JPH07266189A - Automatic programming method preventing unmachined corner part in milling work and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To compose a numerical control program with no unmachined portion speedily and easily by inserting numerical control data reciprocating between both corner-part apexes of this time tool centroid and the last time tool width centroid after the numerical control data of up to these corner parts where a fact that there are unmachined portions is judged. CONSTITUTION:Numerical data of up to a corner part apex B1 (Bn) of this time tool centroid from this time tool center B0 are originated. Next, a distance between both corner-part apexes A and B1 of a tool width centroid and the this time tool centroid is calculated. In succession, whether this distance is larger than tool radius or not is judged, and when it is larger than the tool radius, it is so judged that there is an unmachined portion, the numerical control data (B1 A1 B1) reciprocating between the corner part apes B1 of the this time tool centroid and the corner part apex A1 of the last time tool diameter centroid are inserted thereinto after the numerical control data of up to the corner-part apex B1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic programming method and apparatus for defining a machining area formed by continuously connecting arbitrary shapes and creating NC data based on the machining shape of this machining area. In particular, the present invention relates to an automatic programming method and apparatus for preventing uncut uncut parts of a corner part in milling which can efficiently remove uncut parts which occur in a corner part which is a connection part of arbitrary shape.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an example of NC processing, area cutting processing (pocket processing) for cutting the inside of an area surrounded by an arbitrary shape to a predetermined depth or area cutting for leaving an area surrounded by an arbitrary shape in an island shape There is processing. NC data for performing such pocket machining includes (1) a step of defining a machining shape,
(2) Step of defining machining method such as unidirectional cutting, reciprocal cutting, cutting that moves in a spiral or rectangular shape, etc. (3) Step of defining tools and machining conditions (cutting direction, pitch, etc.) used It is designed to be automatically created using the data entered in each step. In such automatic programming, for example, as shown in FIG.
_A machining area T consisting of ₁ , e ₂ and e ₃ and a machining shape consisting of a predetermined depth are defined, spiral machining is defined as the machining method, and the direction from the outside to the inside is defined as the machining direction. When the tool TL, the cut amount per time, the cutting width (machining pitch dimension) P, etc. are defined, the automatic programming system automatically starts the creation of an NC program (NC data) for pocket machining. That is, first, the cutting start position is specified in the processing region T, and NC data for cutting to the processing depth is created. Next, NC data for moving from the cutting start position to a point S ₀ corrected inward by the tool TL radius r from the graphic element e ₁ is created. Then, from the point S ₀ , the first movement trajectory S ₀ along the graphic elements e ₁ , e ₂ , e ₃ of the region T with the tool TL for pocket machining.
→ Create NC data of S ₁ → S ₂ → S ₃ → S ₀ .
Then, the second movement locus along the newly provided graphic elements e ₄ , e ₅ , e ₆ by shifting the graphic elements e ₁ , e ₂ , e ₃ of the processing region T inward by a predetermined processing pitch dimension P. B ₀
→ Create NC data of B ₁ → B ₂ → B ₃ → B ₀ and
Create an NC program that performs area cutting with a spiral movement trajectory.

[0003]

By the way, when the corners (corners) between elements of arbitrary shape are acute or when the cutting width (machining pitch size) per operation is large, the corners are cut. There was a problem of leaving. For example, the uncut portion M (shaded area in FIG. 4) is generated at the corners of the graphic elements e ₄ and e ₅ . Conventionally, there are the following techniques as measures for preventing the uncut portion of the corner. The first is to set a small machining pitch dimension to reduce a cutting width and prevent uncut portions. However, if the cutting width is reduced, the number of times of cutting until the end of processing increases, which causes a problem that the processing time increases. The second is to input a dummy arbitrary shape to the corner portion and create processing data for removing the uncut residue. However, even if the dummy shape is input to all the corners and there is no uncut portion, the dummy shape is input and unnecessary machining is performed. Therefore, when the NC data of the dummy shape is inserted in anticipation of the uncut portion of the corner portion, a step is required for the operator to judge whether or not the uncut portion is left, and only a worker skilled in NC data creation can perform this step. In addition to that, there is a problem that the creation work requires a lot of time. The present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems and achieves the following objects. That is, the present invention is an automatic programming method and apparatus for preventing uncut uncut corners of a milling machine, which allows even an operator unskilled in NC data creation to automatically prevent uncut uncut portions by inputting an arbitrary shape. The purpose is to provide.

