JPH0727078Y2 - Surface grinder - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application] The present invention relates to a surface grinder, and more particularly to a surface grinder for grinding a plurality of work surfaces of a workpiece which are orthogonal to each other by one chucking. .

[Prior Art] Conventionally, for example, when grinding two side surfaces of a workpiece that are orthogonal to each other, one of the processing surfaces is ground and the workpiece is chucked in order to grind each processing surface by the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone. After fixing it and changing its posture, the other machined surface is ground. However, there is a problem that the re-chucking reduces the squareness of the machined surfaces and the work efficiency.

In addition to the method described above, the chucking may not be carried out again, and the machined surfaces that are orthogonal to each other may be ground by the outer peripheral surface and the side surface of the grindstone. However, when grinding from the side of the grindstone, the grindstone and the work piece are in close contact with each other and the coolant does not enter between them, so the cooling effect and lubrication effect of the coolant cannot be obtained, and the grinding burn of the work piece and clogging of the grindstone There is a problem that bleeding and eye spillage are likely to occur.

Therefore, a surface grinder equipped with an indexing table that chucks a workpiece and changes its posture every 90 ° may be used. With this surface grinder, the posture of the workpiece is changed by 90 ° each time one machined surface is ground on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone, and all the machined surfaces orthogonal to each other are ground without re-chucking the work. You can Then, in this case, the perpendicularity between the workpiece processing surfaces depends on the indexing accuracy of the indexing table.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] However, the indexing accuracy of the indexing table described above is not sufficiently high as compared with the squareness required for the work, and especially when the work is required to have high accuracy, We may not be able to meet your request.

Further, since the chucking force of the indexing table with respect to the work is not so strong, it may be displaced from the original indexing position by the grinding force. Therefore, in such a case, the perpendicularity of the work is very bad, and if it is not so great, the grinding cannot be continued.

Further, since the indexing operation of the indexing table varies, even if the grinding is performed under the same conditions, the squareness of each work is different and there is a problem in homogenizing the work.

The object of the present invention is to grind a plurality of machining surfaces orthogonal to each other on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone without re-chucking the work, and also to reduce the grinding accuracy due to the work being misaligned during grinding. The object of the present invention is to provide a surface grinder that can always realize a constant and high-precision squareness without causing a problem.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, in a surface grinder that grinds a work by relatively moving the grindstone and the work relatively to the front, back, left and right, and up and down, the rotation of the grindstone. The shaft center is inclined forward or backward by 45 ° and inclined leftward or rightward by 45 °, and the grindstone outer periphery has a pair of outer peripheries facing in opposite directions at inclination angles of 45 ° with respect to the rotational axis. The subject of the invention is a surface grinder having a surface.

[Action]

By the above means, the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone can be in line contact with the three side surfaces of the work which are orthogonal to each other. By relatively reciprocating the grindstone along each side surface of the work, each side surface of the work can be ground by the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone.

Since the above grinding can be continuously performed while the work is fixed to the table, the perpendicularity of both machined surfaces is not reduced by re-chucking the work.

Since the movement paths of the respective feeding means are transferred to the three machined surfaces ground in this way, each machined surface always has a constant squareness under the same grinding conditions.
Further, if the moving paths of the two feeding means are made to be orthogonal to each other, the squareness between the processing surfaces is naturally increased.

[Embodiment] The first embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the table 1 of the surface grinder can be reciprocated in the left and right direction by a hydraulic cylinder 2 as a left and right feed means while being guided by a guide rail (not shown). The hydraulic circuit (not shown) connected to 2 is 20kg / cm ² and 5kg / cm for cylinder 2.
The hydraulic oil of ² is selectively sent. A stopper lever 3 is projectingly provided on the lower surface of the table 1, and a stopper 3a fixed to the lever 3 reciprocates in the left-right direction in the frame 4 of the grinder as the table 1 reciprocates.

A left and right adjusting screw 6 as a left and right cutting means is screwed into a screw guide 5 installed in the frame 4, and the stopper 3a is attached to a thrust bearing 7 attached to the tip of the left and right adjusting screw 6 as the stopper 3a moves. It is possible to abut. The other end of the left and right adjusting screw 6 is projected to the outside of the frame 4 and a handle 8 is attached. When the handle 8 is rotated, the screwing position of the left and right adjusting screw 6 with respect to the screw guide 5 is changed, and the thrust bearing 7 is extremely slow. Will move left and right.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the lower part of the column 9 of the grinder is
It is screwed with a front-rear adjusting screw 11 as a front-rear cutting means that is driven to rotate by a motor 10, and the column 9 is guided by a guide rail (not shown) as the screw 11 rotates.
It is designed to move forward and backward at an extremely low speed.

