JPH0726889A - Square-shaped shield excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To discharge excavated muck efficiently by crushing muck excavated at an excavating section by a crusher and carrying out it by a screw conveyor in a square-shaped shield excavator having a front region and a rear region, in which muck is received. CONSTITUTION:When a jack 20 for propulsion is expanded while expanding and contracting a jack 36 for a drive mechanism 16 at the time of excavation, each excavating mechanism 14 conducts a swinging motion around an axis 34, and a facing is excavated by cutter bits 46 so that the plane shape of the facing is formed in an arcuate shape. Excavated muck is moved to the rear in a front region 26 with the forward movement of a shielding body 12, and discharged from the front region 26 by a discharging mechanism 18. Large gravel 62 is muck is held among the base sections of the lower arms 42 of the excavating mechanisms 14 and fixed members 58 during movement in the front region 26, thus crushing the gravel in size, in which gravel can be discharged by the discharging mechanism 18. When excavation is conducted at a fixed distance, a segment 66 is incorporated into a lining 22 by an erector 68 installed into the rear end section of the shielding body 12, and afterwards these operation is repeated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a square shield excavator used for constructing tunnels, holes, grooves, etc. having a square cross section.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A square shield excavator for excavating a tunnel having a quadrangular cross-section has a rectangular cylindrical shield body having a front region for receiving an excavated object and a rear region behind the excavator. Digging means having a digging portion extending in the direction at the front end portion of the shield body, the digging means disposed in the front region for angular reciprocating rotational movement about an axis extending in the vertical direction, and the digging means There is one including a driving means for giving an angular reciprocating rotary motion about an axis (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-357298).

In this excavator, the excavating means is given an oscillating motion about the axis by the driving means, whereby the excavating portion of the excavating means moves along an arcuate locus about the axis to the front end of the shield body. Excavate the cutting edge by drawing in the section. However, in this excavator, since the shear in the front area is discharged by the muddy water supplied to the front area, the discharge amount of the shear per unit time is small and it is not suitable for constructing a tunnel or the like having a large cross-sectional shape.

In order to solve the above problems, if a discharging mechanism such as a screw conveyor is used as the shear discharging means,
The members such as the excavating means and the driving means hinder the movement of the shear in the front area, particularly the movement of the shear toward the shear receiving port of the discharging mechanism such as the screw conveyor, and the shear cannot be discharged efficiently.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to prevent a member arranged in the front area from hindering the movement of the shear toward the shear discharging means.

[0006]

A square shield excavator according to the present invention has a rectangular tubular main body having a front region for receiving a shear and a rear region behind the same, and at least two excavating portions extending in the vertical direction. One of the excavating means, wherein the excavating portion draws an arcuate locus around an axis extending in the vertical direction at the front end portion of the shield body so as to allow angular reciprocating rotary motion around the axis, the forward region. And at least two excavation means arranged in the same, drive means for giving the excavation means an angular reciprocating rotational movement about the axis, and means for ejecting the shear in the front zone to the rear zone.

The excavating means are arranged at intervals in the front-rear direction and in the horizontal direction intersecting the axis, and the discharging means is the bottom portion of the front region between the excavating means in the horizontal direction to receive the shear. It has a screw conveyor that opens at.

The excavator receives thrust from a thrust generator that advances the excavator. While the excavator is advancing, the excavating means is provided with an angular reciprocating rotational movement about the axis, i.e. a rocking movement about the axis, by the driving means to excavate the face. The shear is received in the front area of the shield body. As the excavator moves forward, the shear in the front area is reliably moved to the opening of the discharging means through the excavating means with respect to the shield body, and finally discharged from the front area to the rear area by the discharging means. .

According to the present invention, since the excavating means are arranged in the horizontal direction at intervals, and the discharging means is opened at the bottom of the front area between the excavating means in the horizontal direction, the excavating means are arranged in the front area. The member does not hinder the movement of the shear in the front area.

The driving means is a shaft individually associated with the excavation means, the shaft being arranged in the body for angular reciprocating rotational movement about the axis, and the shaft individually associated with the shaft. And a cylinder mechanism that is expanded and contracted by the pressure fluid to make the corresponding shaft perform angular reciprocating rotational movement about the axis.

Each of the excavating means has at least one arm extending forward from a corresponding shaft, a support rod attached to a tip portion of the arm and extending in the direction of the axis, and the support rod extending in the direction of the axis. It is possible to provide a plurality of cutter bits that are sequentially mounted, and a plurality of cutter bits that form the excavation portion together with the support rod.

[0012] It is preferable that the driving means further includes a link connecting the shafts to each other. As a result, the rocking motions of both excavating means are synchronized.

Further, between the rocking member that individually corresponds to the shaft and extends forward from the corresponding shaft to the bottom of the front region, and between the two rocking members at the bottom of the front region in the horizontal direction. It is preferable to include a fixed member that is fixed and that forms a crusher in cooperation with both the swing members. As a result, large debris can be crushed.