[0004]

A first invention of the present application was devised to solve the above-mentioned problems, and includes a processing region constituted by continuously connecting a plurality of graphic elements. Machining shape data is created, and movement locus data that moves along the machining shape data in a predetermined machining direction is used as the first NC data, and a predetermined cutting width is moved from this first movement locus data. The movement locus data is used for the next NC
In the method of creating NC data of the machining area, in which the movement path data is repeatedly generated until the machining area is exhausted, the coordinates of the apex An of the corner portion of the tool radius trajectory of the previous NC data are calculated. Corner vertex vertex coordinate calculation procedure of the previous tool radius locus, corner portion vertex coordinate calculation procedure of the current tool center locus for calculating the coordinates of the vertex Bn of the corner portion of the tool center locus of this NC data, and this time tool center locus After creating NC data up to the corner apex Bn, calculate the distance between the corner apex An of the previous tool radius locus and the corner apex Bn of the current tool center locus, and if this distance is greater than the tool radius The procedure for determining whether there is uncut material and the procedure for determining whether there is uncut material and, if it is determined that there is uncut material, After the NC data up to n, it consists of a non-cutting prevention NC data insertion procedure that inserts NC data for reciprocating between the corner vertex Bn of the current tool center trajectory and the corner vertex vertex An of the previous tool radius trajectory. This is an automatic programming method to prevent uncut parts of the corners of milling.

A second invention of the present application is a machining shape creating section for creating machining shape data including a machining area constituted by continuously connecting a plurality of graphic elements, and the machining shape data in a predetermined machining direction. The movement trajectory data that moves along
The NC data for the first time is used, and the movement locus data obtained by moving the predetermined movement width from the movement locus data for the first time is set as the next NC data, and the movement locus data is sequentially created until the machining area is exhausted. In an automatic programming device having a data creating unit, input data for creating the machining shape, data defining a cutting direction, a tool diameter dimension of a tool used, and a machining pitch dimension for shifting the machining shape by a cutting width. Input means and last N
Corner data for calculating the corner vertex of the previous tool diameter width locus for calculating the coordinates of the vertex An of the corner portion of the tool diameter width locus obtained by shifting the C data by the tool diameter dimension of the tool used, and the tool center locus of this NC data. Corner vertex coordinate calculation means of the present tool center locus for calculating the coordinates of the vertex Bn of the corner portion of
After creating NC data up to the corner apex Bn of the tool center locus this time, the distance between the corner apex An of the previous tool radius locus and the corner apex Bn of the current tool center locus is calculated, and this distance is also calculated. Is larger than the radius of the tool diameter dimension, there is uncut portion determining means for determining that there is uncut portion, and when it is determined that there is uncut portion, after the NC data up to the corner portion determined to have uncut portion, A corner part for milling characterized by having a non-cutting prevention NC data insertion means for inserting NC data for reciprocating movement between the corner apex Bn of the current tool center locus and the corner apex An of the previous tool diameter locus. This is an automatic programming device that prevents uncut parts of the machine.

[0006]