An elevating block 12 is movably supported on the front surface of the column 9 by a guide rail (not shown), and the block 12 is screwed with an up-down adjusting screw 14 which is rotationally driven in the column 9 by a motor 13, With the rotation of 14, while being guided by the guide rail, it moves vertically at an extremely low speed. A pair of pulleys 16a, 16b connected by an interlocking belt 15 are rotatably mounted in a recess 12a formed on one side surface of the lifting block 12, and a small-diameter pulley 16a therein is attached to the other side surface of the lifting block 12. It is adapted to be rotationally driven by the attached motor 17, and a rotary plate 18 as a forward and backward feeding means is fixed to the other large-diameter pulley 16b coaxially.

A guide rail (not shown) is provided on the lifting block 12, and a spindle head 19 is supported beside the lifting block 12 by the guide rail. A crank pin 18a formed at an eccentric position of the rotary plate 18 is inserted into a vertical groove 19a formed on a side surface of the spindle head 19, so that the motor 1
When the small-diameter pulley 16a is rotated by 7, the rotary plate 18 is rotated together with the large-diameter pulley 16b via the interlocking belt 15, and the spindle head 1 is rotated along with the circular movement of the crank pin 18a.
9 will be reciprocated in the front-rear direction while being guided by the guide rails. The rotating plate 18 is designed to be blocked or allowed to rotate by a brake (not shown). Therefore, when the rotating plate 18 is blocked from rotating, the spindle head 19 stops at any front-back position. Will be retained.

A grindstone 20 is installed below the spindle head 19, and the grindstone 20 is horizontally driven to rotate by a motor 21 on the spindle head 19.

Next, a case where two side surfaces of the rectangular parallelepiped workpiece W which are orthogonal to each other are ground by the surface grinding machine configured as described above will be described.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the work W ground on the lower surface is fixed on the table 1, the brake is operated to stop and hold the spindle head 19 at the rear position, and the grindstone 20 moves the work W The longitudinal position of the column 9 and the vertical position of the spindle head 19 are adjusted so that they are located rearward. The hydraulic cylinder 2 reciprocates the table 1 in the left-right direction to feed the work W, and the front-rear adjusting screw 11 slightly moves the column 9 forward to cut the grindstone 20 into the work W.

At the same time, the grindstone 20 is moved up and down by the vertical adjusting screw 14 at an appropriate speed to grind the entire rear surface of the work W. The hydraulic cylinder 2 is 20 kg / c from the hydraulic circuit.
The thrust bearing 7 is operated in a direction away from the stopper lever 3 (left side in FIG. 3) so as not to interfere with the operation of the table 1 while operating with the hydraulic oil of m ² obtained. ) Has been moved to.

Next, with the work W fixed on the table 1,
As shown in FIG. 3, the table 1 is moved leftward with respect to the grindstone 20, and the thrust bearing 7 is brought into contact with the stopper 3 a of the stopper lever 3 by the left and right adjusting screws 6. Furthermore, hydraulic oil of 5 kg / cm ² is sent from the hydraulic circuit to the hydraulic cylinder 2 to move the table 1 to the left and right adjusting screws 6 side (3rd
Move to the left). As a result, the stopper 3a
Is pressed against the thrust bearing 7 with a predetermined force.

Then, the rotary plate 18 is rotated to rotate the spindle head 19
When the grindstone 20 is fed by reciprocating in the front-back direction and the thrust bearing 7 is finely moved to the right by the left and right adjusting screws 6, the stopper 3a is pushed by the bearing 7 and the work W is moved to the right with the table 1. Fine movement to the whetstone
A cut is made in 20 workpieces W. Also, as in the case where the rear surface of the work W is ground, the vertical adjustment screw 14
Thus, the grindstone 20 is moved up and down at an appropriate speed to grind the entire right side surface of the work W. By the above work, the rear side surface and the right side surface of the work W are ground.

The hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic oil is reduced to 5 kg / cm ² in order to facilitate the movement of the table 1 by the left and right adjusting screws 6.

Thus, according to the surface grinder of the present embodiment, the table 1
It is possible to continuously grind the two side surfaces of the workpiece W while the workpiece W is fixed on the upper surface. Therefore, by re-chucking the work W, the work efficiency and the squareness of both machined surfaces do not decrease.

