generated using the waveform data e '.

Step SPd4, SPd6 or SP
In b4 and SPb6, processing is shown to be performed for the channel that was sounded immediately before, but this is not limited to the immediately preceding channel, but for all channels that are sounding at the timing when the loud pedal is turned on or off. Means processing. That is, if a plurality of channels are sounding, the processing is performed for all of them. Also, even when the pronunciation is
If the envelope is small, the process may not be performed.

[0072]

As described above, according to the present invention, the reverberant sound of a keyboard instrument such as an acoustic piano can be reproduced with high fidelity.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a structure near a key in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a main routine of the same embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a pedal event process of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a key event process of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram showing a crossfade process in the example.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a frequency spectrum showing a method of creating a resonance waveform in the example.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an example of a resonance waveform generating circuit in the same embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a pedal event process of the embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a key event process of the embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of resonance sounds to be added and their levels in the example.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Musical tone signal generating section (musical tone signal forming means: reading means: crossfade means: resonance waveform volume control means), 1
1 ... Waveform memory, a ... Waveform data (first tone waveform: key depression waveform), b ... Waveform data (second tone waveform), e ... Waveform data (resonant tone waveform).

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Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A memory for respectively storing a first tone waveform when a key of a keyboard instrument is depressed without depressing a pedal and a second tone waveform when a key is depressed by depressing the pedal, and a memory which is read from the memory. Tone signal forming means for forming a tone signal in accordance with the first and second tone waveforms, and the first and second keystroke signals based on a key depression signal indicating a key depression and a pedal operation signal indicating an operation of the pedal. A reading means for selecting and reading out a musical tone waveform; and a crossfade means for performing a crossfade process during a predetermined switching period when the first and second musical tone waveforms are switched for the same key depression. A characteristic electronic musical instrument. 2. The crossfading means are first and second.
2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the synthesized volume of the musical tone waveform is controlled so as to match the envelope when the waveform is not switched. 3. The reading means, when the first and second tone waveforms are read after the timing of the key depression signal, reads from an address corresponding to the delay. Or the electronic musical instrument described in 2. 4. A key depression waveform when a key is depressed without depressing a pedal of a keyboard instrument is stored, and a resonance sound waveform obtained by subtracting the key depression waveform from a tone sound waveform when depressing the pedal is depressed. A memory for storing the tone, a tone signal forming means for forming a tone signal in accordance with the key depression waveform and the resonance sound waveform read out from the memory; Reading means for reading out the resonance waveform based on a pedal-on signal indicating that the pedal is depressed, and reducing the volume of each resonance waveform according to a predetermined ratio when the resonance waveform is read out for a plurality of key depressions. An electronic musical instrument comprising: a resonance waveform volume control unit for controlling.