In the invention having the above configuration, after the NC data up to the corner portion vertex Bn of the tool center locus this time is created, the corner portion vertex An of the previous tool radius locus and the corner portion vertex Bn of the current tool center locus are created. Is calculated, and when this distance is larger than the tool radius, it is determined that there is uncut material, and after the NC data to the corner portion that is determined to be uncut material, the corner portion vertex Bn of the tool center locus this time. Since NC data for reciprocating movement between the corner vertices An of the previous tool radius locus can be inserted, it automatically determines whether there is any uncut residue that occurs in the corner, and if there is uncut residue, the tool center will be used this time. NC data for simple uncut residue removal that reciprocates between the corner vertex Bn of the trajectory and the corner vertex An of the previous tool width trajectory is inserted. Therefore, even an operator who is not skilled in creating NC data can easily create an NC program with no uncut portion in a short time.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
An example will be described. The method of this invention is shown in FIG.
A plurality of graphic elements e₁ , E₂ , E₃ Connected continuously
Creates machining shape data of the machining area T
The machining direction (counterclockwise) along the graphic element of this machining shape
Direction e) given a graphic element e₁ → e ₂ → e₃ (Thick solid line
The data of the tool path to be cut along
This is the first NC data set as the first NC data.
The next NC data (SUN
That is, a virtual figure element e indicated by a two-dot chain line_Four , E_Five , E₆
Data of the tool center locus for cutting along)
The NC data for each time is shifted by the machining pitch dimension P, and the current N
Repeat as C data until the processing area T disappears.
The NC data of the work area T is created. By the way, processing area
If there is a corner section at T, the first time (or the last time)
[N-1st time]) Add with tool diameter width machined with NC data
The track of the groove (the part surrounded by the thick solid line and the thick dashed line)
Vertex A at the corner of the trace₁ Calculate the coordinates of (An), then
This NC data (virtual figure e_Four → e_Five → e₆ along
Data of the tool center locus to be cut) Corner vertex B₁ 
The coordinates of (Bn) are calculated.

Next, after creating NC data from the current tool center B ₀ to the corner portion vertex B ₁ (Bn) of the current tool center locus, the vertex A ₁ of the corner portion of the previous tool diameter locus and the current tool The distance between the center locus and the corner portion vertex B ₁ is calculated, and it is determined whether this distance is larger than the tool radius r. If the distance is larger than the tool radius r, it is determined that there is uncut material, and the corner portion vertex B ₁ after the NC data up, inserting the corner apex B ₁ and NC data for reciprocally moving operation between corner apex a ₁ of the previous tool径軌trace of this tool center path _{(B 1 → a 1 → B} 1).

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an automatic programming device according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a central processing unit (CPU) that processes the automatic programming function, 2 is a read-only memory (hereinafter referred to as ROM) that stores the system program of this automatic programming function, and 3 is the primary storage of the data being processed. A readable / writable memory (hereinafter referred to as RAM). Reference numeral 4 identifies a cutting start position on the graphic element, sets a graphic element given a machining direction along the graphic element from the cutting start position as the first NC data, and determines the first NC data as the predetermined NC data. NC data creation unit that creates the NC data of the closed area by shifting the cutting width of the next NC data to the next NC data, sequentially shifting the previous NC data by the predetermined cutting width, and repeating this time as the NC data of this time until the processing area disappears. (Automatic programming function section)
Is. Reference numeral 5 denotes a shape data memory in which the graphic element (processed shape) having such an arbitrary shape is stored. Reference numeral 6 is an NC machining program memory for storing the created NC data.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a corner vertex coordinate calculation means (intersection point Bn calculation unit) for calculating the coordinates of the vertex Bn of the corner of the tool center locus of the current NC data.
Reference numeral 8 indicates a tool diameter locus A ₃ A ₁ , A ₁ A ₂ , A _{2 in} which the previous tool center locus (NC data) for cutting along the graphic element of the machining area T is shifted inward by the tool radius. A ₃
And the intersection A of this tool radius locus A ₃ A ₁ and A ₁ A _2
This is a means for calculating the corner vertex coordinates of the previous tool radius locus for obtaining the coordinate value of ₁ (intersection An calculation unit). After outputting NC data up to the corner vertex Bn of the current tool center locus, 9 calculates the distance between the corner vertex vertex An of the previous tool radius locus and the corner vertex Bn of the current tool center locus. The uncut portion presence / absence determining unit (uncut portion presence / absence determination unit) determines that there is uncut portion when this distance is larger than the tool radius. When the uncut portion presence / absence determination unit 9 determines that there is uncut portion 10, the NC data up to the corner portion vertex Bn is followed by between the corner portion vertex Bn of the current tool center locus and the corner portion vertex An of the previous tool diameter locus. Is a non-cutting prevention NC data insertion means (inter-intersection movement program creation unit) for inserting NC data for reciprocating movement. A keyboard 11 is an input means for inputting data for creating a machining shape, data defining a cutting direction, a tool size of a tool to be used, and a shift amount for shifting the machining shape by a machining width.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the flow of the automatic programming process of the present invention. Next, the processing of the automatic programming device of the present invention will be described based on the flowchart of FIG. The shape data memory 5 uses the automatic programming function unit 4 to calculate machining shape data (for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a machining area T composed of graphic elements e ₁ , e ₂ , e ₃ and a predetermined depth). Shape data) is stored in advance. In addition, based on the data input using the keyboard 11, spiral cutting counterclockwise is defined as a machining method, the machining direction is defined from the inside of the machining shape data, and the tool TL and machining pitch dimension P to be used are defined.
Is defined and registered in a predetermined register of the RAM 3.