Further, according to the surface grinder of the present embodiment, the work W is firmly fixed on the table 1 by a magnet chuck or the like. Therefore, even when a grinding force is applied to the work W during grinding, the work W is not There is no case where the above-mentioned perpendicularity is lowered due to deviation.

By the way, the rear side surface of the work W ground in this way is formed by transferring the left and right moving paths of the table 1 and the upper and lower moving paths of the spindle head 19, while the right side surface is The moving paths of the spindle head 19 in the front-rear direction and the up-down direction are transferred and formed. Therefore, in order to make the squareness of these two surfaces highly accurate, a guide rail for guiding the table 1 left and right, a guide rail for guiding the spindle head 19 back and forth, and a spindle head 19 up and down are guided. It suffices that the guide rails for this purpose be exactly orthogonal to each other when the grinding machine is manufactured, and if this is executed, it is possible to reproduce the two side surfaces with high accuracy at all times even when the above-mentioned grinding work is repeated.

Further, in order to make the squareness of the rear side surface and the right side surface with respect to the lower side surface of the work W ground in advance highly accurate, a guide rail for guiding the spindle head 19 up and down is provided on the table 1.
It is only necessary to make it orthogonal to the upper surface of the above, and if this is executed, it is possible to reproduce the three side surfaces with high accuracy at all times even when the above-mentioned grinding work is repeated.

In order to manufacture the guide rail of the grinder and the upper surface of the table 1 with high accuracy, it can be relatively easily realized by performing a predetermined processing procedure with a high-precision machine tool.
As a result, the high grinding accuracy as described above can be naturally obtained.

In the surface grinder of this embodiment, the work W and the grindstone 20 are moved by reciprocating the table 1 in the left-right direction.
The relative movement of the work W and the grindstone 20 in the front-rear direction was performed by performing relative movement in the left-right direction with respect to each other and reciprocating the spindle head 19 in the front-rear direction. For example, as shown in FIG. A sub-table 22 is provided on the table 1, and a rotary plate for reciprocating the spindle head 19 in the front-back direction.
Members such as 18 may be omitted, and instead, these mechanisms may be provided in the sub-table 22 and the sub-table 22 may be reciprocated in the front-rear direction to perform grinding.

Further, in the surface grinder of the present embodiment, the spindle head 19 is reciprocated in the front-rear direction by a member such as the rotary plate 18 in order to feed the grindstone 20, but instead of this, the front-rear adjusting screw 11 is used. The column 9 may be rotated to reciprocate in the front-rear direction, and the grindstone 20 can be fed in this manner as well.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
This second embodiment corresponds to the present invention. In addition,
Only differences from the grinding machine of the first embodiment will be described, and the same parts will be denoted by the same reference numerals.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the spindle head 2 of the grinding machine of the present embodiment
In No. 3, the grindstone 24 side is inclined forward 45 ° and is also inclined leftward 45 °, and the rotational axis of the grindstone 24 is also inclined in the same direction following this. In addition, the grindstone 24 is formed with a pair of outer peripheral surfaces facing in mutually opposite directions at an inclination angle of 45 ° with respect to the rotation axis thereof.

Next, a case will be described in which the surface grinding machine configured as described above is used to grind the five side surfaces of the rectangular parallelepiped workpiece W fixed on the table 1 via the jig 25 and orthogonal to each other. Since the function of each feed mechanism of the grinder has already been described in the first embodiment, only the positional relationship between the work W and the grindstone 24 will be described here in detail.

When the grindstone 24 is positioned on the rear side of the work W as shown by imaginary line A in FIG. 10, the outer peripheral surface on the tip side of the grindstone 24 makes line contact with the rear surface of the work W as shown in FIG. To do. And
By rotating the grindstone 24 and feeding and cutting in each direction, the entire rear surface of the work W can be ground.
Similarly, as indicated by phantom line B in FIG. 10, the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 24 on the base end side may be brought into line contact with the front side surface of the work W, and this surface may be ground.

On the other hand, the outer peripheral surface on the tip side of the grindstone 24 is brought into line contact with the right side surface of the work W as shown by an imaginary line C in FIG. 9, or as shown by an imaginary line D in FIG. It is also possible to grind these outer surfaces by making line contact with the left side surface of the work W.

Further, as shown by an imaginary line E in FIGS. 9 and 10, the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 24 on the tip side can be brought into line contact with the upper side surface of the work W to grind this surface.

