JPH0726298B2 - 3D formation machine - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a knitting machine for knitting a special three-dimensional knitted fabric made of a fiber material. More specifically, the present invention relates to a knitting machine for knitting a three-dimensional knitted fabric with a high modulus system, based on the knitting mechanism of a double Raschel machine having two facing needle rows.

[Conventional technology]

A conventional double Raschel machine equipped with two rows of needles is provided with a reed for forming a ground structure, a reed for a connecting yarn, or a reed for a pattern yarn that expresses a pattern on the ground structure. However, except for the reeds for the handle thread, usually, only 5 to 6 reeds are equipped, and there is no concept of insertion and there is no concept of a dedicated reed for the insertion thread. Therefore, there is a limit to the structure that can be formed by the conventional double Raschel machine,
For example, the structure is limited to a structure in which pile yarns are napped in the ground structure, a tubular structure in which a knitted fabric is knitted in a tubular shape, and the like. In the case of a warp knitting machine having one needle row, a knitting machine equipped with a device for inserting the weft thread over the entire width of the needle row is already known, but it is still a warp knitting machine having two needle rows. Nothing with a device for inserting has been proposed. In addition, the reeds installed in conventional warp knitting machines have sharp edges in the yarn guide holes at the tip due to mechanical work, and the contact area of the yarns on the trick plate is also chamfered. After all it has an edge part. For this reason, yarns such as carbon fibers with extremely weak shear stress may be cut or cut into monofilaments or the yarns themselves when contacted or rubbed by the reed or trick plate, resulting in failure to knit. There was a problem to say.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The three-dimensional knitting machine of the present invention solves the problems of the prior art and proposes a new three-dimensional structure in which an insertion thread is newly inserted between two looped sheets on the front and back sides, and the structure is industrially manufactured. The purpose is to provide a knitting machine capable of knitting.

[Means and Actions for Solving Problems]

The three-dimensional knitting machine of the present invention is a knitting machine provided with two confronting trick plates, two rows of needles, and two rows of stitch combs in addition to the yarn knitting device, the reed, the patterning device, and the winding device. hand,
It is characterized in that it has at least 10 reeds, at least one reed located in the middle overlaps both the front needle and the back needle, and at least 4 reeds are insert yarn reeds. Furthermore, over the entire width of the front needle row and the back needle row, weft thread insertion devices are provided independently of each other, and at least the tip thread guide hole of the reed for insertion and the back surface of the trick plate are included in the machine part that comes into contact with the thread. It is characterized in that the edge portion has a radius of curvature of at least 0.2 mm.

In particular, the three-dimensional knitting machine of the present invention is equipped with an insertion reed, but the insertion yarn referred to in the present invention is not in a state of being incorporated into two loop-shaped sheets on the front and back sides, In addition, it means a warp insertion yarn and / or a weft insertion yarn that are inserted in parallel to the surface portion of the approximate sheet. The three-dimensional knitting machine of the present invention must have at least four reed-only reeds. By inserting warp insertion yarns and / or weft insertion yarns from at least four reeds into the structure, a three-dimensional shape can be formed, and the tensile strength in the warp direction and the weft direction of the three-dimensional structure can be significantly improved. It will be possible. The number of inserted reeds is 4
When the number of sheets is less than or equal to, the thickness of the structure that can be formed cannot be increased,
Further, it becomes difficult to improve the tensile strength in the warp direction and the weft direction of the three-dimensional structure. The basic difference between the reed for insertion and the reed for forming the ground structure is that the reed for forming the ground structure requires at least a shog motion (called overlapping) on the needle hook side, but the reed for insertion is not always the needle hook. There is no need to shog on the side, only on the back side of the needle (called underlapping). When the number of the inserted reeds is as large as possible, the shape of the three-dimensional structure can be complicated, the shape of the three-dimensional shape in the thickness direction becomes strong, and the tensile strength in the warp direction or the weft direction of the three-dimensional structure can be improved. However, if the number of reeds is increased, the space for the reeds will increase and the knitting movement of the reeds with respect to the needle will become difficult,
16 or less in total is recommended. Further, among the reeds of the three-dimensional knitting machine of the present invention, it is necessary that at least two reeds located in the middle can overlap both the front needle and the back needle. The at least two reeds are reeds that supply connecting yarns that connect two looped sheets on the front and back. Since the connecting yarn forms a yarn component in the thickness direction of the three-dimensional structure, it is an essential element for the three-dimensional knitting machine of the present invention. The three-dimensional knitting machine of the present invention is equipped with at least one connecting reed, but it is preferable to provide two connecting reeds in order to increase the number of yarns in the thickness direction and not to increase the total number of reeds. Further, the three-dimensional knitting machine of the present invention is provided with a ground reed for knitting the front and back loop-shaped sheets. The ground tissue reed is preferably located at both ends or in the vicinity thereof,
For example, a reed located at or near the front is designed to overlap only the front needle, and conversely, a reed located at or near the back is designed to overlap only the back needle.