The CPU 1 is an automatic programming function unit 4.
Using automatic programming system, for example, pocket machining
Start automatic creation of NC program (NC data) for
It That is, first, the graphic element e₁ , E₂ , E₃ Central part of
Specify the cutting start position on the top of the
Create NC data for cutting to the working depth (prepared hole)
It After that, the graphic element e from the cutting start position₁ Tool diameter
S touches₀Move to the position. Furthermore, pocket processing
Graphic tool e of area T with tool TL₁ , E ₂ , E₃ To
Along the counterclockwise, the first (“N = 1”) cutting
Tool center locus S₁, S₂, S₃, S₀(Cutting passage)
Create NC data (step 20).

Next, "N = N + 1" is set (step 2
1) is a preceding (N-1) -th machining area graphic element e ₁ of T, e _2, the tool is shifted to e ₃ inside just the tool diameter width 2r diameter width locus _{A 3 A 1, A 1 A} 2 , A ₂ A ₃ , and first, the coordinate value of the intersection (vertex of the corner) A ₁ of the tool radius locus A ₃ A ₁ and the tool radius locus A ₁ A ₂ is determined (step 22). Next, the graphic elements e ₁ , e ₂ , e of the processing region T are
₃ is shifted inward by a predetermined machining pitch dimension P to newly set graphic elements e ₄ , e ₅ and e _6, and at the same time as the tool TL radius r from the point B on the graphic element e ₄ (nth element). A tool center locus B ₀ B ₁ , B ₁ along a new figure element e ₄ , e ₅ from an inwardly corrected point B ₀ (that is, a point displaced inward by a predetermined machining pitch dimension P from the point S ₀ ). B ₂ is found and the tool center locus B ₀
Obtain the coordinate value of the intersection point of B ₁ and the tool center locus B ₁ B ₂ (the vertex of the corner of the tool center locus this time) B ₁ (step 2
3). If the coordinate value of the intersection B ₁ is obtained, NC data of the tool center locus (cutting path) B ₀ → B ₁ along the second (Nth) figure element e ₄ (nth element) in the counterclockwise direction Is created (step 24).

Next, the CPU 1 obtains the distance between the intersection points A ₁ and B ₁ and judges whether the distance between the intersection points is larger than the tool radius r (step 25). This judgment is to judge whether or not there is uncut material, and the distance between the intersections is the tool radius r.
If it is larger, it is judged that there is uncut portion, and the uncut portion is cut. On the other hand, when the distance between the intersections is smaller than the tool radius r, it is determined that there is no uncut portion, and the process proceeds to the next process. That is, the distance between the intersections of the cutting path B ₁ → A ₁ → B ₁ of the reciprocating movement of the further intersection A ₁ to intersection A ₁ from the intersection B ₁ represents greater than the tool radius r to the intersection B ₁ N
C data is created and this NC data is used as the cutting path B ₀ → B
_It is inserted after the NC data of ₁ (step 26).

Next, it is judged whether or not all the elements up to the nth element have been completed in the N-th cutting passage (step 27), and if all the elements have not been completed, "n = n"
+1 ”(step 28), and the process from step 22 is repeated for another remaining element. On the other hand, if all the elements are completed in step 27, then it is judged whether or not the creation processing of all spiral cutting passages is completed in the machining region T N times (step 29), and all cutting is performed. If the passage creating process has not been completed, the creating process for another cutting passage remaining from the process of step 21 is repeated. If all are finished, the automatic programming process of the present invention for preventing uncut uncut corners is finished.