The screw conveyor includes a cylindrical casing extending rearward in the rear region from a bottom portion of the front region, and arranged inside the casing so as to be rotatable around an axis line of the casing. A transport member that extends spirally along the surface and a drive mechanism that rotates the transport member around the axis of the casing can be provided.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, a square shield excavator 10 includes a square cylindrical shield body 12, a pair of excavation mechanisms 14 arranged at the front end of the shield body, and the excavation machine. A drive mechanism 16 for driving the mechanism and a discharge mechanism 18 for discharging the shear are included.

The excavator 10 is advanced by a plurality of jacks 20 having a shield body 12 arranged inside thereof. The jack 20 acts as a thrust generator for the excavator 10, and uses a rectangular tubular lining 22 constructed on the excavation trace of the excavator 10 as a reaction force body. But jack 2
Instead of using 0, the shield main body 12 may be moved forward together with the square tubular pipe pushed into the excavation mark by the excavator 10 by a thrust generating device such as an original pushing device arranged in the starting shaft. .

The inside of the shield body 12 is divided by the partition wall 24.
It is divided into a front region 26 that receives the shear and a rear region 28 that is maintained at atmospheric pressure behind it. In the partition wall 24, the rear region 28 has a front region 26 in the central portion in the vertical direction.
It is formed so as to partially enter inside. Partition 2
4 has an opening that can be opened and closed by the lid 30. The opening is
It is used when the worker confirms the state in the front area 26, when the worker goes in and out of the front area, and the like.

The drive mechanism 16 includes shafts 32 individually associated with the excavation mechanism 14. The shaft 32 is arranged in the main body 12 so as to extend in the vertical direction at locations spaced in the horizontal direction (the left-right direction) intersecting the direction of the axis of the shield body 12 (the front-back direction) and the vertical direction,
It is supported by the partition wall 24 so as to be capable of reciprocating angular rotation about the axis 34.

The drive mechanism 16 also includes two pairs of cylinder mechanisms 36 individually associated with the shaft 32. Each cylinder mechanism 36 is a pneumatic or hydraulic jack that expands and contracts in synchronization with pressure fluid, and one of the piston and the cylinder is connected to a bracket 38 fixed to the corresponding shaft 32 at the vertical center thereof. And the other of the cylinders is connected to the shield body 12.

Each shaft 32 is angularly reciprocally rotated by the expansion and contraction of the corresponding cylinder mechanism 36. The brackets 38 are connected to each other by a link 40, which synchronizes the angular reciprocal rotational movement of the shaft 32.

Each excavation mechanism 14 has a corresponding shaft 32.
Two arms 4 extending parallel to the front from both upper and lower ends
2, a support rod 44 attached to the tip of the arm and extending in the vertical direction, and a plurality of cutter bits 46 sequentially attached to the support rod in the vertical direction. The cutter bit 46 forms an excavation portion for excavating the cutting edge together with the support rod 44.

Each excavation mechanism 14 has a corresponding shaft 32.
Along with the angular reciprocating rotary motion of the above, the cutting blade is excavated by performing the swinging motion around the axis 34 of the corresponding shaft 32. The length of each arm 42 is 2 in FIG.
It can be adjusted as indicated by the dashed line.

The discharge mechanism 18 is arranged such that the inside of the rear area 28 is the front area 2
A cylindrical casing 48 extending rearward from the bottom of 6;
The casing is arranged in the casing 50 so as to be rotatable about its axis, and the conveying member 52 extends spirally along the inner peripheral surface of the casing 50. And a drive mechanism 54 for rotating the same.

The casing 50 is supported by the shield body 12 and the partition wall 20 and has one end opening at the bottom of the forward region 26 between the excavating mechanisms 14 in the horizontal direction to accommodate the shear in the forward region 26. The other end of the casing 50 is closed by a lid 56. Although not shown, the lid 56 is opened and closed by a jack or the like.

Instead of directly disposing the conveying member 52 in the casing 50, the casing 50 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical sleeve, the sleeve is rotatably disposed in the casing 50, and the sleeve is driven by a driving mechanism 54. You may make it rotate by.

At the bottom of the front area 26, a supporting member 58 having a pillar shape is also arranged. The fixing member 58 is fixed to the shield body 12 and the partition wall 20 so as to be located in front of the shear receiving opening 60 of the discharging mechanism 18 and between the bases of the lower arms 42 of both excavating mechanisms 14, and Together with the bases of the lower arms 42 of both excavation mechanisms 14, a crusher for crushing large debris 62 (see FIG. 4) is constructed. The base of the lower arm 42 and the fixing member 58 have a plurality of protrusions for biting the grave 62, as shown in FIG.

Therefore, the lower arms 4 of both excavation mechanisms 14 are
2 acts as a rocking member of the crusher. But,
A swing member for the crusher may be provided separately from the lower arms 42 of both excavation mechanisms 14.

The tip 64 of the upper wall of the shield body 12 is
The shield body 12 is projected forward from the lower wall, the left wall and the right wall to prevent the ground from collapsing.