Next, the three-dimensional knitting machine of the present invention is provided with an inserting device capable of inserting a weft yarn over the entire front needle row and an inserting device capable of inserting a weft yarn over the entire back needle row. Many devices for inserting a weft yarn over the entire width of a knitting cloth have been proposed. The insertion device provided in the three-dimensional knitting machine of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is necessary to attach it to each of the front and back of the machine, and it is desirable that it is as compact as possible. For example, a grip that holds one weft insertion yarn reciprocates left and right over the entire knitting width, aligns the yarns in parallel with the needle row, and transfers the yarns to the inserter that repeats forward and backward movements. A device having the principle of guiding is desirable.

A yarn feeder device patterning device provided in the three-dimensional knitting machine of the present invention,
The mechanism of the winding device may be basically the same as that used in a conventional double lashle machine or the like. The basic shape of the trick plate, needle, stitch comb, reed, etc. may be the same as that of the conventional warp knitting machine. However, since the three-dimensional knitting machine of the present invention also knits yarns having high modulus and extremely weak shear force, such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, and ceramic fiber, at least the tip yarn guide hole of the reed for insertion and the trick. At least the radius of curvature of the back edge of the plate
It is necessary that R of 0.2 mm is given. These high modulus yarns have extremely low fiber elongation, so if they are bent at a certain point, they will break, and the radius of curvature will be at least 0.2 m.
This is because it is necessary to bend the yarn on the surface having an arc of m. In this case, the radius of curvature is preferably as large as possible, and the radius of curvature is preferably 0.3 mm or more, but there is a limit naturally from the mechanical gauge (the needle pitch per unit length is the standard). In the three-dimensional knitting machine of the present invention, the part that gives R is
At least the reed tip thread guide hole for insertion (Fig. 3 of the attached drawing)
And the back of the trick plate (attached drawings 4 and 5a)
It is an edge portion, and in addition to this, it is desirable to give R as much as possible to the portion where the yarn contacts.

〔Example〕

(1) Yarn feeder A yarn Y is sent out in parallel from the sectional beam group B set on the beam shaft, and the yarn is set in the reeds L ₁ , L ₂ ... Group via the tension adjusting rod. . Yarn is needle
When the tension is increased by being supplied to the third and fourth groups, the tension adjusting rod is rotated, and this rotation releases the braking device of the beam shaft and the beam shaft rotates. A set of 10 devices above the needle row that can determine the delivery amount by the so-called loose thread tension S ₁ ...
I put on S ₁₀ .

(2) Ten sets of reeds L ₁ ... L ₁₀ are attached so that each yarn Y sent from the yarn feeder of 10 sets S ₁ ... S ₁₀ can be threaded. the placement of the insertion reed to FIG. 2 _{L 3, L 4, L 7} , a combination such that L _8, confer R radius of curvature r ₁ is 0.4mm at the tip yarn guide holes 15 of該筬did. Further, the reeds for connecting yarn are arranged at L ₅ and L ₆ , and the ground structure forming reeds are set at L ₁ , L ₂ , L ₉ and
It was installed at the L ₁₀ position.

(3) Patterning device The patterning device is used for the left and right Shog movements of the reed movement. The mechanism of the patterning device is the same as that of the conventional double Raschel machine, but a device having 10 rows of the pattern pieces is adopted so that each of the 10 reeds can independently perform the shog motion.

(4) Trick plate _Two trick plates 1 and 2 with radius of curvature r ₂ of 0.5 mm were attached to the back edge 16 in parallel. The front surface of the trick plate was provided with teeth for assisting stitch formation perpendicularly to the plate, and the pitch was 10 per inch. The two trick plates were set so that the distance between them was 60 mm.