As described above, according to the surface grinder of the present embodiment, the work W remains fixed on the table 1 unless the work W interferes with the spindle head 23 or the like to move the grindstone 24 to a predetermined position. Five side surfaces can be continuously ground.
Therefore, by re-chucking the work W, the work efficiency and the squareness of each processed surface do not decrease. Further, as in the first embodiment, since the work W is firmly fixed on the table 1 by a magnet chuck or the like, the work W is not displaced by the grinding force and the squareness of each side surface is not reduced. .

Then, as in the case of the first embodiment, the squareness of each side surface of the workpiece W ground in this way is determined by the accuracy of each guide rail of the grinder and the upper surface of the table 1. It can be relatively easily realized to manufacture with high precision. Therefore, even when the above-described grinding work is repeated, it is possible to always reproduce the side surface with high accuracy.

Furthermore, in the surface grinder of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, since the rotation direction of the grindstone 24 and the feed direction do not match, a helical scan is automatically carried out, which means that normal grinding is performed. In comparison, the ground state becomes better.

Needless to say, in any of the surface grinders of the examples, it is necessary to appropriately correct the shape of the grindstone by the dresser in order to maintain high grinding accuracy.
Therefore, in the surface grinder of the first embodiment, for example,
As shown by phantom lines in FIGS. 1 and 2, a single stone dresser D1 may be installed and dressing may be performed at appropriate intervals. Further, in the surface grinder of the second embodiment, for example, the plane plate dresser D2 is installed on the table 1 as shown by phantom lines in FIG. 7, and dressing is performed at appropriate intervals as in the case described above. You can do it like this.

Although not within the scope of the present invention, in order to grind the three side surfaces of the work W, for example, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the spindle head 26 is tilted only 45 ° forward and the grindstone 27 is used. Only the outer peripheral surface 27a on the front end side of may be inclined at 45 °. In the surface grinder constructed in this way,
As shown in FIG. 12, the left side surface of the work W can be ground by the non-tilted outer peripheral surface 27b on the base end side of the grindstone 27.
As shown in FIG. 3, the rear side surface and the upper side surface of the work W can be ground by the inclined outer peripheral surface 27a on the tip side of the grindstone 27.

Further, in the first and second embodiments, the case where the rectangular parallelepiped shaped work W is ground has been described, but it goes without saying that the shaped work W is ground as long as it is a work W having processing surfaces orthogonal to each other. Even when it does, the effects as described above can be obtained.

[Advantage of the Invention] As described in detail above, according to the surface grinder of the present invention, a plurality of machined surfaces orthogonal to each other can be ground by the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone without re-chucking the work. In addition, there is an excellent effect that the work accuracy does not decrease during the grinding and the grinding accuracy does not decrease, and a constant high accuracy squareness can always be realized.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 5 show the first embodiment, FIG. 1 is a plan view of a surface grinder during grinding of the right side surface of a work, FIG. 2 is a side view of the same, and FIG. 3 is a front view of the same. FIG. 4 is a plan view of a surface grinder during grinding of the rear surface of the work, FIG. 5 is a side view of the same, FIG. 6 is a plan view of another surface grinder, and FIGS. FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment embodying the present invention, FIG. 7 is a front view of a surface grinder, FIG. 8 is a side view of the same, and FIG. 9 shows grinding of a left side surface, an upper surface and a right side surface of a work. Explanatory drawing, FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing the grinding of the rear side surface, the upper surface and the front side surface of the work, FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing the contact state between the grindstone and the work at the time of grinding, and FIG. 12 shows the spindle head. Explanatory drawing showing grinding of the right side of the work by another example of surface grinder tilted only to the front, Fig. 13 is also for grinding the back side and top of the work FIG. 2 is a hydraulic cylinder as a left and right feeding means, 6 is a left and right adjusting screw as a left and right cutting means, 11 is a front and back adjusting screw as a front and back cutting means, 18 is a rotating plate as a front and back feeding means, 20 and 24 are whetstones, and W is It is work.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A surface grinder that grinds a work (W) by moving the grindstone (24) and the work (W) relatively to the front, back, left and right, and up and down, wherein the axis of rotation of the grindstone (24) is Inclined to the front or rear by 45 ° and inclined to the left or right by 45 °, and on the outer periphery of the grindstone (24), a pair of outer peripheries facing in opposite directions at an inclination angle of 45 ° with respect to the rotation axis A surface grinder that forms a surface.