During excavation, the jack 36 for the drive mechanism 16 is expanded and contracted while the jack 20 for propulsion is expanded. As a result, since each excavation mechanism 14 makes a swinging motion about the axis 34, the cutting blade is excavated by the cutter bit 46 so that the planar shape thereof becomes an arc shape.

As the shield body 12 advances, the excavated shear is moved backward in the front area 26 with respect to the shield body 12, is received in the opening 60 of the discharge mechanism 18, and is discharged by the discharge mechanism 18 in the front area 26. Emitted from.
The shear in the discharge mechanism 18 is taken out from the discharge mechanism 18 by the lid 56 being regularly opened, and is transported to the ground by another transport device.

The shear in the front area 26 is due to the fact that both excavation mechanisms 14 are separated from each other in the left-right direction and the opening 6 of the discharge mechanism 18
Since 0 is located between the two excavation mechanisms 14, the excavation mechanism 14 does not prevent the discharge mechanism 18 from moving toward the opening 60. In addition, the large debris 62 during the sliding movement moves during the movement in the front area 26 while the lower arm 4 of the excavation mechanism 14 is being moved.
By being sandwiched between the second base and the fixing member 58, it is crushed to a size that can be discharged by the discharging mechanism 18.

When a predetermined distance is excavated, the segment 6
6 is attached to the lining 22 by an erector 68 provided in the rear end of the shield body 12. Segment 66
It is preferable to stop the forward movement of the excavator 10 when assembling it to the lining 22, but the forward movement of the excavator 10 may not be stopped.

In order to stabilize the position, posture, etc. of the excavator 10 when the excavator 10 moves forward, when excavating by the excavation mechanism 14, when assembling the segment 68 by the erector 66, etc. Preferably, the shield body 12 is provided with a stabilizer that is extruded into and engages the ground around the shield body 12.

In order to facilitate the excavation of the cutting blade, it is preferable to adopt a structure in which a liquid such as muddy water is ejected from each excavation mechanism 14 to the cutting blade. Further, for the purpose of facilitating the movement (flow) of the shear in the front region 26, it is preferable to adopt a structure in which a liquid such as muddy water is jetted to the front region 26.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but various improvements can be made, for example, by providing three or more excavating mechanisms.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a square shield excavator of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the excavator of FIG. 1 taken along line 2-2.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing a crusher portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Square Shield Excavator 12 Shield Main Body 14 Excavation Mechanism 16 Drive Mechanism for Excavation Mechanism 18 Ejection Mechanism 20 Propulsion Jack 22 Lining 24 Partition Wall 26 Front Area 28 Rear Area 32 Shaft 34 Shaft Axis 36 Drive Mechanism for Excavation Mechanism Cylinder mechanism 38 Bracket 40 Link 42 Arm 44 Support rod 46 Cutter bit 50 Casing 52 Conveying member 54 Conveying mechanism driving mechanism 58 Fixing member 60 Conveying mechanism opening 62 Leak

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. At least two excavating means having a rectangular tubular shield body having a front area for receiving a shear and a rear area behind the shear area, and at least two excavating sections, wherein the excavating section is a vertical direction. At least two excavating means arranged in the front area so as to be capable of angular reciprocating rotary motion about the axis so as to draw an arcuate locus around the axis extending in the direction of the front end of the shield body, The excavating means includes a driving means for giving an angular reciprocating rotary motion about the axis to the excavating means, and a means for discharging the shear in the front area to the rear area, wherein the excavating means is a horizontal direction intersecting the longitudinal direction and the axis. Directionally spaced, the ejecting means are open at the bottom of the forward zone between the excavating means in the horizontal direction to receive the shear and the screw conveyor Square shield excavator with a. 2. The drive means is a shaft individually associated with the excavation means, the shaft being arranged in the main body so as to be capable of angular reciprocating rotational movement about the axis,
A cylinder mechanism individually corresponding to the shaft, the cylinder mechanism being expanded / contracted by a pressure fluid to cause the corresponding shaft to make an angular reciprocating rotary motion about the axis, each excavating means corresponding to At least one arm extending forward from the shaft, a support rod attached to the tip of the arm and extending in the direction of the axis, and a plurality of cutter bits sequentially attached to the support rod in the direction of the axis. The excavator according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of cutter bits that form the excavation portion together with the support rod. 3. The excavator according to claim 2, wherein the drive means further comprises a link connecting the shafts to each other. 4. A swing member that individually corresponds to the shaft and extends forward from the corresponding shaft to the bottom of the front region, and both swing members in the horizontal direction at the bottom of the front region. A fixed member that is fixed in between and that forms a crusher in cooperation with both the swing members.
The excavator according to claim 3. 5. The excavator according to claim 4, wherein the swing member is connected to the excavation portion at a tip thereof. 6. The screw conveyor comprises a cylindrical casing extending rearward in the rear region from a bottom portion of the front region, and arranged rotatably around an axis of the cylindrical casing in the casing and an inner periphery of the casing. The transport member that extends spirally along the surface, and a drive mechanism that rotates the transport member around the axis of the casing.
The excavator according to 2, 3, or 4.