(5) Needles and stitch combs As the needles 3 and 4, ordinary latch needles were used, and a total of 480 needles were attached so that one needle could fit in one tooth of the trick plates 1 and 2 described above. This needle row was formed on both the front and back of the machine. The stitch combs 5 and 6 are attached to both the front and back in two rows corresponding to the needles 3 and 4, respectively. The stitch comb
When the needles 3 and 4 are raised, the needles 5 and 6 hold down the stitches and help knock over.

(6) Winding device A device for pulling down the knitted three-dimensional structure to the upper side of the machine. In order to prevent the three-dimensional shape from being crushed, rolls wound with two pieces of cloth are set at intervals of 60 mm, and the two The three-dimensional structure was allowed to pass between the rolls.

(7) Weft insertion device The weft insertion device was attached in parallel to the two needle rows. As the apparatus, the one shown in the good example described in the text was adopted.

The reciprocal motion of the reed (swing motion), the vertical motion of the needle, the longitudinal motion of the trick plate, the longitudinal motion of the stitch comb,
It is designed to be controlled by an eccentric cam attached to a motor-driven main shaft, and the patterning device and winding device are also designed to be driven by the same motor in conjunction with the main shaft.

The eccentric cam was designed in its shape to achieve the following knitting movements.

(I) The front needle 3 rises and the stitch comb 5 advances toward the needle.

(Ii) The reeds of L _{1 to} L ₁₀ swing and the reeds of L _{1 to} L ₆ start the Shog motion of the reed by the patterning device at the time when the reeds of L _{1 to} L ₆ cross the needle 3. At this time, L ₂ , L ₅ , and L ₆ are shogged for one stitch,
Overlapping, but L ₁ , L ₃ and L ₄ do not shog.

(Iii) The reed swings toward its original position, the needle begins to descend, and the stitch comb retracts.

(Iv) The weft insertion device on the back side operates, and the weft prepared for insertion into the ground structure is sent to the position behind the back needle 4 by the forward movement of the intersa 8.

(V) The back needle 4 rises and the stitch comb 6 advances toward the needle.

The parts on the back side perform the knitting movements shown in (ii) and (iii) below, and the movement of (iv) is performed by the weft insertion device on the front side.

Although one cycle of knitting movement was shown above, a new three-dimensional structure could be formed by repeating this series of movements.

〔The invention's effect〕

By providing four reeds for insertion, it is possible to insert the insertion yarn in the warp direction and / or the weft direction between the two looped sheets on the front and back sides, and the three-dimensional structure with a well balanced strength in the warp, weft and vertical directions. The structure could be formed. In addition, weft yarns could be inserted into the ground structure over the entire knitting width, and the rigidity of the three-dimensional structure could be increased, and particularly the strength in the weft direction could be improved.

Further, it has been possible to knit a yarn such as carbon fiber, which has been said to be difficult to knit, from the insertion reeds L ₃ , L ₄ , L ₇ , L ₈ without damaging the yarn.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the three-dimensional knitting machine of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is an enlarged model view of the side surface of the knitting portion of the three-dimensional knitting machine of the present invention.
3 (a) and (b) show the tip of the reed for insertion,
(A) is a perspective view and (b) is a schematic view of a guide hole shape.
Fig. 4 is a model diagram of the trick plate. FIG. 5 is a side model view of the same trick plate. FIG. 5A is a conventional trick plate of FIG. ) 1 ... Front side trick plate, 2 ... Back side trick plate, 3 ... Front side needle, 4 ... Back side needle, 5 ... Front side stitch comb, 6 ... Back side stitch comb, 7 ... Front side inters, 8 ...
… Back side interser, L _{1 to} L ₁₀ …… Reed, 10 …… Yarn feeder, 11 …… Reed, 12 …… Patterning device, 13 …… Weft insertion device, 14 …… Winding device, 15… … Reed tip thread guide hole for insertion,
16 …… The edge part on the back of the trick plate.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A knitting machine equipped with two trick plates, two rows of needles and a stitch comb facing a yarn supplying device, a patterning device and a winding device, and having at least 10 reeds in the middle. At least one reed located is a front needle,
A three-dimensional knitting machine characterized by overlapping on both back needles and at least four reeds for insertion yarn. 2. A three-dimensional knitting machine according to claim 1, wherein each of the front needle row and the back needle row is provided with an independent weft insertion device. 3. A radius of curvature of at least 0.2 mm is imparted to at least the front thread guide hole of the reed for insertion and the back edge portion of the trick plate. A three-dimensional knitting machine according to item 2.