[0016]

As described above, in the present invention, after the NC data up to the corner vertex Bn of the current tool center locus is output, the corner portion vertex An of the previous tool radius locus and the current tool center locus are output. The distance from the corner point apex Bn of the tool is calculated, and when this distance is larger than the tool radius, it is determined that there is uncut material, and after the NC data up to the corner where it is determined that there is uncut material, the tool center trajectory this time. Since the NC data that reciprocates between the corner apex Bn of and the corner apex An of the previous tool diameter locus can be inserted, it is possible to automatically determine whether or not there is uncut residue that occurs at the corner, and there is uncut residue. Only this time the corner apex Bn of the tool center locus
Then, NC data for simple uncut remaining deletion that reciprocates between the corner vertices An of the previous tool width locus is automatically inserted.
Therefore, it is possible to omit the work of the operator judging whether there is any uncut portion and inputting a dummy input shape, so that an NC program with no uncut portion can be created quickly and easily.
That is, there is a remarkable effect that even an operator who is not skilled in creating NC data can easily create NC data without being left uncut.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an N according to an automatic programming process according to the present invention.
It is a figure which shows an example of C data creation.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an automatic programming device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an automatic programming process according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing NC data creation by a conventional automatic programming process.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 CPU 2 ROM 3 RAM 4 Automatic programming function unit 5 Shape data memory 6 NC machining program memory 7 Intersection point Bn operation unit 8 Intersection point An operation unit 9 Uncut residue presence / absence determination unit 10 Intersection movement program creation unit 11 K. B.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. Forming machining shape data including a machining area constituted by continuously connecting a plurality of graphic elements, and moving trajectory data for moving along a predetermined machining direction along the machining shape data is first. The NC data for the first time is used, and the movement track data obtained by moving the predetermined movement width from the movement data for the first time is set as the next NC data, and the creation of the movement track data is sequentially repeated until the machining area is exhausted. In the method of creating the NC data of the machining area, the corner vertex coordinate calculation procedure of the previous tool diameter locus for calculating the coordinates of the vertex An of the corner portion of the tool diameter locus of the previous NC data, and the tool center of this NC data Vertex Bn of corner of trajectory
After creating the coordinates of the corner vertex of the current tool center locus to calculate the coordinates and NC data up to the corner vertex Bn of the current tool center locus, the corner vertex An of the previous tool radius locus and the current tool center locus When calculating the distance to the corner portion vertex Bn of, and determining whether or not there is uncut material when this distance is larger than the tool radius, and when it is determined that there is uncut material, After the NC data up to the vertex Bn of the corner determined to be uncut, NC data for reciprocating between the corner vertex Bn of the current tool center locus and the corner vertex An of the previous tool radius locus is inserted. Residual prevention NC data insertion procedure, which is an automatic programming method for preventing uncut uncut corners in milling. 2. A machining shape creating section for creating machining shape data including a machining area constituted by continuously connecting a plurality of graphic elements, and a movement for moving along the machining shape data in a predetermined machining direction. The locus data is the first NC data, and the locus data moved by a predetermined cutting width from the first locus data is the next NC data. In an automatic programming device having an NC data creation unit that repeats creation of data, data for creating the machining shape, data for defining a cutting direction, a tool diameter dimension of a tool to be used, and machining for shifting the machining shape by a cutting width. The input means for inputting the pitch dimension and the coordinates of the apex An of the corner part of the tool diameter width locus obtained by shifting the previous NC data by the tool diameter dimension of the tool used. A corner vertex coordinate calculating means of the previous tool diameter width trajectory out, the apex of the corner portion of the tool center path of the current NC data Bn
After creating the coordinates of the corner vertex of the current tool center locus and the NC data up to the corner vertex Bn of the current tool center locus, the corner vertices An of the previous tool radius locus and the current tool center are calculated. In addition to calculating the distance from the corner vertex Bn of the trajectory, when the distance is larger than the radius of the tool diameter dimension, there is uncut residue determination means, and when it is determined that there is uncut residue. Is the NC data up to the corner that has been determined to be uncut, and then inserts the NC data for reciprocating between the corner apex Bn of the current tool center locus and the corner apex An of the previous tool diameter locus. An automatic programming device for preventing uncut uncut corners in milling, which has NC data insertion means.